Heli-Fli

\ y V SEE TOLD YOU THESE EGG BEATERS ARENT DIFFICULT TO FLYJUST DIFFERENT comments advice John Simone Jr five level structured program learning fly RC Helicoptereach building other being progressively harder designed forteaching ones self instructor available Part 10 Tom Burdin _________________________ 30 Model Aviation N PRELUDE FLY Radio Control model Helicopter meits too difficult Well thought also except experience developing FLI fixed-wing aircraft told skill can learned systematic progressive learning program can developed As new flier RC Helicopters knew teach myself fly machine Note said teach myself develop program myself unskilled student program used learn fly Helicopter real meat whole article begin looked back basic principles FLI see still valid suggest have heard read FLI refer October 1979 issue Model Aviation read least prelude re examination basic principles yielded following observations Helicopters nave nearo oI LR ueIor ii key ingredient learning program young lady left picture making square flying surface ZAH practice Level II Note shes using masking tape asto deface property neck strap transmitter right picture recommended allow free use hands controls improves safety 1 Based upon graduated skill levels ol defined tasks clear definitions basic principle still heart progressive training program 2 Skill levels must progressively harder building last leading next No problem either except FLI depended upon instructor evaluate progress Helicopter program opinion essentially self-taught differential between skill levels needs finer allow easier transition between levels 3 Clear measurement students pro gress Once again no basic problem except FLI measurement values given instructor defineie judgment Helicopter values must self-measuring clearly defined 4 Clear definition final end point training FLI safe solo flight goal Helicopter flight solo beginning new goal statement needed After doing re-examination initial FLI concepts decided self-taught thing real issue instructor demonstrator maneuvers saviour errant flying machines instructor supplies little pieces information turn problem solution provides gems knowledge make flying lesson sparkle instructor mentor guide No can substitute good one-on-one interaction trying solve problem learn skill recognized club likely yours blessed abundance ofwhirlybird gurus What club say Exactly point can satisfy very basic needs instructor leaming process primarily self-taught cant hope supply instructor included magazine toll-free number chopper expert think can provide some insight subtleties learning process through mentor writing expert will John Simone Jr former US Champion well known flier manufacturer RC Helicopters John will com ment throughout program drawing experience base enhance basic program Johns advice will identified symbol JS beginning ending comments JS Ill interject first comment RC Helicopter sport has wandering too long finding way train its new devotees program fills void should encourage little hesitant give try Learning fly Radio Control model Helicopter hardits just different Its discipline orien tation between self machine between machine surroundings such fixed-wing flying Its different can learned effort JS Id like take quick look process involved learning fly Refer Figures 1 2 3 indicates comparison two items Fig 1 two items compared desired change Helicopters orientation visual image presently compare two pictures make decision put control change output machine response control input Stage process continues compare current machine position desired June 1981 31 John Simone Jr shown flying Mantis adviser training course Author aiscusses pros cons beginning collective-pitch machine vs fixed-pitch control stick co figurations gyros etc End goals program safe hover safe forward flight fliS IflS correct positioti Lu ucyin Jfl aiu other maneuvers Beforeyoubeginflying need know Helicopter inside Out position Thats beginner flies machineby experimenting observing results As begin learn task ability predict what needed move present machine position desired positon improves begin bypass decision-making comparison steps know what results want put control change achieve Fig 2 shows Stage II learning process by-pass word model build model flying characteristics machine brain use comparison decision steps less less Finally Fig 3 know what want make control change get No checkingyou know its mental model complete trust reality vacillate between Stages II III machine conditions experience changes three-part process learning valid FLI program uses graduated task development optimize building mental models As learn new task new part operating Stage mode old tasks Stage II III Hence learning optimized Lastly necessary constantly reinforce learned skill retention new material dies away unless reinforced practice FLI forces continuously re-use old material new task built previous tasks following remarks orginally scheduled Postlude since program long document appeared important share informaton early Id like share some experiences learning fly Helicopter comments around four different items 1 Single-stick versus two-stick transmitters 2 Gyros 3 Collective versus fixed-pitch Helicop ters 4 Selection control system Single-stick vs two-stick began fly RC Helicopters convinced singlestick natural way fly machines around sky After knob stick closely resembled three axes machine Fall 1979 progressed through Level III using single-stick transmitter winter came Ohio During winter paid visit confidant endeavor John Simone sunny Califor nia invited fly Revolution 40 Helicopters eager few words master readily accepted John flies two-stick left out cold sunny warm southern California discussion followed recollections quali fied Helicopter pilots convinced two-stick approach better appraoch two reasons 1 Its too easy twist single-stick yaw knob other control movements made introduces upsets system have fight during learning process result reduced progress learning 2 go out looking some one-onone instructional aid its far easier find twostick Helicopter pilot single-stick type Just because HELI-FLI designed selfinstruction no substitute instructor Get can snows cleared April dragged out vintage Rev 40 two-stick transmitter began again Level II easily transitioned using two-stick configuration also used Futaba J series later Revolution Com mander intention recommend over other lay out few pieces information make decision Gyros began learn fly things also installed gyro help control tail rotor worked properly controlled nicely few comments order since aspects its use positive Unless electronics wizard amount control depends upon electronic match between gyro servo result may vary delicate trim complete control cannot override gyro does help concentrate other three axes control later may restrict maneuvers wish use it recommended proficient remove gyro retrain yourself manage tail rotor manually gyro passive rate-of-change device waits Helicopter move yaw axis Fast moves get quick response whereas slow drifts may seen corrected due hysteretic losses gyro match servo system hysteresis can also cause system stabilize slow turn yaw axis rather zero turn desired gyro its feedback potentiometer device maintain can fail Also really ought carry some separate batteries gyro motor rather further drain receiver pack battery system works hard enough just keeping air gyro decision again yours removed beginning two-stick transition found machine properly trimmed no real degradation learning eventual retraining eliminated Collective vs fixed pitch matter choice Helicopters two basic control systems available todays marketplacefixed pitch collective pitch better description would fixed collective pitch variable collective pitch technical difference ability control pitch angle rotor blades flight fixed pitch system cannot results flight speak faster cyclic response positive feel control inputs plus essentially instant lift response rather delay seen fixed pitch machines fixed pitch system depends upon engine speed control lift takes time speed up slow down main rotor system decision must make choosing first Helicopter cost viewpoint fixed pitch machines much cheaper two other arguments should hear 1 Understanding Helicopter maintain32 Model Aviation COM PA RE DESIRED ITEM AOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGEDECISIONCHANGERESPONSE FIG ISTAGE Figures 1 2 3 graphic representations process involved learning fly Helicopter Stage 1 beginning flier constantly comparing desired change orientation Helicopters position making decision putting control change DESIREDOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGE ITEM ADECISIONCHANGERESPONSE VISUAL FEEDBACK FIG 2STAGE II Stage 2 learning process flier has built mental model Helicopters flying characteristics controls affect uses Stage 1 comparison less less FIG 3STAGE III flier reaches Stage Ill knows what wants Helicopter necessary control changes get fliers mental model complete trusts ing key ingredients successful learning process collective pitch model requires understanding Youre ready end HELI-FLIto flit about sky like hummingbird need machine Simplicity essence beauty keep simple simplify learning process 2 key successful Helicopter flying mental model predicting next needed input slower reponse fixed pitch design favor forces ahead machine will sharper pilot result experience recom mendation start fixed pitch Helicopter like Mantis Heli-Baby youve completed HELI-FLI move up collective models like Commander Heli-Boy have ball Control System has lot reading before get beast air Success Helicopter flying based sound preparation well determination final item list need address matter radio system selection technological revolution us day plain five-channel digital system disappearing fast new entry Radio Control Helicopter hobby old-timer making change pace need look future choice radio systems Yes can fly Helicopters fivechannel system let again relate experience began standard system installed four servos dutifully As built Com mander able secure Futaba J series systems installed new toy learned well old Rev 40 eager move Commander Futaba has manner knobs switches early flights Commander decided rough special features offered J series As became comfortable machine began experiment special added attractions First coupled tail rotor TR lift control such correct counter torque present static lift condition Static implies no change progress changes lift made tail rotor control required non-changing conditions Futaba has provided differential input yaw control give extra little kick required want large quick lift change dont watch yaw axis carefully great transition forward flight hover inevitable saves required doesnt everything does keep manageable Later installed fifth servo throttle may ask Well said authority horsepower engine increases proportion ally speed until top end speed range tails off bit collective pitch system operating top end engine torque curve time horsepower required increasing blade pitch speed just keeps climbing advance lift lever result can sagging engine need the horsepower needed exceeds available power plant Futaba helps problem allowing tailor response pitch change servo approximate engine say pitch will continue increase selectable point will increase slower rate continue increase lift lever result better engine/machine match manner other goodies available system boggie mind point Im going make concerns ability control system deal some routine problems confronting Helicopter pilot advance integrated circuits will seeing more advanced trans mitter systems market Futaba market following already systems can minimize lot housekeeping problems associated flying Helicopter giving time advance skill course should begin without understanding what may slow progress rather speed up As skill advances use electronics take over some drudgery let yourself go though wont use special features executing HELI-FLI buy system features advance collective pitch machine control system can advance Two final items Unlike airplane flies forward mode Helicopter flies forward hovers Therefore final goals HELI-FLI will two-fold 1 Safe hover 2 facturers instructions 3 The student will assemble flight-line kit include appropriate tools spares required repair aircraft field following anomalies a Broken main rotor M/R blades b Broken tail rotor T/R blades c Damaged flybar paddles d Missing nuts bolts fittings 4 Student will break new engine per manufacturers recommendations until reliable operation idle obtained 5 Student will balance track M/R blades manufacturers tolerances Discussion decision learn fly RC Helicopters has brought fascinat ing challenging demanding sector hobby/sport learning process will require great deal terms effort patience tenacity pain comes joy mastering beast like wild horse once tamed pleasure show off main differences between whirl ing-wing machine fixed-wing flying variety SPACE CROSSBARS I/2PVC WATERPIPE 450 ELBOW AS REQUIRED 3/4ALUM NUM U AeoijjI CUT 900 NOTCH IN SIDE BEND DOWN FIG 4 GLUE PIPE WITH PVC GLUE PLIOBOND OR EPOXY TRAINING LANDING GEAR wide-stance training gear shown well nigh essential performing ZAH Level Il narrow gear Helicopter will tend tip over instead scooting along ground Safe forward flight hover transition will develop other forward mode flight Lastly HELI-FLI like its prede cessor FLI will teach fly organized progressive program will allow learn fly honestly follow program key ingredient success self-discipline Enough philosophy Lets get HELl FLU HELI-FLI LEVEL 1 Task Description Measurement Criteria 1 The student will purchase commercially available Helicopter assemble per manufacturers instructions 2 The student will repeatedly disassemble completely rebuild machine manu facturers specifications until operation can done correctly reference-to manu necessity maintain its mechanical sound ness fixed-wing RC machine has its roaring power plant up front remove growl structure fairly straightforward construc tion balsa giass foam Its fairly rigid has airflow over its exterior Helicopter other hand construction metal wood and/or plastic bolted together congiomera tion gears belts linkages whirling ridiculous speeds Helicopter takes beating just hovering let alone flying around Hence ability maintain mechanics correct operating condition main differences between success failure engine quits youre training Futaba Trainer glide uneventful landing same thing happens youre learning fly Revolution Commander youll take home pile metal unless expert auto-rotation landingsand machine equipped first responsibility know Helicopter inside out mechanical ly keep up snuff cant learn fly June 1981 33 mechanical system keeps fighting Hence Level concerned mechanics machine Dont skip Level II Level may save flying machine lot money Lets start beginning choosing Helicopter sure look currently manu factured actively represented machines models sold hut some obsolete todays standards some no longer manufac tured some spare parts no longer available Also dont ever consider home-built design first machine Youre going have enough problems learning maintain fly let alone re-design go Along availability parts avail ability manufacturer and/or local repre sentative significant point have hot line talk factory could difference between success failure problem occurs Finally dont quickly try modify chopper per some local guru article written magazine changes well designed worthwhile increase reliability flying characteristics just pizzazzor items add particular flight characteristic may fact decrease its value trainer right now just beginning know too little making value judgments about relative merits modifications recommend contact manufacturer knowledgeable representative prior modifications keep up user mods can advise ones should consider machineif JS phone calls answer custo mers roughly 80% go correcting mistakes homebrewed wizards design todays commercially available Helicopter underwent significant testing before reaching market result best set compromises required give good product customers Its perfect everyone its good product make changes need fully understand flight characteristic design criteria aero dynamic design criteria make change knowing details can damage good Wait until youre expert