The author noted semiscale Precision Aerobatics models look great hands especially have outstanding contest record Sea Fury rearwon event 1972 1973 Nats Mustang Vwas 3rd 1974 Nats CL Stunt Design HEY GUYS long-stilled voice past Now like still somewhat controversial theories Stunt aerodynamics still think little misunderstood First have May 12 1982 employer Braniff went broke went 727 captain job airline paycheck liberal free time largely used build practice com pete Fortunately 1980 started video store something second hob Suddenly store became sole support Rabe family video hobby became 80-hour/week obsession effort survive financially Things better now Im back left seat new Braniff opening second video store Financial survival seems assured now two stores flying job doesnt appear Ill ever have time compete again Now Im about gone scene its difficult argue theories yeah theories never said exact science explain misunderstandings rebut feel Ive misquoted interest of us enjoy challenge breaking new Stunt ship saddle Im going summarize few previously-puhliied opinions offer some new ones Stunt trimming didnt always fly bent-wing dihe draled birds wiggly tails Several thousand flights very conventional Stunt ships convinced air planes yawed inward outside maneu vers particularly top outside squares top outside half square eight After talking other Stunt fliers decided experience unique set about trying explain correct tendency Like full-size plane pilots have nodding acquaintance both P ef fects gyroscopic precession full size airplane particular vividly demon strated both propeller effects 76 Model Aviation Fliers CL Preci sion Aerobatic Stunt models try design adjust aircraft flight characteristics line tension consistent attitudes author explains thinking several aspectsu Al Rabe F-51D Mustang has 37-ft span 12-ft diameter four-blade prop During start takeoff roll P effect monster prop requires nearly full-right rudder North American suggests use 6 right rudder trim well As tail rises P effect diminishes gyroscopic precession maintains strong left yawing force until Mustang fully up its main gear point rudder trim alone will supply nearly corrective force re quired offset small P effect dur ing lift-off subsequent climb aircraft slightly nose-high relative wind plane pussycat understand anticipate demands situation Its Mustang landings though probably sent unaware pilots through tulies final prop turns slowly full flaps Mustang has little positive nose up pitch goes pretty much nose pointed flare easy its relatively stiff gear Mustang shows little tendency bounce touch-dowit wheel land ing Mustang little rudder re quired final flare initial roll-out Once safely smoothly ground rolling out tail high prepare big surprise let tail settle rapidRELATiVE WIND ly look out 12-ft gyroscopic prop out gonna slew hard right sucker gonna head barn Continued page 174 f EFFEC1IVE ANGLE OFATTACK RELATIVE WfND ALTHOUGH WING APPROACHES STALL ASCENDING BLADE DESCENDING BLADE NEAR ThE SAME ANGLE TO THE RELATIVE WIND AND THEREFORE NEAR EQUAL THRUST WITH LITTLE YAW Left Heres Al fuzz-cheeked youngster P-51 Mustangs flew RIght 24 years 18000 flying hours later hes gray-bearded repository wisdom experience Trimming Precision Aerobatics model Al says trying until works right January1985 77 Als Mustang Vi has done well winning open Stunt event 1977 Nate placing 2nd World Championships theories controversial perhaps misunderstood ASCENDING BLADE HALLOW ANGLE TO WIND IS STEEP ANGLE TO RELATIVE WIND PRODUCING MORE ThRUST AND STRONG LEFT YAW ply doublers correct positions clamp rubberband place until dry Drill engine mounting holes land ing gear hole landing gear stop hole Use back-up piece wood avoid splintered exit hole Drill through engine area now fuselage can laid flat Keep drill right angle work Sand round corners Fuel proof engine area epoxy Assembly Slide main wing through fuselage wing slot sure wing positioned right angles fuselage both vertically horizontally Take time installation get correct satisfied give liberal ap plication thick CyA joint area like apply side time let ting dry doing other side Allow dry undisturbed make small fillets around wing/fuselage connection micro-balloons epoxy Wipe excess fillet material model let dry Drill holes through elevator ply doubler control horn Hinge elevator stabilizer using either small cloth hinges did own sewn hinges Insert elevator/stabilizer unit fuselage slot Make sure assembly both horizontally vertically square fuselage satisfied use CyA attaching fuselage Trial-fit fin/rudder rear fuselage Open up elevator cutout required ensure ease elevator movement Bevel rudder doublers sandpaper-covered dowel step satisfied fit align ment attach fin/rudder unit fuselage thick CyA sure sand bottom rudder match fuselage secure thick CyA surface filling repair dings final sanding Finish model like painted dope used self-stick trim sheet high lights original trim pattern shown plan use desired Form landing gear shape cut landing gear stop size Insert landing gear through fuselage landing gear stop its position Rub berband together Attach slim-type wheels favorite wheel retainers Make sure wheels rotate freely Bolt bellcrank mount Attach nylon control horn elevator doubler shape attach pushrod Shape glue tailskid bottom fuselage epoxy Attach braided cable control line leadouts bellcrank thread through ply lead-out guide make ends finished loops Glue outboard wing tip weight place thick CyA Pre-flight check model bal anced shown plans check see have equal amount up down elevator movement Select con trol horn hole provides control response want Eyeball finished model angles Check make sure nothing warped lopsided critical look over work anything looks could use bit extra work before going fly Flight time Take completed Sundancer flight lines handle battery fuel head out favorite flying site some fun Dont surprised fellow modelers walk over admire plane because has character wont let down doing thing th air either Just sure flight lines good engine will offer consistent runs Oh take plenty fuel. might flying Sundancer quite awhile bird wants fly get out have ball Im very pleased results Ive model will too Fly safely tell someone new about model building flying DIII Materials l/ x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V x 4 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V6 x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet light/medium grade lY2 x 6 x 12 Aircraft plywood lA6-in-dia Music wire 12-in Belicrank unit 1Flexible lead-out cables 1Small RC nylon control horn 2lY-in-dia Slim-style wheels 4Wheel retainers 1Perfect #19 Wedgtank oz 1049/O5l Engine prop 4Engine bolts w/lockwashers lock units Adhesives epoxy cyanoacrylates hinge material small fuel tubing finishing paints coverings small rubberbands Stunt DesignlRabe Continued page 77 using shortcut across grass Wouldnt know slow speed rudder nearly useless rolling out Mustang must carefully control pitch attitude rate let tail settle slowly residual rudder effectiveness will hold hold tail up too long let drop rapidly brakes will required stay concrete until locked tail wheel takes over roll-out gets easy again What has CL Stunt dont know about airplanes always got light outsides suggests left yawing gyro scopic precession stronger simultaneously-occurring right yaw P effects Ill admit precession V2-oz prop 3- 4-lb airplane probably doesnt supply lot yaw force first dont think much yaw re quired noticeably reduce tension outsides second dont think P effect much noticed Stunt ship P increases increasing angle attack because angle relative wind increases does differ ential thrust ascending descend ing blades prop full-size plane may reach large pitch angle rela tive wind slowed near stalling during accelerated pitch maneuvers See Fig 1 P will large angle tack large Most Stunt ships however have large full-span flaps dramati cally reduce body angle relative wind effective angle attack approaches stall See Fig 2 full-size planes stall angle always approximately same whether angle attack reached slow flight maneuvering loads 174 Model Aviation ACCURATE ABLE EASYTOREAD ACCUTACH NOW IN TWO MODELS 3 FUNCTION4 FUNCTION ACCUTACH ACCUTACH 2 79958995 Digital LCD tachometerSame useful capabilities has dual scale lOX-bOXas ACCU-TACH 1 stable RPM readoutincludes DC ammeter Full scale voltmeter canused check servo curbe used check/cyclerent Will find worn bindmost TXIRX battery com-ing stalled servo condi bos Reads loadtions w/SCA1 up 20 voltsAdd function ATi ACCESSORIESor OSAl- Quarter Scale Adaptor SCAl -Servo Current Adaptor ATi & AT2-500ma load . 995 Airtronics Futaba Kraft. 995 AVIINIrii3S Send check MO NorCal AVIONICS Inc P0 Box 70956 Sunnyvale CA 94086 Calif add 6% tax Add $2 S&H See dealer first same true Stunt ships largest effective angle attaek encountered during maneuvers shouldnt much dif ferent effective angle tack encountered Stunt ship approach es landing stall Full-size airplanes have great body angles land Stunt ships usually have small body angles land stall little nose-up pitch semiscale Stunt ships wont land three-point Gieseke others use long tail wheels will significant pitch means insignificant P conclusion have less tension outsides gyroscopic effects airplane also significant P effects case movable rudder having position controlled simultaneously same elevator causing yaw-producing pitch should theoretically could able neutral ize undesired yaw occurs honestly feel movable rudder deflection proportionately controlled elevator movement can theoretically neutralize yaw want have large capability trim both rudder offset travel use moving rudder asynunetrically undercompensate outward yaw sides slightly overcompensate inward yaw outsides create slight outward-line-tightening yaw maneu vers fact use asymmetrically greater right rudder travel left rudder travel commonly misinterpreted some people using right rudder kick outsides w1y Rudder travel both way required both theoretically prqplly obtain smoothest stroigst corners movable rudder worth effort Depends Stunt ship clean enough coast through pattern relatively little power have plenty side area aft can forget other hand go draggy air planes snarly engines fuselage side area somewhat dictated scale con siderations definitely Before leave subject rudder altogether has suggested endless trouble making straightwinged Mustunts rudder work Actually what article February 1973 4AM summarized Asymmetry reduced creating extra lift utboard wing adding tab out toard flap reduced hinging reducing tip weight series flights Further reduced hinging point Final rudder adjustments controlled 1atisfactorily rudder problem What about reversed up line front lead-outs personally believe 9ossible lead-outs yaw sirplane slightly during maneuvers Put ing up lead-out front should help anything typical Stunt ships ten lency lighten tension outsides Up n rear could theoretically aggravate tendency toward lighter tension out ddes short f lead-out position can cause yaw putting up lead-out front should lessen need compen sating rudder travelmaybe point eliminating need movable rud der altogether correction doesnt solve problem hopefully other will Its same logic using shotgun hunt birds discussion about P ef fect gyroscopic precession its strange everyone including has ignored very real possibly larger effect torque Torque twisting force entire airplane equal opposite direction force turning