DURATION Bob Meuser HERES new Cat HL Glider Record early sixties Ron Wittman Lee Hines swapped record back forth few times days best single flight scored record stood 37 sec time Hines Wittman quit flying event has no further Cat record-quality flying west Continental Divide during 18 years have elapsed since scoring has since changed total best two flights counted score 1969 Dan Belieff Washington DC set record 788 sec stood nearly nine years Stoy boys Mike Stan developed flexible flapped trailing edge idea series Coots Stan set record 1088 sec see column Dec 75 Dec 77 Apr 78 Aug 78 extremely turbulent air sort stuff IHLG fliers try avoid completely understood process plausible glider able rectify equal upward downward gusts thereby extract energy Out airs motion Predictably caused large fuss Protests filed after deliberating issue FF Contest Board voted allow Stoys record stand December 1977 Stan Stoy made score 796 sec 08 sec over Belieffs former record what felt best interest sport withdrew 1088 sec record rules changed prohibit setting records turbulent air April 1978 Stoy upped previous record 820 sec February 1980 Mark Drela scored 937 sec model shown three-view Drelas model carries Coot concept bit further both big 21 span light 55 grams keep model light still ensure ample strength 90-mph launch Marc used carbon-fiber reinforcement basic features 65 lb C--grain t lb Cootsmall tail flexible flapsare retained Marcs story development Upstart glider fourth series original Upstart something threw together casually clean out scrap box 14 wingspan 40 sq wing area rather startled did 42 sec under 35-ft ceiling Since glider strong enough decided progressively increase wingspan until things started break Hence Upstarts II III IV Sure enough flight times increased progressively max times 430 448 474 sec respectively first used carbon fiber reinforcement Upstart II offset structural disadvantage very deep wing flaps character istic models carbon fuselage first used Upstart IV allows much lighter tail correspondingly lighter nose weight combination considerably reduces pitching moment-of-inertia As result Up start IV has much better climb-to-glide transi tion gliders comparable size will tolerate very steep launch angle conditions Glastonbury High School gym record set good heater ceiling created great deal turbulence up high middle gym Since Upstart IV very intolerant turbulence did flying near wall Another problem model underweight best flights transitioned 3 4 ft beneath 34 ft 11 ceiling Ballasting did seem work increased sink rate offset higher climb made effect launch attitude upon tran 46 Model Aviation Lt CIIC w4 tern rr rt Keith Morgan Fresno CA fires up big K&B-powered Class 0 ship has recently set couple national records Satellite design popular FF Gas model West Lea DeWitt entered unique mid-engine model Old-Timer Rubber-Power eventbut didnt plan way north end fuselage opened up allowing prop assembly go south rapidly sition critical Getting up courage throw favorite glider hard possible can difficult least vision shredded balsa falling slowly floor Having back-up models Upstarts II III knowing can also job tremendous help together judicious prodding Ray Harlan Leon Nault made possible let loose 100% arm tingled way home recent glider has 26 wingspan 76 sq wing area carbon fiber along nearly entire span carbon oriented resist torsion well bending Hm mm crisscrossed BM has lot potential havent tried under Category ceiling yet Mighty fine airfoil Last month presented airfoil section used models Peter Allnutt flew 1979 World Champs another Peter tell about Computer #9 best airfoil developed far felt things could still better Computer #10 airfoil designed same sort pressure dis tribution near front Computer #9 rear part designed have pressure distri bution like Schmitz-Wortman-Hack linger-designed Go-803 section seems best airfoil have used date super stable can flown breeze has very good still-air performance too Some observers judged Peter have slowestflying model World Champs Peter continues finished model #31 employed new Computer #10 airfoil just short time before World Champs intending use rounds air flat However after flying model extensively practice days realized best model flew throughout contest got coordinates both Computer #9 Computer #10 foils carefully measuring drawing fumished Peter coordinates Continued page 101 September 1980 47 Paul Stober flies 300 sq version record-setting Strongarm design 1/2A Gasthe popular event Bill Giffen 1/2A Maverick design St tne uoeing Hawks Power Bash Bills performance good enough 3rd place flyoft Bill Baker displays Stratowake converted electric power Astro Flight motor Although Electric FF official AMA event still too popular Larry Kruse photo FF Duration/Meuser continued page 47 therefore accurate usual ones presented accurate some 001% figures accurate 001% might inferred bad justify stopping at01% figures however far accurate can make template slice ribs plenty good enough binoculars eyeballs ticklish noses Although 1978-79 AMA rulebook mite confusingin place says kin another kaint use binocsthe fact binoculars can used timekeepers Outdoor AMA FAI free flight events hands modeler binocs serve useful model-retrieval aid Increasing numbers free fighters using perhaps time paid little attention selection use job would easy could simply recom mend particular brand model best free flight applications spout out some such simplistic statement get what pay doesnt work way what best Person necessarily best Person B simply throwing money binocular salesperson wont necessarily get better glass first step define problem What want use binoculars Are use timekeeper use expect use activities other model aviation such birdwatching girlwatching scuse personwatching Whatever use selection best binoculars will set compromises Mother Nature demands reasonable amount space cant possibly address applications other FF model aviation look elsewhere guidance might find lever-focusing glass ideal dual purpose birdwatch ing model aviation whereas solely FF applications lever-focus feature might merely innocuous redundancy intoler able pain neck wear glasses require correction astigmatism cylinder prism expect use binocs eyeglasses expect otherstimekeepersto use Are size weight considerations expect value under very low level lighting situations price consideration Although limited scopeit doesnt cover individual-focus zoom modelsthe March 1980 issue Consumer Reports has excellent article subject Before going very far discussion necessary define some technical terms used relation binoculars will see such specifications 6x30 6 power 30 diameter objective lensesthe ones away youexpressed millimeters 6-power magnification will make objects appear about one-sixth real distances away Field view tells width subject can see time Often field expressed say 622 ft 1000 yds Sometimes field expressed degrees seems preferable convert feet-yards business degrees multiply field width feet 191 divide distance yards nut meaningless precision divide field width feet distance yards divide 6 take inverse tangent double Exit-pupil diameter often called simply exit pupil diameter milimeters bundle light going eyepieces onto Winning Ideas FOURMOST FUEL MANIFOLD - ww ruec crue FUEL SHUT OFFSmall Fuel Fitting Set Manifold Provides ConvenientCan used Control FuelSize 10 PRICE 125 Method br Tank Filling Draining andFlow Starting1 Tee 2 Elbows 1 Pen Bladder Tee Priming tive Airborn Shutoff DPRICE 950PRICE 350 %ANDODSTRUT FAIRINGS Comes two 23 Lengths pitTwo Sizes coaming 10Large Fuel Fitting Set Size 1 IDPRICE 150 Packaged 2 Ft SizePRIC 2 lengths eitliAr size 2251 Tee 1 Elbow 1 union 1 Plug PRICE 1 9SIpkgeoih Made Frwi Fuel Proof Polyethyieeo Send SASE Complete Information Fuivi~i 4040 24th Ave Forest Grove OR 97116 PRODUCTS Phone 503 357-2732 SOUTHERN RIC FLIES AGAIN! / Model Merchant IS Southern RIC . Keeping alive top line R/C aircraft Currently being offered COMPENSATOR- 60BOOTLEGGER- 60 TIGER TAIL III- 60ALLEY KAT- 40 Sport EZ FLIER- 40 Trainer Order Direct MODEL MERCHANT 512 