0 Clarence Haught STAGGERWING word excites no explanation necessary doesnt no explanation possible D-17 Beechcraft classics called golden era aviationthe 1930s Like its contem poraries Howards Stinsons Wacos Beech prestigious private corporate aircraft designed speed passenger com fort Boasting such niceties mohair upholstery carpet sound proofing aircraft played major role making air travel acceptable alternative must executive trans portation Class did stop just fine internal appointments 20-25 coat hand-rubbed dope finishes protected beautified exterior fabric covering Close scrutiny required pick Out edges surface finishing tapes over ribs stringers Ribstitching lacing fabric wing ribs tied off top upper wings bottom lower panels minimize detracting bumps created knots beneath surface tape typically fine finishes paid themselves times over drag reduction increased fabric life Such finishes have known protect fabric up 25 years conventional 8-to 10-coat factory finishes allowed fabric deterioration occur little 8 10 years romance radial engines adds general appeal old birds High depend ability low weight-to-power ratio basic advantages Although lower pilot visibility de tracted popularity engine config uration personally know pilot short stature inadvertently allowed big Pratt Whitney R-985 engine devour wing Piper Super Cruiser Piper Comanche separate occasions Perhaps just round engines way letting its flat brethren know boss Airplanes category referred pilots airplanes required average duffer chauffer around Staggerwing pilots tend proud group Beech its critics initi ally claimed design would fly because negative stagger theorized bottom wing would blanket out air flow top wing steep climb probably same people insist aerodynamic ally bumble bee cannot fly About real criticism valid pilot visibility problem basically ground handling problem model presented designed entry CL Profile Scale local contest event designed create interest scale quickly built airplane addition event would encourage flight maneuvers usually undertaken true scale models has nerve try inverted flight loops eights etc. model took months construct model turned out quite large 50-in span sports approximately 800 sq wing area Total weight McCoy 40 engine 45 ounces favorable wing power loading results model stable easy fly will perform entire AMA stunt pattern well average non-flapped stunter Con struction simple strong can accomplished relatively short period time Construction begins wings Both wings identical exception landing gear tip weight After cutting out parts joining tip pieces pin down t over plan lower half trailing edge Pin center section main ribs both spars glue yet Glue ribs trailing edge sheet will result front ribs being raised above surface building board Check alignment plan insure spacing between center two ribs exactly lage width center ribs right angles trailing edge particular importance affects wing alignment final assembly satisfied cement top half trailing edge position allow dry thoroughly Notch X preformed leading edge shown glue 38 Model Aviation Top The classic Beecn prorile ariy aero dynamists claimed negative stagger would fly theorizing lowerwing would blanket upper steep climb Above Clarence shows big profile really Hard think profile ribs being sure ribs properly aligned Apply glue rib-to-sparjoints aid small brush dry remove plan install tips tip ribs tip spars Build two identical structures Select wing top install center planking planking will top bridged across center section ribs planking bottom top wing installed up center two ribs leaving slot inserting fuselage Bend up landing gear c wire attach plywood landing gear mounts J bolts Gouge out leading edge bolt clearance secure mounted gear legs epoxy Add reinforcements shown strengthen installation Plank center section install ounce tip weight outboard wingtip Coiled solder works well easily glued epoxy Tail surfaces cut medium weight 3/16 sheet balsa rudder-fin combination built up piece whole assembly offset shown top fuselage view Elevators joined 3/32 music wire standard RC elevator horn employed Use favorite hinge system Most currently available hinges satisfactory including piece molded van ety main consideration freedom movement profile fuselage cut two sheets 4 balsa joined edge edge scrap pieces joined make up t balsa reinforcement doubler left side fliselage outline best cut power jig saw hand coping saw may used hardwood engine mounts spaced suit engine used may glued place simul taneously ood doubler right fuselage side dry plywood doubler may cut away engine clearance bellcrank slot cut slot drill end 4 drill cut away area between drilled holes Smooth roughness file Drill engine mounting holes install blind mount nuts Cut out t doubler left side sand __UTfiJr___ ____IIIK __ __ __ ECICRAFT 0 ITS co N w 0 w w C, w -J -J fl z -J w N -J LL Bellcrank installation uses commercially available parts Two wheel collars position bellcrank music wire pivot Landing gear straps secure pivot fuselage Note bend pivot engage hole I/s ply fuse doubler Cotter key serves pushrod guide Large wheels allow ship flown rough Left fuselage doubler 1/2 balsa sheet gives fields Simple ply gear doors hamper contoured nose effect basic profile Solid operation off grass Gear mounts made tin wire leadouts wrapped soft copper wire can stock soldered gear wire Doors andsolderedWingwalkscutfrom22O-gritwetattached screws or-dry sandpaper adhered contact cement shape before gluing fuselage side Complete bellcrank slot after glue has dried Complete sanding total fuselage Note taper rear match rudder offset Check fit fuselage wing joints adjust required trimming adding small strips balsa joint should fit well causiog missalignment wings little extra time fitting joints will pay off appearance flight characteristics plan shows two forcing dowels strengthen profile fuselage wing mount area purely optional using light wood anticipating occasional roll over landing advisable using firm wood probably unnecessary point some preliminary finishing steps necessary components receive final sanding given two coats clear dope lightly sanded between coats Cover sheet tail parts GM Silkspan best accom plished laying dry paper wood brushing coat dope thinned 1 part dope 2 parts thinner Covering surfaces contributes greatly resistance splitting overall strength makes filling grain much easier procedure also desirable fuselage difficult due orange Aero Gloss dope trimming done MonoKote trim sheet Control surface outlines formed Vinyl tape obtained automotive parts house Wing walks cut 220-grit wet dry sand paper secured contact cement After finish complete control system installed Begin bellcrank pivot Bend piece c wire 90 degrees cut size shown plan short bend fitted hole ood fuselage doubler prevents pivot moving vertically bellcrank its bearing centered pivot two wheel collars will probably need trim fuselage slightly accommodate wheel collars entire assembly secured fuselage two landing gear clamp strap Either nylon metal will work combination retaining hole straps merely serve keep bellcrank position flight loads carried plywood fuselage doubler Install RC elevator horn right elevator install 3/32 music wire pushrod sure install cotter key pushrod guide time Attach solid wire leadouts bellcrank wrapping soldering joint shown photos 3- 4-oL tank secured rubber bathtub caulk 3M Fuel pick-up tube must aligned center engine venturi running both upright inverted flight Note lead ballast proper CG curves Lightly dampening Silkspan spray bottle will help respect does really affect dope-thinner mixture much Wings should covered GM 5GM Silkspan applied damp Lay dry piece wing structure position desired Dampen spray bottle smooth Out wrinkles Carefully lift edges apply dope peri meter structure no need apply dope ribs centersection planking will take place during subsequent coats Cover tips separately main panels using smaller piece aid avoiding wrinkles Trim off excess tissue build up good clear dope finish consisting 4 5 brushed coats very light wipe-down 600-grit sandpaper between coats will yield smooth finish Just careful sand through paper high spots ribs etc satisfied base finish assemble complete model Begin stabilizerelevator sure level perpendicular