WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 46, 47, 48, 49, 101, 102, 103
WHILE 1976 will linger memories almost everyone year bi centennial celebration birth great nation few will also remember Year Pennyplane Pen nyplane Novice Pennyplane events re ceived official AMA status January last year went National Rec ord status both events three age classifications three indoor ceilingheight categories 18 records bad event didnt go laborious route through Provisional Supplemental status first So What heck Pennyplane ask things people perhaps nuthin nobody depends point view diversion serious FF CL RC competition activities step ping stone along path toward real thing indoor microfilm-covered models next step up AMA Delta Dart Sig Thermal Dart build-it-tonight fly-it-tomorrow quickee demanding worthy end itself capable ab sorbing whatever amount time skill willing able put Yes complete rules published rules book well mention key features Basically Pennyplane rub ber-powered indoor stick model having maximum wingspan length 18 ches minimum weight 31 grams curious coincidence aver age weight US penny Novice Pennyplane has further restrictions aimed minimizing advantage experi enced modeler has over beginner simplest Pennyplanes built mill-run materials flown 25-footceiling school gym can achieve flights 3 5 mm havent before doing can thrilling re warding experience itself up flights greater duration mainly matter choosing simple proved design such presented making deliver its full potential fine tuning Tricky modelsbiplanes tandems models having super-wide chords come later after have joined 12minute club Pennyplane presented held Category III Open record flight 14562 bit better anyone managed five years event existed unofficial event monoplane although better times have posted biplane tandemwing model Editors Note article submitted author held record prior publication new rec ord 15245 established John P 46 Model Aviation model left set national record Pennyplane class since broken Kukons bipel model right using smaller prop built restrictive Novice rules Fl 1 2 3 Wing socket installation 1 Glue tissue tube over end balsa dowel 2 Drill two holes motor tube twirling drill between finger tipsenlarge fit dowel using round file 3 Glue dowels place Insert sticks tissue tubes temporarily aid alignment Kukon flying biplane tandem ever MA selected Meuser design because record holder because outstanding monoplane recognized biplane gave indication having superior potential record questwhich since borne out Kukon flight Since Pennyplane biplane requires expert handlingit highly demandingNo-Non-Cents re mains meritorious design record flight made models first outing under average-orworse conditions subsequent outing everything imaginable went wrong made three flights over 13 mm poor tune Novice Pennyplane version narrow chord small stab 12-in prop solid motorstickhas flown occasion low-ceiling site shows indication being capable flights nearly long its big brother Before close book grumble something about experts. let point out models shown third fourth indoor models sort first two rather miserable failures am expert because bumbled good design $ffTT6i7i271 Front motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Bevel end tube rein forcement 3 Glue cap Onto end 4 Trim end cap flush tube ~I472 q%4 c1LLLk/ 3U11 2 Rear motor tube 1 Glue vertical reinforcement motor tube 2 Glue wire hook over motor tube 3 Glue gusset between hook tube 4 Glue tail boom motor tube because expertise comes quickly Pen nyplanes Construction Im going put us through complete Glue part part B routine Ill assume have built few models some sort can follow plan Ill pass along few tips however might ease transition form Indoor modeling Several complete references Indoor modeling listed end article Selected Sig Contest Balsa about 55 6 lb per cu ft density about right almost everything Wing posts prop spars should little heavier prop blades bit lighter job will go faster use special indoor wood sizes See list suppliers end article cringe thought making forms bending strips squaredContinued page 101 June 1977 47 Rn interesting study relationship prop rubber length span sizes 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram 12-in. 7 gram dont have Indoor expert fly Pennyplane states Bob record model fourth project Required minimum weight 31 grams maximum length span 18 Weight same penny /rm / / / DIHEDRAL BREAKS ONAL PENNY PLANE 