Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250
Edition: Model Aviation - 1984/11
Page Numbers: 58, 59, 60, 61, 156, 157
Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250
Edition: Model Aviation - 1984/11
Page Numbers: 58, 59, 60, 61, 156, 157
Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250
Edition: Model Aviation - 1984/11
Page Numbers: 58, 59, 60, 61, 156, 157
Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250
Edition: Model Aviation - 1984/11
Page Numbers: 58, 59, 60, 61, 156, 157
Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250
Edition: Model Aviation - 1984/11
Page Numbers: 58, 59, 60, 61, 156, 157
Since beginning man has attempted emulate flappingwing flight birds insectssometimes disastrous results people involved So far modeling has suc cess modest great achieved flappers known Ornithopters author describes some experiences unique machinesE Kenneth B Johnson TOO LITTLE has written past Some years ago several modelers in- marry raise family As 1960s few years development flapping- cluding myself began building Indoor rolled around Ron found himself workwing aircraft purpose article models Pittsburgh PA Ron Ganser ing very large building housed discuss design concepts experi- excellent Indoor builder works water-pumping equipment city ments goals Ornithopter en- city water department flew models structure several hundred feet thusiast 40s ceased activities long pumps end floor Left bat concept Ornithopter made toy company picture body has cut away show belicrank rubber motor comes out between feet Right modei shown its iower wing named Biackaheep designed novice indoor fiiers Burbank CA group arent great iot Ornithopter fiiers ardent supporters among Left modei right isa variation bythe author Dick Baxters theme dragonfiy Ornithopter ieftaiso uses Baxtertype iinkage smaii canard surface front dragonfiy needed keep nose head insect up Right two flappers fashioned after first airplane concept Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopters go way back time 58 Model Aviation other half building free obstructions 70-ft ceiling clean exception traveling crane ran length room Ron vited group come fly models him site Saturday morn ing would bring new creations Rons help trimming fly models hearts content soon progressed novice stage intermediate stage builders fliers least once session found ourselves climbing metal ladder ceiling driving crane down tracks dislodging trapped airplane bamboo pole Saturday Ron opened model box introduced us craft ef fect life greatly Ornithopter model very intriguing try having plan build tried design own crude say least next gathering took along new Ornithopter fly As lifted box Ron ex cused himself few minutes re turned own new flapper beautiful very impressed day Rons model flew about 2 mm best time flap per could manage 26 sec believe competitive spirit born day going build flapper someday would beat model Back workshop sketches made model tried analyze what made fly well Ornithopters fill ing mind more art job ad agency sketches flapper linkages started appearing margin pad lunchtime scraps paper reflected mind night drawings came life models Some ideas worked did Linkage setups constructed cardboard test hinge points throws Left A vertical flapper concept far-out design test theory flappers can go side side stiit efficient Note simpie A-frame mount Right Phase 2 modei author did over 31/2 mm Navy/Marine Corps armoryi 980 vintage Left Rear view Canard No 2 departure French design separate center wing panel flaps Independently two outer paneis Right authors replica modeis Eagie swept-forward wings Thread X-bracing strengthens fixed section November 1984 59 Dick Baxter winds rubber motor wife Shirley Mrs Baxter buiit wing-beater modelher first onefrom Japanese kit fiies very well either indoors outdoors test-bed models built too heavy As models got lighter times began creep up up Now airplanes flying over 2 mm point built Jerry Murphys design flew poorly too heavy required too much power shook craft apart Ron Gansers models outflying rules Ornithopters studied over over day got brainstorm build duration-type model flap ping wings large stationary wing would separate higher flappers would located forward Conventional Ornithopters ad small stationary wing part th wing mount long flapper eacl side spar type large cross section root new concept featured two biplane flappers connected root form V short lighter weight resulting air craft proved successful Several models built tested Ron confirmed belief design showed promise As Wingfoot Lake Goodyear blimp facility Akron OH Record Trials ap proached spring 1968 five new models new design