541-3867 554 E Fronton St Brownsville TX 78520 DEALER & DIsTRiBuTOR iNouiRIEs INViTED eyeballs simply diameter objective lenses divided magnification power 7x35 glass will have exit-pupil diameter 35/7 5 mm Note said onto eyeball iris eye less 5 mm case light coming eyepieces will get through irises onto retinas diameters irises greater 5 mm light will end up hitting retina image see would appear brighter exit pupil larger magnifying power lower objectives larger daylight viewing image bright ness produced tiniest compacts will sufficient dawn dusk 6x30 glass having exit pupil 5 mm will trick nicely wont aware loss brightness Under extremely low levels lighting youll need everything can get pupils will dilate diameter about 7 mm near darkness hence Navy-type 7x50 night glasses exitpupilof5O/7 71 mm So large objectives coupled low magnifying power can give brighter image under lowlight situations principle larger objectives can give sharper image simply dont So buying 6x50 would get absolutely nothing over 6x25 other twice size four times weight considerably expense whole idea behind binoculars present enlarged image subject easy believe greater enlargement better Dont believe Greater magnification means image will jiggle around holding binoculars hand power 7 generally regarded greatest magnification practical hand-held bi noculars might lot happier power 6 Furthermore field view increases power decreases can important trying find model sky 6-power glass has 17% wider field view normal eyepieces 7-power translates 36% increase area seen believe want wide field view should buy wide-angle superwide-angle binocs right Thats fine willing put up greater bulk either fuzzier image doubling price no way manufacturer can give same quality image wide-angle glass standard same price However must use eyeglasses prefer might able see clear edges field view anyhow image quality important Wide-angle binocs have bad-enough image quality center field often September 1980 101 / ', have extremely poor image quality edges sounds bad might quite satisfactory hand-holding things image jumping over place anyhow about zooms sounds great Find thing want look low magnification zoom higher power closer look Youll pay $30 zoomies equivalent conventional models Alas no way manufacturer can give same image quality zoomie can singlemagnification glass mere $30 magni fications optimum magnification again image quality important zoom feature isnt advertising hoopla wear eyeglasses might have problem have strong cylinder prism correction must wear eyeglasses using binocs correction merely nearsightedness farsightedness have choice whether remove eyeglasses using binoculars vision better 20/20 glasses Still prefer use occasions including Im using binoculars because see better However some binoculars accom modate themselves eyeglass users better others Nowadays binoculars supplied soft rubber eyecups roll back Out harms way using eyeglasses some dont eyeglasses might find cant see way edges field view especially true compact wide-angie binoculars Focusing olden times binoculars either center focusing individual focusing former term means knurled knob middle adjusts both eyepieces simulta neously also separate focusing mechanism eyepieces accommo date differences two eyes Individual focusing means eyepiece adjusted individually strangely enough intoler able nuisance watching birds at20 ft instant model planes 1000 ft next instant confound matter nowadays plagued variety quick-focusing mechanisms levers ratchet devices other wonderous things Consumer Reports testers didnt think much rapid-focus models model aviation purposes singleperson use should able focus things distant object once never have fuss again during entire life Anything less compromise So looking ease focusing rather looking absence ease de-focusing What did say Ed old Navy-type individual-focus binocs pretty good respect can find set local hock shop $40 particularly names Zeiss Leitz B L grab steer clear some immediately-post-war Japa nese copies some unbelievably bad far cry fine stuff often crank out nowadays Consumer Reports points out likely find substantial differences between individual examples same make model think likely apply less expensive brands some expensive ones perhaps wishful think ing event have opportunity try several before buy pretty much says dont buy discount source might tough pill Binocs can often purchased substantially lower prices companies advertise sporting photography maga zines dont get opportunity try before buy Finally Binocs bulky wont have you need arent worth lot However can put up weight bulk 7x35 wide-angle set might serve well extremely popular price relatively low Forty dollars can get lot Ive used quite few have yet find didnt like name-brand Navy binocs no longer seen often retail shelves marvels optical clarity ruggedness can see dark fool things dont expect much flying birdwatching dark put premium glass can carry pocket check Bushnell Custom Compacts 6x25 7x26 Nikon Compact 7x21 Consumer Reports tested ranked bunch binocs including examples Nikon Leitz Bushnell Minolta Zeiss Several years ago bought lower-power model two Bushnells tested preference Nikon also checked Out because Bushnells substantially greater field width exit pupil though other technical factors appeared equal Ive used little Minolta too like lot didnt consider Leitz Zeiss models because prices comment made ConsumerReports respect Bushnell compacts well several other makes Neck strap attached between tele scopes can tickle nose indeed does time thought simply especially ticklish nose Bob Meuser 4200 Gregory Street Oakland CA 94619 FF Old Timers/Haught continued page 50 models often helpful use permanent pins increase strength Larger standard pins available sewing shops can driven structure building board small tack hammer life expectancy old-timers indeed short fly-aways common thus models constructed provide extensive handling over long period Today models last much longer due refined trimming tech niques dethermalizer systems factor points out need some planking sheeting areas subject abrasion frequent handling planking should installed flush surrounding structure preserve original appearance additional strength rigidity goal may want consider some internal sheeting method provides great strength changing outward appearance way Dethermalizing DT places different load landing gears glide-in landing common old days Increasing landing gear wire size step advisable generous use gussets plywood landing gear attach ment area Wings also subjected DT negative loads no design consideration originally given sometimes leading structural failures Substituting larger wood sizes spruce balsa good precautions heavier dihedral braces common solution among model ers addition 3 4 small auxiliary spars upper surface wing between leading edge 30% chord line could subject challenge contest director modification turbulator spars tend increase lift hence glide performance question theory try trimming up towline glider straight hand glide calm air fixing some taught string turbulators place tape wing Try another hand glide watch glider tum away turbulated wing indicating increase lift modified wing word two about adhesives usually build white glues water soluable type glue works very well laminating wet damp wood new super glues OK joints perfect arent using cyanoacrylates wise brush coat white glue later safeguard often use little 5-minute epoxy speed up some assembly operations rely heavily some brands tend brittle lack good penetration wood fibres Build em light build em strong Clarence 1-laught Rt 5 Box 16 CouerdAlene ID 83814 102 Model Aviation Tatone Makes Easy Established 1956 Tatone has invented de signed over 300 specialized model airplane ac cessQries often imitated never equalled Watch new items 4 Tatone products available leading hobby shops See dealer first convenient R DIRECT Send SOC illustrated price information COD VISA MATFR CHARGE accented U] IJIDI KS] 4
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/09
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 101, 102
