CONTROL LINE SPEED kei FT7TTU WYZIUY FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS few columns back wrote would comment about coming technology future improvements model engines good time make few predictions about materials expect see coming years model engines have top dog world internalcombustion prime movers get horsepower per cubic inch displacement automotive aircraft snowmobile motorcycle other engine am familiar Big engine manufacturers havent tried design matched thermal expansion have ABC AAC material combinations So Ill stick neck out make few predictions about possible new stuff Maybe technology has already usedIll explain later pistons ABC AAC engines made out cast aluminum alloy containing high percentage silicon silicon reduces coefficient thermal expansion alloy approximately cast iron almost matches expansion sleeve gets warm during running coefficient expansion greater piston will seize cylinder like 2024 6061 alloys would tried build loose enough eliminate seizing engine wont start unless use piston ring engines minimum friction maximum performance want lapped piston silicon also reduces wear friction between piston chrome-plated sleeve Aluminum cant run against bare steel brass other aluminum high friction galling Cast iron makes pretty good piston gets too heavy engine larger 35 have pretty well learned what kind shapes fits need piston bore improvements must come primarily reduction friction Maybe new coatings and/or alloys can Its difficult develop alloys have melted fabrication molten elements will form various crystals different temperatures during cool-down may precipitate before bulk material has cooled result non-homogenous mixture took years create high-silicon alloys have silicon percentage limited 19-22% alloy has special rare-earth elements reduce tendency silicon form large hard brittle crystals during cooldown Various companies individuals have experimenting nanometer-sized crystals metals Alan Thomas John Parker Nanophase Technologies Corp wrote interesting article Materials Magazine few years ago micron millionth meter nanometer thousand times smaller micron tiny particles called nanophase materials can compacted metals ceramics stronger denser tougher made larger crystals particles Ceramics made tiny particles can act like metals metals made nanophase powder can act like ceramics Some nanophase metals can exhibit fivefold increase tensile strength hardness comparison nanophase grain conventional gram tip ball point pen basketball nanophase metal powders synthesized gas-phase condensation could think making metal snow rapid condensation metal vapor process accomplished vacuum chamber contains resistively heated refractory boat ion-bombardment sputtering apparatus cold surface collect vapors metal placed boat melts evaporates metal vapors sputtered being bombarded high-energy electrons metal vapor rapidiy condenses metal crystals have time grow larger few nanometers diameter vacuum chamber necessary eliminate oxygen other impurities might contaminate metal can back-filled inert gas reactive gas need create specific alloys coatings metal crystals drift liquid-nitrogen-cooled cold finger collect loosely powders can scraped cold finger consolidated molds under pressure heat extrusion process want make ceramics can evaporate metal oxygen atmosphere ceramics formed nanophase crystals 132 Model Aviation Arpinos latest sidewinder OS 65-powered Class D model Large stabilizer now reinforced carbon fiber Frank Garzon helps Nick Arpino start model Bob Whitney holds starter June 1996 Cincinnati contest Ken Barthel holding Nelson 40-powered Formula 40 airplane has son Dan pit crew irr Free Catalog home Klingberg Wing offer flying wings types other exciting aircraft kits Send #10 SASE stamp Future Flight 1256 Prescott Aye #2 Sunnyvale CA 94089 Stop Spending Money Hobby well established aircraft kit manufacturer looking sales reps Generous commissions paid sale No purchase required complete information call 408-735-8260 Klingberg Wing other fine kits Future Flight e-mail bootstrap@earthlink visit http//homeearthlinknet/free/bootstrap//webdocs// Nobody