propeller Its effects also result spiraling propwash striking various vertical horizontal surfaces air craft constant tendency roll left under power should cause inside line ten sion less outside Designers full-size planes frequently compensate torque offsetting vertical fin leading edge left washing left wing slightly creasing its incidence washing out right wing slightly decreasing its inci dence Stunt designers have simply ig nored torque add inboard wing area outboard tip weight until airplane flies normally upright level flight damn way airplane behaves maneuvering flight suspect Stunt ship built perhaps 1 in inboard wing corresponding 1 washout outboard wing might make honest friendly airplane end lines noticeably fewer trim problems possible uncompensated torque effects obscure observations just what exactly airplane doing yaw roll hinge wobble various points pattern makes dif ficult analyze observations I I 0 I ENDURANCE RUBBER MODELS A ThE EASY U 99B ~ d 9 FLAPPING FLYER3 PARLOR PLANES 24 Sf.n6010 Sp legsSags 2 PARLORTHE SLOWPOKE Swo 16 1 COPTERSy 12 SOon $3350 Pt Prop THE TIME MACNINE PENNY S 13 MINIATURE SCALE AiRCRAr- ue es soao OUTSTANDING DETAILS 3-VIEWS & HISTORY 045 Strip Wood Light Sheet Hardware & Prop U Heat Transfers Japanese Tissue U PLASTIC CYLINDERS ALCO HEATH U ALCO SPORT 1929 ZIPPY SPORT ARV WATERMAN RACER 1921 HEATH PARASOL 1928 AERONCA K 1937 Span 16 Length 9 INDOOR MODEL AIRPLANES Law Gitiow 48 pga 100 illuat reprint PLAN. $395 U PEANUT POWER Hannan 80 pgs $895 U INDOOR BALSA PACK $695 P-NUT PACK $695 JAPAN ESE TISSUE 10 ige 5 col roil$596 CONDENSER PAPER 215250 MICROLITE $325 RUBBER LUBE $150 BALSA CEMENT $150 5 THRUST BEARINGS Mini Dual Dual$100 U PIRELLI RUBBER 020 090$235 61 WINDER $395161 MARK $1195 S P-NUT CO-2 ENGINE $3495CHARGER $895 P-NUT PROP PACK 4 props shafts ... $295 SCALE CYLINDERS 5 pack 3i8& 112 100 3 MS PNUTPLANSALL5 lOaheets $150QE ADD 10% POSTAGEMINIMUM POSTAGE $150 1383-4 CATALOG 16 ILLUST PBS 81 59V 0,g January1985 175 Model Magic EPOXY PLUS 25% Lighter Sands Carves Like Basswood Non Sagging Superior Strength & Adhesion 6 Fl Oz Equal 8 Oz Ordinary Epoxy Volume $895 Retail See dealer first write call Model Magic Products Inc ox 19784 St Paul MN 55119 715425-1397 T Yard Birds 12 Ptlo j5455 Prop 180 Consumers Guide MA 150 Ott St Harrlsonburg VA 22801 Address b definitely determine trim modification will result ef fect muddying blending con fusing results largely responsible proliferation theories probably completely accurate Im going try slightly twisted wing next Stunt ship doesnt work should possible remove undesired characteristics twisting flaps Whether correct torque Stunt ships can obviously made fly well result prag matic cut-and-try intellectual result analysis cause-and-effect Its also suggested dihedral makes Stunt ships unstable outside maneuvers Well out really believes won Nationals placed second World Chainpi onships unstable Mustang VI Id like meet happen own some property Im subdividing contact about purchasing lots low tide Seriously though dihedral doesnt make Stunt ship unstable what ef fect does have flight characteristics Well friends Ive flown heck lot flights straight-winged Stunt ships fliers have flown bentwing birds still honest opinion long dihedral matter anhedraltechnically negative dihedral used moderately lead-outs kept very near vertical center gravity no observable difference way Stunt ship dihedral flies inside outside maneu vers Stunt ship hangs straight suspended its lead-outs should fly straight whether bent wing Last Saturday Frank McMillan went out dust couple years accum ulation cobwebs off Mustang V built Ron Harding Frank both remarked outside line tension great outside corners smooth Inside line tension noticeably less ship slight tendency run circle takeoffs cranked cou ple turns rudder offset next three flights Inside line tension became excellent smooth corners Mustang quittrying run takeoff adjustments however hurt outside corners somewhat Next took out little rudder throw main tain left rudder position ad justing right rudder position back started worked great Now Mustang 2 oz fuel 2 span then. know guy could get hooked things guess doesnt make lot dif ference theories embrace Nobody right wrong Trim ming trying until works interested trimming ideas heres writing advertisers mention read about Model Aviation hint Mustunt article February 1973 American Aircraft Modeler Sea Fury article March 1973 AAM orig inally written three articles information Mustunts Sea Fury rather long article trim ming third article divided tween other two basic trimming Mustunt article advanced trim ming Go Broke CLWC GonerallJohnson Continued page 92 light years ahead performance fourth event F2D interna tional class Combat Americans see 15-size Slow Combat AMA FAI rules have changed enough over past eight years FAI Combat strange anymore contest site same used 1983 National Champion ships endless amount nice grassy practice area Combat fliers adequate practice room other events point 27 separate circles use simultaneously didnt count secret site numerous practice fields base around Chicopee area Speed Racing circles nylon nets keep out Combat models extra safety margin afforded nets allowed spectators close look Speed Racing competitors theyd usually get accommodations also very good Quality Inn well several other nearby hotels booked solidly modelers contest headquarters Quality Inn moved out flying site AMA people involved must given credit doing outstanding job planning meet its execution entire support staff hand make sure everything ran smoothly Foreign compet itors went home thoroughly impressed USAs ability run proper contest video revolution made its impact after-hours lifestyle com petitors coaches Thanks several enterprising filmmakers possible watch video replays days action Combat Racing Aerobatics sound track courtesy Speed circle though hotel meeting point modelers wasnt everyone stayed Dutch camped flying site choice bringing small team staying hotel very much larger contingent camping obviously overjoyed decision because took team prize Combat Racing individual prize Combat other competitors like Dutch traveling first class German Combat team hitchhiked Boston local Chicopee resident stopped helped load gear top 176 Model Aviation Second Edition Most Complete Guide Market 167 Manufacturers Importers etc 250 Pages postage $165 Total Cost $860 Send $860 includes shipping UPS APO foreign surface mail $1245 foreign air mail P SWEITZER ENTERPRISES TO RO\ 834 Hi lISRORO OR 97123 -503 640-SiOS o WNONaens HOG AND AHALF 5sg,d flied SOSE WEiOuNOT PRICE S 35ao BRISTOL M IC4 BULLET PRICE 5 36 50 IDEAL FOR 40 FOUR KE ENOINE ~5814 WHON 2 Sbeetn UFIORFy----I -*1 TOORuLENT NuNS ONLY SOIPPER FOLDER 00051 00 FOR TORE DRUINE TURBULENT PRICE 51650 ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE iee4C toe 055 S 400 FOR AiRMOiL FOREIGN ODERREAS OROERS-URD $1800
Edition: Model Aviation - 1985/01
Page Numbers: 76, 77, 174, 175, 176
The author noted semiscale Precision Aerobatics models look great hands especially have outstanding contest record Sea Fury rearwon event 1972 1973 Nats Mustang Vwas 3rd 1974 Nats CL Stunt Design HEY GUYS long-stilled voice past Now like still somewhat controversial theories Stunt aerodynamics still think little misunderstood First have May 12 1982 employer Braniff went broke went 727 captain job airline paycheck liberal free time largely used build practice com pete Fortunately 1980 started video store something second hob Suddenly store became sole support Rabe family video hobby became 80-hour/week obsession effort survive financially Things better now Im back left seat new Braniff opening second video store Financial survival seems assured now two stores flying job doesnt appear Ill ever have time compete again Now Im about gone scene its difficult argue theories yeah theories never said exact science explain misunderstandings rebut feel Ive misquoted interest of us enjoy challenge breaking new Stunt ship saddle Im going summarize few previously-puhliied opinions offer some new ones Stunt trimming didnt always fly bent-wing dihe draled birds wiggly tails Several thousand flights very conventional Stunt ships convinced air planes yawed inward outside maneu vers particularly top outside squares top outside half square eight After talking other Stunt fliers decided experience unique set about trying explain correct tendency Like full-size plane pilots have nodding acquaintance both P ef fects gyroscopic precession full size airplane particular vividly demon strated both propeller effects 76 Model Aviation Fliers CL Preci sion Aerobatic Stunt models try design adjust aircraft flight characteristics line tension consistent attitudes author explains thinking several aspectsu Al Rabe F-51D Mustang has 37-ft span 12-ft diameter four-blade prop During start takeoff roll P effect monster prop requires nearly full-right rudder North American suggests use 6 right rudder trim well As tail rises P effect diminishes gyroscopic precession maintains strong left yawing force until Mustang fully up its main gear point rudder trim alone will supply nearly corrective force re quired offset small P effect dur ing lift-off subsequent climb aircraft slightly nose-high relative wind plane pussycat understand anticipate demands situation Its Mustang landings though probably sent unaware pilots through tulies final prop turns slowly full flaps Mustang has little positive nose up pitch goes pretty much nose pointed flare easy its relatively stiff gear Mustang shows little tendency bounce touch-dowit wheel land ing Mustang little rudder re quired final flare initial roll-out Once safely smoothly ground rolling out tail high prepare big surprise let tail settle rapidRELATiVE WIND ly look out 12-ft gyroscopic prop out gonna slew hard right sucker gonna head barn Continued page 174 f EFFEC1IVE ANGLE OFATTACK RELATIVE WfND ALTHOUGH WING APPROACHES STALL ASCENDING BLADE DESCENDING BLADE NEAR ThE SAME ANGLE TO THE RELATIVE WIND AND THEREFORE NEAR EQUAL THRUST WITH LITTLE YAW Left Heres Al fuzz-cheeked youngster P-51 Mustangs flew RIght 24 years 18000 flying hours later hes gray-bearded repository wisdom experience Trimming Precision Aerobatics model Al says trying until works right January1985 77 Als Mustang Vi has done well winning open Stunt event 1977 Nate placing 2nd World Championships theories controversial perhaps misunderstood ASCENDING BLADE HALLOW ANGLE TO WIND IS STEEP ANGLE TO RELATIVE WIND PRODUCING MORE ThRUST AND STRONG LEFT YAW ply doublers correct positions clamp rubberband place until dry Drill engine mounting holes land ing gear hole landing gear stop hole Use back-up piece wood avoid splintered exit hole Drill through engine area now fuselage can laid flat Keep drill right angle work Sand round corners Fuel proof engine area epoxy Assembly Slide main wing through fuselage wing slot sure wing positioned right angles fuselage both vertically horizontally Take time installation get correct satisfied give liberal ap plication thick CyA joint area like apply side time let ting dry doing other side Allow dry undisturbed make small fillets around wing/fuselage connection micro-balloons epoxy Wipe excess fillet material model let dry Drill holes through elevator ply doubler control horn Hinge elevator stabilizer using either small cloth hinges did own sewn hinges Insert elevator/stabilizer unit fuselage slot Make sure assembly both horizontally