readied best Microlite condenser-pa per-covered entry best possibilities air already warm carried model boxes immense build ing Full-size aircraft parked around room various places being main tained repaired As eyes scanned interior several blimp parts caught attention fins stored hanging cables along upper sides sloping roof dust-covered gondola suspended corner model group gathered end building An open area about 300 Left This Wingfoot flapper tnat Turther described text 1968 vintage held Ornithopter record 5 mm 15 sec 12 yearsuntIl rules rewrItten Right authors new breed modelsnumber 94 line covered Microite end condenser paper best flight time has achieved 3 mm 12 sec Thats good en OrnIthopter Left This tunnel-wing experiment proved unsuccessful motor stick inside fixed portion wing NIgnt Rn over-and-under concept fashioned after Dick Baxters flapper Stick front move center gravity forward 60 Model Aviation replica da Vinci design takes wing authos hands Its mecona type uses double belicrank one-loop motor 5/32-in rubber square feet served launch site edges spotted model boxes familiar faces caught eye Bob Randolph Cleveland Con test Director busy making repairs microfilm Cabin model Bill Hulbert Akron working FAI ship Jerry Skrjanc testing- ROG model Jerry well known owner Micro-X company sells Indoor model supplies Down room Edmond Smith flying Ornithopter As began test heavier models apparent air getting warmer buoyant point noticed beads sweat face Bob Ran dolph stopped patching microfilm prop mop away moisture forehead heavy models coming down good times As afternoon wore times over 3 mm lightest flapper being saved last first flights machine showed potential flapper spars broken several times rub ber too powerful craft After repairs made Jerry Skrjanc suggested try some new Pirelli rubber made up 13-in motor 070 pre-wound breaking-in asked timer wound model model climbed almost 70 ft settled its cruise touch down clock read 5 mm 15 sec new record Ornithopters made effort worthwhile drove back Pitts burgh feeling very grateful Ron Ganser After was- Ron got started wonderful machines Several months later Lakewood OH Category record 3 mm 30 sec set same model named Wingfoot Lighter ver sions airplane later con structed exploded under full winds proved 050-oz weight original ideal During next few years few flappers came off building board again tried outdoor Ornithopters Flap Happy design discovered old magazine flew well convinced outdoor flappers thing However indoor wingbeaters flown contest flying session attended way promoting interest type machine delight eyes spectators made worthwhile plans given Out modelers requested Around 1980 rules Ornithop ters rewritten point record times erased everything started fresh new built about 40 flappers decided time design some new ones After tries new design ar rived current format flapper count nearing 100 models point essence design large center fixed wing dihedral biplane flapper end conven tional Microlite-covered tail located aft model showed real promise About 25 flappers varying dimensions fol lowed Finally emerging size shape weight suited new Ornithopter packed up Record Trials Navy/Marine Corps Continued page 156 November 1984 61 Kens gang Ornlthopters flying outdoors two larger models flown Mile Square Park California recording 8-mm flight tiny bottom has wee 2-in span files 5 sec big bird 36 tip tip Left An Ornithopter model patterned after butterfly 1 0-In-span flapper haa solid stick body foam head No vertical fin used balance point controlled length rubber motor Right Dracula ii foam-andpaper monsters flown toy companys new products meeting deemed too fragile manufacture Left Early conventional-styled model patterned after Ron Gansers Ornithopter date about 1064 Right Front view manta-wing canard Ornithopter 20ln-span model configuration very stable flight photos author SAILPLANES WORLD iSOlA Coffee Rd Modesto CA 95355 venerable Dave Keats Troy MI placed third Fast time day Sport Neil Watson Tonawanda NY 137 Formula 11 entries Dave Kelly Niagara Falls Canada came first Lee K&B Pole Cat sec ond place went Dave Keats fast time day 121 third place went Mike Helsel Plymouth MN best time 125 Noticeably absent much-missed Pete Reed out country time FAI Pylon eight entries Art Arro Ann Arbor MI came first best time 133 team entry Rick Paine Dave Ford Brantford Ontar io placed second best time 132 third place went Doug Baker Hamilton Ontario best time 136this also being Dougs first race FAI never ceases amaze club membership 10 fliers able run Pylon Racing Canadian Nats supply help required wives girlfriends sons daughters friends Waterford SOPRA Flying