Control Line SPEED Gene Hem pel THIS MONTHS COLUMN will cover second final part Charlie Liebers article Fly FAI Speed first part appeared July issue visions flying splendor lets move design FAI Speed model airplane Although airplane drag about 20% total system drag still necessary minimize its contribution Table 1 shows penalty paid aircraft drag terms horsepower required 165 mph classi fications terms drag coefficient flows Reference 2 Clean totally-stream lined configuration Dirty lets hang out addition minimizing drag model should have following additional attributes 1 Hold solid groove flight reliable coming out dolly 2 Provide easy field workability flier should go catatonic shock thought changing lines field dis assembly assembly 3 Basic design should adaptable experiments cooling fuel systems wing planforms 4 reasonably TABLE 3 PROP DIAMETER RANGE Jdfeet 85488 90461 95437 100415 easy build able withstand abuse extensive testing 5 Have repeatable char acteristics model model dont know airplane meets requirements still plenty room invention Today asymmetric airplane predominates contest scene being flown both upright side-mounted engines parameters three planes illustrate type shown Table 2 Front-rotor engines apply table Sketches scale two ships shown Figure 6 illustrate some points Table 2 odd cooling ship results flight bench tests have attempted minimize temperature difference between front rear upper crankcase Bench tests run thermocouples attached engine cooling adjusted running dummy fuselage shelL Final tuning done basis flight experiments Fuel flow angled side ports front port keep front engine cool engine Over past 10 years Rossi 15 has dominated FAI Speed scene reign probably coming end however mainly because its discontinued production poor parts availability new Rossi 15 has yet prove itself domination began its win 1971 European Championships since development engine has focused creasing horsepower running greater rpm obtaining maximum hp higher rpm must understood engines torque curve usually changed timing pipe modifications otherwise no gain would seen 1971 engine run between 2600028000 rpm timing used French 1980 rpm approximately 34000 first successful attempt significantly boost high-end power German team Utrecht Emil Rumpel won Rumpel creased exhaust duration significantly over thencurrent norms Along timing TABLE 1 AIRCRAFT DRAG PENALTY AIRPLANEOPTIMUMCLEANAVERAGEDIRTY Drag Coef CD 0 02 03 04 Airplane Drag HP 0 23 1 34 46 Total drag HP 91 114 125 137 including lines TABLE 2 STATE OF THE ART MODELS AIRPLANE KingfisherASM-1Illegal Smile E RumpelC SchuetteC Lieber Engine MountUprightSidemountedSidemounted Faces InboardFaces Outboard Fuel SystemCrankcase PressBladder PressSuction CentrifugalFuel MeterKingfisher Switch CoolingFront OpeningFront OpeningTop Opening Open PipeCowled PipeEnclosed Pipe FuselageWoodFiberglass/EpoxyFiberglass/Epoxy Wood WingAluminumAluminumKevlarlFibergless/ over balsaEpoxy Wing Span302419 56 Model Aviation comestogether Putting official flight atthe 1978 CL World Champs Doc Jackson 1 holds Charlie Lieber gets set start up Charlie Liebeis modelsthis standard clean design has good stability changes moditied tuned pipe better utilize extended exhaust period ran longer-than-normal intake timing limit flow restrictions However changes would have naught reliable take-off transition onto pipe centrifugal fuel switch crankcase pressure fuel system allowed much progress made two years later 1978 World Champs England fliers incorporating changes Rumpel made two years earlier improve ments pipes research devel opment done mainly Germans 1980 championships signifi cant speed increases over norm 1978 Most entrants running increased exhaust ,,tia,pdnn n,ep 140 speed feet per second per second d eter feet 2 blade prop chart 1 blade prop has same p/d diameter o 2 block diameter 12 3 0 d P poands p/sec 00238 m per sec d eterfeet 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 3 2 1 0 891011121314 chart relates propeller factors Advance Ratio J Power Coefficient Co efficiency Shaded portion shows limited area presently useful model performance PURL SWIT-14KN6FI5PER 4JPRIG i-IT A5SyMETTIC FIAt ITCW Present FAI Speed models follow two design trendsand both use asymmetrical-wing feature Top Rumpels Kingfisher lower Lieberts illegal Smile Both very fast Typical front end upright-engine model Fastest fliers now use one-bladed props Rumpels Kingfishertypical European ship Another Charlie Liebess experiments flying wing turned out pooriyit bad takeoff characteristics ILLEAh SMILE OUreqRD jasyMETRiC September 1982 57 Consumers Unmatched Durability Design Simplicity Aircraft quality aluminum Anodized Finished Can set up type flying Direct Drive Tail Rotor No Tail Rotor Gear Box Manufactured USA Autorotation Extra Dealer Inquiries Welcome Horizon Model Crafts Inc 3625 E Lockwood Houston Texas 77026 Phone 71 4-R72-1 1 R9 have overlooked due failing memory incom plete records lack space Rest assured contributions appreciated us still enjoy Carrier events Richard L Perry 416 Wood/jill Dr Golds boro NC 27530 CL Speed/Hempel Continued page 57 duration 1880 means achiev ing higher hp French won team title Constant taking first French used 1880 exhaust duration AAC aluminum/ aluminum/chrome piston sleeve setup much work done pipes however since 1978 1981 Speed scene Europe having produced absolute speed Constant made fast flight 1980 has produced increase average speed Parramon Spain has consistently run over 268 kph 166 mph no small task has done lot pipe work well elegant flow studies seems important part success comparison US performances have whole lower league able run