vertically square fuselage satisfied use CyA attaching fuselage Trial-fit fin/rudder rear fuselage Open up elevator cutout required ensure ease elevator movement Bevel rudder doublers sandpaper-covered dowel step satisfied fit align ment attach fin/rudder unit fuselage thick CyA sure sand bottom rudder match fuselage secure thick CyA surface filling repair dings final sanding Finish model like painted dope used self-stick trim sheet high lights original trim pattern shown plan use desired Form landing gear shape cut landing gear stop size Insert landing gear through fuselage landing gear stop its position Rub berband together Attach slim-type wheels favorite wheel retainers Make sure wheels rotate freely Bolt bellcrank mount Attach nylon control horn elevator doubler shape attach pushrod Shape glue tailskid bottom fuselage epoxy Attach braided cable control line leadouts bellcrank thread through ply lead-out guide make ends finished loops Glue outboard wing tip weight place thick CyA Pre-flight check model bal anced shown plans check see have equal amount up down elevator movement Select con trol horn hole provides control response want Eyeball finished model angles Check make sure nothing warped lopsided critical look over work anything looks could use bit extra work before going fly Flight time Take completed Sundancer flight lines handle battery fuel head out favorite flying site some fun Dont surprised fellow modelers walk over admire plane because has character wont let down doing thing th air either Just sure flight lines good engine will offer consistent runs Oh take plenty fuel. might flying Sundancer quite awhile bird wants fly get out have ball Im very pleased results Ive model will too Fly safely tell someone new about model building flying DIII Materials l/ x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V x 4 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V6 x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet light/medium grade lY2 x 6 x 12 Aircraft plywood lA6-in-dia Music wire 12-in Belicrank unit 1Flexible lead-out cables 1Small RC nylon control horn 2lY-in-dia Slim-style wheels 4Wheel retainers 1Perfect #19 Wedgtank oz 1049/O5l Engine prop 4Engine bolts w/lockwashers lock units Adhesives epoxy cyanoacrylates hinge material small fuel tubing finishing paints coverings small rubberbands Stunt DesignlRabe Continued page 77 using shortcut across grass Wouldnt know slow speed rudder nearly useless rolling out Mustang must carefully control pitch attitude rate let tail settle slowly residual rudder effectiveness will hold hold tail up too long let drop rapidly brakes will required stay concrete until locked tail wheel takes over roll-out gets easy again What has CL Stunt dont know about airplanes always got light outsides suggests left yawing gyro scopic precession stronger simultaneously-occurring right yaw P effects Ill admit precession V2-oz prop 3- 4-lb airplane probably doesnt supply lot yaw force first dont think much yaw re quired noticeably reduce tension outsides second dont think P effect much noticed Stunt ship P increases increasing angle attack because angle relative wind increases does differ ential thrust ascending descend ing blades prop full-size plane may reach large pitch angle rela tive wind slowed near stalling during accelerated pitch maneuvers See Fig 1 P will large angle tack large Most Stunt ships however have large full-span flaps dramati cally reduce body angle relative wind effective angle attack approaches stall See Fig 2 full-size planes stall angle always approximately same whether angle attack reached slow flight maneuvering loads 174 Model Aviation ACCURATE ABLE EASYTOREAD ACCUTACH NOW IN TWO MODELS 3 FUNCTION4 FUNCTION ACCUTACH ACCUTACH 2 79958995 Digital LCD tachometerSame useful capabilities has dual scale lOX-bOXas ACCU-TACH 1 stable RPM readoutincludes DC ammeter Full scale voltmeter canused check servo curbe used check/cyclerent Will find worn bindmost TXIRX battery com-ing stalled servo condi bos Reads loadtions w/SCA1 up 20 voltsAdd function ATi ACCESSORIESor OSAl- Quarter Scale Adaptor SCAl -Servo Current Adaptor ATi & AT2-500ma load . 995 Airtronics Futaba Kraft. 995 AVIINIrii3S Send check MO NorCal AVIONICS Inc P0 Box 70956 Sunnyvale CA 94086 Calif add 6% tax Add $2 S&H See dealer first same true Stunt ships largest effective angle attaek encountered during maneuvers shouldnt much dif ferent effective angle tack encountered Stunt ship approach es landing stall Full-size airplanes have great body angles land Stunt ships usually have small body angles land stall little nose-up pitch semiscale Stunt ships wont land three-point Gieseke others use long tail wheels will significant pitch means insignificant P conclusion have less tension outsides gyroscopic effects airplane also significant P effects case movable rudder having position controlled simultaneously same elevator causing yaw-producing pitch should theoretically could able neutral ize undesired yaw occurs honestly feel movable rudder deflection proportionately controlled elevator movement can theoretically neutralize yaw want have large capability trim both rudder offset travel use moving rudder asynunetrically undercompensate outward yaw sides slightly overcompensate inward yaw outsides create slight outward-line-tightening yaw maneu vers fact use asymmetrically greater right rudder travel left rudder travel commonly misinterpreted some people using right rudder kick outsides w1y Rudder travel both way required both theoretically prqplly obtain smoothest stroigst corners movable rudder worth effort Depends Stunt ship clean enough coast through pattern relatively little power have plenty side area aft can forget other hand go draggy air planes snarly engines fuselage side area somewhat dictated scale con siderations definitely Before leave subject rudder altogether has suggested endless trouble making straightwinged Mustunts rudder work Actually what article February 1973 4AM summarized Asymmetry reduced creating extra lift utboard wing adding tab out toard flap reduced hinging reducing tip weight series flights Further reduced hinging point Final rudder adjustments controlled 1atisfactorily rudder problem What about reversed up line front lead-outs personally believe 9ossible lead-outs yaw sirplane slightly during maneuvers Put ing up lead-out front should help anything typical Stunt ships ten lency lighten tension outsides Up n rear could theoretically aggravate tendency toward lighter tension out ddes short f lead-out position can cause yaw putting up lead-out front should lessen need compen sating rudder travelmaybe point eliminating need movable rud der altogether correction doesnt solve problem hopefully other will Its same logic using shotgun hunt birds discussion about P ef fect gyroscopic precession its strange everyone including has ignored very real possibly larger effect torque Torque twisting force entire airplane equal opposite direction force turning propeller Its effects also result spiraling propwash striking various vertical horizontal surfaces air craft constant tendency roll left under power should cause inside line ten sion less outside Designers full-size planes frequently compensate torque offsetting vertical fin leading edge left washing left wing slightly creasing its incidence washing out right wing slightly decreasing its inci dence Stunt designers have simply ig nored torque add inboard wing area outboard tip weight until airplane flies normally upright level flight damn way airplane behaves maneuvering flight suspect Stunt ship built perhaps 1 in inboard wing corresponding 1 washout outboard wing might make honest friendly airplane end lines noticeably fewer trim problems possible uncompensated torque effects obscure observations just what exactly airplane doing yaw roll hinge wobble various points pattern makes dif ficult analyze observations I I 0 I ENDURANCE RUBBER MODELS A ThE EASY U 99B ~ d 9 FLAPPING FLYER3 PARLOR PLANES 24 Sf.n6010 Sp legsSags 2 PARLORTHE SLOWPOKE Swo 16 1 COPTERSy 12 SOon $3350 Pt Prop THE TIME MACNINE PENNY S 13 MINIATURE SCALE AiRCRAr- ue es soao OUTSTANDING DETAILS 3-VIEWS & HISTORY 045 Strip Wood Light Sheet Hardware & Prop U Heat Transfers Japanese Tissue U PLASTIC CYLINDERS ALCO HEATH U ALCO SPORT 1929 ZIPPY SPORT ARV WATERMAN RACER 1921 HEATH PARASOL 1928 AERONCA K 1937 Span 16 Length 9 INDOOR MODEL AIRPLANES Law Gitiow 48 pga 100 illuat reprint PLAN. $395 U PEANUT POWER Hannan 80 pgs $895 U INDOOR BALSA PACK $695 P-NUT PACK $695 JAPAN ESE TISSUE 10 ige 5 col roil$596 CONDENSER PAPER 215250 MICROLITE $325 RUBBER LUBE $150 BALSA CEMENT $150 5 THRUST BEARINGS Mini Dual Dual$100 U PIRELLI RUBBER 020 090$235 61 WINDER $395161 MARK $1195 S P-NUT CO-2 ENGINE $3495CHARGER $895 P-NUT PROP PACK 4 props shafts ... $295 SCALE CYLINDERS 5 pack 3i8& 112 100 3 MS PNUTPLANSALL5 lOaheets $150QE ADD 10% POSTAGEMINIMUM POSTAGE $150 1383-4 CATALOG 16 ILLUST PBS 81 59V 0,g January1985 175 Model Magic EPOXY PLUS 25% Lighter Sands Carves Like Basswood Non Sagging Superior Strength & Adhesion 6 Fl Oz Equal 8 Oz Ordinary Epoxy Volume $895 Retail See dealer first write call Model Magic Products Inc ox 19784 St Paul MN 55119 715425-1397 T Yard Birds 12 Ptlo j5455 Prop 180 Consumers Guide MA 150 Ott St Harrlsonburg VA 22801 Address b definitely determine trim modification will result ef fect muddying blending con fusing results largely responsible proliferation theories probably completely accurate Im going try slightly twisted wing next Stunt ship doesnt work should possible remove undesired characteristics twisting flaps Whether correct torque Stunt ships can obviously made fly well result prag matic cut-and-try intellectual result analysis cause-and-effect Its also suggested dihedral makes Stunt ships unstable outside maneuvers Well out really believes won Nationals placed second World Chainpi onships unstable Mustang VI Id like meet happen own some property Im subdividing contact about purchasing lots low tide Seriously though dihedral doesnt make Stunt ship unstable what ef fect does have flight characteristics Well friends Ive flown heck lot flights straight-winged Stunt ships fliers have flown bentwing birds still honest opinion long dihedral matter anhedraltechnically negative dihedral used moderately lead-outs kept very near vertical center gravity no observable difference way Stunt ship dihedral flies inside outside maneu vers Stunt ship hangs straight suspended its lead-outs should fly straight whether bent wing Last Saturday Frank McMillan went out dust couple years accum ulation cobwebs off Mustang V built Ron Harding Frank both remarked outside line tension great outside corners smooth Inside line tension noticeably less ship slight tendency run circle takeoffs cranked cou ple turns rudder offset next three flights Inside line tension became excellent smooth corners Mustang quittrying run takeoff adjustments however hurt outside corners somewhat Next took out little rudder throw main tain left rudder position ad justing right rudder position back started worked great Now Mustang 2 oz fuel 2 span then. know guy could get hooked things guess doesnt make lot dif ference theories embrace Nobody right wrong Trim ming trying until works interested trimming ideas heres writing advertisers mention read about Model Aviation hint Mustunt article February 1973 American Aircraft Modeler Sea Fury article March 1973 AAM orig inally written three articles