Beats Deal Unimat miniature lathe e-mail bootstrap@earthlink visit http//homeearthlinknet/free/bootstrap//webdocs// Giant Scale Plans Hostetler Send SASE Wendell Hostetlers Plans 1041 Heatherwood C Orville OH 44667 phone 330-682-8896 f ax 330683-5357 Model Warplanes 1996 10000 plans kits photos SASE John Fredriksen 461 Loring Salem MA 01970 Free Flight Timers SASE Texas Timers 3317 Pine Timbers Johnson City TN 37604 423-2826423 Gee Bee Plans used Full-Scale Benjamin R-2 & Eicher/Kimball Z Ten rare airplanes 1/3-1/24 Scale Plans Catalog/News $400 Vein Clements 308 Palo Alto Caidwell ID 83605 208-459-7608 No TV tonight honey Im swapping tomorrow Largest Swap shop Midwest Presented HobbyTime Flyby Knights Saturday November 2nd 1996 ODEUM Sports Expo Center 1033 Villa Avenue Villa Park Illinois 60181 Over 250 tableal 20000 sq ft swapping madness FREE Parking over 2000 cars Multiple table discounts Vendors hobby shops welcome 800 AM vendor setup 1000 AM general admission table rental/flyer/motel list/info call 630-837-8437 Fax 630-837-7239 Sale Soda Beer Can Biplanes Propeller spins fan wind Great gift conversation piece Available Classic Coke Budwiser $2000 includes S&H Checks Bob Watson 10011 7th St Key West FL 33040 Helicopter School Five days Hands Instruction X-Cell helicopters Futaba JR Radios Small classes tailored meet individual needs beginning expert Includes meals lodging Over 520 Satisfied Students 23 countries 44 States logging 20000 flights last seven years Located 67 acre airport used exclusively R/C training Owned operated Ernie Huber five time National Helicopter Champion Designer Send Free information class schedule NOW R/C Flight Training Center PO Box 727 Crescent City FL 32112 Ph# 800-452-1677 Fax 904-698-4724 Outside US PHONE 904-698-4275 Index Contents Year Books 1935 1956 1394 Plans 326 Articles $125 Postpaid Surprise copy Frankly Speaking $850 Postpaid Model Aeronautic Publications Box 135 Northridge CA 91328 600 Microhenry Cartoons attractive 190 page book $995 Ed Henry 25 Gold Run Dr St Peters MO 63376 Sale 1/3 Scale Davis Acro Pro Bob Godfrey kit completely finished ready fly Includes 42 cu 3W-70 glow engine JR 6 Ch XF622 Transmitter TME Smoke System 9825 wingspan 23 Ibs 1710 sq wing area $4300 Robert Drexler 59 Jacob Dr Harrison OH 45030 513-367-5596 Aviation Modeller International edited Dave Boddington Englands newest monthly aeromodelling magazine Appealing everyone interested building flying model aircraft 100-page issue packed up-to-date information full color TWO FREE PLANS year subscription $57 VisaIMC accepted send check payable Wise Owl Publications 4314 W 238th Street Dept AMA Torrance CA 90505-4509 310-375-6258 Old Buzzard Soaring Book Video 154 pages tips improve soaring performance Book $1695 video 45 minuets $2795 both $3995 Few copies left DO YOU SPEAK MODEL AIRPLANE history book got $1995 Dave Thornburg 5 Monticello Albuquerque NM 87123 Phone orders 505-299-8749 Hyde Custom Soft Mounts Information & Prices Merle Hyde 3 Golfview Drive Henderson NV 89014 702-269-7829 A-J Fireball flown motorless original box attic stored Anyone interested Bob 215-842-6955 610-834-1932 Clubs Never lose another flying sight buy develop lease suitable sites William Miller 813-862-0806 Model Engine World Englands engine magazine Workshop hints engines past present reworking engine tests construction $45/12 issues MO check R Palmer P 0 Box 609 Palisades NY 10964 Dept MA Saito 300TTDP NIB $825/Offer 407-777-7890 Classified advertising must paid advance rate $50 per word Please make check payable Model Aviatino ted mail check printed copy yssr ad See Sobrock Hobby Advertising 150 Ott St Harrisonburg VA 22801 Ad payment received hythe 15th thethird month precedingthe issue date Forevample Oct isfortheJanuary issue Ads will printed first come tirot served basis space permits Ads may run month time Multiply cost ad times numher months ad will run include initial payment Count initials numbers phone numbers address city state zip code word Questions ahout Classified ads should directed Sue Schrock 540-434-0350 easier fabricate less brittle conventional