fairly consistently between 266-267 kph team trials relatively standard equip ment 1880 exhaust 1380 transfer ABC pistorV sleeve 1978 German-style pipe 304 mm lot fine tuning newcomer speeds may seem impossible probably wont obtained start possible lot hard thoughtful work As far engines go things brighter theyve forthe last few years new OPS 15 P&G Metal Products Rossi 15 Bills Miniature Engines Nelson 15 Kustom Kraftsmanship come line truly worldclass engines should produce competi tive speeds sufficient work area engine development feel work line done Parramon pipe modificationis very worthwhile since making up series experimental pipes lot easier average person building engines Combining work changes timing racing motorcycles using greater 2000 exhaust gives potentially time-efficient methods increasing horsepower propeller engine side system find prop listed Yellow Pages under efficiency lot guidelines working props recommendation find out what fast guys using start theory side begin definition prop efficiency 4 ETXVOO DxV P550hp P ne output power foot-pounds per second E Efficiency less 10 T thrust pounds output D force pounds V l speed feet per second hp Engine output horsepowerinput prop aid solution Equation 4 Figure 7 has plotted based upon experimental data taken props shaped unlike used present practice5- 6 Present practice also places pitch-to-diameter p/d ratio speed props between 85 10 Using p/d ratios Figure 7 find likely state-of-theart props have about 8 1% efficiency power coefficient Cp 006 September 1982 149 Over Two Years tense Flight Testing Approval Now Available $39900 thru 82 7Th Spinner Starting Ram Air Cooling Attractive Styling 60 Size Engine No Metric Hardware Spare Parts Availability TAPER ACE Rib Profiler makes tapered eliptical wing design easy Works faster computer Adjusts locks size rib instantly Curve plates provided draw 3 different full symmetrical 3 different semi-symmetrical airfoils Flat bottom airfoils can also drawn Send check MO $2495 Jim Denaro Model Products 543 Bedford Street Concord MA 01742 L determine prop size let us assume dyna mometer measurement has made super engine giving peak hp 5000 rpm n583 revs/sec Using hp multiply ing efficiency 81 enter Figure 2 1134 Drag Horsepower find speed 165 mph perfect pilot interesting note pilot can engine question lose system about 8 mph Finally Figure 7 note range values over d may vary limited J both speed V engine revs per second n now fixed spread shown Table 3 ComputedfromthedefinitionofCponFigure 7 shows diameter 488 ft 586 UsingJ 85 Cp06 inFigure7 sets Wd ratio 092 Note propeller diameterd applies two-bladed prop translate one-blader multiply d constant 115 results one-blade diameter of67 inches p/d ratio unchanged 092 giving pitch 61 inches dimensions one-bladers used 1981 team trials 65-in diameter 6-in pitch speed turned 165 mph better conversion multiplier going twoblade one-blade might 112 terms present practice detailed design pro cedure giving information chord distribu tion pitch distribution available Refer ence 7 References I Analytic Experimental Tools useful Select ing Developing Power Model Propellers D Monson NFFS Symposium 1980 2 Drag Control Lines Models H Jex et aL 195 1-52 Model Aeronautic Yearbook 3 BookFluid Dynamic Drag S Hoemer Inter ference Drag Two Circular Cylinders 4 BookMechanics Seely EnsignThe Conical Pendulum 5 Choosing Best Wakefield Propeller Meuser NFFS Sympo 1970 6 Propellers made Painless D Mendel NFFS Sympo 1970 7 Analytic Design Propellers having Minimum Induced Loss E Larrabee NFFS Sympo 1977 hope time readers column make attempt fly FAI Speed will appreciate amount effort goes putting together such constructive article hope everyone enjoys article Tell em read Model Aviation Speed Column Once again thanks Charlie Lieber wil lingness share much information us Gene Hempe 301 North Yale Dr Garlan4 TX 75042 Monoboom A/Hoffelt Continued page 59 stiffeners finish assemble boom Assembly Mark cut lead-out holes inboard ribs Pin bottom spar work board Lay ribs Make full-span jig proper height position bottom trailing edge jig -in behind ribs Square pin ribs trailing edge Work top spar square ribs space center engine mount Use cyano acrylate glue CA joints Cut nose off rib behind bladder compart ment Glue leading edge Pull pins bottom trailing edge Glue top trailing edge 30-mi epoxy Pin two inches Glue top leading edge sheet 30-mi epoxy Pin inch good trick pin through full-span strip 3/16 sq TE LE sparthis will hold 1/16 sheet Great Planes. Two favorite R/C classics Ask name Either way cant go wrong because both truly Great Planes Trainer 60TM daddy line favorite R/C modelers big 60 wingspan better stability plus plenty room installing radios y great looking design builds up fast can spend time air bench Precision machine cut sanded parts tricycle gear good ground handling. great looking design thats bound draw attention . performance proves beauty can skin deep use 40 engine youll have nice manageable beginning trainer Less $7795 KaosTM No wonder Kaos worlds popular choices comes time graduate low wing design build maintain kind aerobatic performance steals show time thanks famous Kaos tapered wing design. Made precision machine cut sanded parts fast easy assembly Less $7795 Thirty-four Great P Trainer 5 Trainer 10 Basic Trainer Trainer 20 Trainer 40 GLA 40 Trainer 60 Big Birdy Soar Birdy Tweedy Bird Dirty Birdy 40 Dirty Birdy 60 Super Sportster 40 Sun Hi 420 Quickest 200 Quickest 500 553j Kaos Super Kaos 40 Super ltaos 60 JEO Deception Cosmic Wind Rearwin Speedster Chipmunk Corbin Ace Kraft Super Ft CAP 20L AT-6 Texan P51 Mustang F7 Tigercat T28 Aerocommander Shnke Lockheed Sirius 150 Model Aviation shown installed 1Jreat Planes popular rainer bO