information Mustunts Sea Fury rather long article trim ming third article divided tween other two basic trimming Mustunt article advanced trim ming Go Broke CLWC GonerallJohnson Continued page 92 light years ahead performance fourth event F2D interna tional class Combat Americans see 15-size Slow Combat AMA FAI rules have changed enough over past eight years FAI Combat strange anymore contest site same used 1983 National Champion ships endless amount nice grassy practice area Combat fliers adequate practice room other events point 27 separate circles use simultaneously didnt count secret site numerous practice fields base around Chicopee area Speed Racing circles nylon nets keep out Combat models extra safety margin afforded nets allowed spectators close look Speed Racing competitors theyd usually get accommodations also very good Quality Inn well several other nearby hotels booked solidly modelers contest headquarters Quality Inn moved out flying site AMA people involved must given credit doing outstanding job planning meet its execution entire support staff hand make sure everything ran smoothly Foreign compet itors went home thoroughly impressed USAs ability run proper contest video revolution made its impact after-hours lifestyle com petitors coaches Thanks several enterprising filmmakers possible watch video replays days action Combat Racing Aerobatics sound track courtesy Speed circle though hotel meeting point modelers wasnt everyone stayed Dutch camped flying site choice bringing small team staying hotel very much larger contingent camping obviously overjoyed decision because took team prize Combat Racing individual prize Combat other competitors like Dutch traveling first class German Combat team hitchhiked Boston local Chicopee resident stopped helped load gear top 176 Model Aviation Second Edition Most Complete Guide Market 167 Manufacturers Importers etc 250 Pages postage $165 Total Cost $860 Send $860 includes shipping UPS APO foreign surface mail $1245 foreign air mail P SWEITZER ENTERPRISES TO RO\ 834 Hi lISRORO OR 97123 -503 640-SiOS o WNONaens HOG AND AHALF 5sg,d flied SOSE WEiOuNOT PRICE S 35ao BRISTOL M IC4 BULLET PRICE 5 36 50 IDEAL FOR 40 FOUR KE ENOINE ~5814 WHON 2 Sbeetn UFIORFy----I -*1 TOORuLENT NuNS ONLY SOIPPER FOLDER 00051 00 FOR TORE DRUINE TURBULENT PRICE 51650 ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE iee4C toe 055 S 400 FOR AiRMOiL FOREIGN ODERREAS OROERS-URD $1800
Edition: Model Aviation - 1985/01
Page Numbers: 76, 77, 174, 175, 176
The author noted semiscale Precision Aerobatics models look great hands especially have outstanding contest record Sea Fury rearwon event 1972 1973 Nats Mustang Vwas 3rd 1974 Nats CL Stunt Design HEY GUYS long-stilled voice past Now like still somewhat controversial theories Stunt aerodynamics still think little misunderstood First have May 12 1982 employer Braniff went broke went 727 captain job airline paycheck liberal free time largely used build practice com pete Fortunately 1980 started video store something second hob Suddenly store became sole support Rabe family video hobby became 80-hour/week obsession effort survive financially Things better now Im back left seat new Braniff opening second video store Financial survival seems assured now two stores flying job doesnt appear Ill ever have time compete again Now Im about gone scene its difficult argue theories yeah theories never said exact science explain misunderstandings rebut feel Ive misquoted interest of us enjoy challenge breaking new Stunt ship saddle Im going summarize few previously-puhliied opinions offer some new ones Stunt trimming didnt always fly bent-wing dihe draled birds wiggly tails Several thousand flights very conventional Stunt ships convinced air planes yawed inward outside maneu vers particularly top outside squares top outside half square eight After talking other Stunt fliers decided experience unique set about trying explain correct tendency Like full-size plane pilots have nodding acquaintance both P ef fects gyroscopic precession full size airplane particular vividly demon strated both propeller effects 76 Model Aviation Fliers CL Preci sion Aerobatic Stunt models try design adjust aircraft flight characteristics line tension consistent attitudes author explains thinking several aspectsu Al Rabe F-51D Mustang has 37-ft span 12-ft diameter four-blade prop During start takeoff roll P effect monster prop requires nearly full-right rudder North American suggests use 6 right rudder trim well As tail rises P effect diminishes gyroscopic precession maintains strong left yawing force until Mustang fully up its main gear point rudder trim alone will supply nearly corrective force re quired offset small P effect dur ing lift-off subsequent climb aircraft slightly nose-high relative wind plane pussycat understand anticipate demands situation Its Mustang landings though probably sent unaware pilots through tulies final prop turns slowly full flaps Mustang has little positive nose up pitch goes pretty much nose pointed flare easy its relatively stiff gear Mustang shows little tendency bounce touch-dowit wheel land ing Mustang little rudder re quired final flare initial roll-out Once safely smoothly ground rolling out tail high prepare big surprise let tail settle rapidRELATiVE WIND ly look out 12-ft gyroscopic prop out gonna slew hard right sucker gonna head barn Continued page 174 f EFFEC1IVE ANGLE OFATTACK RELATIVE WfND ALTHOUGH WING APPROACHES STALL ASCENDING BLADE DESCENDING BLADE NEAR ThE SAME ANGLE TO THE RELATIVE WIND AND THEREFORE NEAR EQUAL THRUST WITH LITTLE YAW Left Heres Al fuzz-cheeked youngster P-51 Mustangs flew RIght 24 years 18000 flying hours later hes gray-bearded repository wisdom experience Trimming Precision Aerobatics model Al says trying until works right January1985 77 Als Mustang Vi has done well winning open Stunt event 1977 Nate placing 2nd World Championships theories controversial perhaps misunderstood ASCENDING BLADE HALLOW ANGLE TO WIND IS STEEP ANGLE TO RELATIVE WIND PRODUCING MORE ThRUST AND STRONG LEFT YAW ply doublers correct positions clamp rubberband place until dry Drill engine mounting holes land ing gear hole landing gear stop hole Use back-up piece wood avoid splintered exit hole Drill through engine area now fuselage can laid flat Keep drill right angle work Sand round corners Fuel proof engine area epoxy Assembly Slide main wing through fuselage wing slot sure wing positioned right angles fuselage both vertically horizontally Take time installation get correct satisfied give liberal ap plication thick CyA joint area like apply side time let ting dry doing other side Allow dry undisturbed make small fillets around wing/fuselage connection micro-balloons epoxy Wipe excess fillet material model let dry Drill holes through elevator ply doubler control horn Hinge elevator stabilizer using either small cloth hinges did own sewn hinges Insert elevator/stabilizer unit fuselage slot Make sure assembly both horizontally vertically square fuselage satisfied use CyA attaching fuselage Trial-fit fin/rudder rear fuselage Open up elevator cutout required ensure ease elevator movement Bevel rudder doublers sandpaper-covered dowel step satisfied fit align ment attach fin/rudder unit fuselage thick CyA sure sand bottom rudder match fuselage secure thick CyA surface filling repair dings final sanding Finish model like painted dope used self-stick trim sheet high lights original trim pattern shown plan use desired Form landing gear shape cut landing gear stop size Insert landing gear through fuselage landing gear stop its position Rub berband together Attach slim-type wheels favorite wheel retainers Make sure wheels rotate freely Bolt bellcrank mount Attach nylon control horn elevator doubler shape attach pushrod Shape glue tailskid bottom fuselage epoxy Attach braided cable control line leadouts bellcrank thread through ply lead-out guide make ends finished loops Glue outboard wing tip weight place thick CyA Pre-flight check model bal anced shown plans check see have equal amount up down elevator movement Select con trol horn hole provides control response want Eyeball finished model angles Check make sure nothing warped lopsided critical look over work anything looks could use bit extra work before going fly Flight time Take completed Sundancer flight lines handle battery fuel head out favorite flying site some fun Dont surprised fellow modelers walk over admire plane because has character wont let down doing thing th air either Just sure flight lines good engine will offer consistent runs Oh take plenty fuel. might flying Sundancer quite awhile bird wants fly get out have ball Im very pleased results Ive model will too Fly safely tell someone new about model building flying DIII Materials l/ x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V x 4 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V6 x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet light/medium grade lY2 x 6 x 12 Aircraft plywood lA6-in-dia Music wire 12-in Belicrank unit 1Flexible lead-out cables 1Small RC nylon control horn 2lY-in-dia Slim-style wheels 4Wheel retainers 1Perfect #19 Wedgtank oz 1049/O5l Engine prop 4Engine bolts w/lockwashers lock units Adhesives epoxy cyanoacrylates hinge material small fuel tubing finishing paints coverings small rubberbands Stunt DesignlRabe Continued page 77 using shortcut across grass Wouldnt know slow speed rudder nearly useless rolling out Mustang must carefully control pitch attitude rate let tail settle slowly residual rudder effectiveness will hold hold tail up too long let drop rapidly brakes will required stay concrete until locked tail wheel takes over roll-out gets easy again What has CL Stunt dont know about airplanes always got light outsides suggests left yawing gyro scopic precession stronger simultaneously-occurring right yaw P effects Ill admit precession V2-oz prop 3- 4-lb airplane probably doesnt supply lot yaw force first dont think much yaw re quired noticeably reduce tension outsides second dont think P effect much noticed Stunt ship P increases increasing angle attack because angle relative wind increases does differ ential thrust ascending descend ing blades prop full-size plane may reach large pitch angle rela tive wind slowed near stalling during accelerated pitch maneuvers See Fig 1 P will large angle tack large Most Stunt ships however have large full-span flaps dramati cally reduce body angle relative wind effective angle attack approaches stall See Fig 2 full-size planes stall angle always approximately same whether angle attack reached slow flight maneuvering loads 174 Model Aviation ACCURATE ABLE EASYTOREAD ACCUTACH NOW IN TWO MODELS 3 FUNCTION4 FUNCTION ACCUTACH ACCUTACH 2 79958995 Digital LCD tachometerSame useful capabilities has dual scale lOX-bOXas ACCU-TACH 1 stable RPM readoutincludes DC ammeter Full scale voltmeter canused check servo curbe used check/cyclerent Will find worn bindmost TXIRX battery com-ing stalled servo condi bos Reads loadtions w/SCA1 up 20 voltsAdd function ATi ACCESSORIESor OSAl- Quarter Scale Adaptor SCAl -Servo Current Adaptor ATi & AT2-500ma load . 995 Airtronics Futaba Kraft. 