flier before become expert Helicopter designer JS Once youve assembled new machine ability reassemble field may have significant effect learning curve Youre going break rotor blades bend flybars Its shame give up trip local flying site training time due broken rotor blades usually quick fix item should do-able field level maintenance its subsequent realignment Helicopter parallel changing propelleronly its lot precise self-discipline doing things precisely will decrease learning time since youre always fighting machine Take thing apart couple times put back together Concentrate really knowing part goes what its alignment relative rest machine Essentially should memorize assembly manual JS precision assembly procedure will enhanced supported consistent manner Always rebuild same manner no matter start assembly consistency will improve quality results hence repeatabil ity setups bottom line result solid base train machine will always same JS day-do-day maintenance needs done also Ive developed check list should accomplished before first flight day after last flight aid assuring existing setup airworthinessin addition identifying required repairs can also serve check-out after field repairs Speaking repairs ought assemble tools necessary field repairs plus spare parts linkages collars nuts bolts remind yourself take along time go fly cant use what dont have Before crank up engine try leap air need say few words about engine words areit must reliable fine engines market designed primarily fixed-wing crowd now seeing some early evidence unique Helicopter engines such 0 S Max 45 H large will have choose engines available utility use key item look whether 40 size 60 reliability Stick well known name strongly recommend use ball bearing eninge Schnuerle PDP porting engines cream crop opinion should hold good stead Dont take engine out box mount Helicopterexcluding construction rebuild practicebut break thoroughly cant afford sag seizure hover flying along 50 ft altitude JS Please dont try use ofyour favorite old engines wear patterns bearings cylinder parts different engine fixed-wing machine Helicopter old sport flier favorite may fail quickly chopper rightbuy new mill Dont plan autorotation saving machine neat thing learn learned skilldont count during training Other fuel filter also believe pumps regulators cant work well fuel tank location real problem typical chopper keep simple Youve got enough moving parts JS OK time crank up start things turning before doing really need play main rotor blades bit things typically turning 1800 rpm liftoff least bit out balance youve built lot vibration beast can cause things bend break faster supposed blades provided manu facturer high quality need checked balance after cover/paint Two basic checks required 1 overall weight 2 center gravity CG overall weight concept obvious center gravity check necessary assure weight appears same location blade simple balancemake yourself sufficient weight checks old razor blade balance great checking CG actual blade weight unimportant long both same Please dont use screws end blade balancing could fly out hurt someone use plastic trim tape heavy cloth stuff Use contrasting colors since helps tracking adjustments laterwhere need identify individual blade Speaking tracking adjustments needs done after blade set changenever change just bladeand rechecked time go out fly usually instructions included Helicopter kit to track blades necessity tracking derives stability vibration liftall contribute success JS Speaking CG its time check overall Helicopter CG also Just like fixed-wing varieties Helicopter has specific CG location should balance directly main Continued page 123 34 Model Aviation H 4 6 SQ TYPICAL/ 6 SI 8-12 c PILOT FIG 5TRAINING TRIANGLE layout ZAH training coursethree 1 -ft squaresarranged triangle Threeturns around course direction completes Most weight must lifted ZAH ailerons set -in up 3/16-in down Rudder should have throw can get hitting elevators project has given lot real enjoyment get excited time fly hope experience decide build same Have fun thats what its about Heli- Fli/Burdin Continued page 34 rotor shaft Adjust location batteries etc get location Dont change CG location accommodate flying conditions would fixed-wing aircraft Heli copter CG should always under main shaft flying conditions should adjusted trim JS couple comments before FbI 1 Your flying site should smooth asphalt grass training program Early ma neuvers require sliding across surface lift off dont want grass snagging skids struggle air 2 Choose flying site gives some peace work interruption interested bystanders cant concentrate people asking questions remember youre little dangerous training dont deserve audience yet dont want either 3 Most manufacturers have wide stance landing gear recommend training Revolution 40 assembly manual described simple set skids made out -in plastic water pipe Its cheap easily made strong fixture wide stance prevents tip-overs early days training turn saves rotor blades Helicopters OK airalmost Check List Pre-flight 1 Flight kit stocked spare parts tools 2 Radiocontrol range check 3 Radiofull battery charge 4 Correct weather flight 5 Main rotor tracking 6 Transmitter trim settings Post-flight 1 Check nuts bolts linkages 2 Main rotor coning angle lead/lag pitchas required 3 Tail rotor drive mechanism 4 Servo mounts condition 5 Fuel system 6 Bearing lubrication 7 All other alignments HELI-FLI LEVEL 2 maneuvers level accom plished calm air Task Descriptions Measurement Criteria 1 The student will trim cyclic yaw controls allow zero altitude hover ZAH transmitter trim levers neutral position 2 The student will able maintain position orientation ofthe Helicopter within al-ft square executing ZAH maneuver Position orientation will maintained tail-in period minute 3 The student will able maneuver Helicopter over triangular course 6-ft GUSMA io Controlled Hand Launched Gear Up Scale Model Aircraft June 1981 123 HENDERTOON SOUTHERNS SORGHUM & FLEXALL THE STANDARDPLASTICIZER CONTACTFOR ADHESIVEACRYLICS FORAND SHEETINGDOPES FOAM WINGS WILL NOTSTOPS ATTACKCRACKING STYRO F DAMAND CORESCHIPPING DAVE BROWN PRODUCTS 8534 HUDDLESTON -CINCINNATI OHIO 45236- AREA CODE 5131 791 0744 YOUR DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR Plane ShIrts 5725 complete history back ground colorful WWII airplanes applied sky blue shirts Breome BiTIoP-38 Ughmlng MU-I CoMrP-39 Airorobra F4F WIIdroIP-40 Whawk F6P HelIrolP47 Thedebolt F7F TigerrolP-SI Mortong FSP BoerrotP-hi Sleek WIdo, AT-h TeoenFroISO P-hE HewkMM Zero sense humor gags lot people Sky blue T-shirts printed two colors Pitts shirt white printed red black ,osoeh thi,gsgraety- Order MGOrder MN C SCMEUWJG SFEOALV OrdeePS l earth sorksinq.rnrna.k Fr Order SH Order SD Mens sizes Sm 32-36J Med 38-401 Lg 42-44J XL 461 order PP NameSend check money order plus SI P/HJ AddressFlightlifle Shirts EtcAdd 65% taX 12504 Saratoga AvenueSend StateZipSaratoga CA 95070for breeJwre SizeStyleDesignTotal SlAllow 4-6 weeks delivemyl 124 Modes Aviation side maintaining ZAHtail-in Heli copter will maintain stable position over corner square period one-half minute ZAH tail-in orientation maneuver must accomplished clockwise counterclock wise Three times around course direction completes maneuver Discussion suppose now sick tired operating screwdriver wrench learn machine inside out Believe effort will worthwhile during learning new flying skills would seem however time put machine air correct arealmost fixed-wing FLI program progressed simple straight-and-level flying demanding maneuverthe landing deal ing friend Helicopter act ofjust getting off ground demanding exercise theres no instructor get air give controls stable make first venture off ground successful venture need develop some new skill levels Now knew Id have sneak skill level concept discussion necessary development will take place using maneuver called zero altitude hover ZAH ZAH maneuver Helicopter lifting 98-99 percent its weight result similar way puck behaves air hockey games Helicopter will skid very little friction rides bubble air created rotor downwash mode flight can begin learn reactions Helicopter hover zero altitude ZAH JS Its appropriate time say few words about surface will practicing ZAH Since will skidding essential surface smooth free obstacles can snag skids wheeled undercarriage rotor plane essentially gyroscope input upsetting plane can result unwanted possibly disastrous movements Although grass softer landing spot case trouble ZAH cannot done other smooth surface nice blades grass can catch landing gear unwanted input Find nice lonely macadam parking lot street JS Before actually try perform ZAH need say few words about landing gear maneuver best performed wide stance training gear installed two reasons 1 narrow gear installed Helicopters machine will tend tip over rather scoot along ground due skids being too close center gravity cyclic control applied machine requires little force tip over since point contact ground close lift center tipping force reduced effectiveness Helicopter scoots direction called wider landing gear 2 moving skids outward have decreased machines sensitivity yaw upsets ie tail rotor pitch changes engine torque changes yaw relationships still reduced sensitivity due increase angular moment inertia around vertical axis through main rotor shaft result time think react plus less sensitive machine yaw axis Cyclic controls dampened little yaw pronounced axis affected Ive included design simple training landing gear end level Fig 4 based John Simones design beefed up bit own experience cost usually Nightline shirts have got coveredI g MltrhelI 6-29 Soperforlress less S 10 parts local hardware store may choose use can assure less success ZAH now hover maneuver later dont wider landing gear will remain through Level IV will waste time Its evenings work may save weeks learn ing time possible broken bird first step learning process trim machine stays close possible remaining spot begin lift off assure Helicopter set up perfectly per manufacturers specifications CG right spot Now rela tive setup strongly recommend set up controls fly nose means right yaw input transmitter gives corresponding right movement nose basic right turn clock wise movement regardless location nose right turn clockwise maneuver So beginning flying training can start associating actually being Helicopters pilot seat JS setting up engine mixture recommend set engine little bit rich side will cause smoother transi tion change power levels softer response will give appearance docile engine finely tuned engine would Having recently acquired manufac turing rights forthe popular GloBee plug Twinn-K now introduces 24-plug pack agelets say hive Since sure release whether intended dealer convenience guys eat plugs own fleet ships probably both well just tell 24-plug plastic package makes great plug caddie However since handy plug guide bottom case helps retailer consumer choose right plug suppose Ws basically just convenient attractive packaging GloBee plugs since introduction about six years ago enjoy high reputation perform ance under demanding racing conditions product review product review product review G -MARK ENGINES ~~NNON IRIC SYSTEMS ITHESE SUPERB NEW R/C AND U-CONTROL ENGINES ARE MANUFACTURED IN JAPAN BY LONG ESTABLISHED SUBSIDIARY OF CITIZENS WATCH COMPANY THEIR PRECISION WORK IS EVIDENT IN THE DE ISIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THESE ENGINES U-CONTROL UNITS PRODUCE THE HIGH RPMS EXPECTED FOR TOP PERFORMANCE THROTTLEEQUIPPED R/C ENGINES PROVIDE RELIABLE LOWSPEED IDLING SMOOTH SPEED TRANSITION IAND GOOD TOP END PERFORMANCE EVEN WITH MUFFLERS ALL ENGINES ARE EASY STARTING MUFFLERS ARE STANDARD ALL R/C ENGINES HAVE THROTTLES 03 R/C GE-4017 03 RC $3995 03 u/c 061 R/C-C FOR CARS AND BOATS GE-4011 03 A1 ZI $3495 061 R/C GE4013 061 RC 061 u/c 30 R/C TWIN SCHNUERLE PORTED $29500 Ia I 305 5 CYL R/C ISHIPPING $3OOCOD WITH 20% DEPOSIT CALIF IVISAORDERS -6%TAX R/C BROCHURE 60 US $170 FOREIGN STD DEALER & DISTRIBUTOR DISCOUNTS 13400-26 Saticoy Street North Hollywood Calif 91605 decrease learning would fighting its quick response Easy does now Also set up throws servos swashplate set up get about -in throw swashplate direction beginning setting may find need throw due slow servos Helicopter sluggish response JS Now back work Advance lift control throttle and/or collectiveuntil machine becomes skittish light-footed Typically Helicopter will drift control input important lift advancing input done slowly case significant drifttrimproblem unexpected lift-off drift noted remember direction immediately reduce lift important quickly since directional movement may cause machine become airborne due increased lift gained translational GLOW PLUGS NOT INCLUDED GLOW HEAD & PROP COME WITH 03S GE-4015 12- 2F $10995 movement occurs simply put may take off out trim break machine Correct errant trim axis time using adjust able connections servos Dont use transmitter trim tabs yet youll use later need good center point left/right fore/aft cyclic controls trim check out tail rotor yaw control same manner own initial setup tail rotor places pitch blades zero relative tail boom control transmitter full counterclockwise left flying nose setting clockwise rotation main rotor counterclock wise CCW M/R set pitch zero full right clockwise CW yaw control dynamic setting tail rotor ZAH have found slight CCW drift will later result good full lift setting Slight CW drift CCW M/RContinued page 126 June 1981 125 oroduct review product review Droduct review $3195 GE -4016 06 lRC-C $4295 GE -4019 30 2F $18995 122 R/C TWIN Packaged GloBee Plugs Twinn-K ternational inc PO Box 31228 Indianapolis IN 46231 ,..S. ....IS....flSS..........SSISSS,S AMMJ MAS ENTERPRISES 1979-1980SPECIALISTS IN MNATIONAL CHAMPION ___________________ adly HeadsRC HELICOPTERS MJ MAS ENTERPRISES now offering totally new service helicopter enthasiastl One-stop shopping R/C Helicopter needs regardless what voare flyingl discount prices also offering free set-op flying instractine poars asking bane bails flown analyzed esery malor brand Helicopter anail able Oar staff qoalified answer questions ranging front installing train log gear flying ship icoetted j Cusions-bailt Helicopters include goar choice Helicopter Eng. Radio Test Flown Litnited Basini NEW FROM WORLD ENGINES ZENITH 40 POWERED HELICOPTER 5 HOUR CONSTRUCTION List $23g95 SPECIAL Only $16995 Price Includes Extra Set Main Rotos Tail Rotor Blades M J MAS ENTERPHISES P0 Box 727 Miami FL 33197 Phone 305 255-0658 ME gQLT pROP yUS Quadra McCulloch Super Hustler Thin new prop bob will fit abovo engines ones 5/1 8-24 shaft Bolt plate serves drill jig tapped spinner bolt Only $1995ROUSH MFG Dealer ibotorP0 Box 251 Inquiries WelcomeSendyville Ohio 44671 3W TIMER KITS Full Partial Rita 4Ks Models--Full Kits--Gao Rubber 1940 Baby Buezard Bombshell 36 020$1395 1941 Lambs Climber 44 Spoas Rubber $1495 1939 Korda Wakefield 44 Rubber Cabin$1495 J & R Modela--Fsall Rita-- 020 Replica 1942 Brooldyn Dodger 32 Span $1295 1940 So Long 32 Span $1295 Tyro Modela--Full Kit--iSA TEXACO RIC 1939 Bay Ridge Mike 496 049f199 $2995 P 6 W Semi-Kila--Rib Tip For-inter Rita 1937 Dallaire Spor-tster-109 Span Plan Ext$2600 Companion Str-ipwaod Kit Oallair-e-$3000 1940 Sailplane Cosnet-79 Wing Plan Ext $4750 Companion Str-ipwood Kit Sailplane--$2636 [Plans Dallair-e$5 00 Sailplane Wing-$3 00] Midseay Model Co -Full arid Partial Kilo Rib Tip & Former Kits--Macnine Cut Par-ta 1926 Flying Quaker- 94 Cabin Plan IncI $2150 1937 Quaker Flash 67 Cabin Plan Inel$1750 1937 Long Cabin 79 Plan Extr-a$500$1590 Replica Old Timer-n020 Gas or- Electric 1940 Buzaurd Bombnhell 30 Span FF $1195 1940 Scientific Mercury 36 PP or- 1ChR/C $1395 1041 Request 30 Span PP$1295 Old Time K/C Spor-t--Futl Kits--2-3 Ch R/C 1938 Power-house 50 10-15 engines $3196 1939 Air Tr-ails Sportster- 19 10 15eng$3596 BOOKS ON OLD TIMER MODELS NEW--1034 Zauc Year Book$550 Anilque Old Timer- Model Air Cr-aft$1900 Air- Age Gas Models MAN Requints$395 FREE FLIGHT KITS Sport Scale Sparkey Comet 30 Span Old Time Rubber $440 lilaverick K/N 36 Span Coupe Rubber- $1346 Lacy 5110 Peck Peanut Scale $440 SaleIlite 459 4Ks 00 Span 15 36 eng $2595 FLECTRIC SYSTEMS AND KITS watro 95 System Wired $5991 [SPECIALnO $4796] Astro 55 System Wired $lI995tSPEClAL $0196] Astro Sport Kit For- 95 23 Ch K/C $2120 Quiet Revolution Book $lgl[SPECIALnO$500l Shipping Handling 50 Page CATALOGUE Up ro $000 add $150 $100 PP copy mill $001 $2600 add $225 sent fr-ne upon $2001 10 $6500 add $300 recfuest order-I $9591 $7090 add $300 a y or-n over $7000 add $900 PO Box 30911 CA Addressees add 6% Seal Beach Ca 90740 Sales Tax Send MO CR 719 OglI0223Best or- VisalMC #cEXPl mornings or- recarder-- COD-Esaco Chg.