DURATION Bob Meuser HERES new Cat HL Glider Record early sixties Ron Wittman Lee Hines swapped record back forth few times days best single flight scored record stood 37 sec time Hines Wittman quit flying event has no further Cat record-quality flying west Continental Divide during 18 years have elapsed since scoring has since changed total best two flights counted score 1969 Dan Belieff Washington DC set record 788 sec stood nearly nine years Stoy boys Mike Stan developed flexible flapped trailing edge idea series Coots Stan set record 1088 sec see column Dec 75 Dec 77 Apr 78 Aug 78 extremely turbulent air sort stuff IHLG fliers try avoid completely understood process plausible glider able rectify equal upward downward gusts thereby extract energy Out airs motion Predictably caused large fuss Protests filed after deliberating issue FF Contest Board voted allow Stoys record stand December 1977 Stan Stoy made score 796 sec 08 sec over Belieffs former record what felt best interest sport withdrew 1088 sec record rules changed prohibit setting records turbulent air April 1978 Stoy upped previous record 820 sec February 1980 Mark Drela scored 937 sec model shown three-view Drelas model carries Coot concept bit further both big 21 span light 55 grams keep model light still ensure ample strength 90-mph launch Marc used carbon-fiber reinforcement basic features 65 lb C--grain t lb Cootsmall tail flexible flapsare retained Marcs story development Upstart glider fourth series original Upstart something threw together casually clean out scrap box 14 wingspan 40 sq wing area rather startled did 42 sec under 35-ft ceiling Since glider strong enough decided progressively increase wingspan until things started break Hence Upstarts II III IV Sure enough flight times increased progressively max times 430 448 474 sec respectively first used carbon fiber reinforcement Upstart II offset structural disadvantage very deep wing flaps character istic models carbon fuselage first used Upstart IV allows much lighter tail correspondingly lighter nose weight combination considerably reduces pitching moment-of-inertia As result Up start IV has much better climb-to-glide transi tion gliders comparable size will tolerate very steep launch angle conditions Glastonbury High School gym record set good heater ceiling created great deal turbulence up high middle gym Since Upstart IV very intolerant turbulence did flying near wall Another problem model underweight best flights transitioned 3 4 ft beneath 34 ft 11 ceiling Ballasting did seem work increased sink rate offset higher climb made effect launch attitude upon tran 46 Model Aviation Lt CIIC w4 tern rr rt Keith Morgan Fresno CA fires up big K&B-powered Class 0 ship has recently set couple national records Satellite design popular FF Gas model West Lea DeWitt entered unique mid-engine model Old-Timer Rubber-Power eventbut didnt plan way north end fuselage opened up allowing prop assembly go south rapidly sition critical Getting up courage throw favorite glider hard possible can difficult least vision shredded balsa falling slowly floor Having back-up models Upstarts II III knowing can also job tremendous help together judicious prodding Ray Harlan Leon Nault made possible let loose 100% arm tingled way home recent glider has 26 wingspan 76 sq wing area carbon fiber along nearly entire span carbon oriented resist torsion well bending Hm mm crisscrossed BM has lot potential havent tried under Category ceiling yet Mighty fine airfoil Last month presented airfoil section used models Peter Allnutt flew 1979 World Champs another Peter tell about Computer #9 best airfoil developed far felt things could still better Computer #10 airfoil designed same sort pressure dis tribution near front Computer #9 rear part designed have pressure distri bution like Schmitz-Wortman-Hack linger-designed Go-803 section seems best airfoil have used date super stable can flown breeze has very good still-air performance too Some observers judged Peter have slowestflying model World Champs Peter continues finished model #31 employed new Computer #10 airfoil just short time before World Champs intending use rounds air flat However after flying model extensively practice days realized best model flew throughout contest got coordinates both Computer #9 Computer #10 foils carefully measuring drawing fumished Peter coordinates Continued page 101 September 1980 47 Paul Stober flies 300 sq version record-setting Strongarm design 1/2A Gasthe popular event Bill Giffen 1/2A Maverick design St tne uoeing Hawks Power Bash Bills performance good enough 3rd place flyoft Bill Baker displays Stratowake converted electric power Astro Flight motor Although Electric FF official AMA event still too popular Larry Kruse photo FF Duration/Meuser continued page 47 therefore accurate usual ones presented accurate some 001% figures accurate 001% might inferred bad justify stopping at01% figures however far accurate can make template slice ribs plenty good enough binoculars eyeballs ticklish noses Although 1978-79 AMA rulebook mite confusingin place says kin another kaint use binocsthe fact binoculars can used timekeepers Outdoor AMA FAI free flight events hands modeler binocs serve useful model-retrieval aid Increasing numbers free fighters using perhaps time paid little attention selection use job would easy could simply recom mend particular brand model best free flight applications spout out some such simplistic statement get what pay doesnt work way what best Person necessarily best Person B simply throwing money binocular salesperson wont necessarily get better glass first step define problem What want use binoculars Are use timekeeper use expect use activities other model aviation such birdwatching girlwatching scuse personwatching Whatever use selection best binoculars will set compromises Mother Nature demands reasonable amount space cant possibly address applications other FF model aviation look elsewhere guidance might find lever-focusing glass ideal dual purpose birdwatch ing model aviation whereas solely FF applications lever-focus feature might merely innocuous redundancy intoler able pain neck wear glasses require correction astigmatism cylinder prism expect use binocs eyeglasses expect otherstimekeepersto use Are size weight considerations expect value under very low level lighting situations price consideration Although limited scopeit doesnt cover individual-focus zoom modelsthe March 1980 issue Consumer Reports has excellent article subject Before going very far discussion necessary define some technical terms used relation binoculars will see such specifications 6x30 6 power 30 diameter objective lensesthe ones away youexpressed millimeters 6-power magnification will make objects appear about one-sixth real distances away Field view tells width subject can see time Often field expressed say 622 ft 1000 yds Sometimes field expressed degrees seems preferable convert feet-yards business degrees multiply field width feet 191 divide distance yards nut meaningless precision divide field width feet distance yards divide 6 take inverse tangent double Exit-pupil diameter often called simply exit pupil diameter milimeters bundle light going eyepieces onto Winning Ideas FOURMOST FUEL MANIFOLD - ww ruec crue FUEL SHUT OFFSmall Fuel Fitting Set Manifold Provides ConvenientCan used Control FuelSize 10 PRICE 125 Method br Tank Filling Draining andFlow Starting1 Tee 2 Elbows 1 Pen Bladder Tee Priming tive Airborn Shutoff DPRICE 950PRICE 350 %ANDODSTRUT FAIRINGS Comes two 23 Lengths pitTwo Sizes coaming 10Large Fuel Fitting Set Size 1 IDPRICE 150 Packaged 2 Ft SizePRIC 2 lengths eitliAr size 2251 Tee 1 Elbow 1 union 1 Plug PRICE 1 9SIpkgeoih Made Frwi Fuel Proof Polyethyieeo Send SASE Complete Information Fuivi~i 4040 24th Ave Forest Grove OR 97116 PRODUCTS Phone 503 357-2732 SOUTHERN RIC FLIES AGAIN! / Model Merchant IS Southern RIC . Keeping alive top line R/C aircraft Currently being offered COMPENSATOR- 60BOOTLEGGER- 60 TIGER TAIL III- 60ALLEY KAT- 40 Sport EZ FLIER- 40 Trainer