995 AVIINIrii3S Send check MO NorCal AVIONICS Inc P0 Box 70956 Sunnyvale CA 94086 Calif add 6% tax Add $2 S&H See dealer first same true Stunt ships largest effective angle attaek encountered during maneuvers shouldnt much dif ferent effective angle tack encountered Stunt ship approach es landing stall Full-size airplanes have great body angles land Stunt ships usually have small body angles land stall little nose-up pitch semiscale Stunt ships wont land three-point Gieseke others use long tail wheels will significant pitch means insignificant P conclusion have less tension outsides gyroscopic effects airplane also significant P effects case movable rudder having position controlled simultaneously same elevator causing yaw-producing pitch should theoretically could able neutral ize undesired yaw occurs honestly feel movable rudder deflection proportionately controlled elevator movement can theoretically neutralize yaw want have large capability trim both rudder offset travel use moving rudder asynunetrically undercompensate outward yaw sides slightly overcompensate inward yaw outsides create slight outward-line-tightening yaw maneu vers fact use asymmetrically greater right rudder travel left rudder travel commonly misinterpreted some people using right rudder kick outsides w1y Rudder travel both way required both theoretically prqplly obtain smoothest stroigst corners movable rudder worth effort Depends Stunt ship clean enough coast through pattern relatively little power have plenty side area aft can forget other hand go draggy air planes snarly engines fuselage side area somewhat dictated scale con siderations definitely Before leave subject rudder altogether has suggested endless trouble making straightwinged Mustunts rudder work Actually what article February 1973 4AM summarized Asymmetry reduced creating extra lift utboard wing adding tab out toard flap reduced hinging reducing tip weight series flights Further reduced hinging point Final rudder adjustments controlled 1atisfactorily rudder problem What about reversed up line front lead-outs personally believe 9ossible lead-outs yaw sirplane slightly during maneuvers Put ing up lead-out front should help anything typical Stunt ships ten lency lighten tension outsides Up n rear could theoretically aggravate tendency toward lighter tension out ddes short f lead-out position can cause yaw putting up lead-out front should lessen need compen sating rudder travelmaybe point eliminating need movable rud der altogether correction doesnt solve problem hopefully other will Its same logic using shotgun hunt birds discussion about P ef fect gyroscopic precession its strange everyone including has ignored very real possibly larger effect torque Torque twisting force entire airplane equal opposite direction force turning propeller Its effects also result spiraling propwash striking various vertical horizontal surfaces air craft constant tendency roll left under power should cause inside line ten sion less outside Designers full-size planes frequently compensate torque offsetting vertical fin leading edge left washing left wing slightly creasing its incidence washing out right wing slightly decreasing its inci dence Stunt designers have simply ig nored torque add inboard wing area outboard tip weight until airplane flies normally upright level flight damn way airplane behaves maneuvering flight suspect Stunt ship built perhaps 1 in inboard wing corresponding 1 washout outboard wing might make honest friendly airplane end lines noticeably fewer trim problems possible uncompensated torque effects obscure observations just what exactly airplane doing yaw roll hinge wobble various points pattern makes dif ficult analyze observations I I 0 I ENDURANCE RUBBER MODELS A ThE EASY U 99B ~ d 9 FLAPPING FLYER3 PARLOR PLANES 24 Sf.n6010 Sp legsSags 2 PARLORTHE SLOWPOKE Swo 16 1 COPTERSy 12 SOon $3350 Pt Prop THE TIME MACNINE PENNY S 13 MINIATURE SCALE AiRCRAr- ue es soao OUTSTANDING DETAILS 3-VIEWS & HISTORY 045 Strip Wood Light Sheet Hardware & Prop U Heat Transfers Japanese Tissue U PLASTIC CYLINDERS ALCO HEATH U ALCO SPORT 1929 ZIPPY SPORT ARV WATERMAN RACER 1921 HEATH PARASOL 1928 AERONCA K 1937 Span 16 Length 9 INDOOR MODEL AIRPLANES Law Gitiow 48 pga 100 illuat reprint PLAN. $395 U PEANUT POWER Hannan 80 pgs $895 U INDOOR BALSA PACK $695 P-NUT PACK $695 JAPAN ESE TISSUE 10 ige 5 col roil$596 CONDENSER PAPER 215250 MICROLITE $325 RUBBER LUBE $150 BALSA CEMENT $150 5 THRUST BEARINGS Mini Dual Dual$100 U PIRELLI RUBBER 020 090$235 61 WINDER $395161 MARK $1195 S P-NUT CO-2 ENGINE $3495CHARGER $895 P-NUT PROP PACK 4 props shafts ... $295 SCALE CYLINDERS 5 pack 3i8& 112 100 3 MS PNUTPLANSALL5 lOaheets $150QE ADD 10% POSTAGEMINIMUM POSTAGE $150 1383-4 CATALOG 16 ILLUST PBS 81 59V 0,g January1985 175 Model Magic EPOXY PLUS 25% Lighter Sands Carves Like Basswood Non Sagging Superior Strength & Adhesion 6 Fl Oz Equal 8 Oz Ordinary Epoxy Volume $895 Retail See dealer first write call Model Magic Products Inc ox 19784 St Paul MN 55119 715425-1397 T Yard Birds 12 Ptlo j5455 Prop 180 Consumers Guide MA 150 Ott St Harrlsonburg VA 22801 Address b definitely determine trim modification will result ef fect muddying blending con fusing results largely responsible proliferation theories probably completely accurate Im going try slightly twisted wing next Stunt ship doesnt work should possible remove undesired characteristics twisting flaps Whether correct torque Stunt ships can obviously made fly well result prag matic cut-and-try intellectual result analysis cause-and-effect Its also suggested dihedral makes Stunt ships unstable outside maneuvers Well out really believes won Nationals placed second World Chainpi onships unstable Mustang VI Id like meet happen own some property Im subdividing contact about purchasing lots low tide Seriously though dihedral doesnt make Stunt ship unstable what ef fect does have flight characteristics Well friends Ive flown heck lot flights straight-winged Stunt ships fliers have flown bentwing birds still honest opinion long dihedral matter anhedraltechnically negative dihedral used moderately lead-outs kept very near vertical center gravity no observable difference way Stunt ship dihedral flies inside outside maneu vers Stunt ship hangs straight suspended its lead-outs should fly straight whether bent wing Last Saturday Frank McMillan went out dust couple years accum ulation cobwebs off Mustang V built Ron Harding Frank both remarked outside line tension great outside corners smooth Inside line tension noticeably less ship slight tendency run circle takeoffs cranked cou ple turns rudder offset next three flights Inside line tension became excellent smooth corners Mustang quittrying run takeoff adjustments however hurt outside corners somewhat Next took out little rudder throw main tain left rudder position ad justing right rudder position back started worked great Now Mustang 2 oz fuel 2 span then. know guy could get hooked things guess doesnt make lot dif ference theories embrace Nobody right wrong Trim ming trying until works interested trimming ideas heres writing advertisers mention read about Model Aviation hint Mustunt article February 1973 American Aircraft Modeler Sea Fury article March 1973 AAM orig inally written three articles information Mustunts Sea Fury rather long article trim ming third article divided tween other two basic trimming Mustunt article advanced trim ming Go Broke CLWC GonerallJohnson Continued page 92 light years ahead performance fourth event F2D interna tional class Combat Americans see 15-size Slow Combat AMA FAI rules have changed enough over past eight years FAI Combat strange anymore contest site same used 1983 National Champion ships endless amount nice grassy practice area Combat fliers adequate practice room other events point 27 separate circles use simultaneously didnt count secret site numerous practice fields base around Chicopee area Speed Racing circles nylon nets keep out Combat models extra safety margin afforded nets allowed spectators close look Speed Racing competitors theyd usually get accommodations also very good Quality Inn well several other nearby hotels booked solidly modelers contest headquarters Quality Inn moved out flying site AMA people involved must given credit doing outstanding job planning meet its execution entire support staff hand make sure everything ran smoothly Foreign compet itors went home thoroughly impressed USAs ability run proper contest video revolution made its impact after-hours lifestyle com petitors coaches Thanks several enterprising filmmakers possible watch video replays days action Combat Racing Aerobatics sound track courtesy Speed circle though hotel meeting point modelers wasnt everyone stayed Dutch camped flying site choice bringing small team staying hotel very much larger contingent camping obviously overjoyed decision because took team prize Combat Racing individual prize Combat other competitors like Dutch traveling first class German Combat team hitchhiked Boston local Chicopee resident stopped helped load gear top 176 Model Aviation Second Edition Most Complete Guide Market 167 Manufacturers Importers etc 250 Pages postage $165 Total Cost $860 Send $860 includes shipping UPS APO foreign surface mail $1245 foreign air mail P SWEITZER ENTERPRISES TO RO\ 834 Hi lISRORO OR 97123 -503 640-SiOS o WNONaens HOG AND AHALF 5sg,d flied SOSE WEiOuNOT PRICE S 35ao BRISTOL M IC4 BULLET PRICE 5 36 50 IDEAL FOR 40 FOUR KE ENOINE ~5814 WHON 2 Sbeetn UFIORFy----I -*1 TOORuLENT NuNS ONLY SOIPPER FOLDER 00051 00 FOR TORE DRUINE TURBULENT PRICE 51650 ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE iee4C toe 055 S 400 FOR AiRMOiL FOREIGN ODERREAS OROERS-URD $1800
Edition: Model Aviation - 1985/01
Page Numbers: 76, 77, 174, 175, 176
The author noted semiscale Precision Aerobatics models look great hands especially have outstanding contest record Sea Fury rearwon event 1972 1973 Nats Mustang Vwas 3rd 1974 Nats CL Stunt Design HEY GUYS long-stilled voice past Now like still somewhat controversial theories Stunt aerodynamics still think little misunderstood First have May 12 1982 employer Braniff went broke went 727 captain job airline paycheck liberal free time largely used build practice com pete Fortunately 1980 started video store something second hob Suddenly store became sole support Rabe family video hobby became 80-hour/week obsession effort survive financially Things better now Im back left seat new Braniff opening second video store Financial survival seems assured now two stores flying job doesnt appear Ill ever have time compete again Now Im about gone scene its difficult argue theories yeah theories never said exact science explain misunderstandings rebut feel Ive misquoted interest of us enjoy challenge breaking new Stunt ship saddle Im going summarize few previously-puhliied opinions offer some new ones Stunt trimming didnt always fly bent-wing dihe draled birds wiggly tails Several thousand flights very conventional Stunt ships convinced air planes yawed inward outside maneu vers particularly top outside squares top outside half square eight After talking other Stunt fliers decided experience unique set about trying explain correct tendency Like full-size plane pilots have nodding acquaintance both P ef fects gyroscopic precession full size airplane particular vividly demon strated both propeller effects 76 Model Aviation Fliers CL Preci sion Aerobatic Stunt models try design adjust aircraft flight characteristics line tension consistent attitudes author explains thinking several aspectsu Al Rabe F-51D Mustang has 37-ft span 12-ft diameter four-blade prop During start takeoff roll P effect monster prop requires nearly full-right rudder North American suggests use 6 right