$tl9 Hdl activates 5 rings] 126 Model Aviation OVERSEAS DISTRIBUTORS 0.HD0URThRS SCHIUTER HELl 60 Size CALL FOR OUR LOW PRICES Sclslater Helicopter Pans Stock Including Pipes Fuselages Etc LOWEST PRICES ,SysEem iS would wise thing note record trim settings youve just developed will save time later repairs required Check before first flight day assure machine last time flew may notice little right cyclic required swashplate CW main rotor Helicopter offset necessary counteract left drift created T/R counters engine torque opposite trim required CCW Helicopter Finally trim settings ZAH will ballpark fly Level III JS OK youre trim ZAH ready flight trimming Helicopter have really reduced work fixed-wing air craft have fairly stable flight attitude neutralize control sticks Helicopter safety valve fixed-wing flying since attitude youve trimmed necessarily attitude always want will become evident later Levels II III IV flying will good friend Well now begin practice ZAH maneuver will essentially balancing bubble air downwash rotor blades compresses air between plane blades flying surface creating bubble under rotor plane compression result high pressure area created blades create lift Any change distance between rotor plane surface such tilting rotor plane through control movements quickly affects lift bubble hence feeling balancing ball ball two three feet above surface ground effect bubble reduced greatly control sensitivity relaxed Thus begin ning training under worst conditionson bubble conditions will sharpen reactions both deliberately induced importantly automatic ally done conditions also exist time land automatic reactions ones want train though work may seem boring time-consuming highly produc tive dont cheat Using paint masking tape put down triangle squares shown Figure 5 Begin ZAH did trimming now conscious ly try maintain position orientation machine inside 1-ft squares machine maintains its position square control input two things has occurred 1 youre prodigy have trimmed perfectly 2 youre cheating latter usually case likely cause really lifting majority weight bubble Helicopter will RAOlO PRSI INSTRUCTIONAL TAPES NOW AVAILABLE Building Trimming 0 Flying 0 Contest Flying Noolce Expert O Aatorotations setap/Praclice *AeLtbatics/lflvertedlliQlttJ AMERICAN R/C MANTIS NOW ONLY $11998 very very squirrely doing maneuver correctly should working hard maintain position important learn machines responses control inputs also teach respond changes position and/or attitude ideal reasonably safe time learn things move Helicopter around square maximize learning can maintain position orientation square minute bub ble ready move JS During ZAH maneuvers recommend remain 8-12 ft behind aircraft three reasons 1 It safer since will have some distance between Helicopter case blade other rotating part separates machine Level III use 3-ft hover avoid lining up rotor plane head 2 Since safer will relaxed can concentrate flying 3 You will have better perspective Helicopter its surroundings too close see copter area around orientation clues located iS next maneuver begin ZAH original square maintaining tail-in orien tation translate skid next square will require combination cyclic controls cause drifting ZAH moving around did single-square maneuver will now pay off move forward backwards sideways combination negotiate course use triangle makes work little harder rectangular course due use angular movements requiring combination inputs controls first translational movements should very slow rapid translation can upset stability increasing lift As fly course concen trate minimizing control inputs small adjustments will serve well Level III will repeat maneuvers air Believe well trimmed Helicopter quite stable small corrections needed also process building some auto-reactions aircraft anomalies building mental model reactions built two practice sessions keep practicing though may seem endless Finally word Level II Dont trust yourself measure results task defini tions specific enough allow accurate measurement skill advancement Use another person test against Level II criteria will better learning can move Level III can go around course three times direction pausing 30 seconds square ZAHand dont cheat hard serious work Level II now may later save Helicopter continued RC Scale/Wischers Continued page 41 Precision Scale static judging con testant supplies rule used three-view models measured steel tape seven model areas given grade 1 10 grade multiplied Kfactor AMA Scale grading done 1 25 no K-factor Judges examine model specific items fuselage metal-type aircraft should show panel lines depth painted older planes lines should represent joints overlap proper direction shed water down rearward later aircraft joints flush line should have scribed appearance Rivets should proper size location type quantity Fabric covering should reveal properly sized located structure underneath Prototype stringers longerons ordinarily narrow rounded come contact fabric dont have sharp corners Tapes cover wear points Ifdocu mentation photos show imperfections wrinkles should duplicated Most important length width cross section dimensions locations features must correct Fabric-covered wings need rib tapes stitch ing authenticity necessarily obtrusive Tape edges almost vanish wellfinished plane pinked tape edges may evident especially fiberglass tapes used good close-up photo will help Spars should visible through fabric oversize trailing edges will lower score Wingspan chord airfoil thickness dihedral angle dimensions locations ailerons flaps will checked closely bolts used wing attachment should recessed covered unless visible original Panel lines metal wings need overlapped direction airflow External pushrods model-type devises horns ailerons elevators used original will reason downgrading Increased tail surface area wing area especially tips will particular interest judges Modelers sometimes widen tips sharply tapered wings increase stability change easily detected thickened wing tips increased dihedral prototype tail surfaces have airfoil section models surfaces flat expect reduction score Aileron flap tail surface hinges should have centers proper location means some commer cial model hinges may usable Landing gear shape location height can spoil scale appearance incorrect char acteristic Focke WuIf FW-1 90 its long legs see models plane shortened legs ground stability easier retraction Judges looking fault will also check tires shape diameter thick ness tread pattern sidewall markings retractable gear should swing scale manner well covers function proper sequence Wheel wells should painted have some detailed interior structure visible planes rather cluttered hydraulic lines conduits well equipped tail wheel should swivel scale-like manner correct mounting difficult decisions Scale modeling find method cooling model engine yet have hidden tend prefer partially exposed engine better cooling longer life sacrifice scale appearance However modelers now successfully cooling completely hidden engine elabor ate ducting Shape cowl should faithfully duplicated ventilation openings proper size location louvers hinges latches portions visible dummy engine need accurately represented model engine ex haust best piped out true scale location Scale propellers covered April 81 column AMA contest cockpit graded Importance equal other areas receives K-factor 4 FAI because scarcity information older planes Seats controls interior finish require approximately same effort size instrument panels definitely easier larger models very likely judge will reach inside rule measure dimensions Most cockpit cabin judging done eyeball proportions various details another deter mining factor decisions about size location Radio equipment should well hidden raising cockpit cabin floor considered good way conceal servos Finish color markings judging category Sport Precision FAI Scale least agreement relative importance Sport Scale could amount 30% score also heavily weighted FAI Getting markings correct place properly sized merely mechanical problem accounts errors However finish color can extremely sticky problem rules state Profile publications accep table yet printed artists renditions June 1981 127

\ y V SEE TOLD YOU THESE EGG BEATERS ARENT DIFFICULT TO FLYJUST DIFFERENT comments advice John Simone Jr five level structured program learning fly RC Helicoptereach building other being progressively harder designed forteaching ones self instructor available Part 10 Tom Burdin _________________________ 30 Model Aviation N PRELUDE FLY Radio Control model Helicopter meits too difficult Well thought also except experience developing FLI fixed-wing aircraft told skill can learned systematic progressive learning program can developed As new flier RC Helicopters knew teach myself fly machine Note said teach myself develop program myself unskilled student program used learn fly Helicopter real meat whole article begin looked back basic principles FLI see still valid suggest have heard read FLI refer October 1979 issue Model Aviation read least prelude re examination basic principles yielded following observations Helicopters nave nearo oI LR ueIor ii key ingredient learning program young lady left picture making square flying surface ZAH practice Level II Note shes using masking tape asto deface property neck strap transmitter right picture recommended allow free use hands controls improves safety 1 Based upon graduated skill levels ol defined tasks clear definitions basic principle still heart progressive training program 2 Skill levels must progressively harder building last leading next No problem either except FLI depended upon instructor evaluate progress Helicopter program opinion essentially self-taught differential between skill levels needs finer allow easier transition between levels 3 Clear measurement students pro gress Once again no basic problem except FLI measurement values given instructor defineie judgment Helicopter values must self-measuring clearly defined 4 Clear definition final end point training FLI safe solo flight goal Helicopter flight solo beginning new goal statement needed After doing re-examination initial FLI concepts decided self-taught thing real issue instructor demonstrator maneuvers saviour errant flying machines instructor supplies little pieces information turn problem solution provides gems knowledge make flying lesson sparkle instructor mentor guide No can substitute good one-on-one interaction trying solve problem learn skill recognized club likely yours blessed abundance ofwhirlybird gurus What club say Exactly point can satisfy very basic needs instructor leaming process primarily self-taught cant hope supply instructor included magazine toll-free number chopper expert think can provide some insight subtleties learning process through mentor writing expert will John Simone Jr former US Champion well known flier manufacturer RC Helicopters John will com ment throughout program drawing experience base enhance basic program Johns advice will identified symbol JS beginning ending comments JS Ill interject first comment RC Helicopter sport has wandering too long finding way train its new devotees program fills void should encourage little hesitant give try Learning fly Radio Control model Helicopter hardits just different Its discipline orien tation between self machine between machine surroundings such fixed-wing flying Its different can learned effort JS Id like take quick look process involved learning fly Refer Figures 1 2 3 indicates comparison two items Fig 1 two items compared desired change Helicopters orientation visual image presently compare two pictures make decision put control change output machine response control input Stage process continues compare current machine position desired June 1981 31 John Simone Jr shown flying Mantis adviser training course Author aiscusses pros cons beginning collective-pitch machine vs fixed-pitch control stick co figurations gyros etc End goals program safe hover safe forward flight fliS IflS correct positioti Lu ucyin Jfl aiu other maneuvers Beforeyoubeginflying need know Helicopter inside Out position Thats beginner flies machineby experimenting observing results As begin learn task ability predict what needed move present machine position desired positon improves begin bypass decision-making comparison steps know what results want put control change achieve Fig 2 shows Stage II learning process by-pass word model build model flying characteristics machine brain use comparison decision steps less less Finally Fig 3 know what want make control change get No checkingyou know its mental model complete trust reality vacillate between Stages II III machine conditions experience changes three-part process learning valid FLI program uses graduated task development optimize building mental models As learn new task new part operating Stage mode old tasks Stage II III Hence learning optimized Lastly necessary constantly reinforce learned skill retention new material dies away unless reinforced practice FLI forces continuously re-use old material new task built previous tasks following remarks orginally scheduled Postlude since program long document appeared important share informaton early Id like share some experiences learning fly Helicopter comments around four different items 1 Single-stick versus two-stick transmitters 2 Gyros 3 Collective versus fixed-pitch Helicop ters 4 Selection control system Single-stick vs two-stick began fly RC Helicopters convinced singlestick natural way fly machines around sky After knob stick closely resembled three axes machine Fall 1979 progressed through Level III using single-stick transmitter winter came Ohio During winter paid visit confidant endeavor John Simone sunny Califor nia invited fly Revolution 40 Helicopters eager few words master readily accepted John flies two-stick left out cold sunny warm southern California discussion followed recollections quali fied Helicopter pilots convinced two-stick approach better appraoch two reasons 1 Its too easy twist single-stick yaw knob other control movements made introduces upsets system have fight during learning process result reduced progress learning 2 go out looking some one-onone instructional aid its far easier find twostick Helicopter pilot single-stick type Just because HELI-FLI designed selfinstruction no substitute instructor Get can snows cleared April dragged out vintage Rev 40 two-stick transmitter began again Level II easily transitioned using two-stick configuration also used Futaba J series later Revolution Com mander intention recommend over other lay out few pieces information make decision Gyros began learn fly things also installed gyro help control tail rotor worked properly controlled nicely few comments order since aspects its use positive Unless electronics wizard amount control depends upon electronic match between gyro servo result may vary delicate trim complete control cannot override gyro does help concentrate other three axes control later may restrict maneuvers wish use it recommended proficient remove gyro retrain yourself manage tail rotor manually gyro passive rate-of-change device waits Helicopter move yaw axis Fast moves get quick response whereas slow drifts may seen corrected due hysteretic losses gyro match servo system hysteresis can also cause system stabilize slow turn yaw axis rather zero turn desired gyro its feedback potentiometer device maintain can fail Also really ought carry some separate batteries gyro motor rather further drain receiver pack battery system works hard enough just keeping air gyro decision again yours removed beginning two-stick transition found machine properly trimmed no real degradation learning eventual retraining eliminated Collective vs fixed pitch matter choice Helicopters two basic control systems available todays marketplacefixed