Club express sincere thanks two days solid work trust partying afterward helped make worthwhile work hard party same way Rick Paine Ed Smith Contest Directors congratulations thanks well-run race Event Director Ken Ainsworth Heres another two-day twocontest affair held Austin TX Dave Layman reporter Saturday morning dawned gloomy windy threat rain racing started about 1030 first round bit dull things began pick up second Ed Rankin Rick Oliver tangled went tooth nail However lap nine Rick cut No pylon Ed won 1167 Rick 122 11 laps As round 3 started Ed George Parks got together good race George won 1164 Ed fin ished 1189 came Rick Oliver Dub Jett stayed nose-to-nose four laps came biggie Sailpians International Krause MultiPlex Wanitschek Wik & Roke Sport-Scale-F3B European Hardware Accessories Send $500 Cat & Price List 209 577-0506 tried share same airspace doesnt work both airplanes completely destroyed Next came Norm Johnson Dave Layman Fred French good race three together entire 10 laps battling out Dave eventual winner 1187 Norm second 1191 Fred third 1194 Austin TX Formula Race June 9 1984 race results 1 George Parks 15 pt 1164 fast timePellets/X-AO 2 Ed Rankin 14 pt 1167Polecat/X-40 3 Dave Layman 13 pt l187Polecat/X-40 4 Norm Johnson 12 Pt 1191Toni X-AO 5 Fred French 12 pt 1194 Pellets/X40 18 entries Sunday caine bright sunny 15 mph wind down runway First up Parks Jett usual hotly con tested race expected didnt pan out Jett got rich needle setting George won 117 Next up Norm Johnson Dave Layman again went good race Dave jumped Norm first lap about 50-foot lead managed hold Dave 1178 Norm 1186 Now up George Parks Fred French George running time 1153 fast time Up next Dub Jett Gary Heithold good hot race Jett winning 1162 Gary 1180 Next Ed Rankin Dick Ritch Tracy Hill turned out good race Ed won 1210 Hill 1230 Ritch showed us fly too low around pylon No 3 As round five began close George Parks Dave Layman both perfect scores Dave won last race George Parks Ed Rankin Steve Hill went line last heat race day As clock wound down George couldnt keep engine running zeroed Ed won 121 Dave Layman won marbles fine weekend racing Austin Club did great job running race Mike Krizan starter Thanks guys did great job K5W Engine Cleaner $595 -4 oz Add $150 shippingl Designed model engines No acid alkali bensol Brush let dry brush off Will harm metal Other Products Standale Aircraft ca Newkose cleans polishes plastic mylar fiberglass etc z $495 Professional Masking Solution Spray-on paint mask8 oz $495 Standale Aircraft Co2648 E Thronwood Wyoming Ml 49509 Austin TX Formula Race June 10 1984 race results 1 Dave Layman 15 pt 1178Polecat/X-40 2 Norm Johnson 14 pt 1167Toni/X-40 3 Dub Jett 13 Pt 1 162Denight/X-40 4 George Parks 12 Pt 1153 fast timePellets/X40 5 Phil Bussell 11 Pt 1 196Denight X-40 21 entries have gotten sudden rush contest reports will try get next column See January issue Bill Hager 706 Glen Haven Dr Conroe TX 77385 OrnithopterslJohnson Continued page 61 Armory Los Angeles Category 2 building excellent preceding five days rain saturated struc ture dampness models broken attempt set new mark Later models flew over 31A mm under 20-ft ceiling confidence new design unshaken Seven years ago canard flappers caught attention two tail-first models built best times under 2 mm concept discarded Dick Baxter Costa Mesa CA came out recently first attempt nithopters machines two wings flapped opposite other model wings stacked other wing behind other flew quite well considering mite heavy intrigued built five variants Dicks designs allflapping-wing models After came Butterfly Bill Wat son Gossamer Albatross fame seen flying 3-in Butterfly scale model Burbank High School sessions After several attempts build Watsons little beauty gave up because wouldnt fly failure bugged months finally sketched new Butterfly sure would work first test machine model #121 very successful seven constructed Textbooks 156 Model Aviation butterflies served near three-view references point employed ma jor toy company two scale models Dracula bat conceived deemed too fragile manufac ture body Dracula figure foam Hollowing kept weight down cape formed flapping wings tail double bellcrank housed inside chest flapper concept sold another toy manufacturer price $50000 Two prototypes flapper built About 1970 Columbus Ohio asked come up full-size replica chicken ad agency pro moting country-style restaurant ac count week-long gala held year farm restaurant chain began attractions live chicken flying contest fake chicken put-on contest Ken Johnsons name en tered bonafide contestant day event bird smuggled area Eight large country-style mailboxes constructed