rudder trim well As tail rises P effect diminishes gyroscopic precession maintains strong left yawing force until Mustang fully up its main gear point rudder trim alone will supply nearly corrective force re quired offset small P effect dur ing lift-off subsequent climb aircraft slightly nose-high relative wind plane pussycat understand anticipate demands situation Its Mustang landings though probably sent unaware pilots through tulies final prop turns slowly full flaps Mustang has little positive nose up pitch goes pretty much nose pointed flare easy its relatively stiff gear Mustang shows little tendency bounce touch-dowit wheel land ing Mustang little rudder re quired final flare initial roll-out Once safely smoothly ground rolling out tail high prepare big surprise let tail settle rapidRELATiVE WIND ly look out 12-ft gyroscopic prop out gonna slew hard right sucker gonna head barn Continued page 174 f EFFEC1IVE ANGLE OFATTACK RELATIVE WfND ALTHOUGH WING APPROACHES STALL ASCENDING BLADE DESCENDING BLADE NEAR ThE SAME ANGLE TO THE RELATIVE WIND AND THEREFORE NEAR EQUAL THRUST WITH LITTLE YAW Left Heres Al fuzz-cheeked youngster P-51 Mustangs flew RIght 24 years 18000 flying hours later hes gray-bearded repository wisdom experience Trimming Precision Aerobatics model Al says trying until works right January1985 77 Als Mustang Vi has done well winning open Stunt event 1977 Nate placing 2nd World Championships theories controversial perhaps misunderstood ASCENDING BLADE HALLOW ANGLE TO WIND IS STEEP ANGLE TO RELATIVE WIND PRODUCING MORE ThRUST AND STRONG LEFT YAW ply doublers correct positions clamp rubberband place until dry Drill engine mounting holes land ing gear hole landing gear stop hole Use back-up piece wood avoid splintered exit hole Drill through engine area now fuselage can laid flat Keep drill right angle work Sand round corners Fuel proof engine area epoxy Assembly Slide main wing through fuselage wing slot sure wing positioned right angles fuselage both vertically horizontally Take time installation get correct satisfied give liberal ap plication thick CyA joint area like apply side time let ting dry doing other side Allow dry undisturbed make small fillets around wing/fuselage connection micro-balloons epoxy Wipe excess fillet material model let dry Drill holes through elevator ply doubler control horn Hinge elevator stabilizer using either small cloth hinges did own sewn hinges Insert elevator/stabilizer unit fuselage slot Make sure assembly both horizontally vertically square fuselage satisfied use CyA attaching fuselage Trial-fit fin/rudder rear fuselage Open up elevator cutout required ensure ease elevator movement Bevel rudder doublers sandpaper-covered dowel step satisfied fit align ment attach fin/rudder unit fuselage thick CyA sure sand bottom rudder match fuselage secure thick CyA surface filling repair dings final sanding Finish model like painted dope used self-stick trim sheet high lights original trim pattern shown plan use desired Form landing gear shape cut landing gear stop size Insert landing gear through fuselage landing gear stop its position Rub berband together Attach slim-type wheels favorite wheel retainers Make sure wheels rotate freely Bolt bellcrank mount Attach nylon control horn elevator doubler shape attach pushrod Shape glue tailskid bottom fuselage epoxy Attach braided cable control line leadouts bellcrank thread through ply lead-out guide make ends finished loops Glue outboard wing tip weight place thick CyA Pre-flight check model bal anced shown plans check see have equal amount up down elevator movement Select con trol horn hole provides control response want Eyeball finished model angles Check make sure nothing warped lopsided critical look over work anything looks could use bit extra work before going fly Flight time Take completed Sundancer flight lines handle battery fuel head out favorite flying site some fun Dont surprised fellow modelers walk over admire plane because has character wont let down doing thing th air either Just sure flight lines good engine will offer consistent runs Oh take plenty fuel. might flying Sundancer quite awhile bird wants fly get out have ball Im very pleased results Ive model will too Fly safely tell someone new about model building flying DIII Materials l/ x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V x 4 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V6 x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet light/medium grade lY2 x 6 x 12 Aircraft plywood lA6-in-dia Music wire 12-in Belicrank unit 1Flexible lead-out cables 1Small RC nylon control horn 2lY-in-dia Slim-style wheels 4Wheel retainers 1Perfect #19 Wedgtank oz 1049/O5l Engine prop 4Engine bolts w/lockwashers lock units Adhesives epoxy cyanoacrylates hinge material small fuel tubing finishing paints coverings small rubberbands Stunt DesignlRabe Continued page 77 using shortcut across grass Wouldnt know slow speed rudder nearly useless rolling out Mustang must carefully control pitch attitude rate let tail settle slowly residual rudder effectiveness will hold hold tail up too long let drop rapidly brakes will required stay concrete until locked tail wheel takes over roll-out gets easy again What has CL Stunt dont know about airplanes always got light outsides suggests left yawing gyro scopic precession stronger simultaneously-occurring right yaw P effects Ill admit precession V2-oz prop 3- 4-lb airplane probably doesnt supply lot yaw force first dont think much yaw re quired noticeably reduce tension outsides second dont think P effect much noticed Stunt ship P increases increasing angle attack because angle relative wind increases does differ ential thrust ascending descend ing blades prop full-size plane may reach large pitch angle rela tive wind slowed near stalling during accelerated pitch maneuvers See Fig 1 P will large angle tack large Most Stunt ships however have large full-span flaps dramati cally reduce body angle relative wind effective angle attack approaches stall See Fig 2 full-size planes stall angle always approximately same whether angle attack reached slow flight maneuvering loads 174 Model Aviation ACCURATE ABLE EASYTOREAD ACCUTACH NOW IN TWO MODELS 3 FUNCTION4 FUNCTION ACCUTACH ACCUTACH 2 79958995 Digital LCD tachometerSame useful capabilities has dual scale lOX-bOXas ACCU-TACH 1 stable RPM readoutincludes DC ammeter Full scale voltmeter canused check servo curbe used check/cyclerent Will find worn bindmost TXIRX battery com-ing stalled servo condi bos Reads loadtions w/SCA1 up 20 voltsAdd function ATi ACCESSORIESor OSAl- Quarter Scale Adaptor SCAl -Servo Current Adaptor ATi & AT2-500ma load . 995 Airtronics Futaba Kraft. 995 AVIINIrii3S Send check MO NorCal AVIONICS Inc P0 Box 70956 Sunnyvale CA 94086 Calif add 6% tax Add $2 S&H See dealer first same true Stunt ships largest effective angle attaek encountered during maneuvers shouldnt much dif ferent effective angle tack encountered Stunt ship approach es landing stall Full-size airplanes have great body angles land Stunt ships usually have small body angles land stall little nose-up pitch semiscale Stunt ships wont land three-point Gieseke others use long tail wheels will significant pitch means insignificant P conclusion have less tension outsides gyroscopic effects airplane also significant P effects case movable rudder having position controlled simultaneously same elevator causing yaw-producing pitch should theoretically could able neutral ize undesired yaw occurs honestly feel movable rudder deflection proportionately controlled elevator movement can theoretically neutralize yaw want have large capability trim both rudder offset travel use moving rudder asynunetrically undercompensate outward yaw sides slightly overcompensate inward yaw outsides create slight outward-line-tightening yaw maneu vers fact use asymmetrically greater right rudder travel left rudder travel commonly misinterpreted some people using right rudder kick outsides w1y Rudder travel both way required both theoretically prqplly obtain smoothest stroigst corners movable rudder worth effort Depends Stunt ship clean enough coast through pattern relatively little power have plenty side area aft can forget other hand go draggy air planes snarly engines fuselage side area somewhat dictated scale con siderations definitely Before leave subject rudder altogether has suggested endless trouble making straightwinged Mustunts rudder work Actually what article February 1973 4AM summarized Asymmetry reduced creating extra lift utboard wing adding tab out toard flap reduced hinging reducing tip weight series flights Further reduced hinging point Final rudder adjustments controlled 1atisfactorily rudder problem What about reversed up line front lead-outs personally believe 9ossible lead-outs yaw sirplane slightly during maneuvers Put ing up lead-out front should help anything typical Stunt ships ten lency lighten tension outsides Up n rear could theoretically aggravate tendency toward lighter tension out ddes short f lead-out position can cause yaw putting up lead-out front should lessen need compen sating rudder travelmaybe point eliminating need movable rud der altogether correction doesnt solve problem hopefully other will Its same logic using shotgun hunt birds discussion about P ef fect gyroscopic precession its strange everyone including has ignored very real possibly larger effect torque Torque twisting force entire airplane equal opposite direction force turning propeller Its effects also result spiraling propwash striking various vertical horizontal surfaces air craft constant tendency roll left under power should cause inside line ten sion less outside Designers full-size planes frequently compensate torque offsetting vertical fin leading edge left washing left wing slightly creasing its incidence washing out right wing slightly decreasing its inci dence Stunt designers have simply ig nored torque add inboard wing area outboard tip weight until airplane flies normally upright level flight damn way airplane behaves maneuvering flight suspect Stunt ship built perhaps 1 in inboard wing corresponding 1 washout outboard wing might make honest friendly airplane end lines noticeably fewer trim problems possible uncompensated torque effects obscure observations just what exactly airplane doing yaw roll hinge wobble various points pattern makes dif ficult analyze observations I I 0 I ENDURANCE RUBBER MODELS A ThE EASY U 99B ~ d 9 FLAPPING FLYER3 PARLOR PLANES 24 Sf.n6010 Sp legsSags 2 PARLORTHE SLOWPOKE Swo 16 1 COPTERSy 12 SOon $3350 Pt Prop THE TIME MACNINE PENNY S 13 MINIATURE SCALE AiRCRAr- ue es soao OUTSTANDING DETAILS 3-VIEWS & HISTORY 045 Strip Wood Light Sheet Hardware & Prop U Heat Transfers Japanese Tissue U PLASTIC CYLINDERS ALCO HEATH U ALCO SPORT 1929 ZIPPY SPORT ARV WATERMAN RACER 1921 HEATH PARASOL 1928 AERONCA K 1937 Span 16 Length 9 INDOOR MODEL AIRPLANES Law Gitiow 48 pga 100 illuat reprint PLAN. $395 U PEANUT POWER Hannan 80 pgs $895 U INDOOR BALSA PACK $695 P-NUT PACK $695 JAPAN ESE TISSUE 10 ige 5 col roil$596 CONDENSER PAPER 215250 MICROLITE $325 RUBBER LUBE $150 BALSA CEMENT $150 5 THRUST BEARINGS Mini Dual Dual$100 U PIRELLI RUBBER 020 090$235 61 WINDER $395161 MARK $1195 S P-NUT CO-2 ENGINE $3495CHARGER $895 P-NUT PROP PACK 4 props shafts ... $295 SCALE CYLINDERS 5 pack 3i8& 112 100 3 MS PNUTPLANSALL5 lOaheets $150QE ADD 10% POSTAGEMINIMUM POSTAGE $150 1383-4 CATALOG 16 ILLUST PBS 81 59V 0,g