031 TAPERED TO 040 1jNOVICE PR STAB Q PENNYPLANE Bi NOVICE PR - PENNYPLANE STAB 48 Model Aviation RUDDER 060 SQ 1~ iTIP015 ROOT 025 / / K / U / / i K UNIFORM PITCH PROP BLADE FORM %4ID FOR 5NOVICE RP K/I / i/~j 1 fl/Ill p7 DIA 020 PAPERWIRE TUBE BOB MEU ERS NO NON-CENTS NATIONAL RECORD PENNYPLANE 150 --5TO6DIA - ALTERNATIVE BLADE FORMING TISSUE TUBE GLUED TO BALSA PEG THROUGH MOTOR TUBE FOR NOVICE PR GLUE TO SIDE OF STICK I Ia 4-4-H--10 THRUST BRGIII C I ~NG INS PROP SHAFT xv 020 WIRE H NOVICE PR STICK x 16 BOOM x-i 16 16 TAPERED TO 16 I xBRACES 32 16 FRONT AND REAR Ii2 3 50% II 5 loP - VIEW SIDE VIEW 1 R6M76 June1977 49 feel market left strong impression C02 demand So deserve mention last piece super outfits Brand Microprop Pro Variomodul least confusing has appearance being advanced modular concepts also highest priced new genera tion Multi Plex Pro FM7 similarly represents enormous investment chasing what can regarded extreme top end market well already mentioned Varioprop Simprop etc bracket 600 850 dollars time buys Thats question No- Non-Cents/Meuser continued page 47 off wing tips indicated Rudder stab outlines could squared off too course However would strongly urge take trouble make rounded tips stiffer less prone warping although Id hard put prove think fly better Its easy Make form heavy il lustration board obtainable art supply stores Soak strips water 10 min utes bend strip around form holding under slight tension Secure ends place masking tape cook oven 140 degrees 3 hours solid motor stick Novice Pen nyplane version turned out lighter rolled tube motor stick Pen nyplane isnt quite stiff cer tainly seems adequate So rolling balsa tubes isnt cup tea have some very light balsa means use solid stick Pennyplane course must use solid stick Novice Pennyplane model uses down-thrust sidethrust double thrust bearing essen tial thrust bearing shown bit dif ficult make works beautifully similar can purchased Ray Harlan See list suppliers end article Since rubber motors used models might twice length motor stick tend knot up rather severely large distance prop shaft motor stick therefore essential distance nearly inch would have better thrust bearing isnt deep glue sliver balsa between thrust bearing motor stick Taper sliver get correct down-thrust angle Indoor experts dont always feel comfortable few turns glue-saturated thread wrapped around thrust bearing motor stick Note rear hook has upward projection rear prevent motor falling off completely unwinds flight Some experts claim motor unwinds completely model isnt correctly tuned flight time will good doesnt matter / plugs improved last longer under high stress conditions best now better Fusite has improved its GloBee racing plugs de veloping new alloy almost twice strong 20000 F alloy used its original spiral glow element Ad vanced glass technology refined pro duction techniques have combined new alloy greater plug con sistency under difficult contest conditions racing plug Because racing makes toughest demands plug per formance Fusite has concentrated model other plug models have benefitted attention special interest flyers fact GloBee plugs have absolute leakproof seala hermetic* bond between glass metal pin plug body Other * Patent anolied motor falls off flight voided Incorrectly tuned models motors unwind completely air have won contests occasionally properly tuned model will unwind com pletely because caught thermal Make rear hook shown Viewed rear back part prop shaft bent S-shape kind hook easy make simply bend S-curve wire very first step can done roundnose pliers pair small nails held vise type hook seems keep rubber motor centered quite well round tapered sticks prop blades mounted might seem dif ficult make arent Tape full glow plug manufacturers employ organic fiber gaskets depend mechanical pressure sealing tend oxidize during engine operation subsequently leak GloBees permanent glass-tometal bond affords positive protection against plug seal blowouts lost compres sion resultant burned-up engines make best better Because nothing too good champion ship line winners fly GbBees Because GloBee plugs put sting engine w sheet 180-grit emery paper work board another large sanding block Sand off corners piece medium-soft i/s sq balsa holding balsa piece sand between two sheets emery paper using di agonal circular motion stick will come out perfectly round after few strokes same trick used making round wing posts Tapering ends prop arm done after