pitch collective pitch better description would fixed collective pitch variable collective pitch technical difference ability control pitch angle rotor blades flight fixed pitch system cannot results flight speak faster cyclic response positive feel control inputs plus essentially instant lift response rather delay seen fixed pitch machines fixed pitch system depends upon engine speed control lift takes time speed up slow down main rotor system decision must make choosing first Helicopter cost viewpoint fixed pitch machines much cheaper two other arguments should hear 1 Understanding Helicopter maintain32 Model Aviation COM PA RE DESIRED ITEM AOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGEDECISIONCHANGERESPONSE FIG ISTAGE Figures 1 2 3 graphic representations process involved learning fly Helicopter Stage 1 beginning flier constantly comparing desired change orientation Helicopters position making decision putting control change DESIREDOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGE ITEM ADECISIONCHANGERESPONSE VISUAL FEEDBACK FIG 2STAGE II Stage 2 learning process flier has built mental model Helicopters flying characteristics controls affect uses Stage 1 comparison less less FIG 3STAGE III flier reaches Stage Ill knows what wants Helicopter necessary control changes get fliers mental model complete trusts ing key ingredients successful learning process collective pitch model requires understanding Youre ready end HELI-FLIto flit about sky like hummingbird need machine Simplicity essence beauty keep simple simplify learning process 2 key successful Helicopter flying mental model predicting next needed input slower reponse fixed pitch design favor forces ahead machine will sharper pilot result experience recom mendation start fixed pitch Helicopter like Mantis Heli-Baby youve completed HELI-FLI move up collective models like Commander Heli-Boy have ball Control System has lot reading before get beast air Success Helicopter flying based sound preparation well determination final item list need address matter radio system selection technological revolution us day plain five-channel digital system disappearing fast new entry Radio Control Helicopter hobby old-timer making change pace need look future choice radio systems Yes can fly Helicopters fivechannel system let again relate experience began standard system installed four servos dutifully As built Com mander able secure Futaba J series systems installed new toy learned well old Rev 40 eager move Commander Futaba has manner knobs switches early flights Commander decided rough special features offered J series As became comfortable machine began experiment special added attractions First coupled tail rotor TR lift control such correct counter torque present static lift condition Static implies no change progress changes lift made tail rotor control required non-changing conditions Futaba has provided differential input yaw control give extra little kick required want large quick lift change dont watch yaw axis carefully great transition forward flight hover inevitable saves required doesnt everything does keep manageable Later installed fifth servo throttle may ask Well said authority horsepower engine increases proportion ally speed until top end speed range tails off bit collective pitch system operating top end engine torque curve time horsepower required increasing blade pitch speed just keeps climbing advance lift lever result can sagging engine need the horsepower needed exceeds available power plant Futaba helps problem allowing tailor response pitch change servo approximate engine say pitch will continue increase selectable point will increase slower rate continue increase lift lever result better engine/machine match manner other goodies available system boggie mind point Im going make concerns ability control system deal some routine problems confronting Helicopter pilot advance integrated circuits will seeing more advanced trans mitter systems market Futaba market following already systems can minimize lot housekeeping problems associated flying Helicopter giving time advance skill course should begin without understanding what may slow progress rather speed up As skill advances use electronics take over some drudgery let yourself go though wont use special features executing HELI-FLI buy system features advance collective pitch machine control system can advance Two final items Unlike airplane flies forward mode Helicopter flies forward hovers Therefore final goals HELI-FLI will two-fold 1 Safe hover 2 facturers instructions 3 The student will assemble flight-line kit include appropriate tools spares required repair aircraft field following anomalies a Broken main rotor M/R blades b Broken tail rotor T/R blades c Damaged flybar paddles d Missing nuts bolts fittings 4 Student will break new engine per manufacturers recommendations until reliable operation idle obtained 5 Student will balance track M/R blades manufacturers tolerances Discussion decision learn fly RC Helicopters has brought fascinat ing challenging demanding sector hobby/sport learning process will require great deal terms effort patience tenacity pain comes joy mastering beast like wild horse once tamed pleasure show off main differences between whirl ing-wing machine fixed-wing flying variety SPACE CROSSBARS I/2PVC WATERPIPE 450 ELBOW AS REQUIRED 3/4ALUM NUM U AeoijjI CUT 900 NOTCH IN SIDE BEND DOWN FIG 4 GLUE PIPE WITH PVC GLUE PLIOBOND OR EPOXY TRAINING LANDING GEAR wide-stance training gear shown well nigh essential performing ZAH Level Il narrow gear Helicopter will tend tip over instead scooting along ground Safe forward flight hover transition will develop other forward mode flight Lastly HELI-FLI like its prede cessor FLI will teach fly organized progressive program will allow learn fly honestly follow program key ingredient success self-discipline Enough philosophy Lets get HELl FLU HELI-FLI LEVEL 1 Task Description Measurement Criteria 1 The student will purchase commercially available Helicopter assemble per manufacturers instructions 2 The student will repeatedly disassemble completely rebuild machine manu facturers specifications until operation can done correctly reference-to manu necessity maintain its mechanical sound ness fixed-wing RC machine has its roaring power plant up front remove growl structure fairly straightforward construc tion balsa giass foam Its fairly rigid has airflow over its exterior Helicopter other hand construction metal wood and/or plastic bolted together congiomera tion gears belts linkages whirling ridiculous speeds Helicopter takes beating just hovering let alone flying around Hence ability maintain mechanics correct operating condition main differences between success failure engine quits youre training Futaba Trainer glide uneventful landing same thing happens youre learning fly Revolution Commander youll take home pile metal unless expert auto-rotation landingsand machine equipped first responsibility know Helicopter inside out mechanical ly keep up snuff cant learn fly June 1981 33 mechanical system keeps fighting Hence Level concerned mechanics machine Dont skip Level II Level may save flying machine lot money Lets start beginning choosing Helicopter sure look currently manu factured actively represented machines models sold hut some obsolete todays standards some no longer manufac tured some spare parts no longer available Also dont ever consider home-built design first machine Youre going have enough problems learning maintain fly let alone re-design go Along availability parts avail ability manufacturer and/or local repre sentative significant point have hot line talk factory could difference between success failure problem occurs Finally dont quickly try modify chopper per some local guru article written magazine changes well designed worthwhile increase reliability flying characteristics just pizzazzor items add particular flight characteristic may fact decrease its value trainer right now just beginning know too little making value judgments about relative merits modifications recommend contact manufacturer knowledgeable representative prior modifications keep up user mods can advise ones should consider machineif JS phone calls answer custo mers roughly 80% go correcting mistakes homebrewed wizards design todays commercially available Helicopter underwent significant testing before reaching market result best set compromises required give good product customers Its perfect everyone its good product make changes need fully understand flight characteristic design criteria aero dynamic design criteria make change knowing details can damage good Wait until youre expert flier before become expert Helicopter designer JS Once youve assembled new machine ability reassemble field may have significant effect learning curve Youre going break rotor blades bend flybars Its shame give up trip local flying site training time due broken rotor blades usually quick fix item should do-able field level maintenance its subsequent realignment Helicopter parallel changing propelleronly its lot precise self-discipline doing things precisely will decrease learning time since youre always fighting machine Take thing apart couple times put back together Concentrate really knowing part goes what its alignment relative rest machine Essentially should memorize assembly manual JS precision assembly procedure will enhanced supported consistent manner Always rebuild same manner no matter start assembly consistency will improve quality results hence repeatabil ity setups bottom line result solid base train machine will always same JS day-do-day maintenance needs done also Ive developed check list should accomplished before first flight day after last flight aid assuring existing setup airworthinessin addition identifying required repairs can also serve check-out after field repairs Speaking repairs ought assemble tools necessary field repairs plus spare parts linkages collars nuts bolts remind yourself take along time go fly cant use what dont have Before crank up engine try leap air need say few words about engine words areit must reliable fine engines market designed primarily fixed-wing crowd now seeing some early evidence unique Helicopter engines such 0 S Max 45 H large will have choose engines available utility use key item look whether 40 size 60 reliability Stick well known name strongly recommend use ball bearing eninge Schnuerle PDP porting engines cream crop opinion should hold good stead Dont take engine out box mount Helicopterexcluding construction rebuild practicebut break thoroughly cant afford sag seizure hover flying along 50 ft altitude JS Please dont try use ofyour favorite old engines wear patterns bearings cylinder parts different engine fixed-wing machine Helicopter old sport flier favorite may fail quickly chopper rightbuy new mill Dont plan autorotation saving machine neat thing learn learned skilldont count during training Other fuel filter also believe pumps regulators cant work well fuel tank location real problem typical chopper keep simple Youve got enough moving parts JS OK time crank up start things turning before doing really need play main rotor blades bit things typically turning 1800 rpm liftoff least bit out balance youve built lot vibration beast can cause things bend break faster supposed blades provided manu facturer high quality need checked balance after cover/paint Two basic checks required 1 overall weight 2 center gravity CG overall weight concept obvious center gravity check necessary assure weight appears same location blade simple balancemake yourself sufficient weight checks old razor blade balance great checking CG actual blade weight unimportant long both same Please dont use screws end blade balancing could fly out hurt someone use plastic trim tape heavy cloth stuff Use contrasting colors since helps tracking adjustments laterwhere need identify individual blade Speaking tracking adjustments needs done after blade set changenever change just bladeand rechecked time go out fly usually instructions included Helicopter kit to track blades necessity tracking derives stability vibration liftall contribute success JS Speaking CG its time check overall Helicopter CG also Just like fixed-wing varieties Helicopter has specific CG location should balance directly main Continued page 123 34 Model Aviation H 4 6 SQ TYPICAL/ 6 SI 8-12 c PILOT FIG 5TRAINING TRIANGLE layout ZAH training coursethree 1 -ft squaresarranged triangle Threeturns around course direction completes Most weight must lifted ZAH ailerons set -in up 3/16-in down Rudder should have throw can get hitting elevators project has given lot real enjoyment get excited time fly hope experience decide build same Have fun thats what its about Heli- Fli/Burdin Continued page 34 rotor shaft Adjust location batteries etc get location Dont change CG location accommodate flying conditions would fixed-wing aircraft Heli copter CG should always under main shaft flying conditions should adjusted trim JS couple comments before FbI 1 Your flying site should smooth asphalt grass training program Early ma neuvers require sliding across surface lift off dont want grass snagging skids struggle air 2 Choose flying site gives some peace work interruption interested bystanders cant concentrate people asking questions remember youre little dangerous training dont deserve audience yet dont want either 3 Most manufacturers have wide stance landing gear recommend training Revolution 40 assembly manual described simple set skids made out -in plastic water pipe Its cheap easily made strong fixture wide stance prevents tip-overs early days training turn saves rotor blades Helicopters OK airalmost Check List Pre-flight 1 Flight kit stocked spare parts tools 2 Radiocontrol range check 3 Radiofull battery charge 4 Correct weather flight 5 Main rotor tracking 6 Transmitter trim settings Post-flight 1 Check nuts bolts linkages 2 Main rotor coning angle lead/lag pitchas required 3 Tail rotor drive mechanism 4 Servo mounts condition 5 Fuel system 6 Bearing lubrication 7 All other alignments HELI-FLI LEVEL 2 maneuvers level accom plished calm air Task Descriptions Measurement Criteria 1 The student will trim cyclic yaw controls allow zero altitude hover ZAH transmitter trim levers neutral position 2 The student will able maintain position orientation ofthe Helicopter within al-ft square executing ZAH maneuver Position orientation will maintained tail-in period minute 3 The student will able maneuver Helicopter over triangular course 6-ft GUSMA io Controlled Hand Launched Gear Up Scale Model Aircraft June 1981 123 HENDERTOON SOUTHERNS SORGHUM & FLEXALL THE STANDARDPLASTICIZER CONTACTFOR ADHESIVEACRYLICS FORAND SHEETINGDOPES FOAM WINGS WILL NOTSTOPS ATTACKCRACKING STYRO F DAMAND CORESCHIPPING DAVE BROWN PRODUCTS 8534 HUDDLESTON -CINCINNATI OHIO 45236- AREA CODE 5131 791 0744 YOUR DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR Plane ShIrts 5725 complete history back ground colorful WWII airplanes applied sky blue shirts Breome BiTIoP-38 Ughmlng MU-I CoMrP-39 Airorobra F4F WIIdroIP-40 Whawk F6P HelIrolP47 Thedebolt F7F TigerrolP-SI Mortong FSP BoerrotP-hi Sleek WIdo, AT-h TeoenFroISO P-hE HewkMM Zero sense humor gags lot people Sky blue T-shirts printed two colors Pitts shirt white printed red black ,osoeh thi,gsgraety- Order MGOrder MN C SCMEUWJG SFEOALV OrdeePS l earth sorksinq.rnrna.k Fr Order SH Order SD Mens sizes Sm 32-36J Med 38-401 Lg 42-44J XL 461 order PP NameSend check money order plus SI P/HJ AddressFlightlifle Shirts EtcAdd 65% taX 12504 Saratoga AvenueSend StateZipSaratoga CA 95070for breeJwre SizeStyleDesignTotal SlAllow 4-6 weeks delivemyl 124 Modes Aviation side maintaining ZAHtail-in Heli copter will maintain stable position over corner square period one-half minute ZAH tail-in orientation maneuver must accomplished clockwise counterclock wise Three times around course direction completes maneuver Discussion suppose now sick tired operating screwdriver wrench learn machine inside out Believe effort will worthwhile during learning new flying skills would seem however time put machine air correct arealmost fixed-wing FLI program progressed simple straight-and-level flying demanding maneuverthe landing deal ing friend Helicopter act ofjust getting off ground demanding exercise theres