Model Phhiogr* 03 U Dave GarwooI & Jim Haught second occasional series hints tips better model photographs Port May 1999 issue MODELS IN FLIGHT Q can get great in-flight shot airplane DG Start bright sunny day keep sun behind will light airplane its its own shadow will keep sun out pilots eyes Take good care pilot need him fly model precisely accurately pilot will set up pattern repeat giving photographer chance capture image Hell fly close enough allow filling frame airplane center interest requires skilled confident pilot makes sense have spotter too responsible keeping extra people away scene watching other model traffic Have exposure settings already made camera concentrate framing composing shot Since its difficult keep moving airplane focus use prefocusing setting focus preselected distance releasing shutter airplane reaches selected spot Choosing spot depends background want include exclude focus distance can measured previous pass model estimated set distance scale lens barrel pilot makes repeated passes youll get ideas improve shot relay pilot Critique photos after theyre processed use knowledge improve flying photography during next photo session JH Planning important element great shots rarely come about accident planning really begins sort preflight just would model Take few minutes carefully clean lenses check batteries load film carefully etc cuts down distractions/surprises want concentrating executing shot Survey area youll shooting best shooting angles best background will sun angle good various times during day What wind direction strength could affect traffic pattern models colors compare background patient work team project Pilot-photographer communication before during after shoot makes big difference between snapshot-quality stuff magazine-cover material EXPOSURE Q What elements correct film exposure UG Correct exposure means allowing right amount light reach film shutter open film type requires specific amount light optimally record image Film has property called latitude its tolerance underexposure overexposure its worthwhile take pains expose film correctly correct exposure captures details highlights shadows well main subject Overexposure blocks up detail underexposure fails capture detail September 1999 69 Left Lighting composition fine image airplane itself small Rich Loud photo Right Airplane closer recorded detail Placing airplane above horizon shows its outline clearly Garwood photo V X1 Black objects require strong light Twin shop lights reduce shadows Left Shadows attenuated tungsten light gives yellowish cast daylight film Right Flash bounced off ceiling softens fills shadows maintains color balance three values keep mind gauging exposure films sensitivity light film speed expressed its ISO rating lens aperture expressed inf-stop numbers shutter speed expressed fraction second shutter open interact mathematical relationship change must compensated changes another Think relationship among values like bucket being filled water faucet buckets capacity rating equivalent film speed rating big bucket takes water fill low ISO number takes light correctly expose film far faucet opened lens aperture twisting faucet open wide equivalent wide aperture opening long faucet open shutter speed long time faucet open long shutter speed want fill bucket capacity overfilling simulating getting enough light film expose correctly overexpose autoexposure camera film speed known light reflected subject measured meter camera aperture shutter speed values automatically set may have option set aperture shutter speed have camera calculate remaining value match-needle meter camera hand-held exposure meter lining up needles brings values balance Q camera can make correct exposure itself have think about relationships DG To give ourselves measure creative control stop blur moving subject show motion make accurate exposure under difficult lighting conditions backlit subject increase decrease depth field like want throw background out focus creative controls subject unto itself briefly fast shutter speed stop motion requires high ISO number anWor wide aperture Correctly exposing main subject sun setting behind photographing dark object light background requires increasing amount light strikes filmwith slower shutter speed wider aperture Throwing background out focus requires opening aperture must compensated using faster shutter speed JH To really capture image properlythe difference between snapshots almost anyone can get quality photographs 70 Model Aviation 41 Left With sun out front camera position airplane its own shadow Right Daves MFA High Sierra against simplified background blue sky blue water Paula Garwood photo 34~ Left Daves Great Planes Spirit against simple plain sky shown detail getting close exposure Right Although human subjects ideally lighted sunlight right illuminates clouds covering sailplane have able evaluate shooting conditions realize options limitations can what Ansel Adams called visualization use creative controls make things happen get image want instead just firing away hoping turn out okay FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY Q use flash DG theres enough ambient light correctly expose film need control over light can get outdoor lighting autoexposure cameras meter determines light level too low properly expose film thats loaded may lock shutter release fire cameras internal flash Plenty birthday party snapshots taken way manual camera light meter indicates shutter speed needed too long hand-hold camera 1/125 second mount camera tripod attach flash gun big advantage electronic flash stops motion cold camera motion subject motion disadvantage flash mounted camera gives unflattering lighting people subjects may create objectionable deep shadows static model subjects portrait studio problems overcome using multiple light sources often photographer seeks simulate cloudy-bright outdoor lighting considered flattering human subjects model shop multiple-source lighting can come banks fluorescent lamps few clamp-on incandescent lights gives good control over light shadow tends cause color shift may may objectionable final prints using normal daylight film color-balanced sunlight flourescent lighting gives bluish-greenish cast tungsten bulbs make yellow-orange shift Color-balanced photo lamps available may average modeler wants invest especially electronic flash cheap balanced daylight film Direct flash gives high contrast captures small details casts strong shadows Bounce flash flash output directed wall ceiling softens shadows gives up little fine details softens contrast light falls subject comes area rather point lates outdoor cloudy bright lighting conditions Youll need flash swivel head allows flash-guns light meter point toward subject flash gun light metering done flash unit cameras internal meter camera focal-plane shutter SLRs set shutter speed low enough shutter fully open flash fires otherwise both ends frame will unlighted cameras 1/60 second marked red shutter speed selector dial JH An aspect flash photography seems little-used model work outdoor fill flash can used fill shadows faces subject wears hat cantlwont take off instance Scale models flash can light up dark areas even-out exposure keeping details intact jet cockpit Photos Daves preferred equipment Minolta SRT-202 swivel-head Braun flash show problems use some consumer level digital cameras left image 300 dots-per-inch dpi 72 dpi image typical digital right September 1999 71 June 1999 cover shot outdoors fill flash midday wanted capture fine details model careful flash wouldnt flare off canopy aluminum covering another case flash can bounced off piece cardboard similar reflective material flash reflectors can used bounce sunlight onto areas need little help todays flash units have thyristors accurately measure flash-to-subject distance improve exposure accuracy some cases flash can operated TTL Through-The Lens amount light required proper flash exposure seen directly through place image will made instead external source DIGITAL Q Have guys started using digital cameras yet DG Ive used work teleconferencing snapshots wife has Kodak DC-SO clear advantages digital cameras elimination film capturing image computer-ready format main disadvantages work images moderately priced digital cameras detailed enough magazine submission considerable time takes get batch say 36 images out camera really expensive part digital cameras charge coupled device CCD captures image behind lens Small CCDs less-than-$ 1000 digital cameras fine computer screen display information density 640 x 480 pixels entire image Magazine printing requires information density available photographic film digital cameras slide scanned high-end equipment E-mail transmission magazine cover resulting digital file ran 12 MB Its tough store files large camera days shooting takes time get downloaded camera computerespecially compared ease unloading roll film digital cameras first came market thought needed Kodak/Nikon unit UPI photographers use cost $18000 Now after reading find what would work great Leica S-i cost $19500 Ill have wait development work raising information density towering price before switch digital hope its too long coming because itll fine leave film wet processing behind us Jil We have experimented digital cameras bit product shots Modelers Mall other low-end work Dave suggests primary problem digital cameras magazine work resolution least consumer end price scale Consumer-level digital cameras simply have resolution required images significant size fine Web work other small images often images order 72 dpi dots per inch use something order 300 dpi required currently available high-end high-price-tag equipment Dave mentioned above Wonderful stuff well out price range individuals modeling magazines point digital cameras VCRs about 25 years ago Film may go way Beta cassettes 8-track tapes will before happens Garwood 5 Birch Lane Scotia NY 12302 Jim Naught Model Aviation E-mailjhaught@modelaircraftorg V 72 Model Aviation Chovan launches inverted slope lift DAW FoamWult-1 90 photo like generally requires close communication between photographer pilot Shot 50mm normal lens Minolta SRT-201 manual camera
Edition: Model Aviation - 1999/09