fuselage side square fuselage center line Glue securely install triange reinforce ments shown plan wise poke series small holes wood under glue joints allow good glue penetration secure bond Install rudder offset position shown plan Attach wings epoxy glue paying particular attention alignment mentioned during construction phase Utilize square check wing tip tail measure ments tape measure dry trim tissue between strut attachment ribs install wing struts warps evident may corrent steaming prior installing struts Slight warps can corrected installing struts Tri angular pieces cut t balsa produce faired-in look struts may wish provide some fillets between wing fuselage joints perhaps smooth out imperfections edges doublers An excellent product microballoons Mix micro-balloons some 5minute epoxy apply model Form fillets finger dipped dope thinner technique allows molding shaping fillets sanding landing gear doors cut 1 / 16 ply wood attached landing gear wire means tin strap cut food can lid strap should soldered c wire gear doors secured small sheet-metal screws small nails cut length soldered place doors quite durable fly grass fields add appearance model final finish now applied Brushed-on color finishes ok real neat job spraying best original model sprayed Thread outboard ends through leadout guide secure leadout guide left wing strut recommend installation control stops limit elevator travel 45 degrees up down easily accomplished soldering brass washer leadout wire bear against leadout guide Add loops control line hookup Mount engine wheels Select suitable fuel tank should hold between 3 4 ounces fuel stunt variety Either conven tional special profile type tanks secure tanks silicone rubber sometimes sold bathtub caulking cement material holds well unaffected fuel tends absorb some vibration glue needs dry several hours careful align center tank center engine venturi air intake will assure engine running same both upright inverted ie tank too high engine will lean Out upside down Check balance point shown plan add lead needed little nose heavy ok never attempt fly tail-heavy ship doubt add little nose weight 10-6 prop installed 0 15 60-foot multistrand lines attached ready first flight Pay particular attention initial flight necessary trim changes can Continued page 117 40 Modeg Aviation Aluminum leadout guide attacfled ply interplane struts sheet metal screws allowing positioning far line tension wing leveling flight trim Control stops brass washers soldered leadout wires tanaara li eievasor norn allows aojusImnL urn elevator sensitivity Farthest holes hinge line produce least sensitivity Elevatorfuselage loint reinforced triangle balsa XECUTIVE CORP AmItyvIll NY 11701 FAI team selection program Its again well underway time read Subject vote program entrants Team Finals will Pensacola FL excellent flying site over Labor Day weekend Rae Fritz excellent contest director will keep everybody honest Its guaranteed excitement worth watching cant compete outcome Second World Championships last year Belgium surely will have influence designs year So want see what F3B about see some designs dreams year ago think PensacolaLabor Day further information program contact Ray Marvin 2781 South Garfield Denver CO 80210 Lets go flying Dan Pruss RR 2 Box 490 Plainfield IL 60544 RC HELICOPTERS/CHESNEY co ntinued page 36 quired pull wing through air fast enough get plane air keep same true helicopterbut airplane drag largely result induced drag creating lift plus parasitic profile drag caused resistance bumps lumps like wheels canopies other junk sticking out airstream helicop ter also subject mechanical drag Powerrobbing drag bad enough binds helicopter gear train course binds running friction factor mechanics drive system should assembled carefully reduce friction Now succeed overcoming drag gravity get helicopter airplane moving forward flight similarities control response can checked out See Figure 2 airplane controlled about roll axis its ailerons increasing decreasing lift ofeach wing tip opposite other helicopter control similar ailerons called right/left cyclic lateral cyclic So roll bank airplane move aileron stick helicopter rolled banked using cycliclateral cyclic pitch axisthe airplane controlled elevator down elevator causes nose drop up elevator nose rise copter friend cyclic back again now forelaft cyclic longitudinal cyclic Longi tudinal cyclic causes helicopter nose pitch down forward command up aft command remember forward flight right now forward flight helicopter tail rotor similar rudder airplane both control yaw nose aircraft right left Right stick right yaw left stick left yaw airplane note some RC heli copter fliers set control linkage tail rotor right stick gives left nose right tail boom movement like fullscale helicopter Reasons changing tail rotor control will become apparent begin flight training set up normal yaw initially examples flight control similarity aircraft moving forward through air An airplane motion through air called parked tied-downmaybe crashed airplane must moving forward against relative airflow speed sufficient provide lift overcome gravity helicopter may indeed stop move rearward sideways because engine-driven rotating wings provide relative airflow helicopter will lifted off ground engine power rotor pitch set blades rotating against relative wind such way provide enough lift overcome gravity no other forces acting helicopter will hover Now lateral longitudinal cyclic controls may used slide helicopter laterally left right longi tudinally forward rearward tail rotor must used yaw control also keep fuselage spinning around against rotation main rotor Well get back tail rotor later now what cyclic pitch rotor blades Cyclic pitch changes responsible lateral longitudinal movement helicopter An application cyclic control causes pitch blade change opposite other effect blade will oscillate fixed collective pitch setting through positive relative pitch back collective reference pitch relative negative pitch setting back reference collective pitch setting highest lowest relative pitch positions blade will determined position cyclic stick Keep mind blade reaches its highest pitch opposite blade will its lowest pitch excursion blade during revolution like sine wave See Figure 3 Next month will have about cyclic collective pitch rotor head swash plate Dave Chesney Rt 9 Box 621A Greensboro NC 27409 CL BEECHCRAFT/HAUGHT continued page 40 made Instruct helper watch excessive outward yaw unlevel wings will able notice things circles center well another opinion always useful Too much outward yaw causes excessive line tension can see top bottom wings indicates correction needed Both conditions may alleviated relocating leadout guide see tops wings lower guide too much outward yaw move guide forward etc tail heavy model will too difficult control Too much nose weight makes model too sluggish controls too sensitive move pushrod bellcrank down elevator horn etc Level flight boring will find Beech fully aerobatic Loops basic maneuver Most beginners hold fixed amount too much up resulting mushy loop Try varying control throughout loop making big round Lazy eights logical progression inverted flight Begin normal loop neutral ize controls kr way through loop hesitating split second model its back shallow dive give down elevator come around end eight returning level flight Practice lazy eights extending inverted protion until achieve magical first lap inverted flight its merely matter practice Soon youll able tolerate lap upright level flight row Staggerwing SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT July 1980 117 Deep uselag full cabin b flight capability 112 40 to 60 EngInes igepan dowels lightness movable tail ORGANIZED surfaces actuated movable stubsHee S set 4 sturdy fries hoS OVer fit tail Soar Gull only4 years Vt favorite 8 11 magazirtes different its package clever innovations 4 MAG FILES $495 linkages designsend 5495 plus St 00 postage handtrrrg DON INDUSTRIES P0 BOX 388-K DOVER NH 03820 yourEngine flioo1 G IOw MIUGUE 1/eA Vat Scale Power Usable Power Greater Economy Send 4O & Stamped Addressed Envelope Dealer Inquiry Invited Davis Diesel Development Inc Box 141 Milford CT 06460
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/07