getting round tilting sanding block Tissue tubes used prop hub wing-post sockets motor stick 2-inch strip tissue cut about half-inch wider length finished tube rolled onto piece Continued page 102 June1977 101 DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 6000 Fernvisw Ave Cincinnati Ohio 45212 Continued page 101 smooth clean music wire right di ameter tissue saturated cellulose-type model airplane cement outside will dry quickly side still soft twist free music wire push off end After dries thoroughly cut tube length discard ing uneven parts ends procedure doesnt work first try again Suddenly will find yourself making perfect tubes will wonder much difficulty first couple tries prop blades round balsa arms assembled before arms inserted tissue-tube prop hub some props have cut slot blade glued tapered arm slot Thats too much work recently simply glue blade onto arm arm back bottom blade prop blades sanded flat sheet stock 1/32 sheet stuff use sufficently light wood can obtained thickness usually sand down 1/16 3/32 stock because light quarter-grain wood need seems available sizes sand ing sheet thickness use piece sandpaper taped work-board prevent balsa sheet sliding use large balsa sanding block least 3 X 8 3/ thick use fine sandpaper except few finishing strokes Use 120-grit paper sanding press down fin ished thickness about 015 tip 025 030 root blade completed 16-in prop should weigh about 1 gram much lighter blades will probably too flexible 12-in prop should weigh no less about 07 grams havent built several Pennyplanes before strongly suggest use prop no larger 12 inches di ameter pitch no 20 inches first prop will probably bit bummer anyhow dont spend lot time making consider expend able much easier trim tune model such prop much larger prop first contest everybody showed up huge props influenced Dennis Jaecks Nats winners end day everyone including winner chopped prop down around 12-in diameter have qualified Ten Minute Pennyplane Club 12-in prop try larger will much happier Covering materials Pennyplanes having wide chords large rather heavy props covering material must pretty light Condenser paper Micro-Lite shudder microfilm candidate materi als anyone has used microfilm before thick microfilm best choice Once get hang using it far easier use either condenser paper Micro-Lite least what local mike freaks tell inasmuch have always found condenser paper Micro-Lite extremely difficult work can believe other hand others have talked cant understand should have trouble materials Aluminized chrome silver whatever Micro-Lite difficult work expensive plain stuff Static charges make want roll itself soda straw configuration have tried number home-brew concoctions dilute rubber cement infinite varie tiesbut find Micro-X Condenser Paper Cement best Micro-Lite also works well condenser paper strangely enough Others report good success various spray-can adhesives such 3-M Spray Ment Condenser paper easier use Micro-Lite feel bad news model must survive humidity changes Some modelers say best seal wood first dope before applying condenser-paper cement means use colored dope did record model Oh colored dope works per fectly well used simply because thing spray can big problem using colored dope sealer explaining built model out red balsa wood very last step assembly proce dure gluing wing-post sockets motor stick stage tail surfaces have assembled glued boom Install prop loop rubber dummy weight equal weight rubber motorabout 3 gramsmidway between motor hooks Determine balance point com bination Install wing-post sockets equal distances either side bal ance point positioning wing posts will affect twist wing tilt stabilizer Contrary current practice models rigged no wing wash no stab tilt error would err toward side conven tional practice wash-in leading edge up left wing left stab tip high few slivers balsa tucked minor repositioning wing braces will set things right Flying Start 1oop rubber about 18 long made 085-wide stock Tie ends making overhand knot both ends together followed square knot two tied ends Put about 500 turns fly model Adjust angle incidence wing until model flies just short point stall ing Increase number turns re adjust wing angle As power creased wing adjustment will become critical have 100 feet ceiling height available go full winds just short breaking point model lands several hundred turns left 102 Model Aviation motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85