Page Numbers: 69, 70, 71, 72
Model Phhiogr* 03 U Dave GarwooI & Jim Haught second occasional series hints tips better model photographs Port May 1999 issue MODELS IN FLIGHT Q can get great in-flight shot airplane DG Start bright sunny day keep sun behind will light airplane its its own shadow will keep sun out pilots eyes Take good care pilot need him fly model precisely accurately pilot will set up pattern repeat giving photographer chance capture image Hell fly close enough allow filling frame airplane center interest requires skilled confident pilot makes sense have spotter too responsible keeping extra people away scene watching other model traffic Have exposure settings already made camera concentrate framing composing shot Since its difficult keep moving airplane focus use prefocusing setting focus preselected distance releasing shutter airplane reaches selected spot Choosing spot depends background want include exclude focus distance can measured previous pass model estimated set distance scale lens barrel pilot makes repeated passes youll get ideas improve shot relay pilot Critique photos after theyre processed use knowledge improve flying photography during next photo session JH Planning important element great shots rarely come about accident planning really begins sort preflight just would model Take few minutes carefully clean lenses check batteries load film carefully etc cuts down distractions/surprises want concentrating executing shot Survey area youll shooting best shooting angles best background will sun angle good various times during day What wind direction strength could affect traffic pattern models colors compare background patient work team project Pilot-photographer communication before during after shoot makes big difference between snapshot-quality stuff magazine-cover material EXPOSURE Q What elements correct film exposure UG Correct exposure means allowing right amount light reach film shutter open film type requires specific amount light optimally record image Film has property called latitude its tolerance underexposure overexposure its worthwhile take pains expose film correctly correct exposure captures details highlights shadows well main subject Overexposure blocks up detail underexposure fails capture detail September 1999 69 Left Lighting composition fine image airplane itself small Rich Loud photo Right Airplane closer recorded detail Placing airplane above horizon shows its outline clearly Garwood photo V X1 Black objects require strong light Twin shop lights reduce shadows Left Shadows attenuated tungsten light gives yellowish cast daylight film Right Flash bounced off ceiling softens fills shadows maintains color balance three values keep mind gauging exposure films sensitivity light film speed expressed its ISO rating lens aperture expressed inf-stop numbers shutter speed expressed fraction second shutter open interact mathematical relationship change must compensated changes another Think relationship among values like bucket being filled water faucet buckets capacity rating equivalent film speed rating big bucket takes water fill low ISO number takes light correctly expose film far faucet opened lens aperture twisting faucet open wide equivalent wide aperture opening long faucet open shutter speed long time faucet open long shutter speed want fill bucket capacity overfilling simulating getting enough light film expose correctly overexpose autoexposure camera film speed known light reflected subject measured meter camera aperture shutter speed values automatically set may have option set aperture shutter speed have camera calculate remaining value match-needle meter camera hand-held exposure meter lining up needles brings values balance Q camera can make correct exposure itself have think about relationships DG To give ourselves measure creative control stop blur moving subject show motion make accurate exposure under difficult lighting conditions backlit subject increase decrease depth field like want throw background out focus creative controls subject unto itself briefly fast shutter speed stop motion requires high ISO number anWor wide aperture Correctly exposing main subject sun setting behind photographing dark object light background requires increasing amount light strikes filmwith slower shutter speed wider aperture Throwing background out focus requires opening aperture must compensated using faster shutter speed JH To really capture image properlythe difference between snapshots almost anyone can get quality photographs 70 Model Aviation 41 Left With sun out front camera position airplane its own shadow Right Daves MFA High Sierra against simplified background blue sky blue water Paula Garwood photo 34~ Left Daves Great Planes Spirit against simple plain sky shown detail getting close exposure Right Although human subjects ideally lighted sunlight right illuminates clouds covering sailplane have able evaluate shooting conditions realize options limitations can what Ansel Adams called visualization use creative controls make things happen get image want instead just firing away hoping turn out okay FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY Q use flash DG theres enough ambient light correctly expose film need control over light can get outdoor lighting autoexposure cameras meter determines light level too low properly expose film thats loaded may lock shutter release fire cameras internal flash Plenty birthday party snapshots taken way manual camera light meter indicates shutter speed needed too long hand-hold camera 1/125 second mount camera tripod attach flash gun big advantage electronic flash stops motion cold camera motion subject motion disadvantage flash mounted camera gives unflattering lighting people subjects may create objectionable deep shadows static model subjects portrait studio problems overcome using multiple light sources often photographer seeks simulate cloudy-bright outdoor lighting considered flattering human subjects model shop multiple-source lighting can come banks fluorescent lamps few clamp-on incandescent lights gives good control over light shadow tends cause color shift may may objectionable final prints using normal daylight film color-balanced sunlight flourescent lighting gives bluish-greenish cast tungsten bulbs make yellow-orange shift Color-balanced photo lamps available may average modeler wants invest especially electronic flash cheap balanced daylight film Direct flash gives high contrast captures small details casts strong shadows Bounce flash flash output directed wall ceiling softens shadows gives up little fine details softens contrast light falls subject comes area rather point lates outdoor cloudy bright lighting conditions Youll need flash swivel head allows flash-guns light meter point toward subject flash gun light metering done flash unit cameras internal meter camera focal-plane shutter SLRs set shutter speed low enough shutter fully open flash fires otherwise both ends frame will unlighted cameras 1/60 second marked red shutter speed selector dial JH An aspect flash photography seems little-used model work outdoor fill flash can used fill shadows faces subject wears hat cantlwont take off instance Scale models flash can light up dark areas even-out exposure keeping details intact jet cockpit Photos Daves preferred equipment Minolta SRT-202 swivel-head Braun flash show problems use some consumer level digital cameras left image 300 dots-per-inch dpi 72 dpi image typical digital right September 1999 71 June 1999 cover shot outdoors fill flash midday wanted capture fine details model careful flash wouldnt flare off canopy aluminum covering another case flash can bounced off piece cardboard similar reflective material flash reflectors can used bounce sunlight onto areas need little help todays flash units have thyristors accurately measure flash-to-subject distance improve exposure accuracy some cases flash can operated TTL Through-The Lens amount light required proper flash exposure seen directly through place image will made instead external source DIGITAL Q Have guys started using digital cameras yet DG Ive used work teleconferencing snapshots wife has Kodak DC-SO clear advantages digital cameras elimination film capturing image computer-ready format main disadvantages work images moderately priced digital cameras detailed enough magazine submission considerable time takes get batch say 36 images out camera really expensive part digital cameras charge coupled device CCD captures image behind lens Small CCDs less-than-$ 1000 digital cameras fine computer screen display information density 640 x 480 pixels entire image Magazine printing requires information density available photographic film digital cameras slide scanned high-end equipment E-mail transmission magazine cover resulting digital file ran 12 MB Its tough store files large camera days shooting takes time get downloaded camera computerespecially compared ease unloading roll film digital cameras first came market thought needed Kodak/Nikon unit UPI photographers use cost $18000 Now after reading find what would work great Leica S-i cost $19500 Ill have wait development work raising information density towering price before switch digital hope its too long coming because itll fine leave film wet processing behind us Jil We have experimented digital cameras bit product shots Modelers Mall other low-end work Dave suggests primary problem digital cameras magazine work resolution least consumer end price scale Consumer-level digital cameras simply have resolution required images significant size fine Web work other small images often images order 72 dpi dots per inch use something order 300 dpi required currently available high-end high-price-tag equipment Dave mentioned above Wonderful stuff well out price range individuals modeling magazines point digital cameras VCRs about 25 years ago Film may go way Beta cassettes 8-track tapes will before happens Garwood 5 Birch Lane Scotia NY 12302 Jim Naught Model Aviation E-mailjhaught@modelaircraftorg V 72 Model Aviation Chovan launches inverted slope lift DAW FoamWult-1 90 photo like generally requires close communication between photographer pilot Shot 50mm normal lens Minolta SRT-201 manual camera
Edition: Model Aviation - 1999/09
