Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. Anstywawy Spedal 615595 RAPID ICAD ChARGER field charging nicads adjualsltle 100% sdly P5o5lr Bald olmargor 4andBtalIXanan8odl1XrA Plug yes owa dstts tigitter 12 V Bald baltemy presa bmgtos thie unIt wIS Cd ISIS disc9 FILL 100% CAFACI1Y ISWIOUT ThE CAR 1ODtE MMUr1 Atatomalic dage Swalug daudbv uSI lennhd* Use f dminga LW adS bellcale UsIa Sepemate IX TX oaIt adJamhnaib dow Pest damne ntcada ea 1200 mAlt capadil abll5y 1usd borne blddelosernlgmtilant dta~uteanualna 12 V pow supply Ideal spout fiov4lyau hdcoptma 1/4 scale boats gildema Rapid hind - 67495 .. Annheesuy Sped outly eases GLOW SWITCh SYSTEM MEW board glow dilver Allows eader ester tbIS 2 4 doke engines easlCde wohlanofangines baw rough Ida refuse nan low speed haat Usratllie bark flip prop ideal borested ouwled Jet angialsa wd lautaltatlone Use plug dUfloat reach ambpasU0LOW WHAT detedors tail show via LW ~owdug dually alCdng lid lbs recalver han enoaVi voilag another filaJiL Sjkto charger hmdware 0mw SwItch Sofan1normal.. Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. Annivasamy Sped 57998 Sunat SwItch designed barn elechic motor olT K can handle 5 10 cells Inca softatant a*cealt reduce motor modal lorqiae us dud~ponsc iqa Sannut Switch nomad price aeas Annlvauaay Spedal54095 iremjw cS IIIIIOUIWE rL11CimcS RK Eli IRJ1U DY 504 99a la laa Maw uinpbau mae 6038824022 Prapald OrdscR Mossy Order 061854 Check nods out Raplt Kayslay Slvppsvgnoctwgs COD Ordecs Cash Catifed Check sofacted ott dehusry Add $500 05 doss snont5 MOUNT DRECY Y AS Prices and Spedllcatione Suhisal change MUted hoUce Designed Planufadtssd Use INA * * Long Engine Life * * Use BRU LINE Air Cleaner Completely Fuel Proof Nylon Rubber Parts Cat No 102 Air Cleaner Coarse $299 Cat No202 Air CleanerFine $299 Replacement Inserts Cat No 104 Pk/2 Inserts Coarse $239 Cat No 204 Pk/2 Inserts Fine $239 FITS MOST ENGINES 25and UP SEE YOUR LOCAL HOBBY DEALER IF UNAVAILABLE LOCALLY SEND TO Bru Line Industries Inc PO Box3786 Center Line Michigan4SOl5 Add $250 shipping igan residents add 4% sales tax August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640
Edition: Model Aviation - 1993/08
Page Numbers: 16, 17, 18, 106, 107, 108, 109
Uncle Harry s Way U George M Myers PART OF THE PLEASURE model aviation comes sharing pictures models better picture greater pleasure magazine s viewpoint good photographs draw readers attention words Airplanes difficult photograph because usually have slender shapes stick out directions small details reader wants see Getting details photograph job PERSPECTIVE AND COMPOSITION first camera 1930 fixed-focus fixed-aperture fixed-shutter-speed Kodak snapshot camera used 127 film similar todays 35mm film viewfinder tiny reversed telescope Nearly useless could see wings looked better stepped back Thats perspective Perspective depends three factors 1 Camera-to-subject distance should greater longest dimension subject 2 Lens focal length Focal length equal diagonal negative normal greater diagonal telephoto less diagonal wide angle 3 Camera tilt ABOUT FOCUS first aimed viewfinder subject pushed button week later drugstore gave some prints didnt like Either image distorted too small Worse yet model airplane pictures out focus couldnt get close enough losing focus Fixed-focus cameras now factory-focused point iiil liii dI Ill about 30 feet lens Thats take bad pictures model airplanes bought German 6 x 9 cm negative size camera focusable lens three apertures stops four shutter speeds T B 1/25-second /so-second focused closer first camera still close enough viewfinder didnt give focus information did focusing yardstick Camera shake subject movement added problems Having selection larger apertures meant could use shorter exposures minimize blurring caused shaking hands subject motion live larger apertures less depth focus important advantage German camera purposes larger negative made enlargements unnecessary Film speeds very slow days couldnt stop down improve sharpness unless mounted camera tripod used very bright flashes long exposure times Todays film averages five stops faster used old days situation isnt bad words stop aperture refer size hole inside lens passes light film five-stop improve