Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl
Edition: Model Aviation - 1977/06
Page Numbers: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 103, 104
Fifty years agoon May 20 1927Charles Augustus Lindbergh took off Roosevelt Field Long Island land some 33 hours LeBourget near Paris 4 isy hicraft Design began lessmonths bebruary 29 Model Aviation T YEAR AND two days fly Dutch Flats Boiling Field Less 500 flying hours first test hop retirement yet hangs proudly alongside Wright Flyer thecommand module Apollo 11 Moon mission Mile stones Flight hall National Air & Space Museum Its year two days active life its 489 hours air 174 flights less chance success three en gines like other contenders using Time after time Lindbergh explained tn-motors three engines failed far land would go down ocean just sure singleengined airplane still conservative element pressed obvious safety extra engines OK group eager ity its sole engine quit would no place landat least no place pilot would stand chance surviving So pointed toward proven airplane least proven components possible meant would have great deal built-in margin enough fuel get Europe winds turned sour enough wing get off Si LOUIS Don Berliner about momentous long explosive history man-in-theair brief year flying encompassed 19 countries 48 American states Several flights considerably passing significance Ryan NYP Spirit St Louis wasnt first choice Charles Lind bergh ambitious project fact wasnt second choice First list Wright-Bellanca flying engine testbed both pilot financial backers wanted too strings attached Two weeks after Lind berghs history-making New York-Paris flight Bellanca beat non-stop dis tance record 700 miles flight New York Germany piloted Clarence Chamberlin non-flying owner Charles Levine also board flight technically solo second choice Travel Air monoplane manufacturer cut short refusing sell solo trip across Atlantic during search airplane Lindbergh encountered opposition plan use singleengined airplane lot people felt engine would have far financial friends St Louis Lindbergh telegraphed Ryan Airlines Inc called early February 1927 quiring about possibility buying specially designed airplane long flight few days later Bellanca indicated would go along idea new owner Wright-Bellanca sisted allowed pick own crew course held absolutely no interest Lindbergh February 25 1927 deal completed Ryan project begun two days later went ahead full speed well might schedule called takeoff about three months remained done de sign build test airplane point could counted fly farther previous airplane ever flown three months group money men St Louis spend $15000 Today youd lucky get two-seat Cessna 150 couple radios kind cash stand much chance complet ing record-distance flight would almost entirely over water airplane would have offer unheard dependabil ground overload now weight great evil monster haunts airplane designers put equipment really need airplane will have trouble lifting its own weight off ground cut down weight thing will fly right theyll have compromise something important like safety utility Wright Brothers problem did designers Concorde Space Shuttle may abso lute rule aviation little time build airplane could no serious thought designing completely new Thats way should have done ing right way could have left Lind bergh drawing board com petition somewhere out over lantic competition sembling its plans its planes both sides pond try $25000 Orteig prize immeasurable fame time very important Bellanca Travel Air out question up T Claude Ryan little factory San Diego built pretty solid reputation June 1977 51 After Wright Flyer Spirit St Louis famous aircraft history aviation Lindberghs backers put up just $1 5000 picture taken shortly after airplane rolled out Ryan Airlines factory April28 1927 60 days time begun / ~1 -4 odel Aviation June 1977 53 THEiPIRIT OF STLOUIS small mailpiane M-2 seen good starting point long-distance airplane next item settled engine Ryan suggested well-proven Wright J-4 nine-cylinder air-cooled radial devel oped close 200 hp Lindbergh sisted newer J-5 Whirlwind good about 225 hp its cruising rpm 1800 would cost bit recently survived some unusually tough endurance tests Wright fac tory including 50 continuous hours full throttle 50 295 hp supercharger addition demon strated durability enclosed rocker arms could save lot problems lubrication Any thoughts modifying M-2 mailplane quickly went out window Chief Engineer Donald Hall began considering performance needed flight general outline re tained airplane almost totally new another 10 feet wing span meant greater wing area carry increased weight reduced spanloading improve takeoff wing changed did tail moment-arm balance fuse lage continued grow response longer maintain stability larger contain far M-2s 54 Model Aviation basic welded steel-tubing fuselage outside Ryan lactory interest modelers rudder pedals stick throttle quadrant suppose shop wanted see stage major assemblies went together properly perhaps sneaked peek years people built wings wayand sometimes still Ribs built up about same way youd build fuselage side Above two photos taken port side give quick im panel engine fuselage crammed tankspression small cabin space remaining pilot aircraft shock-cord type shock absorbers standard practiceno radio wheel brakes course electronic gear instrument panel ows