Page Numbers: 69, 70, 71, 72
Model Phhiogr* 03 U Dave GarwooI & Jim Haught second occasional series hints tips better model photographs Port May 1999 issue MODELS IN FLIGHT Q can get great in-flight shot airplane DG Start bright sunny day keep sun behind will light airplane its its own shadow will keep sun out pilots eyes Take good care pilot need him fly model precisely accurately pilot will set up pattern repeat giving photographer chance capture image Hell fly close enough allow filling frame airplane center interest requires skilled confident pilot makes sense have spotter too responsible keeping extra people away scene watching other model traffic Have exposure settings already made camera concentrate framing composing shot Since its difficult keep moving airplane focus use prefocusing setting focus preselected distance releasing shutter airplane reaches selected spot Choosing spot depends background want include exclude focus distance can measured previous pass model estimated set distance scale lens barrel pilot makes repeated passes youll get ideas improve shot relay pilot Critique photos after theyre processed use knowledge improve flying photography during next photo session JH Planning important element great shots rarely come about accident planning really begins sort preflight just would model Take few minutes carefully clean lenses check batteries load film carefully etc cuts down distractions/surprises want concentrating executing shot Survey area youll shooting best shooting angles best background will sun angle good various times during day What wind direction strength could affect traffic pattern models colors compare background patient work team project Pilot-photographer communication before during after shoot makes big difference between snapshot-quality stuff magazine-cover material EXPOSURE Q What elements correct film exposure UG Correct exposure means allowing right amount light reach film shutter open film type requires specific amount light optimally record image Film has property called latitude its tolerance underexposure overexposure its worthwhile take pains expose film correctly correct exposure captures details highlights shadows well main subject Overexposure blocks up detail underexposure fails capture detail September 1999 69 Left Lighting composition fine image airplane itself small Rich Loud photo Right Airplane closer recorded detail Placing airplane above horizon shows its outline clearly Garwood photo V X1 Black objects require strong light Twin shop lights reduce shadows Left Shadows attenuated tungsten light gives yellowish cast daylight film Right Flash bounced off ceiling softens fills shadows maintains color balance three values keep mind gauging exposure films sensitivity light film speed expressed its ISO rating lens aperture expressed inf-stop numbers shutter speed expressed fraction second shutter open interact mathematical relationship change must compensated changes another Think relationship among values like bucket being filled water faucet buckets capacity rating equivalent film speed rating big bucket takes water fill low ISO number takes light correctly expose film far faucet opened lens aperture twisting faucet open wide equivalent wide aperture opening long faucet open shutter speed long time faucet open long shutter speed want fill bucket capacity overfilling simulating getting enough light film expose correctly overexpose autoexposure camera film speed known light reflected subject measured meter camera aperture shutter speed values automatically set may have option set aperture shutter speed have camera calculate remaining value match-needle meter camera hand-held exposure meter lining up needles brings values balance Q camera can make correct exposure itself have think about relationships DG To give ourselves measure creative control stop blur moving subject show motion make accurate exposure under difficult lighting conditions backlit subject increase decrease depth field like want throw background out focus creative controls subject unto itself briefly fast shutter speed stop motion requires high ISO number anWor wide aperture Correctly exposing main subject sun setting behind photographing dark object light background requires increasing amount light strikes filmwith slower shutter speed wider aperture Throwing background out focus requires opening aperture must compensated using faster shutter speed JH To really capture image properlythe difference between snapshots almost anyone can get quality photographs 70 Model Aviation 41 Left With sun out front camera position airplane its own shadow Right Daves MFA High Sierra against simplified background blue sky blue water Paula Garwood photo 34~ Left Daves Great Planes Spirit against simple plain sky shown detail getting close exposure Right Although human subjects ideally lighted sunlight right illuminates clouds covering sailplane have able evaluate shooting conditions realize options limitations can what Ansel Adams called visualization use creative controls make things happen get image want instead just firing away hoping turn out okay FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY Q use flash DG theres enough ambient light correctly expose film need control over light can get outdoor lighting autoexposure cameras meter determines light level too low properly expose film thats loaded may lock shutter release fire cameras internal flash Plenty birthday party snapshots taken way manual camera light meter indicates shutter speed needed too long hand-hold camera 1/125 second mount camera tripod attach flash gun big advantage electronic flash stops motion cold camera motion subject motion disadvantage flash mounted camera gives unflattering lighting people subjects may create objectionable deep shadows static model subjects portrait studio problems overcome using multiple light sources often photographer seeks simulate cloudy-bright outdoor lighting considered flattering human subjects model shop multiple-source lighting can come banks fluorescent lamps few clamp-on incandescent lights gives good control over light shadow tends cause color shift may may objectionable final prints using normal daylight film color-balanced sunlight flourescent lighting gives bluish-greenish cast tungsten bulbs make yellow-orange shift Color-balanced photo lamps available may average modeler wants invest especially electronic flash cheap balanced daylight film Direct flash gives high contrast captures small details casts strong shadows Bounce flash flash output directed wall ceiling softens shadows gives up little fine details softens contrast light falls subject comes area rather point lates outdoor cloudy bright lighting conditions Youll need flash swivel head allows flash-guns light meter point toward subject flash gun light metering done flash unit cameras internal meter camera focal-plane shutter SLRs set shutter speed low enough shutter fully open flash fires otherwise both ends frame will unlighted cameras 1/60 second marked red shutter speed selector dial JH An aspect flash photography seems little-used model work outdoor fill flash can used fill shadows faces subject wears hat cantlwont take off instance Scale models flash can light up dark areas even-out exposure keeping details intact jet cockpit Photos Daves preferred equipment Minolta SRT-202 swivel-head Braun flash show problems use some consumer level digital cameras left image 300 dots-per-inch dpi 72 dpi image typical digital right September 1999 71 June 1999 cover shot outdoors fill flash midday wanted capture fine details model careful flash wouldnt flare off canopy aluminum covering another case flash can bounced off piece cardboard similar reflective material flash reflectors can used bounce sunlight onto areas need little help todays flash units have thyristors accurately measure flash-to-subject distance improve exposure accuracy some cases flash can operated TTL Through-The Lens amount light required proper flash exposure seen directly through place image will made instead external source DIGITAL Q Have guys started using digital cameras yet DG Ive used work teleconferencing snapshots wife has Kodak DC-SO clear advantages digital cameras elimination film capturing image computer-ready format main disadvantages work images moderately priced digital cameras detailed enough magazine submission considerable time takes get batch say 36 images out camera really expensive part digital cameras charge coupled device CCD captures image behind lens Small CCDs less-than-$ 1000 digital cameras fine computer screen display information density 640 x 480 pixels entire image Magazine printing requires information density available photographic film digital cameras slide scanned high-end equipment E-mail transmission magazine cover resulting digital file ran 12 MB Its tough store files large camera days shooting takes time get downloaded camera computerespecially compared ease unloading roll film digital cameras first came market thought needed Kodak/Nikon unit UPI photographers use cost $18000 Now after reading find what would work great Leica S-i cost $19500 Ill have wait development work raising information density towering price before switch digital hope its too long coming because itll fine leave film wet processing behind us Jil We have experimented digital cameras bit product shots Modelers Mall other low-end work Dave suggests primary problem digital cameras magazine work resolution least consumer end price scale Consumer-level digital cameras simply have resolution required images significant size fine Web work other small images often images order 72 dpi dots per inch use something order 300 dpi required currently available high-end high-price-tag equipment Dave mentioned above Wonderful stuff well out price range individuals modeling magazines point digital cameras VCRs about 25 years ago Film may go way Beta cassettes 8-track tapes will before happens Garwood 5 Birch Lane Scotia NY 12302 Jim Naught Model Aviation E-mailjhaught@modelaircraftorg V 72 Model Aviation Chovan launches inverted slope lift DAW FoamWult-1 90 photo like generally requires close communication between photographer pilot Shot 50mm normal lens Minolta SRT-201 manual camera