ment film speed means setup required one-second exposure old film requires /32-second exposure new film through same aperture Higher film speeds make possible todays fixed-everything cameras tolerate some subject motion camera shake Uncle Harry Nielsen professional photographer photographed famous airplanes such famous aviators liiIIii Charles Lindbergh Bert Acosta Al Williams Rene Fonck Admiral Byrdfl Floyd Bennett et al Harry theN lvi jIII official photographer Grumman Aeronautical I Engineering Corporation I Ii liii 1932 until 1946 used big camerasjIIIIIIiiI long pleatedIJII bellows focused hisfl images ground glass black cloth overII head mounted theIj camera tripod taller and H1i used flash powder iII 1h burned like sun made immense clouds white smoke Very official Very impressive 8 x 10 4 x 5-inch contact prints sharp full detail could cry frustration Contact prints made sandwiching negative piece printing paper glass plate holder exposing light resulting print exactly duplicates negative black white exchanged tiny negatives enlarged projecting negative image printing paper via lens system 8 x Os poor compared Uncle Harrys burned Today take pictures Japanese auto-everything camera compose picture viewfinder sees through picture-making lens Thats almost good what Uncle Harry quite II because lens doesnt stop down until after push button still dont get focus information want viewfinder Neither unless through-the-lens camera has depth-of-focus-preview function use camera can focus itself determine f-stop shutter speed use call strobe flash needed make exposure advance film one-hour print shop makes 4 x 6 glossy color prints well cheaply expensive darkroom covered dust current photography kit Minolta 7000 camera through-thelens TTL viewfinder Minolta 28-8Ommfi4 zoom/macro lens gets use Minolta 70-210mmf/4 zoom/macro lens special pictures Sakar 28 automatic TJL -sensing automatic flash Kodak Gold 400 color print 35mm film use 12-exposure rolls can get similar equipment Nikon Canon Ricoh other manufacturers drill Move around get good perspective Select and/or zoom lens frame image Turn camera strobe flash necessary Push button pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8 x lOs 60 years ago know Read TWO THOUGHTS FOR GOOD PHOTOGRAPHS 1 The smallest object see viewfinder can photograph nonmacro lens about size lens aperture 2 Enlarging negative doesnt add detail Paste ideas lens cap will way better pictures want big sharp pictures start big film small aperture Ansel Adams used ff64 image uses entire negative area lots light Uncle Harry knew Optical physics hasnt changed wonderful ff2 50mm lens old 35mm camera wont record anything smaller inch diameter outside plane sharpest Continued page 106 18 Model Aviation 4 AFTER YOU DID ALL THE WORK WHY LET YOUR AIRPLANE DO ALL THE FLYING Uncle Harrys Way/Myers Continued page 18 focus know focal length f marked lens maximum aperture fl2 also marked lens means maximum diameter aperture one-half focal length So maximum aperture measures 502 approximately inch focus lens infinity use fl2 aperture nothing scene smaller inch diameter can recorded dot film might want reread statement 50mmf12 lens might stop down ff16 smallest detail can resolved infinity focus andfll6 5Q16 mm /s inch Most rivet heads larger 1/ inch diameter So will need ff16 smaller aperture particular lens order see rivets represented smallest possible points negative usually takes just dot define something Look some dot-matrix printing magnifying glass see what mean Forget rivet detail until stop down change larger divisor ff2 ff16 makes hole smaller leads two questions much should stop down far point focus will see detail Professional expensive hobby cameras usually have depth-of-focus guides engraved lens holder Compact cameras rarely offer information So either have refer table printed photography handbook calculate DO IT UNCLE HARRYS WAY Depth focus extends point focus back toward camera extends about same distance other direction too Uncle Harry told Focus IDA Eddie Cantors rendition Ida sweet apple cider popular Ida wife should Focus IDA too F F h focus near side Smallest image dimension see D ance camera subject ture diameter dimensions must have same units Lets