no instructor get air give controls stable make first venture off ground successful venture need develop some new skill levels Now knew Id have sneak skill level concept discussion necessary development will take place using maneuver called zero altitude hover ZAH ZAH maneuver Helicopter lifting 98-99 percent its weight result similar way puck behaves air hockey games Helicopter will skid very little friction rides bubble air created rotor downwash mode flight can begin learn reactions Helicopter hover zero altitude ZAH JS Its appropriate time say few words about surface will practicing ZAH Since will skidding essential surface smooth free obstacles can snag skids wheeled undercarriage rotor plane essentially gyroscope input upsetting plane can result unwanted possibly disastrous movements Although grass softer landing spot case trouble ZAH cannot done other smooth surface nice blades grass can catch landing gear unwanted input Find nice lonely macadam parking lot street JS Before actually try perform ZAH need say few words about landing gear maneuver best performed wide stance training gear installed two reasons 1 narrow gear installed Helicopters machine will tend tip over rather scoot along ground due skids being too close center gravity cyclic control applied machine requires little force tip over since point contact ground close lift center tipping force reduced effectiveness Helicopter scoots direction called wider landing gear 2 moving skids outward have decreased machines sensitivity yaw upsets ie tail rotor pitch changes engine torque changes yaw relationships still reduced sensitivity due increase angular moment inertia around vertical axis through main rotor shaft result time think react plus less sensitive machine yaw axis Cyclic controls dampened little yaw pronounced axis affected Ive included design simple training landing gear end level Fig 4 based John Simones design beefed up bit own experience cost usually Nightline shirts have got coveredI g MltrhelI 6-29 Soperforlress less S 10 parts local hardware store may choose use can assure less success ZAH now hover maneuver later dont wider landing gear will remain through Level IV will waste time Its evenings work may save weeks learn ing time possible broken bird first step learning process trim machine stays close possible remaining spot begin lift off assure Helicopter set up perfectly per manufacturers specifications CG right spot Now rela tive setup strongly recommend set up controls fly nose means right yaw input transmitter gives corresponding right movement nose basic right turn clock wise movement regardless location nose right turn clockwise maneuver So beginning flying training can start associating actually being Helicopters pilot seat JS setting up engine mixture recommend set engine little bit rich side will cause smoother transi tion change power levels softer response will give appearance docile engine finely tuned engine would Having recently acquired manufac turing rights forthe popular GloBee plug Twinn-K now introduces 24-plug pack agelets say hive Since sure release whether intended dealer convenience guys eat plugs own fleet ships probably both well just tell 24-plug plastic package makes great plug caddie However since handy plug guide bottom case helps retailer consumer choose right plug suppose Ws basically just convenient attractive packaging GloBee plugs since introduction about six years ago enjoy high reputation perform ance under demanding racing conditions product review product review product review G -MARK ENGINES ~~NNON IRIC SYSTEMS ITHESE SUPERB NEW R/C AND U-CONTROL ENGINES ARE MANUFACTURED IN JAPAN BY LONG ESTABLISHED SUBSIDIARY OF CITIZENS WATCH COMPANY THEIR PRECISION WORK IS EVIDENT IN THE DE ISIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THESE ENGINES U-CONTROL UNITS PRODUCE THE HIGH RPMS EXPECTED FOR TOP PERFORMANCE THROTTLEEQUIPPED R/C ENGINES PROVIDE RELIABLE LOWSPEED IDLING SMOOTH SPEED TRANSITION IAND GOOD TOP END PERFORMANCE EVEN WITH MUFFLERS ALL ENGINES ARE EASY STARTING MUFFLERS ARE STANDARD ALL R/C ENGINES HAVE THROTTLES 03 R/C GE-4017 03 RC $3995 03 u/c 061 R/C-C FOR CARS AND BOATS GE-4011 03 A1 ZI $3495 061 R/C GE4013 061 RC 061 u/c 30 R/C TWIN SCHNUERLE PORTED $29500 Ia I 305 5 CYL R/C ISHIPPING $3OOCOD WITH 20% DEPOSIT CALIF IVISAORDERS -6%TAX R/C BROCHURE 60 US $170 FOREIGN STD DEALER & DISTRIBUTOR DISCOUNTS 13400-26 Saticoy Street North Hollywood Calif 91605 decrease learning would fighting its quick response Easy does now Also set up throws servos swashplate set up get about -in throw swashplate direction beginning setting may find need throw due slow servos Helicopter sluggish response JS Now back work Advance lift control throttle and/or collectiveuntil machine becomes skittish light-footed Typically Helicopter will drift control input important lift advancing input done slowly case significant drifttrimproblem unexpected lift-off drift noted remember direction immediately reduce lift important quickly since directional movement may cause machine become airborne due increased lift gained translational GLOW PLUGS NOT INCLUDED GLOW HEAD & PROP COME WITH 03S GE-4015 12- 2F $10995 movement occurs simply put may take off out trim break machine Correct errant trim axis time using adjust able connections servos Dont use transmitter trim tabs yet youll use later need good center point left/right fore/aft cyclic controls trim check out tail rotor yaw control same manner own initial setup tail rotor places pitch blades zero relative tail boom control transmitter full counterclockwise left flying nose setting clockwise rotation main rotor counterclock wise CCW M/R set pitch zero full right clockwise CW yaw control dynamic setting tail rotor ZAH have found slight CCW drift will later result good full lift setting Slight CW drift CCW M/RContinued page 126 June 1981 125 oroduct review product review Droduct review $3195 GE -4016 06 lRC-C $4295 GE -4019 30 2F $18995 122 R/C TWIN Packaged GloBee Plugs Twinn-K ternational inc PO Box 31228 Indianapolis IN 46231 ,..S. ....IS....flSS..........SSISSS,S AMMJ MAS ENTERPRISES 1979-1980SPECIALISTS IN MNATIONAL CHAMPION ___________________ adly HeadsRC HELICOPTERS MJ MAS ENTERPRISES now offering totally new service helicopter enthasiastl One-stop shopping R/C Helicopter needs regardless what voare flyingl discount prices also offering free set-op flying instractine poars asking bane bails flown analyzed esery malor brand Helicopter anail able Oar staff qoalified answer questions ranging front installing train log gear flying ship icoetted j Cusions-bailt Helicopters include goar choice Helicopter Eng. Radio Test Flown Litnited Basini NEW FROM WORLD ENGINES ZENITH 40 POWERED HELICOPTER 5 HOUR CONSTRUCTION List $23g95 SPECIAL Only $16995 Price Includes Extra Set Main Rotos Tail Rotor Blades M J MAS ENTERPHISES P0 Box 727 Miami FL 33197 Phone 305 255-0658 ME gQLT pROP yUS Quadra McCulloch Super Hustler Thin new prop bob will fit abovo engines ones 5/1 8-24 shaft Bolt plate serves drill jig tapped spinner bolt Only $1995ROUSH MFG Dealer ibotorP0 Box 251 Inquiries WelcomeSendyville Ohio 44671 3W TIMER KITS Full Partial Rita 4Ks Models--Full Kits--Gao Rubber 1940 Baby Buezard Bombshell 36 020$1395 1941 Lambs Climber 44 Spoas Rubber $1495 1939 Korda Wakefield 44 Rubber Cabin$1495 J & R Modela--Fsall Rita-- 020 Replica 1942 Brooldyn Dodger 32 Span $1295 1940 So Long 32 Span $1295 Tyro Modela--Full Kit--iSA TEXACO RIC 1939 Bay Ridge Mike 496 049f199 $2995 P 6 W Semi-Kila--Rib Tip For-inter Rita 1937 Dallaire Spor-tster-109 Span Plan Ext$2600 Companion Str-ipwaod Kit Oallair-e-$3000 1940 Sailplane Cosnet-79 Wing Plan Ext $4750 Companion Str-ipwood Kit Sailplane--$2636 [Plans Dallair-e$5 00 Sailplane Wing-$3 00] Midseay Model Co -Full arid Partial Kilo Rib Tip & Former Kits--Macnine Cut Par-ta 1926 Flying Quaker- 94 Cabin Plan IncI $2150 1937 Quaker Flash 67 Cabin Plan Inel$1750 1937 Long Cabin 79 Plan Extr-a$500$1590 Replica Old Timer-n020 Gas or- Electric 1940 Buzaurd Bombnhell 30 Span FF $1195 1940 Scientific Mercury 36 PP or- 1ChR/C $1395 1041 Request 30 Span PP$1295 Old Time K/C Spor-t--Futl Kits--2-3 Ch R/C 1938 Power-house 50 10-15 engines $3196 1939 Air Tr-ails Sportster- 19 10 15eng$3596 BOOKS ON OLD TIMER MODELS NEW--1034 Zauc Year Book$550 Anilque Old Timer- Model Air Cr-aft$1900 Air- Age Gas Models MAN Requints$395 FREE FLIGHT KITS Sport Scale Sparkey Comet 30 Span Old Time Rubber $440 lilaverick K/N 36 Span Coupe Rubber- $1346 Lacy 5110 Peck Peanut Scale $440 SaleIlite 459 4Ks 00 Span 15 36 eng $2595 FLECTRIC SYSTEMS AND KITS watro 95 System Wired $5991 [SPECIALnO $4796] Astro 55 System Wired $lI995tSPEClAL $0196] Astro Sport Kit For- 95 23 Ch K/C $2120 Quiet Revolution Book $lgl[SPECIALnO$500l Shipping Handling 50 Page CATALOGUE Up ro $000 add $150 $100 PP copy mill $001 $2600 add $225 sent fr-ne upon $2001 10 $6500 add $300 recfuest order-I $9591 $7090 add $300 a y or-n over $7000 add $900 PO Box 30911 CA Addressees add 6% Seal Beach Ca 90740 Sales Tax Send MO CR 719 OglI0223Best or- VisalMC #cEXPl mornings or- recarder-- COD-Esaco Chg.$tl9 Hdl activates 5 rings] 126 Model Aviation OVERSEAS DISTRIBUTORS 0.HD0URThRS SCHIUTER HELl 60 Size CALL FOR OUR LOW PRICES Sclslater Helicopter Pans Stock Including Pipes Fuselages Etc LOWEST PRICES ,SysEem iS would wise thing note record trim settings youve just developed will save time later repairs required Check before first flight day assure machine last time flew may notice little right cyclic required swashplate CW main rotor Helicopter offset necessary counteract left drift created T/R counters engine torque opposite trim required CCW Helicopter Finally trim settings ZAH will ballpark fly Level III JS OK youre trim ZAH ready flight trimming Helicopter have really reduced work fixed-wing air craft have fairly stable flight attitude neutralize control sticks Helicopter safety valve fixed-wing flying since attitude youve trimmed necessarily attitude always want will become evident later Levels II III IV flying will good friend Well now begin practice ZAH maneuver will essentially balancing bubble air downwash rotor blades compresses air between plane blades flying surface creating bubble under rotor plane compression result high pressure area created blades create lift Any change distance between rotor plane surface such tilting rotor plane through control movements quickly affects lift bubble hence feeling balancing ball ball two three feet above surface ground effect bubble reduced greatly control sensitivity relaxed Thus begin ning training under worst conditionson bubble conditions will sharpen reactions both deliberately induced importantly automatic ally done conditions also exist time land automatic reactions ones want train though work may seem boring time-consuming highly produc tive dont cheat Using paint masking tape put down triangle squares shown Figure 5 Begin ZAH did trimming now conscious ly try maintain position orientation machine inside 1-ft squares machine maintains its position square control input two things has occurred 1 youre prodigy have trimmed perfectly 2 youre cheating latter usually case likely cause really lifting majority weight bubble Helicopter will RAOlO PRSI INSTRUCTIONAL TAPES NOW AVAILABLE Building Trimming 0 Flying 0 Contest Flying Noolce Expert O Aatorotations setap/Praclice *AeLtbatics/lflvertedlliQlttJ AMERICAN R/C MANTIS NOW ONLY $11998 very very squirrely doing maneuver correctly should working hard maintain position important learn machines responses control inputs also teach respond changes position and/or attitude ideal reasonably safe time learn things move Helicopter around square maximize learning can maintain position orientation square minute bub ble ready move JS During ZAH maneuvers recommend remain 8-12 ft behind aircraft three reasons 1 It safer since will have some distance between Helicopter case blade other rotating part separates machine Level III use 3-ft hover avoid lining up rotor plane head 2 Since safer will relaxed can concentrate flying 3 You will have better perspective Helicopter its surroundings too close see copter area around orientation clues located iS next maneuver begin ZAH original square maintaining tail-in orien tation translate skid next square will require combination cyclic controls cause drifting ZAH moving around did single-square maneuver will now pay off move forward backwards sideways combination negotiate course use triangle makes work little harder rectangular course due use angular movements requiring combination inputs controls first translational movements should very slow rapid translation can upset stability increasing lift As fly course concen trate minimizing control inputs small adjustments will serve well Level III will repeat maneuvers air Believe well trimmed Helicopter quite stable small corrections needed also process building some auto-reactions aircraft anomalies building mental model reactions built two practice sessions keep practicing though may seem endless Finally word Level II Dont trust yourself measure results task defini tions specific enough allow accurate measurement skill advancement Use another person test against Level II criteria will better learning can move Level III can go around course three times direction pausing 30 seconds square ZAHand dont cheat hard serious work Level II now may later save Helicopter continued RC Scale/Wischers Continued page 41 Precision Scale static judging con testant supplies rule used three-view models measured steel tape seven model areas given grade 1 10 grade multiplied Kfactor AMA Scale grading done 1 25 no K-factor Judges examine model specific items fuselage metal-type aircraft should show panel lines depth painted older planes lines should represent joints overlap proper direction shed water down rearward later aircraft joints flush line should have scribed appearance Rivets should proper size location type quantity Fabric covering should reveal properly sized located structure underneath Prototype stringers longerons ordinarily narrow rounded come contact fabric dont have sharp corners Tapes cover wear points Ifdocu mentation photos show imperfections wrinkles should duplicated Most important length width cross section dimensions locations features must correct Fabric-covered wings need rib tapes stitch ing authenticity necessarily obtrusive Tape edges almost vanish wellfinished plane pinked tape edges may evident especially fiberglass tapes used good close-up photo will help Spars should visible through fabric oversize trailing edges will lower score Wingspan chord airfoil thickness dihedral angle dimensions locations ailerons flaps will checked closely bolts used wing attachment should recessed covered unless visible original Panel lines metal wings need overlapped direction airflow External pushrods model-type devises horns ailerons elevators used original will reason downgrading Increased tail surface area wing area especially tips will particular interest judges Modelers sometimes widen tips sharply tapered wings increase stability change easily detected thickened wing tips increased dihedral prototype tail surfaces have airfoil section models surfaces flat expect reduction score Aileron flap tail surface hinges should have centers proper location means some commer cial model hinges may usable Landing gear shape location height can spoil scale appearance incorrect char acteristic Focke WuIf FW-1 90 its long legs see models plane shortened legs ground stability easier retraction Judges looking fault will also check tires shape diameter thick ness tread pattern sidewall markings retractable gear should swing scale manner well covers function proper sequence Wheel wells should painted have some detailed interior structure visible planes rather cluttered hydraulic lines conduits well equipped tail wheel should swivel scale-like manner correct mounting difficult decisions Scale modeling find method cooling model engine yet have hidden tend prefer partially exposed engine better cooling longer life sacrifice scale appearance However modelers now successfully cooling completely hidden engine elabor ate ducting Shape cowl should faithfully duplicated ventilation openings proper size location louvers hinges latches portions visible dummy engine need accurately represented model engine ex haust best piped out true scale location Scale propellers covered April 81 column AMA contest cockpit graded Importance equal other areas receives K-factor 4 FAI because scarcity information older planes Seats controls interior finish require approximately same effort size instrument panels definitely easier larger models very likely judge will reach inside rule measure dimensions Most cockpit cabin judging done eyeball proportions various details another deter mining factor decisions about size location Radio equipment should well hidden raising cockpit cabin floor considered good way conceal servos Finish color markings judging category Sport Precision FAI Scale least agreement relative importance Sport Scale could amount 30% score also heavily weighted FAI Getting markings correct place properly sized merely mechanical problem accounts errors However finish color can extremely sticky problem rules state Profile publications accep table yet printed artists renditions June 1981 127