Order Direct MODEL MERCHANT 512 541-3867 554 E Fronton St Brownsville TX 78520 DEALER & DIsTRiBuTOR iNouiRIEs INViTED eyeballs simply diameter objective lenses divided magnification power 7x35 glass will have exit-pupil diameter 35/7 5 mm Note said onto eyeball iris eye less 5 mm case light coming eyepieces will get through irises onto retinas diameters irises greater 5 mm light will end up hitting retina image see would appear brighter exit pupil larger magnifying power lower objectives larger daylight viewing image bright ness produced tiniest compacts will sufficient dawn dusk 6x30 glass having exit pupil 5 mm will trick nicely wont aware loss brightness Under extremely low levels lighting youll need everything can get pupils will dilate diameter about 7 mm near darkness hence Navy-type 7x50 night glasses exitpupilof5O/7 71 mm So large objectives coupled low magnifying power can give brighter image under lowlight situations principle larger objectives can give sharper image simply dont So buying 6x50 would get absolutely nothing over 6x25 other twice size four times weight considerably expense whole idea behind binoculars present enlarged image subject easy believe greater enlargement better Dont believe Greater magnification means image will jiggle around holding binoculars hand power 7 generally regarded greatest magnification practical hand-held bi noculars might lot happier power 6 Furthermore field view increases power decreases can important trying find model sky 6-power glass has 17% wider field view normal eyepieces 7-power translates 36% increase area seen believe want wide field view should buy wide-angle superwide-angle binocs right Thats fine willing put up greater bulk either fuzzier image doubling price no way manufacturer can give same quality image wide-angle glass standard same price However must use eyeglasses prefer might able see clear edges field view anyhow image quality important Wide-angle binocs have bad-enough image quality center field often September 1980 101 / ', have extremely poor image quality edges sounds bad might quite satisfactory hand-holding things image jumping over place anyhow about zooms sounds great Find thing want look low magnification zoom higher power closer look Youll pay $30 zoomies equivalent conventional models Alas no way manufacturer can give same image quality zoomie can singlemagnification glass mere $30 magni fications optimum magnification again image quality important zoom feature isnt advertising hoopla wear eyeglasses might have problem have strong cylinder prism correction must wear eyeglasses using binocs correction merely nearsightedness farsightedness have choice whether remove eyeglasses using binoculars vision better 20/20 glasses Still prefer use occasions including Im using binoculars because see better However some binoculars accom modate themselves eyeglass users better others Nowadays binoculars supplied soft rubber eyecups roll back Out harms way using eyeglasses some dont eyeglasses might find cant see way edges field view especially true compact wide-angie binoculars Focusing olden times binoculars either center focusing individual focusing former term means knurled knob middle adjusts both eyepieces simulta neously also separate focusing mechanism eyepieces accommo date differences two eyes Individual focusing means eyepiece adjusted individually strangely enough intoler able nuisance watching birds at20 ft instant model planes 1000 ft next instant confound matter nowadays plagued variety quick-focusing mechanisms levers ratchet devices other wonderous things Consumer Reports testers didnt think much rapid-focus models model aviation purposes singleperson use should able focus things distant object once never have fuss again during entire life Anything less compromise So looking ease focusing rather looking absence ease de-focusing What did say Ed old Navy-type individual-focus binocs pretty good respect can find set local hock shop $40 particularly names Zeiss Leitz B L grab steer clear some immediately-post-war Japa nese copies some unbelievably bad far cry fine stuff often crank out nowadays Consumer Reports points out likely find substantial differences between individual examples same make model think likely apply less expensive brands some expensive ones perhaps wishful think ing event have opportunity try several before buy pretty much says dont buy discount source might tough pill Binocs can often purchased substantially lower prices companies advertise sporting photography maga zines dont get opportunity try before buy Finally Binocs bulky wont have you need arent worth lot However can put up weight bulk 7x35 wide-angle set might serve well extremely popular price relatively low Forty dollars can get lot Ive used quite few have yet find didnt like name-brand Navy binocs no longer seen often retail shelves marvels optical clarity ruggedness can see dark fool things dont expect much flying birdwatching dark put premium glass can carry pocket check Bushnell Custom Compacts 6x25 7x26 Nikon Compact 7x21 Consumer Reports tested ranked bunch binocs including examples Nikon Leitz Bushnell Minolta Zeiss Several years ago bought lower-power model two Bushnells tested preference Nikon also checked Out because Bushnells substantially greater field width exit pupil though other technical factors appeared equal Ive used little Minolta too like lot didnt consider Leitz Zeiss models because prices comment made ConsumerReports respect Bushnell compacts well several other makes Neck strap attached between tele scopes can tickle nose indeed does time thought simply especially ticklish nose Bob Meuser 4200 Gregory Street Oakland CA 94619 FF Old Timers/Haught continued page 50 models often helpful use permanent pins increase strength Larger standard pins available sewing shops can driven structure building board small tack hammer life expectancy old-timers indeed short fly-aways common thus models constructed provide extensive handling over long period Today models last much longer due refined trimming tech niques dethermalizer systems factor points out need some planking sheeting areas subject abrasion frequent handling planking should installed flush surrounding structure preserve original appearance additional strength rigidity goal may want consider some internal sheeting method provides great strength changing outward appearance way Dethermalizing DT places different load landing gears glide-in landing common old days Increasing landing gear wire size step advisable generous use gussets plywood landing gear attach ment area Wings also subjected DT negative loads no design consideration originally given sometimes leading structural failures Substituting larger wood sizes spruce balsa good precautions heavier dihedral braces common solution among model ers addition 3 4 small auxiliary spars upper surface wing between leading edge 30% chord line could subject challenge contest director modification turbulator spars tend increase lift hence glide performance question theory try trimming up towline glider straight hand glide calm air fixing some taught string turbulators place tape wing Try another hand glide watch glider tum away turbulated wing indicating increase lift modified wing word two about adhesives usually build white glues water soluable type glue works very well laminating wet damp wood new super glues OK joints perfect arent using cyanoacrylates wise brush coat white glue later safeguard often use little 5-minute epoxy speed up some assembly operations rely heavily some brands tend brittle lack good penetration wood fibres Build em light build em strong Clarence 1-laught Rt 5 Box 16 CouerdAlene ID 83814 102 Model Aviation Tatone Makes Easy Established 1956 Tatone has invented de signed over 300 specialized model airplane ac cessQries often imitated never equalled Watch new items 4 Tatone products available leading hobby shops See dealer first convenient R DIRECT Send SOC illustrated price information COD VISA MATFR CHARGE accented U] IJIDI KS] 4
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/09