Edition: Model Aviation - 1999/09
Page Numbers: 69, 70, 71, 72
Model Phhiogr* 03 U Dave GarwooI & Jim Haught second occasional series hints tips better model photographs Port May 1999 issue MODELS IN FLIGHT Q can get great in-flight shot airplane DG Start bright sunny day keep sun behind will light airplane its its own shadow will keep sun out pilots eyes Take good care pilot need him fly model precisely accurately pilot will set up pattern repeat giving photographer chance capture image Hell fly close enough allow filling frame airplane center interest requires skilled confident pilot makes sense have spotter too responsible keeping extra people away scene watching other model traffic Have exposure settings already made camera concentrate framing composing shot Since its difficult keep moving airplane focus use prefocusing setting focus preselected distance releasing shutter airplane reaches selected spot Choosing spot depends background want include exclude focus distance can measured previous pass model estimated set distance scale lens barrel pilot makes repeated passes youll get ideas improve shot relay pilot Critique photos after theyre processed use knowledge improve flying photography during next photo session JH Planning important element great shots rarely come about accident planning really begins sort preflight just would model Take few minutes carefully clean lenses check batteries load film carefully etc cuts down distractions/surprises want concentrating executing shot Survey area youll shooting best shooting angles best background will sun angle good various times during day What wind direction strength could affect traffic pattern models colors compare background patient work team project Pilot-photographer communication before during after shoot makes big difference between snapshot-quality stuff magazine-cover material EXPOSURE Q What elements correct film exposure UG Correct exposure means allowing right amount light reach film shutter open film type requires specific amount light optimally record image Film has property called latitude its tolerance underexposure overexposure its worthwhile take pains expose film correctly correct exposure captures details highlights shadows well main subject Overexposure blocks up detail underexposure fails capture detail September 1999 69 Left Lighting composition fine image airplane itself small Rich Loud photo Right Airplane closer recorded detail Placing airplane above horizon shows its outline clearly Garwood photo V X1 Black objects require strong light Twin shop lights reduce shadows Left Shadows attenuated tungsten light gives yellowish cast daylight film Right Flash bounced off ceiling softens fills shadows maintains color balance three values keep mind gauging exposure films sensitivity light film speed expressed its ISO rating lens aperture expressed inf-stop numbers shutter speed expressed fraction second shutter open interact mathematical relationship change must compensated changes another Think relationship among values like bucket being filled water faucet buckets capacity rating equivalent film speed rating big bucket takes water fill low ISO number takes light correctly expose film far faucet opened lens aperture twisting faucet open wide equivalent wide aperture opening long faucet open shutter speed long time faucet open long shutter speed want fill bucket capacity overfilling simulating getting enough light film expose correctly overexpose autoexposure camera film speed known light reflected subject measured meter camera aperture shutter speed values automatically set may have option set aperture shutter speed have camera calculate remaining value match-needle meter camera hand-held exposure meter lining up needles brings values balance Q camera can make correct exposure itself have think about relationships DG To give ourselves measure creative control stop blur moving subject show motion make accurate exposure under difficult lighting conditions backlit subject increase decrease depth field like want throw background out focus creative controls subject unto itself briefly fast shutter speed stop motion requires high ISO number anWor wide aperture Correctly exposing main subject sun setting behind photographing dark object light background requires increasing amount light strikes filmwith slower shutter speed wider aperture Throwing background out focus requires opening aperture must compensated using faster shutter speed JH To really capture image properlythe difference between snapshots almost anyone can get quality photographs 70 Model Aviation 41 Left With sun out front camera position airplane its own shadow Right Daves MFA High Sierra against simplified background blue sky blue water Paula Garwood photo 34~ Left Daves Great Planes Spirit against simple plain sky shown detail getting close exposure Right Although human subjects ideally lighted sunlight right illuminates clouds covering sailplane have able evaluate shooting conditions realize options limitations can what Ansel Adams called visualization use creative controls make things happen get image want instead just firing away hoping turn out