Edition: Model Aviation - 1982/09
Page Numbers: 56, 57, 149, 150
Control Line SPEED Gene Hem pel THIS MONTHS COLUMN will cover second final part Charlie Liebers article Fly FAI Speed first part appeared July issue visions flying splendor lets move design FAI Speed model airplane Although airplane drag about 20% total system drag still necessary minimize its contribution Table 1 shows penalty paid aircraft drag terms horsepower required 165 mph classi fications terms drag coefficient flows Reference 2 Clean totally-stream lined configuration Dirty lets hang out addition minimizing drag model should have following additional attributes 1 Hold solid groove flight reliable coming out dolly 2 Provide easy field workability flier should go catatonic shock thought changing lines field dis assembly assembly 3 Basic design should adaptable experiments cooling fuel systems wing planforms 4 reasonably TABLE 3 PROP DIAMETER RANGE Jdfeet 85488 90461 95437 100415 easy build able withstand abuse extensive testing 5 Have repeatable char acteristics model model dont know airplane meets requirements still plenty room invention Today asymmetric airplane predominates contest scene being flown both upright side-mounted engines parameters three planes illustrate type shown Table 2 Front-rotor engines apply table Sketches scale two ships shown Figure 6 illustrate some points Table 2 odd cooling ship results flight bench tests have attempted minimize temperature difference between front rear upper crankcase Bench tests run thermocouples attached engine cooling adjusted running dummy fuselage shelL Final tuning done basis flight experiments Fuel flow angled side ports front port keep front engine cool engine Over past 10 years Rossi 15 has dominated FAI Speed scene reign probably coming end however mainly because its discontinued production poor parts availability new Rossi 15 has yet prove itself domination began its win 1971 European Championships since development engine has focused creasing horsepower running greater rpm obtaining maximum hp higher rpm must understood engines torque curve usually changed timing pipe modifications otherwise no gain would seen 1971 engine run between 2600028000 rpm timing used French 1980 rpm approximately 34000 first successful attempt significantly boost high-end power German team Utrecht Emil Rumpel won Rumpel creased exhaust duration significantly over thencurrent norms Along timing TABLE 1 AIRCRAFT DRAG PENALTY AIRPLANEOPTIMUMCLEANAVERAGEDIRTY Drag Coef CD 0 02 03 04 Airplane Drag HP 0 23 1 34 46 Total drag HP 91 114 125 137 including lines TABLE 2 STATE OF THE ART MODELS AIRPLANE KingfisherASM-1Illegal Smile E RumpelC SchuetteC Lieber Engine MountUprightSidemountedSidemounted Faces InboardFaces Outboard Fuel SystemCrankcase PressBladder PressSuction CentrifugalFuel MeterKingfisher Switch CoolingFront OpeningFront OpeningTop Opening Open PipeCowled PipeEnclosed Pipe FuselageWoodFiberglass/EpoxyFiberglass/Epoxy Wood WingAluminumAluminumKevlarlFibergless/ over balsaEpoxy Wing Span302419 56 Model Aviation comestogether Putting official flight atthe 1978 CL World Champs Doc Jackson 1 holds Charlie Lieber gets set start up Charlie Liebeis modelsthis standard clean design has good stability changes moditied tuned pipe better utilize extended exhaust period ran longer-than-normal intake timing limit flow restrictions However changes would have naught reliable take-off transition onto pipe centrifugal fuel switch crankcase pressure fuel system allowed much progress made two years later 1978 World Champs England fliers incorporating changes Rumpel made two years earlier improve ments pipes research devel opment done mainly Germans 1980 championships signifi cant speed increases over norm 1978 Most entrants running increased exhaust ,,tia,pdnn n,ep 140 speed feet per second per second d eter feet 2 blade prop chart 1 blade prop has same p/d diameter o 2 block diameter 12 3 0 d P poands p/sec 00238 m per sec d eterfeet 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 3 2 1 0 891011121314 chart relates propeller factors Advance Ratio J Power Coefficient Co efficiency Shaded portion shows limited area presently useful model performance PURL SWIT-14KN6FI5PER 4JPRIG i-IT A5SyMETTIC FIAt ITCW Present FAI Speed models follow two design trendsand both use asymmetrical-wing feature Top Rumpels Kingfisher lower Lieberts illegal Smile Both very fast Typical front end upright-engine model Fastest fliers now use one-bladed props Rumpels Kingfishertypical European ship Another Charlie Liebess experiments flying wing turned out pooriyit bad takeoff characteristics ILLEAh SMILE OUreqRD jasyMETRiC September 1982 57 Consumers Unmatched Durability Design Simplicity Aircraft quality aluminum Anodized Finished Can set up type flying Direct Drive Tail Rotor No Tail Rotor Gear Box Manufactured USA Autorotation Extra Dealer Inquiries Welcome Horizon Model Crafts Inc 3625 E Lockwood Houston Texas 77026 Phone 71 4-R72-1 1 R9 have overlooked due failing memory incom plete records lack space Rest assured contributions appreciated us still enjoy Carrier events Richard L Perry 416 Wood/jill Dr Golds boro NC 27530 CL Speed/Hempel Continued page 57 duration 1880 means achiev ing higher hp French won team title Constant taking first French used 1880 exhaust duration AAC aluminum/ aluminum/chrome piston sleeve setup much work done pipes however since 1978 1981 Speed scene Europe having produced absolute speed Constant made fast flight 1980 has produced increase average speed Parramon Spain has consistently run over 268 kph 166 mph no small task