\ y V SEE TOLD YOU THESE EGG BEATERS ARENT DIFFICULT TO FLYJUST DIFFERENT comments advice John Simone Jr five level structured program learning fly RC Helicoptereach building other being progressively harder designed forteaching ones self instructor available Part 10 Tom Burdin _________________________ 30 Model Aviation N PRELUDE FLY Radio Control model Helicopter meits too difficult Well thought also except experience developing FLI fixed-wing aircraft told skill can learned systematic progressive learning program can developed As new flier RC Helicopters knew teach myself fly machine Note said teach myself develop program myself unskilled student program used learn fly Helicopter real meat whole article begin looked back basic principles FLI see still valid suggest have heard read FLI refer October 1979 issue Model Aviation read least prelude re examination basic principles yielded following observations Helicopters nave nearo oI LR ueIor ii key ingredient learning program young lady left picture making square flying surface ZAH practice Level II Note shes using masking tape asto deface property neck strap transmitter right picture recommended allow free use hands controls improves safety 1 Based upon graduated skill levels ol defined tasks clear definitions basic principle still heart progressive training program 2 Skill levels must progressively harder building last leading next No problem either except FLI depended upon instructor evaluate progress Helicopter program opinion essentially self-taught differential between skill levels needs finer allow easier transition between levels 3 Clear measurement students pro gress Once again no basic problem except FLI measurement values given instructor defineie judgment Helicopter values must self-measuring clearly defined 4 Clear definition final end point training FLI safe solo flight goal Helicopter flight solo beginning new goal statement needed After doing re-examination initial FLI concepts decided self-taught thing real issue instructor demonstrator maneuvers saviour errant flying machines instructor supplies little pieces information turn problem solution provides gems knowledge make flying lesson sparkle instructor mentor guide No can substitute good one-on-one interaction trying solve problem learn skill recognized club likely yours blessed abundance ofwhirlybird gurus What club say Exactly point can satisfy very basic needs instructor leaming process primarily self-taught cant hope supply instructor included magazine toll-free number chopper expert think can provide some insight subtleties learning process through mentor writing expert will John Simone Jr former US Champion well known flier manufacturer RC Helicopters John will com ment throughout program drawing experience base enhance basic program Johns advice will identified symbol JS beginning ending comments JS Ill interject first comment RC Helicopter sport has wandering too long finding way train its new devotees program fills void should encourage little hesitant give try Learning fly Radio Control model Helicopter hardits just different Its discipline orien tation between self machine between machine surroundings such fixed-wing flying Its different can learned effort JS Id like take quick look process involved learning fly Refer Figures 1 2 3 indicates comparison two items Fig 1 two items compared desired change Helicopters orientation visual image presently compare two pictures make decision put control change output machine response control input Stage process continues compare current machine position desired June 1981 31 John Simone Jr shown flying Mantis adviser training course Author aiscusses pros cons beginning collective-pitch machine vs fixed-pitch control stick co figurations gyros etc End goals program safe hover safe forward flight fliS IflS correct positioti Lu ucyin Jfl aiu other maneuvers Beforeyoubeginflying need know Helicopter inside Out position Thats beginner flies machineby experimenting observing results As begin learn task ability predict what needed move present machine position desired positon improves begin bypass decision-making comparison steps know what results want put control change achieve Fig 2 shows Stage II learning process by-pass word model build model flying characteristics machine brain use comparison decision steps less less Finally Fig 3 know what want make control change get No checkingyou know its mental model complete trust reality vacillate between Stages II III machine conditions experience changes three-part process learning valid FLI program uses graduated task development optimize building mental models As learn new task new part operating Stage mode old tasks Stage II III Hence learning optimized Lastly necessary constantly reinforce learned skill retention new material dies away unless reinforced practice FLI forces continuously re-use old material new task built previous tasks following remarks orginally scheduled Postlude since program long document appeared important share informaton early Id like share some experiences learning fly Helicopter comments around four different items 1 Single-stick versus two-stick transmitters 2 Gyros 3 Collective versus fixed-pitch Helicop ters 4 Selection control system Single-stick vs two-stick began fly RC Helicopters convinced singlestick natural way fly machines around sky After knob stick closely resembled three axes machine Fall 1979 progressed through Level III using single-stick transmitter winter came Ohio During winter paid visit confidant endeavor John Simone sunny Califor nia invited fly Revolution 40 Helicopters eager few words master readily accepted John flies two-stick left out cold sunny warm southern California discussion followed recollections quali fied Helicopter pilots convinced two-stick approach better appraoch two reasons 1 Its too easy twist single-stick yaw knob other control movements made introduces upsets system have fight during learning process result reduced progress learning 2 go out looking some one-onone instructional aid its far easier find twostick Helicopter pilot single-stick type Just because HELI-FLI designed selfinstruction no substitute instructor Get can snows cleared April dragged out vintage Rev 40 two-stick transmitter began again Level II easily transitioned using two-stick configuration also used Futaba J series later Revolution Com mander intention recommend over other lay out few pieces information make decision Gyros began learn fly things also installed gyro help control tail rotor worked properly controlled nicely few comments order since aspects its use positive Unless electronics wizard amount control depends upon electronic match between gyro servo result may vary delicate trim complete control cannot override gyro does help concentrate other three axes control later may restrict maneuvers wish use it recommended proficient remove gyro retrain yourself manage tail rotor manually gyro passive rate-of-change device waits Helicopter move yaw axis Fast moves get quick response whereas slow drifts may seen corrected due hysteretic losses gyro match servo system hysteresis can also cause system stabilize slow turn yaw axis rather zero turn desired gyro its feedback potentiometer device maintain can fail Also really ought carry some separate batteries gyro motor rather further drain receiver pack battery system works hard enough just keeping air gyro decision again yours removed beginning two-stick transition found machine properly trimmed no real degradation learning eventual retraining eliminated Collective vs fixed pitch matter choice Helicopters two basic control systems available todays marketplacefixed pitch collective pitch better description would fixed collective pitch variable collective pitch technical difference ability control pitch angle rotor blades flight fixed pitch system cannot results flight speak faster cyclic response positive feel control inputs plus essentially instant lift response rather delay seen fixed pitch machines fixed pitch system depends upon engine speed control lift takes time speed up slow down main rotor system decision must make choosing first Helicopter cost viewpoint fixed pitch machines much cheaper two other arguments should hear 1 Understanding Helicopter maintain32 Model Aviation COM PA RE DESIRED ITEM AOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGEDECISIONCHANGERESPONSE FIG ISTAGE Figures 1 2 3 graphic representations process involved learning fly Helicopter Stage 1 beginning flier constantly comparing desired change orientation Helicopters position making decision putting control change DESIREDOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGE ITEM ADECISIONCHANGERESPONSE VISUAL FEEDBACK FIG 2STAGE II Stage 2 learning process flier has built mental model Helicopters flying characteristics controls affect uses Stage 1 comparison less less FIG 3STAGE III flier reaches Stage Ill knows what wants Helicopter necessary control changes get fliers mental model complete trusts ing key ingredients successful learning process collective pitch model requires understanding Youre ready end HELI-FLIto flit about sky like hummingbird need machine Simplicity essence beauty keep simple simplify learning process 2 key successful Helicopter flying mental model predicting next needed input slower reponse fixed pitch design favor forces ahead machine will sharper pilot result experience recom mendation start fixed pitch Helicopter like Mantis Heli-Baby youve completed HELI-FLI move up collective models like Commander Heli-Boy have ball Control System has lot reading before get beast air Success Helicopter flying based sound preparation well determination final item list need address matter radio system selection technological revolution us day plain five-channel digital system disappearing fast new entry Radio Control Helicopter hobby old-timer making change pace need look future choice radio systems Yes can fly Helicopters fivechannel system let again relate experience began standard system installed four servos dutifully As built Com mander able secure Futaba J series systems installed new toy learned well old Rev 40 eager move Commander Futaba has manner knobs switches early flights Commander decided rough special features offered J series As became comfortable machine began experiment special added attractions First coupled tail rotor TR lift control such correct counter torque present static lift condition Static implies no change progress changes lift made tail rotor control required non-changing conditions Futaba has provided differential input yaw control give extra little kick required want large quick lift change dont watch yaw axis carefully great transition forward flight hover inevitable saves required doesnt everything does keep manageable Later installed fifth servo throttle may ask Well said authority horsepower engine increases proportion ally speed until top end speed range tails off bit collective pitch system operating top end engine torque curve time horsepower required increasing blade pitch speed just keeps climbing advance lift lever result can sagging engine need the horsepower needed exceeds available power plant Futaba helps problem allowing tailor response pitch change servo approximate engine say pitch will continue increase selectable point will increase slower rate continue increase lift lever result better engine/machine match manner other goodies available system boggie mind point Im going make concerns ability control system deal some routine problems confronting Helicopter pilot advance integrated circuits will seeing more advanced trans mitter systems market Futaba market following already systems can minimize lot housekeeping problems associated flying Helicopter giving time advance skill course should begin without understanding what may slow progress rather speed up As skill advances use electronics take over some drudgery let yourself go though wont use special features executing HELI-FLI buy system features advance collective pitch machine control system can advance Two final items Unlike airplane flies forward mode Helicopter flies forward hovers Therefore final goals HELI-FLI will two-fold 1 Safe hover 2 facturers instructions 3 The student will assemble flight-line kit include appropriate tools spares required repair aircraft field following anomalies a Broken main rotor M/R blades b Broken tail rotor T/R blades c Damaged flybar paddles d Missing nuts bolts fittings 4 Student will break new engine per manufacturers recommendations until reliable operation idle obtained 5 Student will balance track M/R blades manufacturers tolerances Discussion decision learn fly RC Helicopters has brought fascinat ing challenging demanding sector hobby/sport learning process will require great deal terms effort patience tenacity pain comes joy mastering beast like wild horse once tamed pleasure show off main differences between whirl ing-wing machine fixed-wing flying variety SPACE CROSSBARS I/2PVC WATERPIPE 450 ELBOW AS REQUIRED 3/4ALUM NUM U AeoijjI CUT 900 NOTCH IN SIDE BEND DOWN FIG 4 GLUE PIPE WITH PVC GLUE PLIOBOND OR EPOXY TRAINING LANDING GEAR wide-stance training gear shown well nigh essential performing ZAH Level Il narrow gear Helicopter will tend tip over instead scooting along ground Safe forward flight hover transition will develop other forward mode flight Lastly HELI-FLI like its prede cessor FLI will teach fly organized progressive program will allow learn fly honestly follow program key ingredient success self-discipline Enough philosophy Lets get HELl FLU HELI-FLI LEVEL 1 Task Description Measurement Criteria 1 The student will purchase commercially available Helicopter assemble per manufacturers instructions 2 The student will repeatedly disassemble completely rebuild machine manu facturers specifications until operation can done correctly reference-to manu necessity maintain its mechanical sound ness fixed-wing RC machine has its roaring power plant up front remove growl structure fairly straightforward construc tion balsa giass foam Its fairly rigid has airflow over its exterior Helicopter other hand construction metal wood and/or plastic bolted together congiomera tion gears belts linkages whirling ridiculous speeds Helicopter takes beating just hovering let alone flying around Hence ability maintain mechanics correct operating condition main differences between success failure engine quits youre training Futaba Trainer glide uneventful landing same thing happens youre learning fly Revolution Commander youll take home pile metal unless expert auto-rotation landingsand machine equipped first responsibility know Helicopter inside out mechanical ly keep up snuff cant learn fly June 1981 33 mechanical system keeps fighting Hence Level concerned mechanics machine Dont skip Level II Level may save flying machine lot money Lets start beginning choosing Helicopter sure look currently manu factured actively represented machines models sold hut some obsolete todays standards some no longer manufac tured some spare parts no longer available Also dont ever consider home-built design first machine Youre going have enough problems learning maintain fly let alone re-design go Along availability parts avail ability manufacturer and/or local repre sentative significant point have hot line talk factory could