say stand wing tip large airplane focus fuselage 30 feet away shoot wide open ff2 formula can expect see t/s-inch rivets side fuselage out F Thats t/5 inch x 30 x 12 convert feet inchesf 1 nches out wing root stop down ff16 will see /s-inch rivets up 360 inches 30 feet wing root So ff16 can see rivets whole wing tip tip Work numbers see should able 106 Model Aviation ENGINEERING R S 6917 W 59th St UbT3Chicago IL 60638 Wi RE ii EINIJE 312 586-8503 No 322 No 323 No 324 SEND $100 FOR PRICE LIST AND CATALOG INFO $500BUILD & FLY THE miniMAX YOURSELF ndampion andComputer Designed3 Axis Control \0 Reserve Grand Champion UltralightPart 103 UltralightEasy Construction 1989 Sun-N-Fun Fly-InWood Construction TEAM INC 10790-MA Ivy Bluff Rd Bradyville TN 37026 765-5397 numbers head might need pencil paper Nobody needs pocket calculator simple calcula tions Uncle Harry didnt own want sharpest possible picture big airplane will what Uncle Harry did will focus infinity step back until have perspective pleases stop down aperture gets much detail necessary pos sible will calculate exposure time needed let camera focus infinity everything picture larger aperture can photographed Sounds like magic isnt See Rule above cases focus near side fuselage because thats important details will calculate f-stop needed produce adequate depth field based size smallest detail want show elsewhere print have figure things out taking picture will lose photo opportunity So take pictures study can learn look situation see finished photo mind makes composition decisions almost automatic meantime Keep best scrap rest Nobody has see bad pictures An automatic-everything camera can relieve learning control camera Such camera produces good average photographs automatically helpful working fast other hand automatic cameras keep learning make better-thanaverage photographs use print film much final result depends print shop consistently get bad pictures get another print shop situation prompts people shoot slides rather negatives problem slides have its lost damaged its gone Negatives can reprinted Generally camera needs least 15 wingspans center model order get sufficient depth field distance wont like image size may like perspective Zoom lenses permit step back until like perspective zoom lens until image fills frame viewfinder Having through-the-lens viewfinder makes easier assess perspective focus remember dont see depth focus An autofocusing camera creates higher percentage reasonably well focused pictures Minolta camera allows select aperture priority mode can pick aperture suits photograph also permits disable autofocusing necessary can move back get best perspective zoom fill frame image leaving hit around edges accommodate print shop can use 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS Inc 150 Robinson Rd Hudson NH 03051 SUPERIOR DESIGN & CRAFTSMANSHI DELA Finest Kits Youll Ever Buy Build Train-Air 20 Train-Air 40 Sport-Air 40 Bel-Air 40 40 Hydro-Floats need easy handling superior aerobat Ic modern looking sport exhibition biplane has filled Eel-Air 80 kit parts biplane tea fine line kite machine cut assist building reel show stopper Bel-Air 60 has fully summetrical wing sections gives greatest potential aerobalic performance either upright inverted ship ia capable very slow close-in type flight right up rigorous serobstic schedule can muster Engine Requirement Wing Span Wing Ares Fuselage Length 60 52 935 0 46 SPECIPICATlOtd5 Fuselage Width Weight Range Wing Loading Range Ask about Granite State R C Products Suppliers quality radio control parts accessories division Northeast Aerodynamics 35 6 75 lbs 14810 185 603-881-5899 Visa & MasterCard Accepted FREW ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 5th AnnIversary Special Discount Pricing BARY MAIAOEMENI SYSTEM OIE- mosfet nicad cycler nell PIOSPET nicad ceder designed epeolficatty planes bo hellceptas tailS S ovanlilbls Oti1tilaabl5 charging 5 ceSe Inilnitely tJuabhls ax ouendgftt ehaae aa.et Use abittly discharge both IX and digitel discharge doter Riced wal dIaZ7 hotas autontdcally awltch toe bldG t IX p ep 2000 mMt nw charged U oulpot ack al 300 mA IX w Sedin1e 4 5 Cd pad al 300 800 mA Unique CAMCflY CALCUlATOR allows Use nt5liaspershour r lls~5 h4an determined aday Planeganmait Slatan nonsat putce 619595 .. 