has done lot pipe work well elegant flow studies seems important part success comparison US performances have whole lower league able run fairly consistently between 266-267 kph team trials relatively standard equip ment 1880 exhaust 1380 transfer ABC pistorV sleeve 1978 German-style pipe 304 mm lot fine tuning newcomer speeds may seem impossible probably wont obtained start possible lot hard thoughtful work As far engines go things brighter theyve forthe last few years new OPS 15 P&G Metal Products Rossi 15 Bills Miniature Engines Nelson 15 Kustom Kraftsmanship come line truly worldclass engines should produce competi tive speeds sufficient work area engine development feel work line done Parramon pipe modificationis very worthwhile since making up series experimental pipes lot easier average person building engines Combining work changes timing racing motorcycles using greater 2000 exhaust gives potentially time-efficient methods increasing horsepower propeller engine side system find prop listed Yellow Pages under efficiency lot guidelines working props recommendation find out what fast guys using start theory side begin definition prop efficiency 4 ETXVOO DxV P550hp P ne output power foot-pounds per second E Efficiency less 10 T thrust pounds output D force pounds V l speed feet per second hp Engine output horsepowerinput prop aid solution Equation 4 Figure 7 has plotted based upon experimental data taken props shaped unlike used present practice5- 6 Present practice also places pitch-to-diameter p/d ratio speed props between 85 10 Using p/d ratios Figure 7 find likely state-of-theart props have about 8 1% efficiency power coefficient Cp 006 September 1982 149 Over Two Years tense Flight Testing Approval Now Available $39900 thru 82 7Th Spinner Starting Ram Air Cooling Attractive Styling 60 Size Engine No Metric Hardware Spare Parts Availability TAPER ACE Rib Profiler makes tapered eliptical wing design easy Works faster computer Adjusts locks size rib instantly Curve plates provided draw 3 different full symmetrical 3 different semi-symmetrical airfoils Flat bottom airfoils can also drawn Send check MO $2495 Jim Denaro Model Products 543 Bedford Street Concord MA 01742 L determine prop size let us assume dyna mometer measurement has made super engine giving peak hp 5000 rpm n583 revs/sec Using hp multiply ing efficiency 81 enter Figure 2 1134 Drag Horsepower find speed 165 mph perfect pilot interesting note pilot can engine question lose system about 8 mph Finally Figure 7 note range values over d may vary limited J both speed V engine revs per second n now fixed spread shown Table 3 ComputedfromthedefinitionofCponFigure 7 shows diameter 488 ft 586 UsingJ 85 Cp06 inFigure7 sets Wd ratio 092 Note propeller diameterd applies two-bladed prop translate one-blader multiply d constant 115 results one-blade diameter of67 inches p/d ratio unchanged 092 giving pitch 61 inches dimensions one-bladers used 1981 team trials 65-in diameter 6-in pitch speed turned 165 mph better conversion multiplier going twoblade one-blade might 112 terms present practice detailed design pro cedure giving information chord distribu tion pitch distribution available Refer ence 7 References I Analytic Experimental Tools useful Select ing Developing Power Model Propellers D Monson NFFS Symposium 1980 2 Drag Control Lines Models H Jex et aL 195 1-52 Model Aeronautic Yearbook 3 BookFluid Dynamic Drag S Hoemer Inter ference Drag Two Circular Cylinders 4 BookMechanics Seely EnsignThe Conical Pendulum 5 Choosing Best Wakefield Propeller Meuser NFFS Sympo 1970 6 Propellers made Painless D Mendel NFFS Sympo 1970 7 Analytic Design Propellers having Minimum Induced Loss E Larrabee NFFS Sympo 1977 hope time readers column make attempt fly FAI Speed will appreciate amount effort goes putting together such constructive article hope everyone enjoys article Tell em read Model Aviation Speed Column Once again thanks Charlie Lieber wil lingness share much information us Gene Hempe 301 North Yale Dr Garlan4 TX 75042 Monoboom A/Hoffelt Continued page 59 stiffeners finish assemble boom Assembly Mark cut lead-out holes inboard ribs Pin bottom spar work board Lay ribs Make full-span jig proper height position bottom trailing edge jig -in behind ribs Square pin ribs trailing edge Work top spar square ribs space center engine mount Use cyano acrylate glue CA joints Cut nose off rib behind bladder compart ment Glue leading edge Pull pins bottom trailing edge Glue top trailing edge 30-mi epoxy Pin two inches Glue top leading edge sheet 30-mi epoxy Pin inch good trick pin through full-span strip 3/16 sq TE LE sparthis will hold 1/16 sheet Great Planes. Two favorite R/C classics Ask name Either way cant go wrong because both truly Great Planes Trainer 60TM daddy line favorite R/C modelers big 60 wingspan better stability plus plenty room installing radios y great looking design builds up fast can spend time air bench Precision machine cut sanded parts tricycle gear good ground handling. great looking design thats bound draw attention . performance proves beauty can skin deep use 40 engine youll have nice manageable beginning trainer Less $7795 KaosTM No wonder Kaos worlds popular choices comes time graduate low wing design build maintain kind aerobatic performance steals show time thanks famous Kaos tapered wing design. Made precision machine cut sanded parts fast easy assembly Less $7795 Thirty-four Great P Trainer 5 Trainer 10 Basic Trainer Trainer 20 Trainer 40 GLA 40 Trainer 60 Big Birdy Soar Birdy Tweedy Bird Dirty Birdy 40 Dirty Birdy 60 Super Sportster 40 Sun Hi 420 Quickest 200 Quickest 500 553j Kaos Super Kaos 40 Super ltaos 60 JEO Deception Cosmic Wind Rearwin Speedster Chipmunk Corbin Ace Kraft Super Ft CAP 20L AT-6 Texan P51 Mustang F7 Tigercat T28 Aerocommander Shnke Lockheed Sirius 150 Model Aviation shown installed 1Jreat Planes popular rainer bO