photo below well detailed accom panying d~ ~kkh also show 14 famous periscope usual supply gasoline really posed problem order carry 400 gallons some would have put cockpit area would cut down space available crew Hall taken aback Lindbergh confidently informed him would have no crewonly himself engineer quickly took advantage surprising news sketched-in large fuel tank front pilot turn brought problems forward visibility no yet invented transparent gas tank Another surprise Hall Lindbergh didnt care about forward visibility used looking out side mailplanes really didnt expect much traffic over North Atlantic Once air felt approach landing would require straight-ahead view couldnt carry enough fuel certain getting Paris windshield would quickly covered water soon touched down So usual front panel glass panelled over aluminum streamlined way too little periscope installed viewing window left side instrument panel Lindbergh men Ryan planning drawing starting cut wood metal others much far ther along way tn-motored Fok ker Arctic explorer Richard Byrd nearing completion three-engined Keystone biplane flown US Navy pilots Noel Davis Stanton Wooster closer its first flight far side ocean French World War ace Charles Nungesser readying single-engined Levas seur biplane White Bird skies could suddenly become crowded projects become reality pressure mounted limit beyond construction work could pushed sacrificing quality once out sight land would take small failure turn well organized mission just other sad footnote Ryans people worked long hard hours bare minimum sleep dared overdo late March month after start construction Lindberghs entry race accepted National Aero nautic Association word began spread attempt considerably rumor Soon after J-5 Whirlwind engine arrived note stating specially inspected game becoming serious April 9 Davis made first test flight big Keystone reported handled beautifully flew faster expected Five days later Clarence Cham berlin Bert Acosta took up Wright Bellanca Columbia didnt come down until theyd broken world endur ance record staying aloft 51 hours Neither flight exactly brought great joy Lindbergh camp moved steadily ahead Two days after record flight Tony Fokker took Byrds Fokker up its first time flipped over landing juring Byrd Floyd Bennett doing considerable damage airplane Ten days after thaton April 26the Ameri can Legion-sponsored Keystone biplane crashed take off killing both Davis Wooster became ever obvious Atlantic Ocean obstacle overcome April 28 Spirit St Louis rolled out Ryan factory ready fly Just 60 days passed since start construction airplane finished An almost totally new machine designed built inspected prepared Lindbergh took off making routine flight rather taking first step toward immortality lightly loaded Model NYP New York-Paris left field Dutch Flats after run 55 yards thanks its long wings light load Up 2000 feet tests carefully begun stalled straight ahead didnt want bring its nose up help pilot funny way yawing ailerons moved Both problems could have cured larger tail surfaces would have cost time Ryan used standard June1977 55 second fuel tank located front cabin tankahead oil tank Then-new 9-cylinder Wright J5 Whirlwind 220 hp carry its great load Spirit St Louis wing ten feet bigger Ryan M-2 Mailpiane appearance followedthough plans modify M-2 gone Out window Lindbergh resisted temptation fly Rome landed objective much fuel remaining __THE SPIRIT OF STLOUISF tail unit M-2 Lindbergh didnt seem consider major problem got mild dogfight Navy Curtiss Hawk nearby air station before trying first landing went well despite lack ward vision initial 20-minute test flight such suecess followed another same day three next day Before Spirit full hour its log already gone up carrying photographer end first week Lindbergh begun series tests increasing loads fuel see ship would get off ground would handle under transatlantic conditions final test 300 gallons almost equalled empty weight Ryan satisfied engineers full load could carried safely May 8 last San Diego flights being made White Bird took off France Nunges ser Coli made way North America race would have won Lindbergh would have fall back alternative flight Ha waii beyond brave Frenchmen never seen again May 10 search still progress Lindbergh pre pared final important test one-stop flight California New York test fuel consumption just about everything else about still new airplane lifted off North Island Lindbergh clearly confident airplane though flown just four hours 15 minutes time arrived Lambert Field outside St Louis added 14 hours total time engine airframe also learned few things such value carburetor heat impact slight drifting cross wind long flight Lindbergh learned basic idea sound Ryan NYP perform ance needed long flight proceeded Roosevelt Field Long Island aid friendly tailwind arriving good shape sure realistic test program done its job Experts technicians manufacturers parts air plane hand offering unlimited assistance nonworking earth-induc tion compass replaced good part simple-butcomplex airplane double checked As bad weather slowly improved Continued page 103 56 Model Aviation Landing gear design typical strut-braced cabin planes era Venturi attached strut turn indicator No bank Use rather small M-2 tail surfaces resulted least two stability deficiencies Lindbergh did consider problem flight