Page Numbers: 38, 39, 40, 117
0 Clarence Haught STAGGERWING word excites no explanation necessary doesnt no explanation possible D-17 Beechcraft classics called golden era aviationthe 1930s Like its contem poraries Howards Stinsons Wacos Beech prestigious private corporate aircraft designed speed passenger com fort Boasting such niceties mohair upholstery carpet sound proofing aircraft played major role making air travel acceptable alternative must executive trans portation Class did stop just fine internal appointments 20-25 coat hand-rubbed dope finishes protected beautified exterior fabric covering Close scrutiny required pick Out edges surface finishing tapes over ribs stringers Ribstitching lacing fabric wing ribs tied off top upper wings bottom lower panels minimize detracting bumps created knots beneath surface tape typically fine finishes paid themselves times over drag reduction increased fabric life Such finishes have known protect fabric up 25 years conventional 8-to 10-coat factory finishes allowed fabric deterioration occur little 8 10 years romance radial engines adds general appeal old birds High depend ability low weight-to-power ratio basic advantages Although lower pilot visibility de tracted popularity engine config uration personally know pilot short stature inadvertently allowed big Pratt Whitney R-985 engine devour wing Piper Super Cruiser Piper Comanche separate occasions Perhaps just round engines way letting its flat brethren know boss Airplanes category referred pilots airplanes required average duffer chauffer around Staggerwing pilots tend proud group Beech its critics initi ally claimed design would fly because negative stagger theorized bottom wing would blanket out air flow top wing steep climb probably same people insist aerodynamic ally bumble bee cannot fly About real criticism valid pilot visibility problem basically ground handling problem model presented designed entry CL Profile Scale local contest event designed create interest scale quickly built airplane addition event would encourage flight maneuvers usually undertaken true scale models has nerve try inverted flight loops eights etc. model took months construct model turned out quite large 50-in span sports approximately 800 sq wing area Total weight McCoy 40 engine 45 ounces favorable wing power loading results model stable easy fly will perform entire AMA stunt pattern well average non-flapped stunter Con struction simple strong can accomplished relatively short period time Construction begins wings Both wings identical exception landing gear tip weight After cutting out parts joining tip pieces pin down t over plan lower half trailing edge Pin center section main ribs both spars glue yet Glue ribs trailing edge sheet will result front ribs being raised above surface building board Check alignment plan insure spacing between center two ribs exactly lage width center ribs right angles trailing edge particular importance affects wing alignment final assembly satisfied cement top half trailing edge position allow dry thoroughly Notch X preformed leading edge shown glue 38 Model Aviation Top The classic Beecn prorile ariy aero dynamists claimed negative stagger would fly theorizing lowerwing would blanket upper steep climb Above Clarence shows big profile really Hard think profile ribs being sure ribs properly aligned Apply glue rib-to-sparjoints aid small brush dry remove plan install tips tip ribs tip spars Build two identical structures Select wing top install center planking planking will top bridged across center section ribs planking bottom top wing installed up center two ribs leaving slot inserting fuselage Bend up landing gear c wire attach plywood landing gear mounts J bolts Gouge out leading edge bolt clearance secure mounted gear legs epoxy Add reinforcements shown strengthen installation Plank center section install ounce tip weight outboard wingtip Coiled solder works well easily glued epoxy Tail surfaces cut medium weight 3/16 sheet balsa rudder-fin combination built up piece whole assembly offset shown top fuselage view Elevators joined 3/32 music wire standard RC elevator horn employed Use favorite hinge system Most currently available hinges satisfactory including piece molded van ety main consideration freedom movement profile fuselage cut two sheets 4 balsa joined edge edge scrap pieces joined make up t balsa reinforcement doubler left side fliselage outline best cut power jig saw hand coping saw may used hardwood engine mounts spaced suit engine used may glued place simul taneously ood doubler right fuselage side dry plywood doubler may cut away engine clearance bellcrank slot cut slot drill end 4 drill cut away area between drilled holes Smooth roughness file Drill engine mounting holes install blind mount nuts Cut out t doubler left side sand __UTfiJr___ ____IIIK __ __ __ ECICRAFT 0 ITS co N w 0 w w C, w -J -J fl z -J w N -J LL Bellcrank installation uses commercially available parts Two wheel collars position bellcrank music wire pivot Landing gear straps secure pivot fuselage Note bend pivot engage hole I/s ply fuse doubler Cotter key serves pushrod guide Large wheels allow ship flown rough Left fuselage doubler 1/2 balsa sheet gives fields Simple ply gear doors hamper contoured nose effect basic profile Solid operation off grass Gear mounts made tin wire leadouts wrapped soft copper wire can stock soldered gear wire Doors andsolderedWingwalkscutfrom22O-gritwetattached screws or-dry sandpaper adhered contact cement shape before gluing fuselage side Complete bellcrank slot after glue has dried Complete sanding total fuselage Note taper rear match rudder offset Check fit fuselage wing joints adjust required trimming adding small strips balsa joint should fit well causiog missalignment wings little extra time fitting joints will pay off appearance flight characteristics plan shows two forcing dowels strengthen profile fuselage wing mount area purely optional using light wood anticipating occasional roll over landing advisable using firm wood probably unnecessary point some preliminary finishing steps necessary components receive final sanding given two coats clear dope lightly sanded between coats Cover sheet tail parts GM Silkspan best accom plished laying dry paper wood brushing coat dope thinned 1 part dope 2 parts thinner Covering surfaces contributes greatly resistance splitting overall strength makes filling grain much easier procedure also desirable fuselage difficult due orange Aero Gloss dope trimming done MonoKote trim sheet Control surface outlines formed Vinyl tape obtained automotive parts house Wing walks cut 220-grit wet dry sand paper secured contact cement After finish complete control system installed Begin bellcrank pivot Bend piece c wire 90 degrees cut size shown plan short bend fitted hole ood fuselage doubler prevents pivot moving vertically bellcrank its bearing centered pivot two wheel collars will probably need trim fuselage slightly accommodate wheel collars entire assembly secured fuselage two landing gear clamp strap Either nylon metal will work combination retaining hole straps merely serve keep bellcrank position flight loads carried plywood fuselage doubler Install RC elevator horn right elevator install 3/32 music wire pushrod sure install cotter key pushrod guide time Attach solid wire leadouts bellcrank wrapping soldering joint shown photos 3- 4-oL tank secured rubber bathtub caulk 3M Fuel pick-up tube must aligned center engine venturi running both upright inverted flight Note lead ballast proper CG curves Lightly dampening Silkspan spray bottle will help respect does really affect dope-thinner mixture much Wings should covered GM 5GM Silkspan applied damp Lay dry piece wing structure position desired Dampen spray bottle smooth Out wrinkles Carefully lift edges apply dope peri meter structure no need apply dope ribs centersection planking will take place during subsequent coats Cover tips separately main panels using smaller piece aid avoiding wrinkles Trim off excess tissue build up good clear dope finish consisting 4 5 brushed coats very light wipe-down 600-grit sandpaper between coats will yield smooth finish Just careful sand through paper high spots ribs etc satisfied base finish assemble complete model Begin stabilizerelevator