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Anniomawyonly 6/55G ULTRAET COrITROLLERIS1qART SWITCH motor controllers Dcliv snub dted couWol delisic una Thq uaeedadfl dent ISOfiPETa Inomdibly low vo5aIg drop defeatable DRC allows die motor park aiso power salable Low Antage Cutoff slash down what lise batlemy reachee fi volta L5lluPat Controller 111011 rub motor controSer can hands 6 12 orh ames 6200 awltddug lksquatq wlkh provides 5am aespouwe sandy anisoth aecelesatlon higimer dlldanq ins motor healing Uses other units lhaPet Contooger normal pates 59998 .. 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August1993 107 REALISTIC MOTION CONTROL VALVES valves feature exhaust speed control UP1 lndependant speed control & switching struts $2895 UP2Strut & door control Mustangs Door opens strut lowers door closes Door opens strut raises-door closes $7465 UP3 Strut & door control valve P47 Door opens-strut lowers-door stays openStrut raisesdoor closes$7465 Door Cylinders metal 5/16 bore1 & 15 inch stroke $1900 6 inch diameter scale Mustang wheels Machined bar stock-8 spoke hub bronze bearings solid foam tire weight 10 oz $11500 pair ULTRA PRECISION Technical Services Ltd 1244 Honeysuckle Crescent Oakville OntarioL6H 258 Canada Phone 416842 1703 Dealer inquiries welcomeAll prices US fundsShipping valves & cylinders $450 RENO UNLIMITED MUSTANG RETRACTS 50 Lb rating Totally enclosed mechanism metal 1 inch air cylinder retraction Fits ribs$57900 including UP2 valve tripod support long exposure time flash stop motion long exposure lets people picture move around disappear Thats sometimes handy EXPOSURE AND FILL-IN FLASH Exposure makes breaks photograph books have written subject Ive read some comes down scene one-half sky must decide what important can expose pictures still arent sharp Uncle Harrys contact 8x lOs 60 years ago know Read clouds airplane both best compromise occurs sun shines face subject camera looks part sky 90 shadows close enough have auxiliary flash equipment may light subject match sky called fill-in flash Some people have no idea useful fill-in flash easy use Read book came camera automatic cameras offer backlight setting simple alternative fill-in flash Dont write letters arguing against procedure until have two pictures hand done Uncle Harrys way done way background foreground Uncle Harrys picture ignored making picture certain sharper pleasing whole airplane may sharper too might see important details HOW ABOUT VIDEO above discussion refers photographs film because thats what used magazine same rules apply video cameras important limiting factor video sharpness isnt lens aperture its number pixels picture elements TV screen TV pixels really holes drilled metal sheet behind glass US TV screens have same number pixels regardless size screen Big screens have bigger pixels thats Use magnifying glass see screen Picture detail limited FCCmandated TV channel bandwidth six MHz per channel 45 MHz usable An old black-and-white TV could show 330 vertical lines across screen compatible color introduced picture crammed three MHz best color TV receiver could can display 220 vertical lines across screen takes three dots display line bright dot surrounded two dark dots vice versa can deduce about 240000 colored dots make up picture US TV Hi-band 8 camcorders can make color pictures almost 330 vertical lines across screen S-video TV High Definition Television HDTV comes will display 400 vertical lines across its screen An ordinary 35mm film image can show 1440 lines across picture assuming horizontal frame true both negatives slides number implies about 55 million colored dots picture enlarge 35mm negative 8 x 10 inches discard almost half negative because different frame shape An 8 x 10 print enlarged 35mm negative may contain about 27 million dots Compare about 275 million dots Uncle Harrys 8 x 10 contact prints will understand frustration led destroy prints ven modeis av ibiS weigh both gins & oza High accuracy guaranteed tare have strain gage transducers Whether build indoor models big birds between have scale Send #10 SASE brochure Discount prices $9900 up $24750 Includes AC adaptor UPS 1 yr warrantee