during test over Long Island NY Lucky Lindy peers camera through window door Familiar looking out side mail planes Lindbergh wasnt troubled lack windshieldwing fuselage tanks held 425 gallons gas weighing 25% plane motor shorten motor try again model runs out beans before lands switch longer motor model should land just enough turns remaining motor keep going slack Greater duration can obtained using wider rubber provided model can stand added power length motor adjusted described above will turn out considerably longer made narrower rub ber will store turns dont have 100 feet headroom available dont want risk banging model around girders youll have modify procedure Wind motor fully back off turns until right flight altitude obtained opti mum length rubber such low-ceiling flying will roughly results model landing about same number turns left backed off winding Spirit/Berliner continued page 56 airplane made ready Its comple ment instruments skimpy modern standards touring airplane let alone transoceanic explorer primed altimeter one-handed reading counterclockwise tachometer turn-and-bank would real hope total darkness clouds airspeed indicator clock would make possible some rough calculations fuel consumption oil fuel pressure gauges would tell engine about fail inclinometer sug gest nose pointing too far up down earth-induction compass main device Lindbergh would count keep him course Considered ac curate ordinary magnetic com passes subject severe errors over long haul its flawless operation would vital success flight other major factor long-range navigation view Ryans total lack radio other electronic naviga tion gear drift due changing cross winds Lindbergh could watch waves ocean daytime clouds did obscure vision fact about set forth unknown almost no mechanical aids Twenty-two days after first flight Ryan NYP less 30 hours flying time its clock grand adventure about begin Early morning Friday May 20 1927 airplane loaded fuel ever carriedfuel weighing 25% airplane carried unpaved runway about 5000 feet before him Lindbergh readyor least ready could certainly ready anyone before him Continued page 104 r SNAP-ON 2-56 THREADED COUPLER INCL fl P THREADED FOR 4-40 ROD OR BOLT BOLT-ON LINK 3-piece ball link set No 180 must helicopters readily adaptable rudder elevator servo linkage R/C planes boats cars Ball joint action eliminates binding neat clean appearance OnlV 85 TOUGH NYLON LINK SNAPS-ON AND HOLDS TIGHT THREADED LINK 5-Piece ball link set No 181 excellent off-set steering throttle servo hookups Includes steel ball assembly 2-56 thread washer nut threaded coupler nylon ball link Easily adjustable Only 85C AIRCRAFT QUALITY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL 0 1/8 TRIM ADJUSTMENT 4-Piece ball link set No 182 prefer permanent installation Includes nylon link threaded coupler steel ball pin washer peening Absolutely no linkage play ball links used Nylon link helps reduce viabration looks goodtool Only85 AILERON HORNWIRE r - BALL LINKS 16 THREADED Excellent hook up BALL LINK [j assembly strip ailerons_______ IEliminates differential throwffi11111 No169.2Sets $175 BALL LINK SOCKETS Extra nylon ckets Fits styles Du-bro ball links No 188. 4 $1 00No 190 DU-BRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED Bonner Road Wauconda Illinois 60084 U S BALL LINKS June1977 103 NO PLAY PRECISION MAK THROTTLE HOOK-UPS 4/TAKES CA EOF ANY MISALIGNMENT new 4 piece threadedbaIl link set fits perfectly servo arm holes beicranks nylon horns throt tle arms Strong easy hook up Just bolt 85 Continued page 103pushed Once throttle forward airplane gath wayeed safely stopped ered toO muchand heckiflg would planningengine would have put thething like 35 run almost perfectlY some hours twice long ever done air airframe would have hold together through whatever violent winds might encounter desllAe tail broken longeron near t would discovered until Paris important anything else fjight have made cor would trip record distance rect direction d terniinSouth Atlantic would hardly seen rousing suc ces5 make along planned route ~vigation would have nearperfect almost unknown fac tor drift would have push jndbergh Ryan very far off course Un known pilots ill equipped weather expert5 high pressure area north course alow south ideally situated create strong steady tailwind almost no lateral drift jndbergh sat end runway Roosevelt Field completed final checks unaware conditions would meet over vast menacing body water lie knew plans developed greatest care plane built tested same way Beyond would up him Ace Radio Control Inc94 Andrews Aircraft Model Co90 Boeing Management AsSOciatiOfl 93 Canadian Nationals 102 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Coverite103 Du-Bro products Inc 100 Experimental Aircraft Ass lyline Models oxMfg ComPaI~B1~ 101 Fusite Emerson [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Godfrey & Son Inc Carl Goldberg Models 96 Grish Brothers90 Harrys Hobbies Inc95 HObbyPOXY products K&B Mfg ny Midwest products Compa102 Model products Corp 97 Morrison RepIaTech 89 pactra Industries Inc. 98 peckPOlYmers57 Progress Mfg company . Trader SC Modeler HobbY ShoP Sig Mfg Company1 9 Sterling Models Inc Sullivan Products Inc [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Tatone products Corp Westport International8 [v32][b-1-10-1-10]] Williams BrothersBack Coy World Engines 104 Mode AvIatOfl