sure level perpendicular fuselage side square fuselage center line Glue securely install triange reinforce ments shown plan wise poke series small holes wood under glue joints allow good glue penetration secure bond Install rudder offset position shown plan Attach wings epoxy glue paying particular attention alignment mentioned during construction phase Utilize square check wing tip tail measure ments tape measure dry trim tissue between strut attachment ribs install wing struts warps evident may corrent steaming prior installing struts Slight warps can corrected installing struts Tri angular pieces cut t balsa produce faired-in look struts may wish provide some fillets between wing fuselage joints perhaps smooth out imperfections edges doublers An excellent product microballoons Mix micro-balloons some 5minute epoxy apply model Form fillets finger dipped dope thinner technique allows molding shaping fillets sanding landing gear doors cut 1 / 16 ply wood attached landing gear wire means tin strap cut food can lid strap should soldered c wire gear doors secured small sheet-metal screws small nails cut length soldered place doors quite durable fly grass fields add appearance model final finish now applied Brushed-on color finishes ok real neat job spraying best original model sprayed Thread outboard ends through leadout guide secure leadout guide left wing strut recommend installation control stops limit elevator travel 45 degrees up down easily accomplished soldering brass washer leadout wire bear against leadout guide Add loops control line hookup Mount engine wheels Select suitable fuel tank should hold between 3 4 ounces fuel stunt variety Either conven tional special profile type tanks secure tanks silicone rubber sometimes sold bathtub caulking cement material holds well unaffected fuel tends absorb some vibration glue needs dry several hours careful align center tank center engine venturi air intake will assure engine running same both upright inverted ie tank too high engine will lean Out upside down Check balance point shown plan add lead needed little nose heavy ok never attempt fly tail-heavy ship doubt add little nose weight 10-6 prop installed 0 15 60-foot multistrand lines attached ready first flight Pay particular attention initial flight necessary trim changes can Continued page 117 40 Modeg Aviation Aluminum leadout guide attacfled ply interplane struts sheet metal screws allowing positioning far line tension wing leveling flight trim Control stops brass washers soldered leadout wires tanaara li eievasor norn allows aojusImnL urn elevator sensitivity Farthest holes hinge line produce least sensitivity Elevatorfuselage loint reinforced triangle balsa XECUTIVE CORP AmItyvIll NY 11701 FAI team selection program Its again well underway time read Subject vote program entrants Team Finals will Pensacola FL excellent flying site over Labor Day weekend Rae Fritz excellent contest director will keep everybody honest Its guaranteed excitement worth watching cant compete outcome Second World Championships last year Belgium surely will have influence designs year So want see what F3B about see some designs dreams year ago think PensacolaLabor Day further information program contact Ray Marvin 2781 South Garfield Denver CO 80210 Lets go flying Dan Pruss RR 2 Box 490 Plainfield IL 60544 RC HELICOPTERS/CHESNEY co ntinued page 36 quired pull wing through air fast enough get plane air keep same true helicopterbut airplane drag largely result induced drag creating lift plus parasitic profile drag caused resistance bumps lumps like wheels canopies other junk sticking out airstream helicop ter also subject mechanical drag Powerrobbing drag bad enough binds helicopter gear train course binds running friction factor mechanics drive system should assembled carefully reduce friction Now succeed overcoming drag gravity get helicopter airplane moving forward flight similarities control response can checked out See Figure 2 airplane controlled about roll axis its ailerons increasing decreasing lift ofeach wing tip opposite other helicopter control similar ailerons called right/left cyclic lateral cyclic So roll bank airplane move aileron stick helicopter rolled banked using cycliclateral cyclic pitch axisthe airplane controlled elevator down elevator causes nose drop up elevator nose rise copter friend cyclic back again now forelaft cyclic longitudinal cyclic Longi tudinal cyclic causes helicopter nose pitch down forward command up aft command remember forward flight right now forward flight helicopter tail rotor similar rudder airplane both control yaw nose aircraft right left Right stick right yaw left stick left yaw airplane note some RC heli copter fliers set control linkage tail rotor right stick gives left nose right tail boom movement like fullscale helicopter Reasons changing tail rotor control will become apparent begin flight training set up normal yaw initially examples flight control similarity aircraft moving forward through air An airplane motion through air called parked tied-downmaybe crashed airplane must moving forward against relative airflow speed sufficient provide lift overcome gravity helicopter may indeed stop move rearward sideways because engine-driven rotating wings provide relative airflow helicopter will lifted off ground engine power rotor pitch set blades rotating against relative wind such way provide enough lift overcome gravity no other forces acting helicopter will hover Now lateral longitudinal cyclic controls may used slide helicopter laterally left right longi tudinally forward rearward tail rotor must used yaw control also keep fuselage spinning around against rotation main rotor Well get back tail rotor later now what cyclic pitch rotor blades Cyclic pitch changes responsible lateral longitudinal movement helicopter An application cyclic control causes pitch blade change opposite other effect blade will oscillate fixed collective pitch setting through positive relative pitch back collective reference pitch relative negative pitch setting back reference collective pitch setting highest lowest relative pitch positions blade will determined position cyclic stick Keep mind blade reaches its highest pitch opposite blade will its lowest pitch excursion blade during revolution like sine wave See Figure 3 Next month will have about cyclic collective pitch rotor head swash plate Dave Chesney Rt 9 Box 621A Greensboro NC 27409 CL BEECHCRAFT/HAUGHT continued page 40 made Instruct helper watch excessive outward yaw unlevel wings will able notice things circles center well another opinion always useful Too much outward yaw causes excessive line tension can see top bottom wings indicates correction needed Both conditions may alleviated relocating leadout guide see tops wings lower guide too much outward yaw move guide forward etc tail heavy model will too difficult control Too much nose weight makes model too sluggish controls too sensitive move pushrod bellcrank down elevator horn etc Level flight boring will find Beech fully aerobatic Loops basic maneuver Most beginners hold fixed amount too much up resulting mushy loop Try varying control throughout loop making big round Lazy eights logical progression inverted flight Begin normal loop neutral ize controls kr way through loop hesitating split second model its back shallow dive give down elevator come around end eight returning level flight Practice lazy eights extending inverted protion until achieve magical first lap inverted flight its merely matter practice Soon youll able tolerate lap upright level flight row Staggerwing SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT July 1980 117 Deep uselag full cabin b flight capability 112 40 to 60 EngInes igepan dowels lightness movable tail ORGANIZED surfaces actuated movable stubsHee S set 4 sturdy fries hoS OVer fit tail Soar Gull only4 years Vt favorite 8 11 magazirtes different its package clever innovations 4 MAG FILES $495 linkages designsend 5495 plus St 00 postage handtrrrg DON INDUSTRIES P0 BOX 388-K DOVER NH 03820 yourEngine flioo1 G IOw MIUGUE 1/eA Vat Scale Power Usable Power Greater Economy Send 4O & Stamped Addressed Envelope Dealer Inquiry Invited Davis Diesel Development Inc Box 141 Milford CT 06460
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/07