Champion Model Products 880 Carmen Court La Verne CA 91750 909 599-3348 RXS SERVOS etc FOR OLDER RADIO UPDATES 108 Model Aviation BJrn/c ELECTRONICS MA STICKER REIDS QUALITY MODEL PRODUCTS 16 Main St Phelps NY 14532 315-548-3779 WE HAVE OVER 26 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN 1W AT WE 1466 windward dr mason ohio 45040 ph 513 398-5423 REGAIN CONTROL i7 Losing control can nightmare wrong response given command can take its toll model nerves wallet Radio South know feel about hobby too avid RC enthusiasts nearly halt century combined experience modeling radio repair So avoid inflated repair costs undue service time Radio South fast economical in-house radio service can depend Radio South customer satisfaction isnt just motto Its way life Let us put back control F5 Futaba ______ jAIR1WICS 5524 N Palafox Pensacola FL 32503 repair information 904 434-0909 1-800-962-7802 Toll Free Order Line lOrders Only Pleasell Uncle Harrys contact prints held about 100 times detail enlargements true Civil War Look detail Matthew Brady print stilt true today beautiful color pictures automobile sales brochures made large films HOW ABOUT COMPUTER GRAPHICS Computer graphics also limited screen pixels exactly like TV common home PC graphic screen VGA contains 640 x 480 00 pixels Theoretically VGA screen can show 320 vertical lines across screen VGA contains 22% detail 35mm negative SVGA becoming popular contains 1024 x 768 32 pixels Theoret ically can show 512 vertical lines across screen SVGA contains 36% detail 35mm negative Dont frightened mathits simple Knowing calculate limitations equipment first step toward getting what want what magazine needs picture bad mechanic blames tools good mechanic gets best possible service tools hand Bear mind average picture printed magazine measures about 25 x 45 inches contains about 180000 dots about 3% detail 35nim negative result 133-line screen process needed keep ink smearing printing presses low-contrast low-detail print turns gray mud hurry because forced use screen cant add detail picture take away So send us big images lots contrast sharp detail Look some Model Aviations adver tisements examples pictures printed well SUMMARY point article help realize negative slide print videotape computer file has limited ability show detail can define limits pixels dots put subject better viewer will understand what trying illustrate Evaluation photographs subjective dont feel hurt people ignore photographs People either like what see dont What see depends prior knowledge photo Neil Armstrongs footprint moon may impress great picture told scientists about what moon like anything before made Incidentally moon black white blue white appeared cover Life magazine need good photo captions educate viewer he/she will like picture Nobody can tell make great picture everybody can criticize Com plaints include small images distracting backgrounds low detail subject image awkward composition confusing shadows low contrast color distortion etc akeady knew Electric FlyIPoling Continued page 34 meet turned out major task didnt know pilots would show up planes wound up 300 color photos 22 pages notes representing about 70 planes obtained specific information 60 planes Unfortunately cant describe planes have detailed information isnt enough space So will choose few although outstanding apologize pilots planes missed majority would have taken team writers cover AULD event 130 pm Saturday 15 pilots launched no-thermal sky did go very far circle land because insufficient power did give chance watch other fliers VINTAGE F/C PLANS PREVIOUSLY SIO MORGAN NEW OWNER-FRED NOVACI 5105 PINE HILL CIRCLE HOWELL MICH4 8843 0 CURI7SS- WRIGHT T-3Z CONDOR 82W-AN IENGS 40-60 PLAN NO O8RC S 1595 PLUG $S95 UAsa FOR9a9 MAY45 MORE 993 CATALOGE 6200 US 6300 FOFWIGN OTHENG PIPER PBY5A WACO STINSON FAIRCHILO SiESSIER Fl 166 03 GTORCH PRODUCTS FOR THE D4SCERNING MODELER Complete Line Exhaust Systems TunedMuffled Tuned Pipes Headers Venturi Mufflers Expansion Mufflers copter Ball Mufflers Specialized Exhaust Systems Unsurpassed Wokmenzhin & Performance August1993 109 ne threaded cyls & covers like cyke brown others round cover & cyl gaskets BOB MCCORD 325-93 SYLVAN AVE MOUNTAIN VIEW CALIF 94041-1640