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 101, 102
DURATION Bob Meuser HERES new Cat HL Glider Record early sixties Ron Wittman Lee Hines swapped record back forth few times days best single flight scored record stood 37 sec time Hines Wittman quit flying event has no further Cat record-quality flying west Continental Divide during 18 years have elapsed since scoring has since changed total best two flights counted score 1969 Dan Belieff Washington DC set record 788 sec stood nearly nine years Stoy boys Mike Stan developed flexible flapped trailing edge idea series Coots Stan set record 1088 sec see column Dec 75 Dec 77 Apr 78 Aug 78 extremely turbulent air sort stuff IHLG fliers try avoid completely understood process plausible glider able rectify equal upward downward gusts thereby extract energy Out airs motion Predictably caused large fuss Protests filed after deliberating issue FF Contest Board voted allow Stoys record stand December 1977 Stan Stoy made score 796 sec 08 sec over Belieffs former record what felt best interest sport withdrew 1088 sec record rules changed prohibit setting records turbulent air April 1978 Stoy upped previous record 820 sec February 1980 Mark Drela scored 937 sec model shown three-view Drelas model carries Coot concept bit further both big 21 span light 55 grams keep model light still ensure ample strength 90-mph launch Marc used carbon-fiber reinforcement basic features 65 lb C--grain t lb Cootsmall tail flexible flapsare retained Marcs story development Upstart glider fourth series original Upstart something threw together casually clean out scrap box 14 wingspan 40 sq wing area rather startled did 42 sec under 35-ft ceiling Since glider strong enough decided progressively increase wingspan until things started break Hence Upstarts II III IV Sure enough flight times increased progressively max times 430 448 474 sec respectively first used carbon fiber reinforcement Upstart II offset structural disadvantage very deep wing flaps character istic models carbon fuselage first used Upstart IV allows much lighter tail correspondingly lighter nose weight combination considerably reduces pitching moment-of-inertia As result Up start IV has much better climb-to-glide transi tion gliders comparable size will tolerate very steep launch angle conditions Glastonbury High School gym record set good heater ceiling created great deal turbulence up high middle gym Since Upstart IV very intolerant turbulence did flying near wall Another problem model underweight best flights transitioned 3 4 ft beneath 34 ft 11 ceiling Ballasting did seem work increased sink rate offset higher climb made effect launch attitude upon tran 46 Model Aviation Lt CIIC w4 tern rr rt Keith Morgan Fresno CA fires up big K&B-powered Class 0 ship has recently set couple national records Satellite design popular FF Gas model West Lea DeWitt entered unique mid-engine model Old-Timer Rubber-Power eventbut didnt plan way north end fuselage opened up allowing prop assembly go south rapidly sition critical Getting up courage throw favorite glider hard possible can difficult least vision shredded balsa falling slowly floor Having back-up models Upstarts II III knowing can also job tremendous help together judicious prodding Ray Harlan Leon Nault made possible let loose 100% arm tingled way home recent glider has 26 wingspan 76 sq wing area carbon fiber along nearly entire span carbon oriented resist torsion well bending Hm mm crisscrossed BM has lot potential havent tried under Category ceiling yet Mighty fine airfoil Last month presented airfoil section used models Peter Allnutt flew 1979 World Champs another Peter tell about Computer #9 best airfoil developed far felt things could still better Computer #10 airfoil designed same sort pressure dis tribution near front Computer #9 rear part designed have pressure distri bution like Schmitz-Wortman-Hack linger-designed Go-803 section seems best airfoil have used date super stable can flown breeze has very good still-air performance too Some observers judged Peter have slowestflying model World Champs Peter continues finished model #31 employed new Computer #10 airfoil just short time before World Champs intending use rounds air flat However after flying model extensively practice days realized best model flew throughout contest got coordinates both Computer #9 Computer #10 foils carefully measuring drawing fumished Peter coordinates Continued page 101 September 1980 47 Paul Stober flies 300 sq version record-setting Strongarm design 1/2A Gasthe popular event Bill Giffen 1/2A Maverick design St tne uoeing Hawks Power Bash Bills performance good enough 3rd place flyoft Bill Baker displays Stratowake converted electric power Astro Flight motor Although Electric FF official AMA event still too popular Larry Kruse photo FF Duration/Meuser continued page 47 therefore accurate usual ones presented accurate some 001% figures accurate 001% might inferred bad justify stopping at01% figures however far accurate can make template slice ribs plenty good enough binoculars eyeballs ticklish noses Although 1978-79 AMA rulebook mite confusingin place says kin another kaint use binocsthe fact binoculars can used timekeepers Outdoor AMA FAI free flight events hands modeler binocs serve useful model-retrieval aid Increasing numbers free fighters using perhaps time paid little attention selection use job would easy could simply recom mend particular brand model best free flight applications spout out some such simplistic statement get what pay doesnt work way what best Person necessarily best Person B simply throwing money binocular salesperson wont necessarily get better glass first step define problem What want use binoculars Are use timekeeper use expect use activities other model aviation such birdwatching girlwatching scuse personwatching Whatever use selection best binoculars will set compromises Mother Nature demands reasonable amount space cant possibly address applications other FF model aviation look elsewhere guidance might find lever-focusing glass ideal dual purpose birdwatch ing model aviation whereas solely FF applications lever-focus feature might merely innocuous redundancy intoler able pain neck wear glasses require correction astigmatism cylinder prism expect use binocs eyeglasses expect otherstimekeepersto use Are size weight considerations expect value under very low level lighting situations price consideration Although limited scopeit doesnt cover individual-focus zoom modelsthe March 1980 issue Consumer Reports has excellent article subject Before going very far discussion necessary define some technical terms used relation binoculars will see such specifications 6x30 6 power 30 diameter objective lensesthe ones away youexpressed millimeters 6-power magnification will make objects appear about one-sixth real distances away Field view tells width subject can see time Often field expressed say 622 ft 1000 yds Sometimes field expressed degrees seems preferable convert feet-yards business degrees multiply field width feet 191 divide distance yards nut meaningless precision divide field width feet distance yards divide 6 take inverse tangent double Exit-pupil diameter often called simply exit pupil diameter milimeters bundle light going eyepieces onto Winning Ideas FOURMOST FUEL MANIFOLD - ww ruec crue FUEL SHUT OFFSmall Fuel Fitting Set Manifold Provides ConvenientCan used Control FuelSize 10 PRICE 125 Method br Tank Filling Draining andFlow Starting1 Tee 2 Elbows 1 Pen Bladder Tee Priming tive Airborn Shutoff DPRICE 950PRICE 350 %ANDODSTRUT FAIRINGS Comes two 23 Lengths pitTwo Sizes coaming 10Large Fuel Fitting Set Size 1 IDPRICE 150 Packaged 2 Ft SizePRIC 2 lengths eitliAr size 2251 Tee 1 Elbow 1 union 1 Plug PRICE 1 9SIpkgeoih Made Frwi Fuel Proof Polyethyieeo Send SASE Complete Information Fuivi~i 4040 24th Ave Forest Grove OR 97116 PRODUCTS Phone 503 357-2732 SOUTHERN RIC FLIES AGAIN! / Model Merchant IS Southern RIC . Keeping alive top line R/C aircraft Currently being offered COMPENSATOR- 60BOOTLEGGER- 60 TIGER TAIL III- 60ALLEY KAT- 