Edition: Model Aviation - 1982/09
Page Numbers: 56, 57, 149, 150
Control Line SPEED Gene Hem pel THIS MONTHS COLUMN will cover second final part Charlie Liebers article Fly FAI Speed first part appeared July issue visions flying splendor lets move design FAI Speed model airplane Although airplane drag about 20% total system drag still necessary minimize its contribution Table 1 shows penalty paid aircraft drag terms horsepower required 165 mph classi fications terms drag coefficient flows Reference 2 Clean totally-stream lined configuration Dirty lets hang out addition minimizing drag model should have following additional attributes 1 Hold solid groove flight reliable coming out dolly 2 Provide easy field workability flier should go catatonic shock thought changing lines field dis assembly assembly 3 Basic design should adaptable experiments cooling fuel systems wing planforms 4 reasonably TABLE 3 PROP DIAMETER RANGE Jdfeet 85488 90461 95437 100415 easy build able withstand abuse extensive testing 5 Have repeatable char acteristics model model dont know airplane meets requirements still plenty room invention Today asymmetric airplane predominates contest scene being flown both upright side-mounted engines parameters three planes illustrate type shown Table 2 Front-rotor engines apply table Sketches scale two ships shown Figure 6 illustrate some points Table 2 odd cooling ship results flight bench tests have attempted minimize temperature difference between front rear upper crankcase Bench tests run thermocouples attached engine cooling adjusted running dummy fuselage shelL Final tuning done basis flight experiments Fuel flow angled side ports front port keep front engine cool engine Over past 10 years Rossi 15 has dominated FAI Speed scene reign probably coming end however mainly because its discontinued production poor parts availability new Rossi 15 has yet prove itself domination began its win 1971 European Championships since development engine has focused creasing horsepower running greater rpm obtaining maximum hp higher rpm must understood engines torque curve usually changed timing pipe modifications otherwise no gain would seen 1971 engine run between 2600028000 rpm timing used French 1980 rpm approximately 34000 first successful attempt significantly boost high-end power German team Utrecht Emil Rumpel won Rumpel creased exhaust duration significantly over thencurrent norms Along timing TABLE 1 AIRCRAFT DRAG PENALTY AIRPLANEOPTIMUMCLEANAVERAGEDIRTY Drag Coef CD 0 02 03 04 Airplane Drag HP 0 23 1 34 46 Total drag HP 91 114 125 137 including lines TABLE 2 STATE OF THE ART MODELS AIRPLANE KingfisherASM-1Illegal Smile E RumpelC SchuetteC Lieber Engine MountUprightSidemountedSidemounted Faces InboardFaces Outboard Fuel SystemCrankcase PressBladder PressSuction CentrifugalFuel MeterKingfisher Switch CoolingFront OpeningFront OpeningTop Opening Open PipeCowled PipeEnclosed Pipe FuselageWoodFiberglass/EpoxyFiberglass/Epoxy Wood WingAluminumAluminumKevlarlFibergless/ over balsaEpoxy Wing Span302419 56 Model Aviation comestogether Putting official flight atthe 1978 CL World Champs Doc Jackson 1 holds Charlie Lieber gets set start up Charlie Liebeis modelsthis standard clean design has good stability changes moditied tuned pipe better utilize extended exhaust period ran longer-than-normal intake timing limit flow restrictions However changes would have naught reliable take-off transition onto pipe centrifugal fuel switch crankcase pressure fuel system allowed much progress made two years later 1978 World Champs England fliers incorporating changes Rumpel made two years earlier improve ments pipes research devel opment done mainly Germans 1980 championships signifi cant speed increases over norm 1978 Most entrants running increased exhaust ,,tia,pdnn n,ep 140 speed feet per second per second d eter feet 2 blade prop chart 1 blade prop has same p/d diameter o 2 block diameter 12 3 0 d P poands p/sec 00238 m per sec d eterfeet 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 3 2 1 0 891011121314 chart relates propeller factors Advance Ratio J Power Coefficient Co efficiency Shaded portion shows limited area presently useful model performance PURL SWIT-14KN6FI5PER 4JPRIG i-IT A5SyMETTIC FIAt ITCW Present FAI Speed models follow two design trendsand both use asymmetrical-wing feature Top Rumpels Kingfisher lower Lieberts illegal Smile Both very fast Typical front end upright-engine model Fastest fliers now use one-bladed props Rumpels Kingfishertypical European ship Another Charlie Liebess experiments flying wing turned out pooriyit bad takeoff characteristics ILLEAh SMILE OUreqRD jasyMETRiC September 1982 57 Consumers Unmatched Durability Design Simplicity Aircraft quality aluminum Anodized Finished Can set up type flying Direct Drive Tail Rotor No Tail Rotor Gear Box Manufactured USA Autorotation Extra Dealer Inquiries Welcome Horizon Model Crafts Inc 3625 E Lockwood Houston Texas 77026 Phone 71 4-R72-1 1 R9 have overlooked due failing memory incom plete records lack space Rest assured contributions appreciated us still enjoy Carrier events Richard L Perry 416 Wood/jill Dr Golds boro NC 27530 CL Speed/Hempel Continued page 57 duration 1880 means achiev ing higher hp French won team title Constant taking first French used 1880 exhaust duration AAC aluminum/ aluminum/chrome piston sleeve setup much work done pipes however since 1978 1981 Speed scene Europe having produced absolute