January1985 175 Model Magic EPOXY PLUS 25% Lighter Sands Carves Like Basswood Non Sagging Superior Strength & Adhesion 6 Fl Oz Equal 8 Oz Ordinary Epoxy Volume $895 Retail See dealer first write call Model Magic Products Inc ox 19784 St Paul MN 55119 715425-1397 T Yard Birds 12 Ptlo j5455 Prop 180 Consumers Guide MA 150 Ott St Harrlsonburg VA 22801 Address b definitely determine trim modification will result ef fect muddying blending con fusing results largely responsible proliferation theories probably completely accurate Im going try slightly twisted wing next Stunt ship doesnt work should possible remove undesired characteristics twisting flaps Whether correct torque Stunt ships can obviously made fly well result prag matic cut-and-try intellectual result analysis cause-and-effect Its also suggested dihedral makes Stunt ships unstable outside maneuvers Well out really believes won Nationals placed second World Chainpi onships unstable Mustang VI Id like meet happen own some property Im subdividing contact about purchasing lots low tide Seriously though dihedral doesnt make Stunt ship unstable what ef fect does have flight characteristics Well friends Ive flown heck lot flights straight-winged Stunt ships fliers have flown bentwing birds still honest opinion long dihedral matter anhedraltechnically negative dihedral used moderately lead-outs kept very near vertical center gravity no observable difference way Stunt ship dihedral flies inside outside maneu vers Stunt ship hangs straight suspended its lead-outs should fly straight whether bent wing Last Saturday Frank McMillan went out dust couple years accum ulation cobwebs off Mustang V built Ron Harding Frank both remarked outside line tension great outside corners smooth Inside line tension noticeably less ship slight tendency run circle takeoffs cranked cou ple turns rudder offset next three flights Inside line tension became excellent smooth corners Mustang quittrying run takeoff adjustments however hurt outside corners somewhat Next took out little rudder throw main tain left rudder position ad justing right rudder position back started worked great Now Mustang 2 oz fuel 2 span then. know guy could get hooked things guess doesnt make lot dif ference theories embrace Nobody right wrong Trim ming trying until works interested trimming ideas heres writing advertisers mention read about Model Aviation hint Mustunt article February 1973 American Aircraft Modeler Sea Fury article March 1973 AAM orig inally written three articles information Mustunts Sea Fury rather long article trim ming third article divided tween other two basic trimming Mustunt article advanced trim ming Go Broke CLWC GonerallJohnson Continued page 92 light years ahead performance fourth event F2D interna tional class Combat Americans see 15-size Slow Combat AMA FAI rules have changed enough over past eight years FAI Combat strange anymore contest site same used 1983 National Champion ships endless amount nice grassy practice area Combat fliers adequate practice room other events point 27 separate circles use simultaneously didnt count secret site numerous practice fields base around Chicopee area Speed Racing circles nylon nets keep out Combat models extra safety margin afforded nets allowed spectators close look Speed Racing competitors theyd usually get accommodations also very good Quality Inn well several other nearby hotels booked solidly modelers contest headquarters Quality Inn moved out flying site AMA people involved must given credit doing outstanding job planning meet its execution entire support staff hand make sure everything ran smoothly Foreign compet itors went home thoroughly impressed USAs ability run proper contest video revolution made its impact after-hours lifestyle com petitors coaches Thanks several enterprising filmmakers possible watch video replays days action Combat Racing Aerobatics sound track courtesy Speed circle though hotel meeting point modelers wasnt everyone stayed Dutch camped flying site choice bringing small team staying hotel very much larger contingent camping obviously overjoyed decision because took team prize Combat Racing individual prize Combat other competitors like Dutch traveling first class German Combat team hitchhiked Boston local Chicopee resident stopped helped load gear top 176 Model Aviation Second Edition Most Complete Guide Market 167 Manufacturers Importers etc 250 Pages postage $165 Total Cost $860 Send $860 includes shipping UPS APO foreign surface mail $1245 foreign air mail P SWEITZER ENTERPRISES TO RO\ 834 Hi lISRORO OR 97123 -503 640-SiOS o WNONaens HOG AND AHALF 5sg,d flied SOSE WEiOuNOT PRICE S 35ao BRISTOL M IC4 BULLET PRICE 5 36 50 IDEAL FOR 40 FOUR KE ENOINE ~5814 WHON 2 Sbeetn UFIORFy----I -*1 TOORuLENT NuNS ONLY SOIPPER FOLDER 00051 00 FOR TORE DRUINE TURBULENT PRICE 51650 ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE iee4C toe 055 S 400 FOR AiRMOiL FOREIGN ODERREAS OROERS-URD $1800
Edition: Model Aviation - 1985/01
Page Numbers: 76, 77, 174, 175, 176
The author noted semiscale Precision Aerobatics models look great hands especially have outstanding contest record Sea Fury rearwon event 1972 1973 Nats Mustang Vwas 3rd 1974 Nats CL Stunt Design HEY GUYS long-stilled voice past Now like still somewhat controversial theories Stunt aerodynamics still think little misunderstood First have May 12 1982 employer Braniff went broke went 727 captain job airline paycheck liberal free time largely used build practice com pete Fortunately 1980 started video store something second hob Suddenly store became sole support Rabe family video hobby became 80-hour/week obsession effort survive financially Things better now Im back left seat new Braniff opening second video store Financial survival seems assured now two stores flying job doesnt appear Ill ever have time compete again Now Im about gone scene its difficult argue theories yeah theories never said exact science explain misunderstandings rebut feel Ive misquoted interest of us enjoy challenge breaking new Stunt ship saddle Im going summarize few previously-puhliied opinions offer some new ones Stunt trimming didnt always fly bent-wing dihe draled birds wiggly tails Several thousand flights very conventional Stunt ships convinced air planes yawed inward outside maneu vers particularly top outside squares top outside half square eight After talking other Stunt fliers decided experience unique set about trying explain correct tendency Like full-size plane pilots have nodding acquaintance both P ef fects gyroscopic precession full size airplane particular vividly demon strated both propeller effects 76 Model Aviation Fliers CL Preci sion Aerobatic Stunt models try design adjust aircraft flight characteristics line tension consistent attitudes author explains thinking several aspectsu Al Rabe F-51D Mustang has 37-ft span 12-ft diameter four-blade prop During start takeoff roll P effect monster prop requires nearly full-right rudder North American suggests use 6 right rudder trim well As tail rises P effect diminishes gyroscopic precession maintains strong left yawing force until Mustang fully up its main gear point rudder trim alone will supply nearly corrective force re quired offset small P effect dur ing lift-off subsequent climb aircraft slightly nose-high relative wind plane pussycat understand anticipate demands situation Its Mustang landings though probably sent unaware pilots through tulies final prop turns slowly full flaps Mustang has little positive nose up pitch goes pretty much nose pointed flare easy its relatively stiff gear Mustang shows little tendency bounce touch-dowit wheel land ing Mustang little rudder re quired final flare initial roll-out Once safely smoothly ground rolling out tail high prepare big surprise let tail settle rapidRELATiVE WIND ly look out 12-ft gyroscopic prop out gonna slew hard right sucker gonna head barn Continued page 174 f EFFEC1IVE ANGLE OFATTACK RELATIVE WfND ALTHOUGH WING APPROACHES STALL ASCENDING BLADE DESCENDING BLADE NEAR ThE SAME ANGLE TO THE RELATIVE WIND AND THEREFORE NEAR EQUAL THRUST WITH LITTLE YAW Left Heres Al fuzz-cheeked youngster P-51 Mustangs flew RIght 24 years 18000 flying hours later hes gray-bearded repository wisdom experience Trimming Precision Aerobatics model Al says trying until works right January1985 77 Als Mustang Vi has done well winning open Stunt event 1977 Nate placing 2nd World Championships theories controversial perhaps misunderstood ASCENDING BLADE HALLOW ANGLE TO WIND IS STEEP ANGLE TO RELATIVE WIND PRODUCING MORE ThRUST AND STRONG LEFT YAW ply doublers correct positions clamp rubberband place until dry Drill engine mounting holes land ing gear hole landing gear stop hole Use back-up piece wood avoid splintered exit hole Drill through engine area now fuselage can laid flat Keep drill right angle work Sand round corners Fuel proof engine area epoxy Assembly Slide main wing through fuselage wing slot sure wing positioned right angles fuselage both vertically horizontally Take time installation get correct satisfied give liberal ap plication thick CyA joint area like apply side time let ting dry doing other side Allow dry undisturbed make small fillets around wing/fuselage connection micro-balloons epoxy Wipe excess fillet material model let dry Drill holes through elevator ply doubler control horn Hinge elevator stabilizer using either small cloth hinges did own sewn hinges Insert elevator/stabilizer unit fuselage slot Make sure assembly both horizontally vertically square fuselage satisfied use CyA attaching fuselage Trial-fit fin/rudder rear fuselage Open up elevator cutout required ensure ease elevator movement Bevel rudder doublers sandpaper-covered dowel step satisfied fit align ment attach fin/rudder unit fuselage thick CyA sure sand bottom rudder match fuselage secure thick CyA surface filling repair dings final sanding Finish model like painted dope used self-stick trim sheet high lights original trim pattern shown plan use desired Form landing gear shape cut landing gear stop size Insert landing gear through fuselage landing gear stop its position Rub berband together Attach slim-type wheels favorite wheel retainers Make sure wheels rotate freely Bolt bellcrank mount Attach nylon control horn elevator doubler shape attach pushrod Shape glue tailskid bottom fuselage epoxy Attach braided cable control line leadouts bellcrank thread through ply lead-out guide make ends finished loops Glue outboard wing tip weight place thick CyA Pre-flight check model bal anced shown plans check see have equal amount up down elevator movement Select con trol horn hole provides control response want Eyeball finished model angles Check make sure nothing warped lopsided critical look over work anything looks could use bit extra work before going fly Flight time Take completed Sundancer flight lines handle battery fuel head out favorite flying site some fun Dont surprised fellow modelers walk over admire plane because has character wont let down doing thing th air either Just sure flight lines good engine will offer consistent runs Oh take plenty fuel. might flying Sundancer quite awhile bird wants fly get out have ball Im very pleased results Ive model will too Fly safely tell someone new about model building flying DIII Materials l/ x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V x 4 x 36 Balsa sheet medium grade 1V6 x 3 x 36 Balsa sheet light/medium grade lY2 x 6 x 12 Aircraft plywood lA6-in-dia Music wire 