40 Sport EZ FLIER- 40 Trainer Order Direct MODEL MERCHANT 512 541-3867 554 E Fronton St Brownsville TX 78520 DEALER & DIsTRiBuTOR iNouiRIEs INViTED eyeballs simply diameter objective lenses divided magnification power 7x35 glass will have exit-pupil diameter 35/7 5 mm Note said onto eyeball iris eye less 5 mm case light coming eyepieces will get through irises onto retinas diameters irises greater 5 mm light will end up hitting retina image see would appear brighter exit pupil larger magnifying power lower objectives larger daylight viewing image bright ness produced tiniest compacts will sufficient dawn dusk 6x30 glass having exit pupil 5 mm will trick nicely wont aware loss brightness Under extremely low levels lighting youll need everything can get pupils will dilate diameter about 7 mm near darkness hence Navy-type 7x50 night glasses exitpupilof5O/7 71 mm So large objectives coupled low magnifying power can give brighter image under lowlight situations principle larger objectives can give sharper image simply dont So buying 6x50 would get absolutely nothing over 6x25 other twice size four times weight considerably expense whole idea behind binoculars present enlarged image subject easy believe greater enlargement better Dont believe Greater magnification means image will jiggle around holding binoculars hand power 7 generally regarded greatest magnification practical hand-held bi noculars might lot happier power 6 Furthermore field view increases power decreases can important trying find model sky 6-power glass has 17% wider field view normal eyepieces 7-power translates 36% increase area seen believe want wide field view should buy wide-angle superwide-angle binocs right Thats fine willing put up greater bulk either fuzzier image doubling price no way manufacturer can give same quality image wide-angle glass standard same price However must use eyeglasses prefer might able see clear edges field view anyhow image quality important Wide-angle binocs have bad-enough image quality center field often September 1980 101 / ', have extremely poor image quality edges sounds bad might quite satisfactory hand-holding things image jumping over place anyhow about zooms sounds great Find thing want look low magnification zoom higher power closer look Youll pay $30 zoomies equivalent conventional models Alas no way manufacturer can give same image quality zoomie can singlemagnification glass mere $30 magni fications optimum magnification again image quality important zoom feature isnt advertising hoopla wear eyeglasses might have problem have strong cylinder prism correction must wear eyeglasses using binocs correction merely nearsightedness farsightedness have choice whether remove eyeglasses using binoculars vision better 20/20 glasses Still prefer use occasions including Im using binoculars because see better However some binoculars accom modate themselves eyeglass users better others Nowadays binoculars supplied soft rubber eyecups roll back Out harms way using eyeglasses some dont eyeglasses might find cant see way edges field view especially true compact wide-angie binoculars Focusing olden times binoculars either center focusing individual focusing former term means knurled knob middle adjusts both eyepieces simulta neously also separate focusing mechanism eyepieces accommo date differences two eyes Individual focusing means eyepiece adjusted individually strangely enough intoler able nuisance watching birds at20 ft instant model planes 1000 ft next instant confound matter nowadays plagued variety quick-focusing mechanisms levers ratchet devices other wonderous things Consumer Reports testers didnt think much rapid-focus models model aviation purposes singleperson use should able focus things distant object once never have fuss again during entire life Anything less compromise So looking ease focusing rather looking absence ease de-focusing What did say Ed old Navy-type individual-focus binocs pretty good respect can find set local hock shop $40 particularly names Zeiss Leitz B L grab steer clear some immediately-post-war Japa nese copies some unbelievably bad far cry fine stuff often crank out nowadays Consumer Reports points out likely find substantial differences between individual examples same make model think likely apply less expensive brands some expensive ones perhaps wishful think ing event have opportunity try several before buy pretty much says dont buy discount source might tough pill Binocs can often purchased substantially lower prices companies advertise sporting photography maga zines dont get opportunity try before buy Finally Binocs bulky wont have you need arent worth lot However can put up weight bulk 7x35 wide-angle set might serve well extremely popular price relatively low Forty dollars can get lot Ive used quite few have yet find didnt like name-brand Navy binocs no longer seen often retail shelves marvels optical clarity ruggedness can see dark fool things dont expect much flying birdwatching dark put premium glass can carry pocket check Bushnell Custom Compacts 6x25 7x26 Nikon Compact 7x21 Consumer Reports tested ranked bunch binocs including examples Nikon Leitz Bushnell Minolta Zeiss Several years ago bought lower-power model two Bushnells tested preference Nikon also checked Out because Bushnells substantially greater field width exit pupil though other technical factors appeared equal Ive used little Minolta too like lot didnt consider Leitz Zeiss models because prices comment made ConsumerReports respect Bushnell compacts well several other makes Neck strap attached between tele scopes can tickle nose indeed does time thought simply especially ticklish nose Bob Meuser 4200 Gregory Street Oakland CA 94619 FF Old Timers/Haught continued page 50 models often helpful use permanent pins increase strength Larger standard pins available sewing shops can driven structure building board small tack hammer life expectancy old-timers indeed short fly-aways common thus models constructed provide extensive handling over long period Today models last much longer due refined trimming tech niques dethermalizer systems factor points out need some planking sheeting areas subject abrasion frequent handling planking should installed flush surrounding structure preserve original appearance additional strength rigidity goal may want consider some internal sheeting method provides great strength changing outward appearance way Dethermalizing DT places different load landing gears glide-in landing common old days Increasing landing gear wire size step advisable generous use gussets plywood landing gear attach ment area Wings also subjected DT negative loads no design consideration originally given sometimes leading structural failures Substituting larger wood sizes spruce balsa good precautions heavier dihedral braces common solution among model ers addition 3 4 small auxiliary spars upper surface wing between leading edge 30% chord line could subject challenge contest director modification turbulator spars tend increase lift hence glide performance question theory try trimming up towline glider straight hand glide calm air fixing some taught string turbulators place tape wing Try another hand glide watch glider tum away turbulated wing indicating increase lift modified wing word two about adhesives usually build white glues water soluable type glue works very well laminating wet damp wood new super glues OK joints perfect arent using cyanoacrylates wise brush coat white glue later safeguard often use little 5-minute epoxy speed up some assembly operations rely heavily some brands tend brittle lack good penetration wood fibres Build em light build em strong Clarence 1-laught Rt 5 Box 16 CouerdAlene ID 83814 102 Model Aviation Tatone Makes Easy Established 1956 Tatone has invented de signed over 300 specialized model airplane ac cessQries often imitated never equalled Watch new items 4 Tatone products available leading hobby shops See dealer first convenient R DIRECT Send SOC illustrated price information COD VISA MATFR CHARGE accented U] IJIDI KS] 4
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/09