okay FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY Q use flash DG theres enough ambient light correctly expose film need control over light can get outdoor lighting autoexposure cameras meter determines light level too low properly expose film thats loaded may lock shutter release fire cameras internal flash Plenty birthday party snapshots taken way manual camera light meter indicates shutter speed needed too long hand-hold camera 1/125 second mount camera tripod attach flash gun big advantage electronic flash stops motion cold camera motion subject motion disadvantage flash mounted camera gives unflattering lighting people subjects may create objectionable deep shadows static model subjects portrait studio problems overcome using multiple light sources often photographer seeks simulate cloudy-bright outdoor lighting considered flattering human subjects model shop multiple-source lighting can come banks fluorescent lamps few clamp-on incandescent lights gives good control over light shadow tends cause color shift may may objectionable final prints using normal daylight film color-balanced sunlight flourescent lighting gives bluish-greenish cast tungsten bulbs make yellow-orange shift Color-balanced photo lamps available may average modeler wants invest especially electronic flash cheap balanced daylight film Direct flash gives high contrast captures small details casts strong shadows Bounce flash flash output directed wall ceiling softens shadows gives up little fine details softens contrast light falls subject comes area rather point lates outdoor cloudy bright lighting conditions Youll need flash swivel head allows flash-guns light meter point toward subject flash gun light metering done flash unit cameras internal meter camera focal-plane shutter SLRs set shutter speed low enough shutter fully open flash fires otherwise both ends frame will unlighted cameras 1/60 second marked red shutter speed selector dial JH An aspect flash photography seems little-used model work outdoor fill flash can used fill shadows faces subject wears hat cantlwont take off instance Scale models flash can light up dark areas even-out exposure keeping details intact jet cockpit Photos Daves preferred equipment Minolta SRT-202 swivel-head Braun flash show problems use some consumer level digital cameras left image 300 dots-per-inch dpi 72 dpi image typical digital right September 1999 71 June 1999 cover shot outdoors fill flash midday wanted capture fine details model careful flash wouldnt flare off canopy aluminum covering another case flash can bounced off piece cardboard similar reflective material flash reflectors can used bounce sunlight onto areas need little help todays flash units have thyristors accurately measure flash-to-subject distance improve exposure accuracy some cases flash can operated TTL Through-The Lens amount light required proper flash exposure seen directly through place image will made instead external source DIGITAL Q Have guys started using digital cameras yet DG Ive used work teleconferencing snapshots wife has Kodak DC-SO clear advantages digital cameras elimination film capturing image computer-ready format main disadvantages work images moderately priced digital cameras detailed enough magazine submission considerable time takes get batch say 36 images out camera really expensive part digital cameras charge coupled device CCD captures image behind lens Small CCDs less-than-$ 1000 digital cameras fine computer screen display information density 640 x 480 pixels entire image Magazine printing requires information density available photographic film digital cameras slide scanned high-end equipment E-mail transmission magazine cover resulting digital file ran 12 MB Its tough store files large camera days shooting takes time get downloaded camera computerespecially compared ease unloading roll film digital cameras first came market thought needed Kodak/Nikon unit UPI photographers use cost $18000 Now after reading find what would work great Leica S-i cost $19500 Ill have wait development work raising information density towering price before switch digital hope its too long coming because itll fine leave film wet processing behind us Jil We have experimented digital cameras bit product shots Modelers Mall other low-end work Dave suggests primary problem digital cameras magazine work resolution least consumer end price scale Consumer-level digital cameras simply have resolution required images significant size fine Web work other small images often images order 72 dpi dots per inch use something order 300 dpi required currently available high-end high-price-tag equipment Dave mentioned above Wonderful stuff well out price range individuals modeling magazines point digital cameras VCRs about 25 years ago Film may go way Beta cassettes 8-track tapes will before happens Garwood 5 Birch Lane Scotia NY 12302 Jim Naught Model Aviation E-mailjhaught@modelaircraftorg V 72 Model Aviation Chovan launches inverted slope lift DAW FoamWult-1 90 photo like generally requires close communication between photographer pilot Shot 50mm normal lens Minolta SRT-201 manual camera