Page Numbers: 38, 39, 40, 117
0 Clarence Haught STAGGERWING word excites no explanation necessary doesnt no explanation possible D-17 Beechcraft classics called golden era aviationthe 1930s Like its contem poraries Howards Stinsons Wacos Beech prestigious private corporate aircraft designed speed passenger com fort Boasting such niceties mohair upholstery carpet sound proofing aircraft played major role making air travel acceptable alternative must executive trans portation Class did stop just fine internal appointments 20-25 coat hand-rubbed dope finishes protected beautified exterior fabric covering Close scrutiny required pick Out edges surface finishing tapes over ribs stringers Ribstitching lacing fabric wing ribs tied off top upper wings bottom lower panels minimize detracting bumps created knots beneath surface tape typically fine finishes paid themselves times over drag reduction increased fabric life Such finishes have known protect fabric up 25 years conventional 8-to 10-coat factory finishes allowed fabric deterioration occur little 8 10 years romance radial engines adds general appeal old birds High depend ability low weight-to-power ratio basic advantages Although lower pilot visibility de tracted popularity engine config uration personally know pilot short stature inadvertently allowed big Pratt Whitney R-985 engine devour wing Piper Super Cruiser Piper Comanche separate occasions Perhaps just round engines way letting its flat brethren know boss Airplanes category referred pilots airplanes required average duffer chauffer around Staggerwing pilots tend proud group Beech its critics initi ally claimed design would fly because negative stagger theorized bottom wing would blanket out air flow top wing steep climb probably same people insist aerodynamic ally bumble bee cannot fly About real criticism valid pilot visibility problem basically ground handling problem model presented designed entry CL Profile Scale local contest event designed create interest scale quickly built airplane addition event would encourage flight maneuvers usually undertaken true scale models has nerve try inverted flight loops eights etc. model took months construct model turned out quite large 50-in span sports approximately 800 sq wing area Total weight McCoy 40 engine 45 ounces favorable wing power loading results model stable easy fly will perform entire AMA stunt pattern well average non-flapped stunter Con struction simple strong can accomplished relatively short period time Construction begins wings Both wings identical exception landing gear tip weight After cutting out parts joining tip pieces pin down t over plan lower half trailing edge Pin center section main ribs both spars glue yet Glue ribs trailing edge sheet will result front ribs being raised above surface building board Check alignment plan insure spacing between center two ribs exactly lage width center ribs right angles trailing edge particular importance affects wing alignment final assembly satisfied cement top half trailing edge position allow dry thoroughly Notch X preformed leading edge shown glue 38 Model Aviation Top The classic Beecn prorile ariy aero dynamists claimed negative stagger would fly theorizing lowerwing would blanket upper steep climb Above Clarence shows big profile really Hard think profile ribs being sure ribs properly aligned Apply glue rib-to-sparjoints aid small brush dry remove plan install tips tip ribs tip spars Build two identical structures Select wing top install center planking planking will top bridged across center section ribs planking bottom top wing installed up center two ribs leaving slot inserting fuselage Bend up landing gear c wire attach plywood landing gear mounts J bolts Gouge out leading edge bolt clearance secure mounted gear legs epoxy Add reinforcements shown strengthen installation Plank center section install ounce tip weight outboard wingtip Coiled solder works well easily glued epoxy Tail surfaces cut medium weight 3/16 sheet balsa rudder-fin combination built up piece whole assembly offset shown top fuselage view Elevators joined 3/32 music wire standard RC elevator horn employed Use favorite hinge system Most currently available hinges satisfactory including piece molded van ety main consideration freedom movement profile fuselage cut two sheets 4 balsa joined edge edge scrap pieces joined make up t balsa reinforcement doubler left side fliselage outline best cut power jig saw hand coping saw may used hardwood engine mounts spaced suit engine used may glued place simul taneously ood doubler right fuselage side dry plywood doubler may cut away engine clearance bellcrank slot cut slot drill end 4 drill cut away area between drilled holes Smooth roughness file Drill engine mounting holes install blind mount nuts Cut out t doubler left side sand __UTfiJr___ ____IIIK __ __ __ ECICRAFT 0 ITS co N w 0 w w C, w -J -J fl z -J w N -J LL Bellcrank installation uses commercially available parts Two wheel collars position bellcrank music wire pivot Landing gear straps secure pivot fuselage Note bend pivot engage hole I/s ply fuse doubler Cotter key serves pushrod guide Large wheels allow ship flown rough Left fuselage doubler 1/2 balsa sheet gives fields Simple ply gear doors hamper contoured nose effect basic profile Solid operation off grass Gear mounts made tin wire leadouts wrapped soft copper wire can stock soldered gear wire Doors andsolderedWingwalkscutfrom22O-gritwetattached screws or-dry sandpaper adhered contact cement shape before gluing fuselage side Complete bellcrank slot after glue has dried Complete sanding total fuselage Note taper rear match rudder offset Check fit fuselage wing joints adjust required trimming adding small strips balsa joint should fit well causiog missalignment wings little extra time fitting joints will pay off appearance flight characteristics plan shows two forcing dowels strengthen profile fuselage wing mount area purely optional using light wood anticipating occasional roll over landing advisable using firm wood probably unnecessary point some preliminary finishing steps necessary components receive final sanding given two coats clear dope lightly sanded between coats Cover sheet tail parts GM Silkspan best accom plished laying dry paper wood brushing coat dope thinned 1 part dope 2 parts thinner Covering surfaces contributes greatly resistance splitting overall strength makes filling grain much easier procedure also desirable fuselage difficult due orange Aero Gloss dope trimming done MonoKote trim sheet Control surface outlines formed Vinyl tape obtained automotive parts house Wing walks cut 220-grit wet dry sand paper secured contact cement After finish complete control system installed Begin bellcrank pivot Bend piece c wire 90 degrees cut size shown plan short bend fitted hole ood fuselage doubler prevents pivot moving vertically bellcrank its bearing centered pivot two wheel collars will probably need trim fuselage slightly accommodate wheel collars entire assembly secured fuselage two landing gear clamp strap Either nylon metal will work combination retaining hole straps merely serve keep bellcrank position flight loads carried plywood fuselage doubler Install RC elevator horn right elevator install 3/32 music wire pushrod sure install cotter key pushrod guide time Attach solid wire leadouts bellcrank wrapping soldering joint shown photos 3- 4-oL tank secured rubber bathtub caulk 3M Fuel pick-up tube must aligned center engine venturi running both upright inverted flight Note lead ballast proper CG curves Lightly dampening Silkspan spray bottle will help respect does really affect dope-thinner mixture much Wings should covered GM 5GM Silkspan applied damp Lay dry piece wing structure position desired Dampen spray bottle smooth Out wrinkles Carefully lift edges apply dope peri meter structure no need apply dope ribs centersection planking will take place during subsequent coats Cover tips separately main panels using smaller piece aid avoiding wrinkles Trim off excess tissue build up good clear dope finish consisting 4 5 brushed coats very light wipe-down 600-grit sandpaper between coats will yield smooth finish Just careful sand through paper high spots ribs etc satisfied base finish assemble complete model Begin