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 101, 102
DURATION Bob Meuser HERES new Cat HL Glider Record early sixties Ron Wittman Lee Hines swapped record back forth few times days best single flight scored record stood 37 sec time Hines Wittman quit flying event has no further Cat record-quality flying west Continental Divide during 18 years have elapsed since scoring has since changed total best two flights counted score 1969 Dan Belieff Washington DC set record 788 sec stood nearly nine years Stoy boys Mike Stan developed flexible flapped trailing edge idea series Coots Stan set record 1088 sec see column Dec 75 Dec 77 Apr 78 Aug 78 extremely turbulent air sort stuff IHLG fliers try avoid completely understood process plausible glider able rectify equal upward downward gusts thereby extract energy Out airs motion Predictably caused large fuss Protests filed after deliberating issue FF Contest Board voted allow Stoys record stand December 1977 Stan Stoy made score 796 sec 08 sec over Belieffs former record what felt best interest sport withdrew 1088 sec record rules changed prohibit setting records turbulent air April 1978 Stoy upped previous record 820 sec February 1980 Mark Drela scored 937 sec model shown three-view Drelas model carries Coot concept bit further both big 21 span light 55 grams keep model light still ensure ample strength 90-mph launch Marc used carbon-fiber reinforcement basic features 65 lb C--grain t lb Cootsmall tail flexible flapsare retained Marcs story development Upstart glider fourth series original Upstart something threw together casually clean out scrap box 14 wingspan 40 sq wing area rather startled did 42 sec under 35-ft ceiling Since glider strong enough decided progressively increase wingspan until things started break Hence Upstarts II III IV Sure enough flight times increased progressively max times 430 448 474 sec respectively first used carbon fiber reinforcement Upstart II offset structural disadvantage very deep wing flaps character istic models carbon fuselage first used Upstart IV allows much lighter tail correspondingly lighter nose weight combination considerably reduces pitching moment-of-inertia As result Up start IV has much better climb-to-glide transi tion gliders comparable size will tolerate very steep launch angle conditions Glastonbury High School gym record set good heater ceiling created great deal turbulence up high middle gym Since Upstart IV very intolerant turbulence did flying near wall Another problem model underweight best flights transitioned 3 4 ft beneath 34 ft 11 ceiling Ballasting did seem work increased sink rate offset higher climb made effect launch attitude upon tran 46 Model Aviation Lt CIIC w4 tern rr rt Keith Morgan Fresno CA fires up big K&B-powered Class 0 ship has recently set couple national records Satellite design popular FF Gas model West Lea DeWitt entered unique mid-engine model Old-Timer Rubber-Power eventbut didnt plan way north end fuselage opened up allowing prop assembly go south rapidly sition critical Getting up courage throw favorite glider hard possible can difficult least vision shredded balsa falling slowly floor Having back-up models Upstarts II III knowing can also job tremendous help together judicious prodding Ray Harlan Leon Nault made possible let loose 100% arm tingled way home recent glider has 26 wingspan 76 sq wing area carbon fiber along nearly entire span carbon oriented resist torsion well bending Hm mm crisscrossed BM has lot potential havent tried under Category ceiling yet Mighty fine airfoil Last month presented airfoil section used models Peter Allnutt flew 1979 World Champs another Peter tell about Computer #9 best airfoil developed far felt things could still better Computer #10 airfoil designed same sort pressure dis tribution near front Computer #9 rear part designed have pressure distri bution like Schmitz-Wortman-Hack linger-designed Go-803 section seems best airfoil have used date super stable can flown breeze has very good still-air performance too Some observers judged Peter have slowestflying model World Champs Peter continues finished model #31 employed new Computer #10 airfoil just short time before World Champs intending use rounds air flat However after flying model extensively practice days realized best model flew throughout contest got coordinates both Computer #9 Computer #10 foils carefully measuring drawing fumished Peter coordinates Continued page 101 September 1980 47 Paul Stober flies 300 sq version record-setting Strongarm design 1/2A Gasthe popular event Bill Giffen 1/2A Maverick design St tne uoeing Hawks Power Bash Bills performance good enough 3rd place flyoft Bill Baker displays Stratowake converted electric power Astro Flight motor Although Electric FF official AMA event still too popular Larry Kruse photo FF Duration/Meuser continued page 47 therefore accurate usual ones presented accurate some 001% figures accurate 001% might inferred bad justify stopping at01% figures however far accurate can make template slice ribs plenty good enough binoculars eyeballs ticklish noses Although 1978-79 AMA rulebook mite confusingin place says kin another kaint use binocsthe fact binoculars can used timekeepers Outdoor AMA FAI free flight events hands modeler binocs serve useful model-retrieval aid Increasing numbers free fighters using perhaps time paid little attention selection use job would easy could simply recom mend particular brand model best free flight applications spout out some such simplistic statement get what pay doesnt work way what best Person necessarily best Person B simply throwing money binocular salesperson wont necessarily get better glass first step define problem What want use binoculars Are use timekeeper use expect use activities other model aviation such birdwatching girlwatching scuse personwatching Whatever use selection best binoculars will set compromises Mother Nature demands reasonable amount space cant possibly address applications other FF model aviation look elsewhere guidance might find lever-focusing glass ideal dual purpose birdwatch ing model aviation whereas solely FF applications lever-focus feature might merely innocuous redundancy intoler able pain neck wear glasses require correction astigmatism cylinder prism expect use binocs eyeglasses expect otherstimekeepersto use Are size weight considerations expect value under very low level lighting situations price consideration Although limited scopeit doesnt cover individual-focus zoom modelsthe March 1980 issue Consumer Reports has excellent article subject Before going very far discussion necessary define some technical terms used relation binoculars will see such specifications 6x30 6 power 30 diameter objective lensesthe ones away youexpressed millimeters 6-power magnification will make objects appear about one-sixth real distances away Field view tells width subject can see time Often field expressed say 622 ft 1000 yds Sometimes field expressed degrees seems preferable convert feet-yards business degrees multiply field width feet 191 divide distance yards nut meaningless precision divide field width feet distance yards divide 6 take inverse tangent double Exit-pupil diameter often called simply exit pupil diameter milimeters bundle light going eyepieces onto Winning Ideas FOURMOST FUEL MANIFOLD - ww ruec crue FUEL SHUT OFFSmall Fuel Fitting Set Manifold Provides ConvenientCan used Control FuelSize 10 PRICE 125 Method br Tank Filling Draining andFlow Starting1 Tee 2 Elbows 1 Pen Bladder Tee Priming tive Airborn Shutoff DPRICE 950PRICE 350 %ANDODSTRUT FAIRINGS Comes two 23 Lengths pitTwo Sizes coaming 10Large Fuel Fitting Set Size 1 IDPRICE 150 Packaged 2 Ft SizePRIC 2 lengths eitliAr size 2251 Tee 1 Elbow 1 union 1 Plug PRICE 1 9SIpkgeoih Made Frwi Fuel Proof Polyethyieeo Send SASE Complete Information Fuivi~i 4040 24th Ave Forest Grove OR 97116 PRODUCTS Phone 503 357-2732 SOUTHERN RIC FLIES AGAIN! / Model Merchant IS Southern RIC . Keeping alive top line R/C aircraft Currently being offered COMPENSATOR- 60BOOTLEGGER- 60 