difference between success failure problem occurs Finally dont quickly try modify chopper per some local guru article written magazine changes well designed worthwhile increase reliability flying characteristics just pizzazzor items add particular flight characteristic may fact decrease its value trainer right now just beginning know too little making value judgments about relative merits modifications recommend contact manufacturer knowledgeable representative prior modifications keep up user mods can advise ones should consider machineif JS phone calls answer custo mers roughly 80% go correcting mistakes homebrewed wizards design todays commercially available Helicopter underwent significant testing before reaching market result best set compromises required give good product customers Its perfect everyone its good product make changes need fully understand flight characteristic design criteria aero dynamic design criteria make change knowing details can damage good Wait until youre expert flier before become expert Helicopter designer JS Once youve assembled new machine ability reassemble field may have significant effect learning curve Youre going break rotor blades bend flybars Its shame give up trip local flying site training time due broken rotor blades usually quick fix item should do-able field level maintenance its subsequent realignment Helicopter parallel changing propelleronly its lot precise self-discipline doing things precisely will decrease learning time since youre always fighting machine Take thing apart couple times put back together Concentrate really knowing part goes what its alignment relative rest machine Essentially should memorize assembly manual JS precision assembly procedure will enhanced supported consistent manner Always rebuild same manner no matter start assembly consistency will improve quality results hence repeatabil ity setups bottom line result solid base train machine will always same JS day-do-day maintenance needs done also Ive developed check list should accomplished before first flight day after last flight aid assuring existing setup airworthinessin addition identifying required repairs can also serve check-out after field repairs Speaking repairs ought assemble tools necessary field repairs plus spare parts linkages collars nuts bolts remind yourself take along time go fly cant use what dont have Before crank up engine try leap air need say few words about engine words areit must reliable fine engines market designed primarily fixed-wing crowd now seeing some early evidence unique Helicopter engines such 0 S Max 45 H large will have choose engines available utility use key item look whether 40 size 60 reliability Stick well known name strongly recommend use ball bearing eninge Schnuerle PDP porting engines cream crop opinion should hold good stead Dont take engine out box mount Helicopterexcluding construction rebuild practicebut break thoroughly cant afford sag seizure hover flying along 50 ft altitude JS Please dont try use ofyour favorite old engines wear patterns bearings cylinder parts different engine fixed-wing machine Helicopter old sport flier favorite may fail quickly chopper rightbuy new mill Dont plan autorotation saving machine neat thing learn learned skilldont count during training Other fuel filter also believe pumps regulators cant work well fuel tank location real problem typical chopper keep simple Youve got enough moving parts JS OK time crank up start things turning before doing really need play main rotor blades bit things typically turning 1800 rpm liftoff least bit out balance youve built lot vibration beast can cause things bend break faster supposed blades provided manu facturer high quality need checked balance after cover/paint Two basic checks required 1 overall weight 2 center gravity CG overall weight concept obvious center gravity check necessary assure weight appears same location blade simple balancemake yourself sufficient weight checks old razor blade balance great checking CG actual blade weight unimportant long both same Please dont use screws end blade balancing could fly out hurt someone use plastic trim tape heavy cloth stuff Use contrasting colors since helps tracking adjustments laterwhere need identify individual blade Speaking tracking adjustments needs done after blade set changenever change just bladeand rechecked time go out fly usually instructions included Helicopter kit to track blades necessity tracking derives stability vibration liftall contribute success JS Speaking CG its time check overall Helicopter CG also Just like fixed-wing varieties Helicopter has specific CG location should balance directly main Continued page 123 34 Model Aviation H 4 6 SQ TYPICAL/ 6 SI 8-12 c PILOT FIG 5TRAINING TRIANGLE layout ZAH training coursethree 1 -ft squaresarranged triangle Threeturns around course direction completes Most weight must lifted ZAH ailerons set -in up 3/16-in down Rudder should have throw can get hitting elevators project has given lot real enjoyment get excited time fly hope experience decide build same Have fun thats what its about Heli- Fli/Burdin Continued page 34 rotor shaft Adjust location batteries etc get location Dont change CG location accommodate flying conditions would fixed-wing aircraft Heli copter CG should always under main shaft flying conditions should adjusted trim JS couple comments before FbI 1 Your flying site should smooth asphalt grass training program Early ma neuvers require sliding across surface lift off dont want grass snagging skids struggle air 2 Choose flying site gives some peace work interruption interested bystanders cant concentrate people asking questions remember youre little dangerous training dont deserve audience yet dont want either 3 Most manufacturers have wide stance landing gear recommend training Revolution 40 assembly manual described simple set skids made out -in plastic water pipe Its cheap easily made strong fixture wide stance prevents tip-overs early days training turn saves rotor blades Helicopters OK airalmost Check List Pre-flight 1 Flight kit stocked spare parts tools 2 Radiocontrol range check 3 Radiofull battery charge 4 Correct weather flight 5 Main rotor tracking 6 Transmitter trim settings Post-flight 1 Check nuts bolts linkages 2 Main rotor coning angle lead/lag pitchas required 3 Tail rotor drive mechanism 4 Servo mounts condition 5 Fuel system 6 Bearing lubrication 7 All other alignments HELI-FLI LEVEL 2 maneuvers level accom plished calm air Task Descriptions Measurement Criteria 1 The student will trim cyclic yaw controls allow zero altitude hover ZAH transmitter trim levers neutral position 2 The student will able maintain position orientation ofthe Helicopter within al-ft square executing ZAH maneuver Position orientation will maintained tail-in period minute 3 The student will able maneuver Helicopter over triangular course 6-ft GUSMA io Controlled Hand Launched Gear Up Scale Model Aircraft June 1981 123 HENDERTOON SOUTHERNS SORGHUM & FLEXALL THE STANDARDPLASTICIZER CONTACTFOR ADHESIVEACRYLICS FORAND SHEETINGDOPES FOAM WINGS WILL NOTSTOPS ATTACKCRACKING STYRO F DAMAND CORESCHIPPING DAVE BROWN PRODUCTS 8534 HUDDLESTON -CINCINNATI OHIO 45236- AREA CODE 5131 791 0744 YOUR DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR Plane ShIrts 5725 complete history back ground colorful WWII airplanes applied sky blue shirts Breome BiTIoP-38 Ughmlng MU-I CoMrP-39 Airorobra F4F WIIdroIP-40 Whawk F6P HelIrolP47 Thedebolt F7F TigerrolP-SI Mortong FSP BoerrotP-hi Sleek WIdo, AT-h TeoenFroISO P-hE HewkMM Zero sense humor gags lot people Sky blue T-shirts printed two colors Pitts shirt white printed red black ,osoeh thi,gsgraety- Order MGOrder MN C SCMEUWJG SFEOALV OrdeePS l earth sorksinq.rnrna.k Fr Order SH Order SD Mens sizes Sm 32-36J Med 38-401 Lg 42-44J XL 461 order PP NameSend check money order plus SI P/HJ AddressFlightlifle Shirts EtcAdd 65% taX 12504 Saratoga AvenueSend StateZipSaratoga CA 95070for breeJwre SizeStyleDesignTotal SlAllow 4-6 weeks delivemyl 124 Modes Aviation side maintaining ZAHtail-in Heli copter will maintain stable position over corner square period one-half minute ZAH tail-in orientation maneuver must accomplished clockwise counterclock wise Three times around course direction completes maneuver Discussion suppose now sick tired operating screwdriver wrench learn machine inside out Believe effort will worthwhile during learning new flying skills would seem however time put machine air correct arealmost fixed-wing FLI program progressed simple straight-and-level flying demanding maneuverthe landing deal ing friend Helicopter act ofjust getting off ground demanding exercise theres no instructor get air give controls stable make first venture off ground successful venture need develop some new skill levels Now knew Id have sneak skill level concept discussion necessary development will take place using maneuver called zero altitude hover ZAH ZAH maneuver Helicopter lifting 98-99 percent its weight result similar way puck behaves air hockey games Helicopter will skid very little friction rides bubble air created rotor downwash mode flight can begin learn reactions Helicopter hover zero altitude ZAH JS Its appropriate time say few words about surface will practicing ZAH Since will skidding essential surface smooth free obstacles can snag skids wheeled undercarriage rotor plane essentially gyroscope input upsetting plane can result unwanted possibly disastrous movements Although grass softer landing spot case trouble ZAH cannot done other smooth surface nice blades grass can catch landing gear unwanted input Find nice lonely macadam parking lot street JS Before actually try perform ZAH need say few words about landing gear maneuver best performed wide stance training gear installed two reasons 1 narrow gear installed Helicopters machine will tend tip over rather scoot along ground due skids being too close center gravity cyclic control applied machine requires little force tip over since point contact ground close lift center tipping force reduced effectiveness Helicopter scoots direction called wider landing gear 2 moving skids outward have decreased machines sensitivity yaw upsets ie tail rotor pitch changes engine torque changes yaw relationships still reduced sensitivity due increase angular moment inertia around vertical axis through main rotor shaft result time think react plus less sensitive machine yaw axis Cyclic controls dampened little yaw pronounced axis affected Ive included design simple training landing gear end level Fig 4 based John Simones design beefed up bit own experience cost usually Nightline shirts have got coveredI g MltrhelI 6-29 Soperforlress less S 10 parts local hardware store may choose use can assure less success ZAH now hover maneuver later dont wider landing gear will remain through Level IV will waste time Its evenings work may save weeks learn ing time possible broken bird first step learning process trim machine stays close possible remaining spot begin lift off assure Helicopter set up perfectly per manufacturers specifications CG right spot Now rela tive setup strongly recommend set up controls fly nose means right yaw input transmitter gives corresponding right movement nose basic right turn clock wise movement regardless location nose right turn clockwise maneuver So beginning flying training can start associating actually being Helicopters pilot seat JS setting up engine mixture recommend set engine little bit rich side will cause smoother transi tion change power levels softer response will give appearance docile engine finely tuned engine would Having recently acquired manufac turing rights forthe popular GloBee plug Twinn-K now introduces 24-plug pack agelets say hive Since sure release whether intended dealer convenience guys eat plugs own fleet ships probably both well just tell 24-plug plastic package makes great plug caddie However since handy plug guide bottom case helps retailer consumer choose right plug suppose Ws basically just convenient attractive packaging GloBee plugs since introduction about six years ago enjoy high reputation perform ance under demanding racing conditions product review product review product review G -MARK ENGINES ~~NNON IRIC SYSTEMS ITHESE SUPERB NEW R/C AND U-CONTROL ENGINES ARE MANUFACTURED IN JAPAN BY LONG ESTABLISHED SUBSIDIARY OF CITIZENS WATCH COMPANY THEIR PRECISION WORK IS EVIDENT IN THE DE ISIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THESE ENGINES U-CONTROL UNITS PRODUCE THE HIGH RPMS EXPECTED FOR TOP PERFORMANCE THROTTLEEQUIPPED R/C ENGINES PROVIDE RELIABLE LOWSPEED IDLING SMOOTH SPEED TRANSITION IAND GOOD TOP END PERFORMANCE EVEN WITH MUFFLERS ALL ENGINES ARE EASY STARTING MUFFLERS ARE STANDARD ALL R/C ENGINES HAVE THROTTLES 03 R/C GE-4017 03 RC $3995 03 u/c 061 R/C-C FOR CARS AND BOATS GE-4011 03 A1 ZI $3495 061 R/C GE4013 061 RC 061 u/c 30 R/C TWIN SCHNUERLE PORTED $29500 Ia I 305 5 CYL R/C ISHIPPING $3OOCOD WITH 20% DEPOSIT CALIF IVISAORDERS -6%TAX R/C BROCHURE 60 US $170 FOREIGN STD DEALER & DISTRIBUTOR DISCOUNTS 13400-26 Saticoy Street North Hollywood Calif 91605 decrease learning would fighting its quick response Easy does now Also set up throws servos swashplate set up get about -in throw swashplate direction beginning setting may find need throw due slow servos Helicopter sluggish response JS Now back work Advance lift control throttle and/or collectiveuntil machine becomes skittish light-footed Typically Helicopter will drift control input important lift advancing input done slowly case significant drifttrimproblem unexpected lift-off drift noted remember direction immediately reduce lift important quickly since directional movement may cause machine become airborne due increased lift gained translational GLOW PLUGS NOT INCLUDED GLOW HEAD & PROP COME WITH 03S GE-4015 12- 2F $10995 movement occurs simply put may take off out trim break machine Correct errant trim axis time using adjust able connections servos Dont use transmitter trim tabs yet youll use later need good center point left/right fore/aft cyclic controls trim check out tail rotor yaw control same manner own initial setup tail rotor places pitch blades zero relative tail boom control transmitter full counterclockwise left flying nose setting clockwise rotation main rotor counterclock wise CCW M/R set pitch zero full right clockwise CW yaw control dynamic setting tail rotor ZAH have found slight CCW drift will later result good full lift setting Slight CW drift CCW M/RContinued page 126 June 1981 125 oroduct review product review Droduct review $3195 GE -4016 06 lRC-C $4295 GE -4019 30 2F $18995 122 R/C TWIN Packaged GloBee Plugs Twinn-K ternational inc PO Box 31228 Indianapolis IN 46231 ,..S. ....IS....flSS..........SSISSS,S AMMJ MAS ENTERPRISES 1979-1980SPECIALISTS IN MNATIONAL CHAMPION ___________________ adly HeadsRC HELICOPTERS MJ MAS ENTERPRISES now offering totally new service helicopter enthasiastl One-stop shopping R/C Helicopter needs regardless what voare flyingl discount prices also offering free set-op flying instractine poars asking bane bails flown analyzed esery malor brand Helicopter anail able Oar staff qoalified answer questions ranging front installing train log gear flying ship icoetted j Cusions-bailt Helicopters include goar choice Helicopter Eng. Radio Test Flown Litnited Basini NEW FROM WORLD ENGINES ZENITH 40 POWERED HELICOPTER 5 HOUR CONSTRUCTION List $23g95 SPECIAL Only $16995 Price Includes Extra Set Main Rotos Tail Rotor Blades M J MAS ENTERPHISES P0 Box 727 Miami FL 33197 Phone 305 255-0658 ME gQLT pROP yUS Quadra McCulloch Super Hustler Thin new prop bob will fit abovo engines ones 5/1 8-24 shaft Bolt plate serves drill jig tapped spinner bolt Only $1995ROUSH MFG Dealer ibotorP0 Box 251 Inquiries WelcomeSendyville Ohio 44671 3W TIMER KITS Full Partial Rita 4Ks Models--Full Kits--Gao Rubber 1940 Baby Buezard Bombshell 36 020$1395 1941 Lambs Climber 44 Spoas Rubber $1495 1939 Korda Wakefield 44 Rubber Cabin$1495 J & R Modela--Fsall Rita-- 020 Replica 1942 Brooldyn Dodger 32 Span $1295 1940 So Long 32 Span $1295 Tyro Modela--Full Kit--iSA TEXACO RIC 1939 Bay Ridge Mike 496 049f199 $2995 P 6 W Semi-Kila--Rib Tip For-inter Rita 1937 Dallaire Spor-tster-109 Span Plan Ext$2600 Companion Str-ipwaod Kit Oallair-e-$3000 1940 Sailplane Cosnet-79 Wing Plan Ext $4750 Companion Str-ipwood Kit Sailplane--$2636 [Plans Dallair-e$5 00 Sailplane Wing-$3 00] Midseay Model Co -Full arid Partial Kilo Rib Tip & Former Kits--Macnine Cut Par-ta 1926 Flying Quaker- 94 Cabin Plan IncI $2150 1937 Quaker Flash 67 Cabin Plan Inel$1750 1937 Long Cabin 79 Plan Extr-a$500$1590 Replica Old Timer-n020 Gas or- Electric 1940 Buzaurd Bombnhell 30 Span FF $1195 1940 Scientific Mercury 36 PP or- 1ChR/C $1395 1041 Request 30 Span PP$1295 Old Time K/C Spor-t--Futl Kits--2-3 Ch R/C 1938 Power-house 50 10-15 engines $3196 1939 Air Tr-ails Sportster- 19 10 15eng$3596 BOOKS ON OLD TIMER MODELS NEW--1034 Zauc Year Book$550 Anilque Old Timer- Model Air Cr-aft$1900 Air- Age Gas Models MAN Requints$395 FREE FLIGHT KITS Sport Scale Sparkey Comet 30 Span Old Time Rubber $440 lilaverick K/N 36 Span Coupe Rubber- $1346 Lacy 5110 Peck Peanut Scale $440 SaleIlite 459 4Ks 00 Span 15 36 eng $2595 FLECTRIC SYSTEMS AND KITS watro 95 System Wired $5991 [SPECIALnO $4796] Astro 55 System Wired $lI995tSPEClAL $0196] Astro Sport Kit For- 95 23 Ch K/C $2120 Quiet Revolution Book $lgl[SPECIALnO$500l Shipping Handling 50 Page CATALOGUE Up ro $000 add $150 $100 PP copy mill $001 $2600 add $225 sent fr-ne upon $2001 10 $6500 add $300 recfuest order-I $9591 $7090 add $300 a y or-n over $7000 add $900 PO Box 30911 CA Addressees add 6% Seal Beach Ca 90740 Sales Tax Send MO CR 719 OglI0223Best or- VisalMC #cEXPl mornings or- recarder-- COD-Esaco Chg.