ceramics have exceptional strength Any material can converted vapor phase can formed nanocrystals gas-phase condensation ceramics can hot-pressed almost 100% density binders ultrafine microstructure allows high degree dimensional detail parts can formed finished dimensions mold ceramics ductile can deform failing cracking So what nanophase materials have model engines modeling What possible use could us about lighter stronger wearresistant perfectly matched thermal-expansion alloy piston can tailor alloying ingredients anything want need Start aluminum add silicon lower expansion coefficient add ceramic powders wear resistance less friction possibly some hard nitride particles also wear friction about possibility beryllium less weight course have aware toxic effects some metal powders such beryllium powders may dangerous Proper precautions would have maintained times standard procedure anyway Maybe ceramic piston possible although might little heavy ceramic sleeve definite possibility Ceramic ball bearings already available cant stand pounding twostroke engines Maybe nanophase ceramic balls would stand stress better presently used silicon-carbide balls would also possible create nanophase-material conrod selflubricating materials and/or wear-resisting materials concentrated end bearings Nanophase steel alloy crankshafts would also possible built-in friction-reducing surfaces crankpin could think about crankcase sleeve ceramic heads knows what else material already Possibly Russians and/or Russian engines have pretty well dominated FAd Speed recent years piston material extruded aluminum alloy seems perform better anything else have using managed obtain piece large enough piston Novarossi 21 engines picked up several miles per hour particular engine alloy machines very well seems quite strong wear resistant have analyzed material have heard rumors contains larger percentage silicon 19-22% metal have using Its possible Russian alloy could made nanophase similar techniques Maybe will find out sometime mber1996 133
Edition: Model Aviation - 1996/11
Page Numbers: 132, 133
CONTROL LINE SPEED kei FT7TTU WYZIUY FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS few columns back wrote would comment about coming technology future improvements model engines good time make few predictions about materials expect see coming years model engines have top dog world internalcombustion prime movers get horsepower per cubic inch displacement automotive aircraft snowmobile motorcycle other engine am familiar Big engine manufacturers havent tried design matched thermal expansion have ABC AAC material combinations So Ill stick neck out make few predictions about possible new stuff Maybe technology has already usedIll explain later pistons ABC AAC engines made out cast aluminum alloy containing high percentage silicon silicon reduces coefficient thermal expansion alloy approximately cast iron almost matches expansion sleeve gets warm during running coefficient expansion greater piston will seize cylinder like 2024 6061 alloys would tried build loose enough eliminate seizing engine wont start unless use piston ring engines minimum friction maximum performance want lapped piston silicon also reduces wear friction between piston chrome-plated sleeve Aluminum cant run against bare steel brass other aluminum high friction galling Cast iron makes pretty good piston gets too heavy engine larger 35 have pretty well learned what kind shapes fits need piston bore improvements must come primarily reduction friction Maybe new coatings and/or alloys can Its difficult develop alloys have melted fabrication molten elements will form various crystals different temperatures during cool-down may precipitate before bulk material has cooled result non-homogenous mixture took years create high-silicon alloys have silicon percentage limited 19-22% alloy has special rare-earth elements reduce tendency silicon form large hard brittle crystals during cooldown Various companies individuals have experimenting nanometer-sized crystals metals Alan Thomas John Parker Nanophase Technologies Corp wrote interesting article