hillside live chickens loaded back boxes signal front door would open chicken would fly out chicken wound five agency friends shielded view As whistle blew 100 spectators gasped seven chickens look-alike flew out over hill surprised announcer disqualified entry As rehearsed loudly disagreed distant sirens announced arrival sheriff disgruntled handcuffed Ken Johnson pushed squad car whisked off down road sirens screaming cuffs removed driven back area milling around through crowd some minutes later little old lady approached Dont try stuff again next year fellow stated obvi ously believing entire episode real Insects have seemed like great chal lenge flappers decided try like dragonfly seen linkage setup Baxters model flap per behind other could adapt ed end After sketches craft built result 12-in model blue dragonfly flies straight line about 30 feet doesnt sound like much distance try beating will see tough Another intriguing insect firefly Did know glow worm few creatures nature flap ping wings fixed wing fragile transparent flappers protected insect flight black wing cover cover has airfoil ellip tical tips As firefly prepares flight wing cover hinges forward side right angle body Got ta try soon oddity dis covered painting picture Still Using bid Fashioned IVing HingesGO will gain control efficiency eliminating gap between moveable nd stationary control surfaces will amazed performance gained using simple inexpen sive improvement FREE MOVEMENT450 STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT COMPLETELY FUELPROOF COMPATABLE WITH ALL IRON-ON MATERIALS COMES IN 3 FT LENGTHS SMALL 118 ORPRICE 3 ft $250 LARGE 114 insect strobe light account picture appeared full-page ad Grimes Co Urbana OH Several outdoor Ornithopters late have thermal flights over 8 mm design used variation latest Indoor model difference being wood sizes tripled motor stick/tail boom solid balsa Ive lost two far Mile Square Park Fountain Valley CA thrill see flapper flying up away thermal latest series models canard design sent Bill Hannan French flapper unique because fea tures three-member bellcrank arrange ment apparatus moves wings tail independently As wings go down tail goes up similar angle-of-attack changer used model years ago Paul Del Gatto first Ornithopter type flew right off board flapper wings go up tail goes up setup worked better 20-in version canard flies very smoothly its stable Someone dubbed Manta Ray An Ornithopter builders list must clude Leonardo DiVinci Frenchman Jobert 1872 Dr Huneau de Villeneuve Penaudalong modern-day builders like PH Spenser Harry Graulich Carl Goldberg Ed Lidgard Larry Conover Ron Ganser Edmond Smith Walter David Erbach Bill Watson Jerry Murphy Bob White Bob Meuser Lew Gitlow Al Rohbaugh Jean Andrews Walt Kulzer Only surface has scratched flapping-wing aircraft have completed 135 machines written plan build least 200 Some time ago decided flaps flies its Ornithopter recent model has vertical EASY TO INSTALL 42 3 CUT 1/4 DEEP SLIT ALONG TIf FLKL LENGTH THE MArING NAqEACES MISTALL NM/GEUSE STRAIGHT PIN TO MAKE SM4LL HOLE EVANY RICH OR SODR/P CYANOACRYLATE GLLF IN HOLESCAPLLARY ACDON MILL CARRY GLUE ALONG ENTIRE JDNT FOR ADDITONAL SEaiRIT1 MISERT SMALL PIN EVERY FEW ARCHES CUT OFF FLUSH F1LL AND SAND AS AEEDED FOR FIR/SHING Send Free info fine products FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24th Avenue Forest Grove OR 97116 flappers similar fishs side fins Guess what flies worldwide club Ornithoptologists begun last year can join send ing name address have two goals 1 have Ornithopters recog nized fine art kinetic sculpture Recently 25 flappers featured one-man art show month Los Angeles Mission College 2 build fly full-size man-carrying nithopter Two friends both aeronautical engineers have offered help quest platform variation Indoor design Note would like get plans Ornithopter model check sources Indoor Model Supply ex cellent Indoor kit Box C Garberville CA 95440 Micro-X-Models two plans K Johnson PO Box 1063 Lorain OH 44055 Send comments Ken Johnson 16052 Tulsa St Granada Hills CA 91344 FF DurationlMurpy Continued page 63 wing built strong enough stand motor bike retrieving thinks its very good event should taken seriously Well James now know get 020 started certainly shall Custom Fuel Tanks Old-Timer Nostalgia Gas movements have ten dency force rediscovery number lost arts may have put aside Free Flighters some years Such item art fabricating custom fuel tanks variety engines applications So needs Pacifier tanks have standard competition FF Continued page 160 November1984 157 AGAPLESS HiNGE SLOTTER Simplifies installation Gapless Hinges Makes Slols 4 Sizes Balsa 5-A-l/ E $250