speed Constant made fast flight 1980 has produced increase average speed Parramon Spain has consistently run over 268 kph 166 mph no small task has done lot pipe work well elegant flow studies seems important part success comparison US performances have whole lower league able run fairly consistently between 266-267 kph team trials relatively standard equip ment 1880 exhaust 1380 transfer ABC pistorV sleeve 1978 German-style pipe 304 mm lot fine tuning newcomer speeds may seem impossible probably wont obtained start possible lot hard thoughtful work As far engines go things brighter theyve forthe last few years new OPS 15 P&G Metal Products Rossi 15 Bills Miniature Engines Nelson 15 Kustom Kraftsmanship come line truly worldclass engines should produce competi tive speeds sufficient work area engine development feel work line done Parramon pipe modificationis very worthwhile since making up series experimental pipes lot easier average person building engines Combining work changes timing racing motorcycles using greater 2000 exhaust gives potentially time-efficient methods increasing horsepower propeller engine side system find prop listed Yellow Pages under efficiency lot guidelines working props recommendation find out what fast guys using start theory side begin definition prop efficiency 4 ETXVOO DxV P550hp P ne output power foot-pounds per second E Efficiency less 10 T thrust pounds output D force pounds V l speed feet per second hp Engine output horsepowerinput prop aid solution Equation 4 Figure 7 has plotted based upon experimental data taken props shaped unlike used present practice5- 6 Present practice also places pitch-to-diameter p/d ratio speed props between 85 10 Using p/d ratios Figure 7 find likely state-of-theart props have about 8 1% efficiency power coefficient Cp 006 September 1982 149 Over Two Years tense Flight Testing Approval Now Available $39900 thru 82 7Th Spinner Starting Ram Air Cooling Attractive Styling 60 Size Engine No Metric Hardware Spare Parts Availability TAPER ACE Rib Profiler makes tapered eliptical wing design easy Works faster computer Adjusts locks size rib instantly Curve plates provided draw 3 different full symmetrical 3 different semi-symmetrical airfoils Flat bottom airfoils can also drawn Send check MO $2495 Jim Denaro Model Products 543 Bedford Street Concord MA 01742 L determine prop size let us assume dyna mometer measurement has made super engine giving peak hp 5000 rpm n583 revs/sec Using hp multiply ing efficiency 81 enter Figure 2 1134 Drag Horsepower find speed 165 mph perfect pilot interesting note pilot can engine question lose system about 8 mph Finally Figure 7 note range values over d may vary limited J both speed V engine revs per second n now fixed spread shown Table 3 ComputedfromthedefinitionofCponFigure 7 shows diameter 488 ft 586 UsingJ 85 Cp06 inFigure7 sets Wd ratio 092 Note propeller diameterd applies two-bladed prop translate one-blader multiply d constant 115 results one-blade diameter of67 inches p/d ratio unchanged 092 giving pitch 61 inches dimensions one-bladers used 1981 team trials 65-in diameter 6-in pitch speed turned 165 mph better conversion multiplier going twoblade one-blade might 112 terms present practice detailed design pro cedure giving information chord distribu tion pitch distribution available Refer ence 7 References I Analytic Experimental Tools useful Select ing Developing Power Model Propellers D Monson NFFS Symposium 1980 2 Drag Control Lines Models H Jex et aL 195 1-52 Model Aeronautic Yearbook 3 BookFluid Dynamic Drag S Hoemer Inter ference Drag Two Circular Cylinders 4 BookMechanics Seely EnsignThe Conical Pendulum 5 Choosing Best Wakefield Propeller Meuser NFFS Sympo 1970 6 Propellers made Painless D Mendel NFFS Sympo 1970 7 Analytic Design Propellers having Minimum Induced Loss E Larrabee NFFS Sympo 1977 hope time readers column make attempt fly FAI Speed will appreciate amount effort goes putting together such constructive article hope everyone enjoys article Tell em read Model Aviation Speed Column Once again thanks Charlie Lieber wil lingness share much information us Gene Hempe 301 North Yale Dr Garlan4 TX 75042 Monoboom A/Hoffelt Continued page 59 stiffeners finish assemble boom Assembly Mark cut lead-out holes inboard ribs Pin bottom spar work board Lay ribs Make full-span jig proper height position bottom trailing edge jig -in behind ribs Square pin ribs trailing edge Work top spar square ribs space center engine mount Use cyano acrylate glue CA joints Cut nose off rib behind bladder compart ment Glue leading edge Pull pins bottom trailing edge Glue top trailing edge 30-mi epoxy Pin two inches Glue top leading edge sheet 30-mi epoxy Pin inch good trick pin through full-span strip 3/16 sq TE LE sparthis will hold 1/16 sheet Great Planes. Two favorite R/C classics Ask name Either way cant go wrong because both truly Great Planes Trainer 60TM daddy line favorite R/C modelers big 60 wingspan better stability plus plenty room installing radios y great looking design builds up fast can spend time air bench Precision machine cut sanded parts tricycle gear good ground handling. great looking design thats bound draw attention . performance proves beauty can skin deep use 40 engine youll have nice manageable beginning trainer Less $7795 KaosTM No wonder Kaos worlds popular choices comes time graduate low wing design build maintain kind aerobatic performance steals show time thanks famous Kaos tapered wing design. Made precision machine cut sanded parts fast easy assembly Less $7795 Thirty-four Great P Trainer 5 Trainer 10 Basic Trainer Trainer 20 Trainer 40 GLA 40 Trainer 60 Big Birdy Soar Birdy Tweedy Bird Dirty Birdy 40 Dirty Birdy 60 Super Sportster 40 Sun Hi 420 Quickest 200 Quickest 500 553j Kaos Super Kaos 40 Super ltaos 60 JEO Deception Cosmic Wind Rearwin Speedster Chipmunk Corbin Ace Kraft Super Ft CAP 20L AT-6 Texan P51 Mustang F7 Tigercat T28 Aerocommander Shnke Lockheed Sirius 150 Model Aviation shown installed 1Jreat Planes popular rainer bO