stabilizerelevator sure level perpendicular fuselage side square fuselage center line Glue securely install triange reinforce ments shown plan wise poke series small holes wood under glue joints allow good glue penetration secure bond Install rudder offset position shown plan Attach wings epoxy glue paying particular attention alignment mentioned during construction phase Utilize square check wing tip tail measure ments tape measure dry trim tissue between strut attachment ribs install wing struts warps evident may corrent steaming prior installing struts Slight warps can corrected installing struts Tri angular pieces cut t balsa produce faired-in look struts may wish provide some fillets between wing fuselage joints perhaps smooth out imperfections edges doublers An excellent product microballoons Mix micro-balloons some 5minute epoxy apply model Form fillets finger dipped dope thinner technique allows molding shaping fillets sanding landing gear doors cut 1 / 16 ply wood attached landing gear wire means tin strap cut food can lid strap should soldered c wire gear doors secured small sheet-metal screws small nails cut length soldered place doors quite durable fly grass fields add appearance model final finish now applied Brushed-on color finishes ok real neat job spraying best original model sprayed Thread outboard ends through leadout guide secure leadout guide left wing strut recommend installation control stops limit elevator travel 45 degrees up down easily accomplished soldering brass washer leadout wire bear against leadout guide Add loops control line hookup Mount engine wheels Select suitable fuel tank should hold between 3 4 ounces fuel stunt variety Either conven tional special profile type tanks secure tanks silicone rubber sometimes sold bathtub caulking cement material holds well unaffected fuel tends absorb some vibration glue needs dry several hours careful align center tank center engine venturi air intake will assure engine running same both upright inverted ie tank too high engine will lean Out upside down Check balance point shown plan add lead needed little nose heavy ok never attempt fly tail-heavy ship doubt add little nose weight 10-6 prop installed 0 15 60-foot multistrand lines attached ready first flight Pay particular attention initial flight necessary trim changes can Continued page 117 40 Modeg Aviation Aluminum leadout guide attacfled ply interplane struts sheet metal screws allowing positioning far line tension wing leveling flight trim Control stops brass washers soldered leadout wires tanaara li eievasor norn allows aojusImnL urn elevator sensitivity Farthest holes hinge line produce least sensitivity Elevatorfuselage loint reinforced triangle balsa XECUTIVE CORP AmItyvIll NY 11701 FAI team selection program Its again well underway time read Subject vote program entrants Team Finals will Pensacola FL excellent flying site over Labor Day weekend Rae Fritz excellent contest director will keep everybody honest Its guaranteed excitement worth watching cant compete outcome Second World Championships last year Belgium surely will have influence designs year So want see what F3B about see some designs dreams year ago think PensacolaLabor Day further information program contact Ray Marvin 2781 South Garfield Denver CO 80210 Lets go flying Dan Pruss RR 2 Box 490 Plainfield IL 60544 RC HELICOPTERS/CHESNEY co ntinued page 36 quired pull wing through air fast enough get plane air keep same true helicopterbut airplane drag largely result induced drag creating lift plus parasitic profile drag caused resistance bumps lumps like wheels canopies other junk sticking out airstream helicop ter also subject mechanical drag Powerrobbing drag bad enough binds helicopter gear train course binds running friction factor mechanics drive system should assembled carefully reduce friction Now succeed overcoming drag gravity get helicopter airplane moving forward flight similarities control response can checked out See Figure 2 airplane controlled about roll axis its ailerons increasing decreasing lift ofeach wing tip opposite other helicopter control similar ailerons called right/left cyclic lateral cyclic So roll bank airplane move aileron stick helicopter rolled banked using cycliclateral cyclic pitch axisthe airplane controlled elevator down elevator causes nose drop up elevator nose rise copter friend cyclic back again now forelaft cyclic longitudinal cyclic Longi tudinal cyclic causes helicopter nose pitch down forward command up aft command remember forward flight right now forward flight helicopter tail rotor similar rudder airplane both control yaw nose aircraft right left Right stick right yaw left stick left yaw airplane note some RC heli copter fliers set control linkage tail rotor right stick gives left nose right tail boom movement like fullscale helicopter Reasons changing tail rotor control will become apparent begin flight training set up normal yaw initially examples flight control similarity aircraft moving forward through air An airplane motion through air called parked tied-downmaybe crashed airplane must moving forward against relative airflow speed sufficient provide lift overcome gravity helicopter may indeed stop move rearward sideways because engine-driven rotating wings provide relative airflow helicopter will lifted off ground engine power rotor pitch set blades rotating against relative wind such way provide enough lift overcome gravity no other forces acting helicopter will hover Now lateral longitudinal cyclic controls may used slide helicopter laterally left right longi tudinally forward rearward tail rotor must used yaw control also keep fuselage spinning around against rotation main rotor Well get back tail rotor later now what cyclic pitch rotor blades Cyclic pitch changes responsible lateral longitudinal movement helicopter An application cyclic control causes pitch blade change opposite other effect blade will oscillate fixed collective pitch setting through positive relative pitch back collective reference pitch relative negative pitch setting back reference collective pitch setting highest lowest relative pitch positions blade will determined position cyclic stick Keep mind blade reaches its highest pitch opposite blade will its lowest pitch excursion blade during revolution like sine wave See Figure 3 Next month will have about cyclic collective pitch rotor head swash plate Dave Chesney Rt 9 Box 621A Greensboro NC 27409 CL BEECHCRAFT/HAUGHT continued page 40 made Instruct helper watch excessive outward yaw unlevel wings will able notice things circles center well another opinion always useful Too much outward yaw causes excessive line tension can see top bottom wings indicates correction needed Both conditions may alleviated relocating leadout guide see tops wings lower guide too much outward yaw move guide forward etc tail heavy model will too difficult control Too much nose weight makes model too sluggish controls too sensitive move pushrod bellcrank down elevator horn etc Level flight boring will find Beech fully aerobatic Loops basic maneuver Most beginners hold fixed amount too much up resulting mushy loop Try varying control throughout loop making big round Lazy eights logical progression inverted flight Begin normal loop neutral ize controls kr way through loop hesitating split second model its back shallow dive give down elevator come around end eight returning level flight Practice lazy eights extending inverted protion until achieve magical first lap inverted flight its merely matter practice Soon youll able tolerate lap upright level flight row Staggerwing SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT July 1980 117 Deep uselag full cabin b flight capability 112 40 to 60 EngInes igepan dowels lightness movable tail ORGANIZED surfaces actuated movable stubsHee S set 4 sturdy fries hoS OVer fit tail Soar Gull only4 years Vt favorite 8 11 magazirtes different its package clever innovations 4 MAG FILES $495 linkages designsend 5495 plus St 00 postage handtrrrg DON INDUSTRIES P0 BOX 388-K DOVER NH 03820 yourEngine flioo1 G IOw MIUGUE 1/eA Vat Scale Power Usable Power Greater Economy Send 4O & Stamped Addressed Envelope Dealer Inquiry Invited Davis Diesel Development Inc Box 141 Milford CT 06460