12-in Belicrank unit 1Flexible lead-out cables 1Small RC nylon control horn 2lY-in-dia Slim-style wheels 4Wheel retainers 1Perfect #19 Wedgtank oz 1049/O5l Engine prop 4Engine bolts w/lockwashers lock units Adhesives epoxy cyanoacrylates hinge material small fuel tubing finishing paints coverings small rubberbands Stunt DesignlRabe Continued page 77 using shortcut across grass Wouldnt know slow speed rudder nearly useless rolling out Mustang must carefully control pitch attitude rate let tail settle slowly residual rudder effectiveness will hold hold tail up too long let drop rapidly brakes will required stay concrete until locked tail wheel takes over roll-out gets easy again What has CL Stunt dont know about airplanes always got light outsides suggests left yawing gyro scopic precession stronger simultaneously-occurring right yaw P effects Ill admit precession V2-oz prop 3- 4-lb airplane probably doesnt supply lot yaw force first dont think much yaw re quired noticeably reduce tension outsides second dont think P effect much noticed Stunt ship P increases increasing angle attack because angle relative wind increases does differ ential thrust ascending descend ing blades prop full-size plane may reach large pitch angle rela tive wind slowed near stalling during accelerated pitch maneuvers See Fig 1 P will large angle tack large Most Stunt ships however have large full-span flaps dramati cally reduce body angle relative wind effective angle attack approaches stall See Fig 2 full-size planes stall angle always approximately same whether angle attack reached slow flight maneuvering loads 174 Model Aviation ACCURATE ABLE EASYTOREAD ACCUTACH NOW IN TWO MODELS 3 FUNCTION4 FUNCTION ACCUTACH ACCUTACH 2 79958995 Digital LCD tachometerSame useful capabilities has dual scale lOX-bOXas ACCU-TACH 1 stable RPM readoutincludes DC ammeter Full scale voltmeter canused check servo curbe used check/cyclerent Will find worn bindmost TXIRX battery com-ing stalled servo condi bos Reads loadtions w/SCA1 up 20 voltsAdd function ATi ACCESSORIESor OSAl- Quarter Scale Adaptor SCAl -Servo Current Adaptor ATi & AT2-500ma load . 995 Airtronics Futaba Kraft. 995 AVIINIrii3S Send check MO NorCal AVIONICS Inc P0 Box 70956 Sunnyvale CA 94086 Calif add 6% tax Add $2 S&H See dealer first same true Stunt ships largest effective angle attaek encountered during maneuvers shouldnt much dif ferent effective angle tack encountered Stunt ship approach es landing stall Full-size airplanes have great body angles land Stunt ships usually have small body angles land stall little nose-up pitch semiscale Stunt ships wont land three-point Gieseke others use long tail wheels will significant pitch means insignificant P conclusion have less tension outsides gyroscopic effects airplane also significant P effects case movable rudder having position controlled simultaneously same elevator causing yaw-producing pitch should theoretically could able neutral ize undesired yaw occurs honestly feel movable rudder deflection proportionately controlled elevator movement can theoretically neutralize yaw want have large capability trim both rudder offset travel use moving rudder asynunetrically undercompensate outward yaw sides slightly overcompensate inward yaw outsides create slight outward-line-tightening yaw maneu vers fact use asymmetrically greater right rudder travel left rudder travel commonly misinterpreted some people using right rudder kick outsides w1y Rudder travel both way required both theoretically prqplly obtain smoothest stroigst corners movable rudder worth effort Depends Stunt ship clean enough coast through pattern relatively little power have plenty side area aft can forget other hand go draggy air planes snarly engines fuselage side area somewhat dictated scale con siderations definitely Before leave subject rudder altogether has suggested endless trouble making straightwinged Mustunts rudder work Actually what article February 1973 4AM summarized Asymmetry reduced creating extra lift utboard wing adding tab out toard flap reduced hinging reducing tip weight series flights Further reduced hinging point Final rudder adjustments controlled 1atisfactorily rudder problem What about reversed up line front lead-outs personally believe 9ossible lead-outs yaw sirplane slightly during maneuvers Put ing up lead-out front should help anything typical Stunt ships ten lency lighten tension outsides Up n rear could theoretically aggravate tendency toward lighter tension out ddes short f lead-out position can cause yaw putting up lead-out front should lessen need compen sating rudder travelmaybe point eliminating need movable rud der altogether correction doesnt solve problem hopefully other will Its same logic using shotgun hunt birds discussion about P ef fect gyroscopic precession its strange everyone including has ignored very real possibly larger effect torque Torque twisting force entire airplane equal opposite direction force turning propeller Its effects also result spiraling propwash striking various vertical horizontal surfaces air craft constant tendency roll left under power should cause inside line ten sion less outside Designers full-size planes frequently compensate torque offsetting vertical fin leading edge left washing left wing slightly creasing its incidence washing out right wing slightly decreasing its inci dence Stunt designers have simply ig nored torque add inboard wing area outboard tip weight until airplane flies normally upright level flight damn way airplane behaves maneuvering flight suspect Stunt ship built perhaps 1 in inboard wing corresponding 1 washout outboard wing might make honest friendly airplane end lines noticeably fewer trim problems possible uncompensated torque effects obscure observations just what exactly airplane doing yaw roll hinge wobble various points pattern makes dif ficult analyze observations I I 0 I ENDURANCE RUBBER MODELS A ThE EASY U 99B ~ d 9 FLAPPING FLYER3 PARLOR PLANES 24 Sf.n6010 Sp legsSags 2 PARLORTHE SLOWPOKE Swo 16 1 COPTERSy 12 SOon $3350 Pt Prop THE TIME MACNINE PENNY S 13 MINIATURE SCALE AiRCRAr- ue es soao OUTSTANDING DETAILS 3-VIEWS & HISTORY 045 Strip Wood Light Sheet Hardware & Prop U Heat Transfers Japanese Tissue U PLASTIC CYLINDERS ALCO HEATH U ALCO SPORT 1929 ZIPPY SPORT ARV WATERMAN RACER 1921 HEATH PARASOL 1928 AERONCA K 1937 Span 16 Length 9 INDOOR MODEL AIRPLANES Law Gitiow 48 pga 100 illuat reprint PLAN. $395 U PEANUT POWER Hannan 80 pgs $895 U INDOOR BALSA PACK $695 P-NUT PACK $695 JAPAN ESE TISSUE 10 ige 5 col roil$596 CONDENSER PAPER 215250 MICROLITE $325 RUBBER LUBE $150 BALSA CEMENT $150 5 THRUST BEARINGS Mini Dual Dual$100 U PIRELLI RUBBER 020 090$235 61 WINDER $395161 MARK $1195 S P-NUT CO-2 ENGINE $3495CHARGER $895 P-NUT PROP PACK 4 props shafts ... $295 SCALE CYLINDERS 5 pack 3i8& 112 100 3 MS PNUTPLANSALL5 lOaheets $150QE ADD 10% POSTAGEMINIMUM POSTAGE $150 1383-4 CATALOG 16 ILLUST PBS 81 59V 0,g January1985 175 Model Magic EPOXY PLUS 25% Lighter Sands Carves Like Basswood Non Sagging Superior Strength & Adhesion 6 Fl Oz Equal 8 Oz Ordinary Epoxy Volume $895 Retail See dealer first write call Model Magic Products Inc ox 19784 St Paul MN 55119 715425-1397 T Yard Birds 12 Ptlo j5455 Prop 180 Consumers Guide MA 150 Ott St Harrlsonburg VA 22801 Address b definitely determine trim modification will result ef fect muddying blending con fusing results largely responsible proliferation theories probably completely accurate Im going try slightly twisted wing next Stunt ship doesnt work should possible remove undesired characteristics twisting flaps Whether correct torque Stunt ships can obviously made fly well result prag matic cut-and-try intellectual result analysis cause-and-effect Its also suggested dihedral makes Stunt ships unstable outside maneuvers Well out really believes won Nationals placed second World Chainpi onships unstable Mustang VI Id like meet happen own some property Im subdividing contact about purchasing lots low tide Seriously though dihedral doesnt make Stunt ship unstable what ef fect does have flight characteristics Well friends Ive flown heck lot flights straight-winged Stunt ships fliers have flown bentwing birds still honest opinion long dihedral matter anhedraltechnically negative dihedral used moderately lead-outs kept very near vertical center gravity no observable difference way Stunt ship dihedral flies inside outside maneu vers Stunt ship hangs straight suspended its lead-outs should fly straight whether bent wing Last Saturday Frank McMillan went out dust couple years accum ulation cobwebs off Mustang V built Ron Harding Frank both remarked outside line tension great outside corners smooth Inside line tension noticeably less ship slight tendency run circle takeoffs cranked cou ple turns rudder offset next three flights Inside line tension became excellent smooth corners Mustang quittrying run takeoff adjustments however hurt outside corners somewhat Next took out little rudder throw main tain left rudder position ad justing right rudder position back started worked great Now Mustang 2 oz fuel 2 span then. know guy could get hooked things guess doesnt make lot dif ference theories embrace Nobody right wrong Trim ming trying until works interested trimming ideas heres writing advertisers mention read about Model Aviation hint Mustunt article February 1973 American Aircraft Modeler Sea Fury article March 1973 AAM orig inally written three articles information Mustunts Sea Fury rather long article trim ming third article divided tween other two basic trimming Mustunt article advanced trim ming Go Broke CLWC GonerallJohnson Continued page 92 light years ahead performance fourth event F2D interna tional class Combat Americans see 15-size Slow Combat AMA FAI rules have changed enough over past eight years FAI Combat strange anymore contest site same used 1983 National Champion ships endless amount nice grassy practice area Combat fliers adequate practice room other events point 27 separate circles use simultaneously didnt count secret site numerous practice fields base around Chicopee area Speed Racing circles nylon nets keep out Combat models extra safety margin afforded nets allowed spectators close look Speed Racing competitors theyd usually get accommodations also very good Quality Inn well several other nearby hotels booked solidly modelers contest headquarters Quality Inn moved out flying site AMA people involved must given credit doing outstanding job planning meet its execution entire support staff hand make sure everything ran smoothly Foreign compet itors went home thoroughly impressed USAs ability run proper contest video revolution made its impact after-hours lifestyle com petitors coaches Thanks several enterprising filmmakers possible watch video replays days action Combat Racing Aerobatics sound track courtesy Speed circle though hotel meeting point modelers wasnt everyone stayed Dutch camped flying site choice bringing small team staying hotel very much larger contingent camping obviously overjoyed decision because took team prize Combat Racing individual prize Combat other competitors like Dutch traveling first class German Combat team hitchhiked Boston local Chicopee resident stopped helped load gear top 176 Model Aviation Second Edition Most Complete Guide Market 167 Manufacturers Importers etc 250 Pages postage $165 Total Cost $860 Send $860 includes shipping UPS APO foreign surface mail 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