Materials Magazine few years ago micron millionth meter nanometer thousand times smaller micron tiny particles called nanophase materials can compacted metals ceramics stronger denser tougher made larger crystals particles Ceramics made tiny particles can act like metals metals made nanophase powder can act like ceramics Some nanophase metals can exhibit fivefold increase tensile strength hardness comparison nanophase grain conventional gram tip ball point pen basketball nanophase metal powders synthesized gas-phase condensation could think making metal snow rapid condensation metal vapor process accomplished vacuum chamber contains resistively heated refractory boat ion-bombardment sputtering apparatus cold surface collect vapors metal placed boat melts evaporates metal vapors sputtered being bombarded high-energy electrons metal vapor rapidiy condenses metal crystals have time grow larger few nanometers diameter vacuum chamber necessary eliminate oxygen other impurities might contaminate metal can back-filled inert gas reactive gas need create specific alloys coatings metal crystals drift liquid-nitrogen-cooled cold finger collect loosely powders can scraped cold finger consolidated molds under pressure heat extrusion process want make ceramics can evaporate metal oxygen atmosphere ceramics formed nanophase crystals 132 Model Aviation Arpinos latest sidewinder OS 65-powered Class D model Large stabilizer now reinforced carbon fiber Frank Garzon helps Nick Arpino start model Bob Whitney holds starter June 1996 Cincinnati contest Ken Barthel holding Nelson 40-powered Formula 40 airplane has son Dan pit crew irr Free Catalog home Klingberg Wing offer flying wings types other exciting aircraft kits Send #10 SASE stamp Future Flight 1256 Prescott Aye #2 Sunnyvale CA 94089 Stop Spending Money Hobby well established aircraft kit manufacturer looking sales reps Generous commissions paid sale No purchase required complete information call 408-735-8260 Klingberg Wing other fine kits Future Flight e-mail bootstrap@earthlink visit http//homeearthlinknet/free/bootstrap//webdocs// Nobody Beats Deal Unimat miniature lathe e-mail bootstrap@earthlink visit http//homeearthlinknet/free/bootstrap//webdocs// Giant Scale Plans Hostetler Send SASE Wendell Hostetlers Plans 1041 Heatherwood C Orville OH 44667 phone 330-682-8896 f ax 330683-5357 Model Warplanes 1996 10000 plans kits photos SASE John Fredriksen 461 Loring Salem MA 01970 Free Flight Timers SASE Texas Timers 3317 Pine Timbers Johnson City TN 37604 423-2826423 Gee Bee Plans used Full-Scale Benjamin R-2 & Eicher/Kimball Z Ten rare airplanes 1/3-1/24 Scale Plans Catalog/News $400 Vein Clements 308 Palo Alto Caidwell ID 83605 208-459-7608 No TV tonight honey Im swapping tomorrow Largest Swap shop Midwest Presented HobbyTime Flyby Knights Saturday November 2nd 1996 ODEUM Sports Expo Center 1033 Villa Avenue Villa Park Illinois 60181 Over 250 tableal 20000 sq ft swapping madness FREE Parking over 2000 cars Multiple table discounts Vendors hobby shops welcome 800 AM vendor setup 1000 AM general admission table rental/flyer/motel list/info call 630-837-8437 Fax 630-837-7239 Sale Soda Beer Can Biplanes Propeller spins fan wind Great gift conversation piece Available Classic Coke Budwiser $2000 includes S&H Checks Bob Watson 10011 7th St Key West FL 33040 Helicopter School Five days Hands Instruction X-Cell helicopters Futaba JR Radios Small classes tailored meet individual needs beginning expert Includes meals lodging Over 520 Satisfied Students 23 countries 44 States logging 20000 flights last seven years Located 67 acre airport used exclusively R/C training Owned operated Ernie Huber five time National Helicopter Champion Designer Send Free information class schedule NOW R/C Flight Training Center PO Box 727 Crescent City FL 32112 Ph# 800-452-1677 Fax 904-698-4724 Outside US PHONE 904-698-4275 Index Contents Year Books 1935 1956 1394 Plans 326 Articles $125 Postpaid Surprise copy Frankly Speaking $850 Postpaid Model Aeronautic Publications Box 135 Northridge CA 91328 600 Microhenry Cartoons attractive 190 page book $995 Ed Henry 25 Gold Run