Edition: Model Aviation - 1982/09
Page Numbers: 56, 57, 149, 150
Control Line SPEED Gene Hem pel THIS MONTHS COLUMN will cover second final part Charlie Liebers article Fly FAI Speed first part appeared July issue visions flying splendor lets move design FAI Speed model airplane Although airplane drag about 20% total system drag still necessary minimize its contribution Table 1 shows penalty paid aircraft drag terms horsepower required 165 mph classi fications terms drag coefficient flows Reference 2 Clean totally-stream lined configuration Dirty lets hang out addition minimizing drag model should have following additional attributes 1 Hold solid groove flight reliable coming out dolly 2 Provide easy field workability flier should go catatonic shock thought changing lines field dis assembly assembly 3 Basic design should adaptable experiments cooling fuel systems wing planforms 4 reasonably TABLE 3 PROP DIAMETER RANGE Jdfeet 85488 90461 95437 100415 easy build able withstand abuse extensive testing 5 Have repeatable char acteristics model model dont know airplane meets requirements still plenty room invention Today asymmetric airplane predominates contest scene being flown both upright side-mounted engines parameters three planes illustrate type shown Table 2 Front-rotor engines apply table Sketches scale two ships shown Figure 6 illustrate some points Table 2 odd cooling ship results flight bench tests have attempted minimize temperature difference between front rear upper crankcase Bench tests run thermocouples attached engine cooling adjusted running dummy fuselage shelL Final tuning done basis flight experiments Fuel flow angled side ports front port keep front engine cool engine Over past 10 years Rossi 15 has dominated FAI Speed scene reign probably coming end however mainly because its discontinued production poor parts availability new Rossi 15 has yet prove itself domination began its win 1971 European Championships since development engine has focused creasing horsepower running greater rpm obtaining maximum hp higher rpm must understood engines torque curve usually changed timing pipe modifications otherwise no gain would seen 1971 engine run between 2600028000 rpm timing used French 1980 rpm approximately 34000 first successful attempt significantly boost high-end power German team Utrecht Emil Rumpel won Rumpel creased exhaust duration significantly over thencurrent norms Along timing TABLE 1 AIRCRAFT DRAG PENALTY AIRPLANEOPTIMUMCLEANAVERAGEDIRTY Drag Coef CD 0 02 03 04 Airplane Drag HP 0 23 1 34 46 Total drag HP 91 114 125 137 including lines TABLE 2 STATE OF THE ART MODELS AIRPLANE KingfisherASM-1Illegal Smile E RumpelC SchuetteC Lieber Engine MountUprightSidemountedSidemounted Faces InboardFaces Outboard Fuel SystemCrankcase PressBladder PressSuction CentrifugalFuel MeterKingfisher Switch CoolingFront OpeningFront OpeningTop Opening Open PipeCowled PipeEnclosed Pipe FuselageWoodFiberglass/EpoxyFiberglass/Epoxy Wood WingAluminumAluminumKevlarlFibergless/ over balsaEpoxy Wing Span302419 56 Model Aviation comestogether Putting official flight atthe 1978 CL World Champs Doc Jackson 1 holds Charlie Lieber gets set start up Charlie Liebeis modelsthis standard clean design has good stability changes moditied tuned pipe better utilize extended exhaust period ran longer-than-normal intake timing limit flow restrictions However changes would have naught reliable take-off transition onto pipe centrifugal fuel switch crankcase pressure fuel system allowed much progress made two years later 1978 World Champs England fliers incorporating changes Rumpel made two years earlier improve ments pipes research devel opment done mainly Germans 1980 championships signifi cant speed increases over norm 1978 Most entrants running increased exhaust ,,tia,pdnn n,ep 140 speed feet per second per second d eter feet 2 blade prop chart 1 blade prop has same p/d diameter o 2 block diameter 12 3 0 d P poands p/sec 00238 m per sec d eterfeet 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 3 2 1 0 891011121314 chart relates propeller factors Advance Ratio J Power Coefficient Co efficiency Shaded portion shows limited area presently useful model performance PURL SWIT-14KN6FI5PER 4JPRIG i-IT A5SyMETTIC FIAt ITCW Present FAI Speed models follow two design trendsand both use asymmetrical-wing feature Top Rumpels Kingfisher lower Lieberts illegal Smile Both very fast Typical front end upright-engine model Fastest fliers now use one-bladed props Rumpels Kingfishertypical European ship Another Charlie Liebess experiments flying wing turned out pooriyit bad takeoff characteristics ILLEAh SMILE OUreqRD jasyMETRiC September 1982 57 Consumers Unmatched Durability Design Simplicity Aircraft quality aluminum Anodized Finished Can set up type flying Direct Drive Tail Rotor No Tail Rotor Gear Box Manufactured USA Autorotation Extra Dealer Inquiries Welcome Horizon Model Crafts Inc 3625 E Lockwood Houston Texas 77026 Phone 71 4-R72-1 1 R9 have overlooked due failing memory incom plete records lack space Rest assured contributions appreciated us still enjoy Carrier events Richard L Perry 416 Wood/jill Dr Golds boro NC 27530 CL Speed/Hempel Continued page 57 duration 1880 means achiev ing higher hp French won team title Constant taking first French used 1880 exhaust duration