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/07
Page Numbers: 38, 39, 40, 117
0 Clarence Haught STAGGERWING word excites no explanation necessary doesnt no explanation possible D-17 Beechcraft classics called golden era aviationthe 1930s Like its contem poraries Howards Stinsons Wacos Beech prestigious private corporate aircraft designed speed passenger com fort Boasting such niceties mohair upholstery carpet sound proofing aircraft played major role making air travel acceptable alternative must executive trans portation Class did stop just fine internal appointments 20-25 coat hand-rubbed dope finishes protected beautified exterior fabric covering Close scrutiny required pick Out edges surface finishing tapes over ribs stringers Ribstitching lacing fabric wing ribs tied off top upper wings bottom lower panels minimize detracting bumps created knots beneath surface tape typically fine finishes paid themselves times over drag reduction increased fabric life Such finishes have known protect fabric up 25 years conventional 8-to 10-coat factory finishes allowed fabric deterioration occur little 8 10 years romance radial engines adds general appeal old birds High depend ability low weight-to-power ratio basic advantages Although lower pilot visibility de tracted popularity engine config uration personally know pilot short stature inadvertently allowed big Pratt Whitney R-985 engine devour wing Piper Super Cruiser Piper Comanche separate occasions Perhaps just round engines way letting its flat brethren know boss Airplanes category referred pilots airplanes required average duffer chauffer around Staggerwing pilots tend proud group Beech its critics initi ally claimed design would fly because negative stagger theorized bottom wing would blanket out air flow top wing steep climb probably same people insist aerodynamic ally bumble bee cannot fly About real criticism valid pilot visibility problem basically ground handling problem model presented designed entry CL Profile Scale local contest event designed create interest scale quickly built airplane addition event would encourage flight maneuvers usually undertaken true scale models has nerve try inverted flight loops eights etc. model took months construct model turned out quite large 50-in span sports approximately 800 sq wing area Total weight McCoy 40 engine 45 ounces favorable wing power loading results model stable easy fly will perform entire AMA stunt pattern well average non-flapped stunter Con struction simple strong can accomplished relatively short period time Construction begins wings Both wings identical exception landing gear tip weight After cutting out parts joining tip pieces pin down t over plan lower half trailing edge Pin center section main ribs both spars glue yet Glue ribs trailing edge sheet will result front ribs being raised above surface building board Check alignment plan insure spacing between center two ribs exactly lage width center ribs right angles trailing edge particular importance affects wing alignment final assembly satisfied cement top half trailing edge position allow dry thoroughly Notch X preformed leading edge shown glue 38 Model Aviation Top The classic Beecn prorile ariy aero dynamists claimed negative stagger would fly theorizing lowerwing would blanket upper steep climb Above Clarence shows big profile really Hard think profile ribs being sure ribs properly aligned Apply glue rib-to-sparjoints aid small brush dry remove plan install tips tip ribs tip spars Build two identical structures Select wing top install center planking planking will top bridged across center section ribs planking bottom top wing installed up center two ribs leaving slot inserting fuselage Bend up landing gear c wire attach plywood landing gear mounts J bolts Gouge out leading edge bolt clearance secure mounted gear legs epoxy Add reinforcements shown strengthen installation Plank center section install ounce tip weight outboard wingtip Coiled solder works well easily glued epoxy Tail surfaces cut medium weight 3/16 sheet balsa rudder-fin combination built up piece whole assembly offset shown top fuselage view Elevators joined 3/32 music wire standard RC elevator horn employed Use favorite hinge system Most currently available hinges satisfactory including piece molded van ety main consideration freedom movement profile fuselage cut two sheets 4 balsa joined edge edge scrap pieces joined make up t balsa reinforcement doubler left side fliselage outline best cut power jig saw hand coping saw may used hardwood engine mounts spaced suit engine used may glued place simul taneously ood doubler right fuselage side dry plywood doubler may cut away engine clearance bellcrank slot cut slot drill end 4 drill cut away area between drilled holes Smooth roughness file Drill engine mounting holes install blind mount nuts Cut out t doubler left side sand __UTfiJr___ ____IIIK __ __ __ ECICRAFT 0 ITS co N w 0 w w C, w -J -J fl z -J w N -J LL Bellcrank installation uses commercially available parts Two wheel collars position bellcrank music wire pivot Landing gear straps secure pivot fuselage Note bend pivot engage hole I/s ply fuse doubler Cotter key serves pushrod guide Large wheels allow ship flown rough Left fuselage doubler 1/2 balsa sheet gives fields Simple ply gear doors hamper contoured nose effect basic profile Solid operation off grass Gear mounts made tin wire leadouts wrapped soft copper wire can stock soldered gear wire Doors andsolderedWingwalkscutfrom22O-gritwetattached screws or-dry sandpaper adhered contact cement shape before gluing fuselage side Complete bellcrank slot after glue has dried Complete sanding total fuselage Note taper rear match rudder offset Check fit fuselage wing joints adjust required trimming adding small strips balsa joint should fit well causiog missalignment wings little extra time fitting joints will pay off appearance flight characteristics plan shows two forcing dowels strengthen profile fuselage wing mount area purely optional using light wood anticipating occasional roll over landing advisable using firm wood probably unnecessary point some preliminary finishing steps necessary components receive final sanding given two coats clear dope lightly sanded between coats Cover sheet tail parts GM Silkspan best accom plished laying dry paper wood brushing coat dope thinned 1 part dope 2 parts thinner Covering surfaces contributes greatly resistance splitting overall strength makes filling grain much easier procedure also desirable fuselage difficult due orange Aero Gloss dope trimming done MonoKote trim sheet Control surface outlines formed Vinyl tape obtained automotive parts house Wing walks cut 220-grit wet dry sand paper secured contact cement After finish complete control system installed Begin bellcrank pivot Bend piece c wire 90 degrees cut size shown plan short bend fitted hole ood fuselage doubler prevents pivot moving vertically bellcrank its bearing centered pivot two wheel collars will probably need trim fuselage slightly accommodate wheel collars entire assembly secured fuselage two landing gear clamp strap Either nylon metal will work combination retaining hole straps merely serve keep bellcrank position flight loads carried plywood fuselage doubler Install RC elevator horn right elevator install 3/32 music wire pushrod sure install cotter key pushrod guide time Attach solid wire leadouts bellcrank wrapping soldering joint shown photos 3- 4-oL tank secured rubber bathtub caulk 3M Fuel pick-up tube must aligned center engine venturi running both upright inverted flight Note lead ballast proper CG curves Lightly dampening Silkspan spray bottle will help respect does really affect dope-thinner mixture much Wings should covered GM 5GM Silkspan applied damp Lay dry piece wing structure position desired Dampen spray bottle smooth Out wrinkles Carefully lift edges apply dope peri meter structure no need apply dope ribs centersection planking will take place during subsequent coats Cover tips separately main panels using smaller piece aid avoiding wrinkles Trim off excess tissue build up good clear dope finish consisting 4 5 brushed coats very light wipe-down 600-grit sandpaper between coats will yield smooth finish Just careful sand through paper high spots ribs etc satisfied base finish assemble