Dr St Peters MO 63376 Sale 1/3 Scale Davis Acro Pro Bob Godfrey kit completely finished ready fly Includes 42 cu 3W-70 glow engine JR 6 Ch XF622 Transmitter TME Smoke System 9825 wingspan 23 Ibs 1710 sq wing area $4300 Robert Drexler 59 Jacob Dr Harrison OH 45030 513-367-5596 Aviation Modeller International edited Dave Boddington Englands newest monthly aeromodelling magazine Appealing everyone interested building flying model aircraft 100-page issue packed up-to-date information full color TWO FREE PLANS year subscription $57 VisaIMC accepted send check payable Wise Owl Publications 4314 W 238th Street Dept AMA Torrance CA 90505-4509 310-375-6258 Old Buzzard Soaring Book Video 154 pages tips improve soaring performance Book $1695 video 45 minuets $2795 both $3995 Few copies left DO YOU SPEAK MODEL AIRPLANE history book got $1995 Dave Thornburg 5 Monticello Albuquerque NM 87123 Phone orders 505-299-8749 Hyde Custom Soft Mounts Information & Prices Merle Hyde 3 Golfview Drive Henderson NV 89014 702-269-7829 A-J Fireball flown motorless original box attic stored Anyone interested Bob 215-842-6955 610-834-1932 Clubs Never lose another flying sight buy develop lease suitable sites William Miller 813-862-0806 Model Engine World Englands engine magazine Workshop hints engines past present reworking engine tests construction $45/12 issues MO check R Palmer P 0 Box 609 Palisades NY 10964 Dept MA Saito 300TTDP NIB $825/Offer 407-777-7890 Classified advertising must paid advance rate $50 per word Please make check payable Model Aviatino ted mail check printed copy yssr ad See Sobrock Hobby Advertising 150 Ott St Harrisonburg VA 22801 Ad payment received hythe 15th thethird month precedingthe issue date Forevample Oct isfortheJanuary issue Ads will printed first come tirot served basis space permits Ads may run month time Multiply cost ad times numher months ad will run include initial payment Count initials numbers phone numbers address city state zip code word Questions ahout Classified ads should directed Sue Schrock 540-434-0350 easier fabricate less brittle conventional ceramics have exceptional strength Any material can converted vapor phase can formed nanocrystals gas-phase condensation ceramics can hot-pressed almost 100% density binders ultrafine microstructure allows high degree dimensional detail parts can formed finished dimensions mold ceramics ductile can deform failing cracking So what nanophase materials have model engines modeling What possible use could us about lighter stronger wearresistant perfectly matched thermal-expansion alloy piston can tailor alloying ingredients anything want need Start aluminum add silicon lower expansion coefficient add ceramic powders wear resistance less friction possibly some hard nitride particles also wear friction about possibility beryllium less weight course have aware toxic effects some metal powders such beryllium powders may dangerous Proper precautions would have maintained times standard procedure anyway Maybe ceramic piston possible although might little heavy ceramic sleeve definite possibility Ceramic ball bearings already available cant stand pounding twostroke engines Maybe nanophase ceramic balls would stand stress better presently used silicon-carbide balls would also possible create nanophase-material conrod selflubricating materials and/or wear-resisting materials concentrated end bearings Nanophase steel alloy crankshafts would also possible built-in friction-reducing surfaces crankpin could think about crankcase sleeve ceramic heads knows what else material already Possibly Russians and/or Russian engines have pretty well dominated FAd Speed recent years piston material extruded aluminum alloy seems perform better anything else have using managed obtain piece large enough piston Novarossi 21 engines picked up several miles per hour particular engine alloy machines very well seems quite strong wear resistant have analyzed material have heard rumors contains larger percentage silicon 19-22% metal have using Its possible Russian alloy could made nanophase similar techniques Maybe will find out sometime mber1996 133