TIGER TAIL III- 60ALLEY KAT- 40 Sport EZ FLIER- 40 Trainer Order Direct MODEL MERCHANT 512 541-3867 554 E Fronton St Brownsville TX 78520 DEALER & DIsTRiBuTOR iNouiRIEs INViTED eyeballs simply diameter objective lenses divided magnification power 7x35 glass will have exit-pupil diameter 35/7 5 mm Note said onto eyeball iris eye less 5 mm case light coming eyepieces will get through irises onto retinas diameters irises greater 5 mm light will end up hitting retina image see would appear brighter exit pupil larger magnifying power lower objectives larger daylight viewing image bright ness produced tiniest compacts will sufficient dawn dusk 6x30 glass having exit pupil 5 mm will trick nicely wont aware loss brightness Under extremely low levels lighting youll need everything can get pupils will dilate diameter about 7 mm near darkness hence Navy-type 7x50 night glasses exitpupilof5O/7 71 mm So large objectives coupled low magnifying power can give brighter image under lowlight situations principle larger objectives can give sharper image simply dont So buying 6x50 would get absolutely nothing over 6x25 other twice size four times weight considerably expense whole idea behind binoculars present enlarged image subject easy believe greater enlargement better Dont believe Greater magnification means image will jiggle around holding binoculars hand power 7 generally regarded greatest magnification practical hand-held bi noculars might lot happier power 6 Furthermore field view increases power decreases can important trying find model sky 6-power glass has 17% wider field view normal eyepieces 7-power translates 36% increase area seen believe want wide field view should buy wide-angle superwide-angle binocs right Thats fine willing put up greater bulk either fuzzier image doubling price no way manufacturer can give same quality image wide-angle glass standard same price However must use eyeglasses prefer might able see clear edges field view anyhow image quality important Wide-angle binocs have bad-enough image quality center field often September 1980 101 / ', have extremely poor image quality edges sounds bad might quite satisfactory hand-holding things image jumping over place anyhow about zooms sounds great Find thing want look low magnification zoom higher power closer look Youll pay $30 zoomies equivalent conventional models Alas no way manufacturer can give same image quality zoomie can singlemagnification glass mere $30 magni fications optimum magnification again image quality important zoom feature isnt advertising hoopla wear eyeglasses might have problem have strong cylinder prism correction must wear eyeglasses using binocs correction merely nearsightedness farsightedness have choice whether remove eyeglasses using binoculars vision better 20/20 glasses Still prefer use occasions including Im using binoculars because see better However some binoculars accom modate themselves eyeglass users better others Nowadays binoculars supplied soft rubber eyecups roll back Out harms way using eyeglasses some dont eyeglasses might find cant see way edges field view especially true compact wide-angie binoculars Focusing olden times binoculars either center focusing individual focusing former term means knurled knob middle adjusts both eyepieces simulta neously also separate focusing mechanism eyepieces accommo date differences two eyes Individual focusing means eyepiece adjusted individually strangely enough intoler able nuisance watching birds at20 ft instant model planes 1000 ft next instant confound matter nowadays plagued variety quick-focusing mechanisms levers ratchet devices other wonderous things Consumer Reports testers didnt think much rapid-focus models model aviation purposes singleperson use should able focus things distant object once never have fuss again during entire life Anything less compromise So looking ease focusing rather looking absence ease de-focusing What did say Ed old Navy-type individual-focus binocs pretty good respect can find set local hock shop $40 particularly names Zeiss Leitz B L grab steer clear some immediately-post-war Japa nese copies some unbelievably bad far cry fine stuff often crank out nowadays Consumer Reports points out likely find substantial differences between individual examples same make model think likely apply less expensive brands some expensive ones perhaps wishful think ing event have opportunity try several before buy pretty much says dont buy discount source might tough pill Binocs can often purchased substantially lower prices companies advertise sporting photography maga zines dont get opportunity try before buy Finally Binocs bulky wont have you need arent worth lot However can put up weight bulk 7x35 wide-angle set might serve well extremely popular price relatively low Forty dollars can get lot Ive used quite few have yet find didnt like name-brand Navy binocs no longer seen often retail shelves marvels optical clarity ruggedness can see dark fool things dont expect much flying birdwatching dark put premium glass can carry pocket check Bushnell Custom Compacts 6x25 7x26 Nikon Compact 7x21 Consumer Reports tested ranked bunch binocs including examples Nikon Leitz Bushnell Minolta Zeiss Several years ago bought lower-power model two Bushnells tested preference Nikon also checked Out because Bushnells substantially greater field width exit pupil though other technical factors appeared equal Ive used little Minolta too like lot didnt consider Leitz Zeiss models because prices comment made ConsumerReports respect Bushnell compacts well several other makes Neck strap attached between tele scopes can tickle nose indeed does time thought simply especially ticklish nose Bob Meuser 4200 Gregory Street Oakland CA 94619 FF Old Timers/Haught continued page 50 models often helpful use permanent pins increase strength Larger standard pins available sewing shops can driven structure building board small tack hammer life expectancy old-timers indeed short fly-aways common thus models constructed provide extensive handling over long period Today models last much longer due refined trimming tech niques dethermalizer systems factor points out need some planking sheeting areas subject abrasion frequent handling planking should installed flush surrounding structure preserve original appearance additional strength rigidity goal may want consider some internal sheeting method provides great strength changing outward appearance way Dethermalizing DT places different load landing gears glide-in landing common old days Increasing landing gear wire size step advisable generous use gussets plywood landing gear attach ment area Wings also subjected DT negative loads no design consideration originally given sometimes leading structural failures Substituting larger wood sizes spruce balsa good precautions heavier dihedral braces common solution among model ers addition 3 4 small auxiliary spars upper surface wing between leading edge 30% chord line could subject challenge contest director modification turbulator spars tend increase lift hence glide performance question theory try trimming up towline glider straight hand glide calm air fixing some taught string turbulators place tape wing Try another hand glide watch glider tum away turbulated wing indicating increase lift modified wing word two about adhesives usually build white glues water soluable type glue works very well laminating wet damp wood new super glues OK joints perfect arent using cyanoacrylates wise brush coat white glue later safeguard often use little 5-minute epoxy speed up some assembly operations rely heavily some brands tend brittle lack good penetration wood fibres Build em light build em strong Clarence 1-laught Rt 5 Box 16 CouerdAlene ID 83814 102 Model Aviation Tatone Makes Easy Established 1956 Tatone has invented de signed over 300 specialized model airplane ac cessQries often imitated never equalled Watch new items 4 Tatone products available leading hobby shops See dealer first convenient R DIRECT Send SOC illustrated price information COD VISA MATFR CHARGE accented U] IJIDI KS] 4