AAC aluminum/ aluminum/chrome piston sleeve setup much work done pipes however since 1978 1981 Speed scene Europe having produced absolute speed Constant made fast flight 1980 has produced increase average speed Parramon Spain has consistently run over 268 kph 166 mph no small task has done lot pipe work well elegant flow studies seems important part success comparison US performances have whole lower league able run fairly consistently between 266-267 kph team trials relatively standard equip ment 1880 exhaust 1380 transfer ABC pistorV sleeve 1978 German-style pipe 304 mm lot fine tuning newcomer speeds may seem impossible probably wont obtained start possible lot hard thoughtful work As far engines go things brighter theyve forthe last few years new OPS 15 P&G Metal Products Rossi 15 Bills Miniature Engines Nelson 15 Kustom Kraftsmanship come line truly worldclass engines should produce competi tive speeds sufficient work area engine development feel work line done Parramon pipe modificationis very worthwhile since making up series experimental pipes lot easier average person building engines Combining work changes timing racing motorcycles using greater 2000 exhaust gives potentially time-efficient methods increasing horsepower propeller engine side system find prop listed Yellow Pages under efficiency lot guidelines working props recommendation find out what fast guys using start theory side begin definition prop efficiency 4 ETXVOO DxV P550hp P ne output power foot-pounds per second E Efficiency less 10 T thrust pounds output D force pounds V l speed feet per second hp Engine output horsepowerinput prop aid solution Equation 4 Figure 7 has plotted based upon experimental data taken props shaped unlike used present practice5- 6 Present practice also places pitch-to-diameter p/d ratio speed props between 85 10 Using p/d ratios Figure 7 find likely state-of-theart props have about 8 1% efficiency power coefficient Cp 006 September 1982 149 Over Two Years tense Flight Testing Approval Now Available $39900 thru 82 7Th Spinner Starting Ram Air Cooling Attractive Styling 60 Size Engine No Metric Hardware Spare Parts Availability TAPER ACE Rib Profiler makes tapered eliptical wing design easy Works faster computer Adjusts locks size rib instantly Curve plates provided draw 3 different full symmetrical 3 different semi-symmetrical airfoils Flat bottom airfoils can also drawn Send check MO $2495 Jim Denaro Model Products 543 Bedford Street Concord MA 01742 L determine prop size let us assume dyna mometer measurement has made super engine giving peak hp 5000 rpm n583 revs/sec Using hp multiply ing efficiency 81 enter Figure 2 1134 Drag Horsepower find speed 165 mph perfect pilot interesting note pilot can engine question lose system about 8 mph Finally Figure 7 note range values over d may vary limited J both speed V engine revs per second n now fixed spread shown Table 3 ComputedfromthedefinitionofCponFigure 7 shows diameter 488 ft 586 UsingJ 85 Cp06 inFigure7 sets Wd ratio 092 Note propeller diameterd applies two-bladed prop translate one-blader multiply d constant 115 results one-blade diameter of67 inches p/d ratio unchanged 092 giving pitch 61 inches dimensions one-bladers used 1981 team trials 65-in diameter 6-in pitch speed turned 165 mph better conversion multiplier going twoblade one-blade might 112 terms present practice detailed design pro cedure giving information chord distribu tion pitch distribution available Refer ence 7 References I Analytic Experimental Tools useful Select ing Developing Power Model Propellers D Monson NFFS Symposium 1980 2 Drag Control Lines Models H Jex et aL 195 1-52 Model Aeronautic Yearbook 3 BookFluid Dynamic Drag S Hoemer Inter ference Drag Two Circular Cylinders 4 BookMechanics Seely EnsignThe Conical Pendulum 5 Choosing Best Wakefield Propeller Meuser NFFS Sympo 1970 6 Propellers made Painless D Mendel NFFS Sympo 1970 7 Analytic Design Propellers having Minimum Induced Loss E Larrabee NFFS Sympo 1977 hope time readers column make attempt fly FAI Speed will appreciate amount effort goes putting together such constructive article hope everyone enjoys article Tell em read Model Aviation Speed Column Once again thanks Charlie Lieber wil lingness share much information us Gene Hempe 301 North Yale Dr Garlan4 TX 75042 Monoboom A/Hoffelt Continued page 59 stiffeners finish assemble boom Assembly Mark cut lead-out holes inboard ribs Pin bottom spar work board Lay ribs Make full-span jig proper height position bottom trailing edge jig -in behind ribs Square pin ribs trailing edge Work top spar square ribs space center engine mount Use cyano acrylate glue CA joints Cut nose off rib behind bladder compart ment Glue leading edge Pull pins bottom trailing edge Glue top trailing edge 30-mi epoxy Pin two inches Glue top leading edge sheet 30-mi epoxy Pin inch good trick pin through full-span strip 3/16 sq TE LE sparthis will hold 1/16 sheet Great Planes. Two favorite R/C classics Ask name Either way cant go wrong because both truly Great Planes Trainer 60TM daddy line favorite R/C modelers big 60 wingspan better stability plus plenty room installing radios y great looking design builds up fast can spend time air bench Precision machine cut sanded parts tricycle gear good ground handling. great looking design thats bound draw attention . performance proves beauty can skin deep use 40 engine youll have nice manageable beginning trainer Less $7795 KaosTM No wonder Kaos worlds popular choices comes time graduate low wing design build maintain kind aerobatic performance steals show time thanks famous Kaos tapered wing design. 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