complete model Begin stabilizerelevator sure level perpendicular fuselage side square fuselage center line Glue securely install triange reinforce ments shown plan wise poke series small holes wood under glue joints allow good glue penetration secure bond Install rudder offset position shown plan Attach wings epoxy glue paying particular attention alignment mentioned during construction phase Utilize square check wing tip tail measure ments tape measure dry trim tissue between strut attachment ribs install wing struts warps evident may corrent steaming prior installing struts Slight warps can corrected installing struts Tri angular pieces cut t balsa produce faired-in look struts may wish provide some fillets between wing fuselage joints perhaps smooth out imperfections edges doublers An excellent product microballoons Mix micro-balloons some 5minute epoxy apply model Form fillets finger dipped dope thinner technique allows molding shaping fillets sanding landing gear doors cut 1 / 16 ply wood attached landing gear wire means tin strap cut food can lid strap should soldered c wire gear doors secured small sheet-metal screws small nails cut length soldered place doors quite durable fly grass fields add appearance model final finish now applied Brushed-on color finishes ok real neat job spraying best original model sprayed Thread outboard ends through leadout guide secure leadout guide left wing strut recommend installation control stops limit elevator travel 45 degrees up down easily accomplished soldering brass washer leadout wire bear against leadout guide Add loops control line hookup Mount engine wheels Select suitable fuel tank should hold between 3 4 ounces fuel stunt variety Either conven tional special profile type tanks secure tanks silicone rubber sometimes sold bathtub caulking cement material holds well unaffected fuel tends absorb some vibration glue needs dry several hours careful align center tank center engine venturi air intake will assure engine running same both upright inverted ie tank too high engine will lean Out upside down Check balance point shown plan add lead needed little nose heavy ok never attempt fly tail-heavy ship doubt add little nose weight 10-6 prop installed 0 15 60-foot multistrand lines attached ready first flight Pay particular attention initial flight necessary trim changes can Continued page 117 40 Modeg Aviation Aluminum leadout guide attacfled ply interplane struts sheet metal screws allowing positioning far line tension wing leveling flight trim Control stops brass washers soldered leadout wires tanaara li eievasor norn allows aojusImnL urn elevator sensitivity Farthest holes hinge line produce least sensitivity Elevatorfuselage loint reinforced triangle balsa XECUTIVE CORP AmItyvIll NY 11701 FAI team selection program Its again well underway time read Subject vote program entrants Team Finals will Pensacola FL excellent flying site over Labor Day weekend Rae Fritz excellent contest director will keep everybody honest Its guaranteed excitement worth watching cant compete outcome Second World Championships last year Belgium surely will have influence designs year So want see what F3B about see some designs dreams year ago think PensacolaLabor Day further information program contact Ray Marvin 2781 South Garfield Denver CO 80210 Lets go flying Dan Pruss RR 2 Box 490 Plainfield IL 60544 RC HELICOPTERS/CHESNEY co ntinued page 36 quired pull wing through air fast enough get plane air keep same true helicopterbut airplane drag largely result induced drag creating lift plus parasitic profile drag caused resistance bumps lumps like wheels canopies other junk sticking out airstream helicop ter also subject mechanical drag Powerrobbing drag bad enough binds helicopter gear train course binds running friction factor mechanics drive system should assembled carefully reduce friction Now succeed overcoming drag gravity get helicopter airplane moving forward flight similarities control response can checked out See Figure 2 airplane controlled about roll axis its ailerons increasing decreasing lift ofeach wing tip opposite other helicopter control similar ailerons called right/left cyclic lateral cyclic So roll bank airplane move aileron stick helicopter rolled banked using cycliclateral cyclic pitch axisthe airplane controlled elevator down elevator causes nose drop up elevator nose rise copter friend cyclic back again now forelaft cyclic longitudinal cyclic Longi tudinal cyclic causes helicopter nose pitch down forward command up aft command remember forward flight right now forward flight helicopter tail rotor similar rudder airplane both control yaw nose aircraft right left Right stick right yaw left stick left yaw airplane note some RC heli copter fliers set control linkage tail rotor right stick gives left nose right tail boom movement like fullscale helicopter Reasons changing tail rotor control will become apparent begin flight training set up normal yaw initially examples flight control similarity aircraft moving forward through air An airplane motion through air called parked tied-downmaybe crashed airplane must moving forward against relative airflow speed sufficient provide lift overcome gravity helicopter may indeed stop move rearward sideways because engine-driven rotating wings provide relative airflow helicopter will lifted off ground engine power rotor pitch set blades rotating against relative wind such way provide enough lift overcome gravity no other forces acting helicopter will hover Now lateral longitudinal cyclic controls may used slide helicopter laterally left right longi tudinally forward rearward tail rotor must used yaw control also keep fuselage spinning around against rotation main rotor Well get back tail rotor later now what cyclic pitch rotor blades Cyclic pitch changes responsible lateral longitudinal movement helicopter An application cyclic control causes pitch blade change opposite other effect blade will oscillate fixed collective pitch setting through positive relative pitch back collective reference pitch relative negative pitch setting back reference collective pitch setting highest lowest relative pitch positions blade will determined position cyclic stick Keep mind blade reaches its highest pitch opposite blade will its lowest pitch excursion blade during revolution like sine wave See Figure 3 Next month will have about cyclic collective pitch rotor head swash plate Dave Chesney Rt 9 Box 621A Greensboro NC 27409 CL BEECHCRAFT/HAUGHT continued page 40 made Instruct helper watch excessive outward yaw unlevel wings will able notice things circles center well another opinion always useful Too much outward yaw causes excessive line tension can see top bottom wings indicates correction needed Both conditions may alleviated relocating leadout guide see tops wings lower guide too much outward yaw move guide forward etc tail heavy model will too difficult control Too much nose weight makes model too sluggish controls too sensitive move pushrod bellcrank down elevator horn etc Level flight boring will find Beech fully aerobatic Loops basic maneuver Most beginners hold fixed amount too much up resulting mushy loop Try varying control throughout loop making big round Lazy eights logical progression inverted flight Begin normal loop neutral ize controls kr way through loop hesitating split second model its back shallow dive give down elevator come around end eight returning level flight Practice lazy eights extending inverted protion until achieve magical first lap inverted flight its merely matter practice Soon youll able tolerate lap upright level flight row Staggerwing SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT July 1980 117 Deep uselag full cabin b flight capability 112 40 to 60 EngInes igepan dowels lightness movable tail ORGANIZED surfaces actuated movable stubsHee S set 4 sturdy fries hoS OVer fit tail Soar Gull only4 years Vt favorite 8 11 magazirtes different its package clever innovations 4 MAG FILES $495 linkages designsend 5495 plus St 00 postage handtrrrg DON INDUSTRIES P0 BOX 388-K DOVER NH 03820 yourEngine flioo1 G IOw MIUGUE 1/eA Vat Scale Power Usable Power Greater Economy Send 4O & Stamped Addressed Envelope Dealer Inquiry Invited Davis Diesel Development Inc Box 141 Milford CT 06460