$tl9 Hdl activates 5 rings] 126 Model Aviation OVERSEAS DISTRIBUTORS 0.HD0URThRS SCHIUTER HELl 60 Size CALL FOR OUR LOW PRICES Sclslater Helicopter Pans Stock Including Pipes Fuselages Etc LOWEST PRICES ,SysEem iS would wise thing note record trim settings youve just developed will save time later repairs required Check before first flight day assure machine last time flew may notice little right cyclic required swashplate CW main rotor Helicopter offset necessary counteract left drift created T/R counters engine torque opposite trim required CCW Helicopter Finally trim settings ZAH will ballpark fly Level III JS OK youre trim ZAH ready flight trimming Helicopter have really reduced work fixed-wing air craft have fairly stable flight attitude neutralize control sticks Helicopter safety valve fixed-wing flying since attitude youve trimmed necessarily attitude always want will become evident later Levels II III IV flying will good friend Well now begin practice ZAH maneuver will essentially balancing bubble air downwash rotor blades compresses air between plane blades flying surface creating bubble under rotor plane compression result high pressure area created blades create lift Any change distance between rotor plane surface such tilting rotor plane through control movements quickly affects lift bubble hence feeling balancing ball ball two three feet above surface ground effect bubble reduced greatly control sensitivity relaxed Thus begin ning training under worst conditionson bubble conditions will sharpen reactions both deliberately induced importantly automatic ally done conditions also exist time land automatic reactions ones want train though work may seem boring time-consuming highly produc tive dont cheat Using paint masking tape put down triangle squares shown Figure 5 Begin ZAH did trimming now conscious ly try maintain position orientation machine inside 1-ft squares machine maintains its position square control input two things has occurred 1 youre prodigy have trimmed perfectly 2 youre cheating latter usually case likely cause really lifting majority weight bubble Helicopter will RAOlO PRSI INSTRUCTIONAL TAPES NOW AVAILABLE Building Trimming 0 Flying 0 Contest Flying Noolce Expert O Aatorotations setap/Praclice *AeLtbatics/lflvertedlliQlttJ AMERICAN R/C MANTIS NOW ONLY $11998 very very squirrely doing maneuver correctly should working hard maintain position important learn machines responses control inputs also teach respond changes position and/or attitude ideal reasonably safe time learn things move Helicopter around square maximize learning can maintain position orientation square minute bub ble ready move JS During ZAH maneuvers recommend remain 8-12 ft behind aircraft three reasons 1 It safer since will have some distance between Helicopter case blade other rotating part separates machine Level III use 3-ft hover avoid lining up rotor plane head 2 Since safer will relaxed can concentrate flying 3 You will have better perspective Helicopter its surroundings too close see copter area around orientation clues located iS next maneuver begin ZAH original square maintaining tail-in orien tation translate skid next square will require combination cyclic controls cause drifting ZAH moving around did single-square maneuver will now pay off move forward backwards sideways combination negotiate course use triangle makes work little harder rectangular course due use angular movements requiring combination inputs controls first translational movements should very slow rapid translation can upset stability increasing lift As fly course concen trate minimizing control inputs small adjustments will serve well Level III will repeat maneuvers air Believe well trimmed Helicopter quite stable small corrections needed also process building some auto-reactions aircraft anomalies building mental model reactions built two practice sessions keep practicing though may seem endless Finally word Level II Dont trust yourself measure results task defini tions specific enough allow accurate measurement skill advancement Use another person test against Level II criteria will better learning can move Level III can go around course three times direction pausing 30 seconds square ZAHand dont cheat hard serious work Level II now may later save Helicopter continued RC Scale/Wischers Continued page 41 Precision Scale static judging con testant supplies rule used three-view models measured steel tape seven model areas given grade 1 10 grade multiplied Kfactor AMA Scale grading done 1 25 no K-factor Judges examine model specific items fuselage metal-type aircraft should show panel lines depth painted older planes lines should represent joints overlap proper direction shed water down rearward later aircraft joints flush line should have scribed appearance Rivets should proper size location type quantity Fabric covering should reveal properly sized located structure underneath Prototype stringers longerons ordinarily narrow rounded come contact fabric dont have sharp corners Tapes cover wear points Ifdocu mentation photos show imperfections wrinkles should duplicated Most important length width cross section dimensions locations features must correct Fabric-covered wings need rib tapes stitch ing authenticity necessarily obtrusive Tape edges almost vanish wellfinished plane pinked tape edges may evident especially fiberglass tapes used good close-up photo will help Spars should visible through fabric oversize trailing edges will lower score Wingspan chord airfoil thickness dihedral angle dimensions locations ailerons flaps will checked closely bolts used wing attachment should recessed covered unless visible original Panel lines metal wings need overlapped direction airflow External pushrods model-type devises horns ailerons elevators used original will reason downgrading Increased tail surface area wing area especially tips will particular interest judges Modelers sometimes widen tips sharply tapered wings increase stability change easily detected thickened wing tips increased dihedral prototype tail surfaces have airfoil section models surfaces flat expect reduction score Aileron flap tail surface hinges should have centers proper location means some commer cial model hinges may usable Landing gear shape location height can spoil scale appearance incorrect char acteristic Focke WuIf FW-1 90 its long legs see models plane shortened legs ground stability easier retraction Judges looking fault will also check tires shape diameter thick ness tread pattern sidewall markings retractable gear should swing scale manner well covers function proper sequence Wheel wells should painted have some detailed interior structure visible planes rather cluttered hydraulic lines conduits well equipped tail wheel should swivel scale-like manner correct mounting difficult decisions Scale modeling find method cooling model engine yet have hidden tend prefer partially exposed engine better cooling longer life sacrifice scale appearance However modelers now successfully cooling completely hidden engine elabor ate ducting Shape cowl should faithfully duplicated ventilation openings proper size location louvers hinges latches portions visible dummy engine need accurately represented model engine ex haust best piped out true scale location Scale propellers covered April 81 column AMA contest cockpit graded Importance equal other areas receives K-factor 4 FAI because scarcity information older planes Seats controls interior finish require approximately same effort size instrument panels definitely easier larger models very likely judge will reach inside rule measure dimensions Most cockpit cabin judging done eyeball proportions various details another deter mining factor decisions about size location Radio equipment should well hidden raising cockpit cabin floor considered good way conceal servos Finish color markings judging category Sport Precision FAI Scale least agreement relative importance Sport Scale could amount 30% score also heavily weighted FAI Getting markings correct place properly sized merely mechanical problem accounts errors However finish color can extremely sticky problem rules state Profile publications accep table yet printed artists renditions June 1981 127

\ y V SEE TOLD YOU THESE EGG BEATERS ARENT DIFFICULT TO FLYJUST DIFFERENT comments advice John Simone Jr five level structured program learning fly RC Helicoptereach building other being progressively harder designed forteaching ones self instructor available Part 10 Tom Burdin _________________________ 30 Model Aviation N PRELUDE FLY Radio Control model Helicopter meits too difficult Well thought also except experience developing FLI fixed-wing aircraft told skill can learned systematic progressive learning program can developed As new flier RC Helicopters knew teach myself fly machine Note said teach myself develop program myself unskilled student program used learn fly Helicopter real meat whole article begin looked back basic principles FLI see still valid suggest have heard read FLI refer October 1979 issue Model Aviation read least prelude re examination basic principles yielded following observations Helicopters nave nearo oI LR ueIor ii key ingredient learning program young lady left picture making square flying surface ZAH practice Level II Note shes using masking tape asto deface property neck strap transmitter right picture recommended allow free use hands controls improves safety 1 Based upon graduated skill levels ol defined tasks clear definitions basic principle still heart progressive training program 2 Skill levels must progressively harder building last leading next No problem either except FLI depended upon instructor evaluate progress Helicopter program opinion essentially self-taught differential between skill levels needs finer allow easier transition between levels 3 Clear measurement students pro gress Once again no basic problem except FLI measurement values given instructor defineie judgment Helicopter values must self-measuring clearly defined 4 Clear definition final end point training FLI safe solo flight goal Helicopter flight solo beginning new goal statement needed After doing re-examination initial FLI concepts decided self-taught thing real issue instructor demonstrator maneuvers saviour errant flying machines instructor supplies little pieces information turn problem solution provides gems knowledge make flying lesson sparkle instructor mentor guide No can substitute good one-on-one interaction trying solve problem learn skill recognized club likely yours blessed abundance ofwhirlybird gurus What club say Exactly point can satisfy very basic needs instructor leaming process primarily self-taught cant hope supply instructor included magazine toll-free number chopper expert think can provide some insight subtleties learning process through mentor writing expert will John Simone Jr former US Champion well known flier manufacturer RC Helicopters John will com ment throughout program drawing experience base enhance basic program Johns advice will identified symbol JS beginning ending comments JS Ill interject first comment RC Helicopter sport has wandering too long finding way train its new devotees program fills void should encourage little hesitant give try Learning fly Radio Control model Helicopter hardits just different Its discipline orien tation between self machine between machine surroundings such fixed-wing flying Its different can learned effort JS Id like take quick look process involved learning fly Refer Figures 1 2 3 indicates comparison two items Fig 1 two items compared desired change Helicopters orientation visual image presently compare two pictures make decision put control change output machine response control input Stage process continues compare current machine position desired June 1981 31 John Simone Jr shown flying Mantis adviser training course Author aiscusses pros cons beginning collective-pitch machine vs fixed-pitch control stick co figurations gyros etc End goals program safe hover safe forward flight fliS IflS correct positioti Lu ucyin Jfl aiu other maneuvers Beforeyoubeginflying need know Helicopter inside Out position Thats beginner flies machineby experimenting observing results As begin learn task ability predict what needed move present machine position desired positon improves begin bypass decision-making comparison steps know what results want put control change achieve Fig 2 shows Stage II learning process by-pass word model build model flying characteristics machine brain use comparison decision steps less less Finally Fig 3 know what want make control change get No checkingyou know its mental model complete trust reality vacillate between Stages II III machine conditions experience changes three-part process learning valid FLI program uses graduated task development optimize building mental models As learn new task new part operating Stage mode old tasks Stage II III Hence learning optimized Lastly necessary constantly reinforce learned skill retention new material dies away unless reinforced practice FLI forces continuously re-use old material new task built previous tasks following remarks orginally scheduled Postlude since program long document appeared important share informaton early Id like share some experiences learning fly Helicopter comments around four different items 1 Single-stick versus two-stick transmitters 2 Gyros 3 Collective versus fixed-pitch Helicop ters 4 Selection control system Single-stick vs two-stick began fly RC Helicopters convinced singlestick natural way fly machines around sky After knob stick closely resembled three axes machine Fall 1979 progressed through Level III using single-stick transmitter winter came Ohio During winter paid visit confidant endeavor John Simone sunny Califor nia invited fly Revolution 40 Helicopters eager few words master readily accepted John flies two-stick left out cold sunny warm southern California discussion followed recollections quali fied Helicopter pilots convinced two-stick approach better appraoch two reasons 1 Its too easy twist single-stick yaw knob other control movements made introduces upsets system have fight during learning process result reduced progress learning 2 go out looking some one-onone instructional aid its far easier find twostick Helicopter pilot single-stick type Just because HELI-FLI designed selfinstruction no substitute instructor Get can snows cleared April dragged out vintage Rev 40 two-stick transmitter began again Level II easily transitioned using two-stick configuration also used Futaba J series later Revolution Com mander intention recommend over other lay out few pieces information make decision Gyros began learn fly things also installed gyro help control tail rotor worked properly controlled nicely few comments order since aspects its use positive Unless electronics wizard amount control depends upon electronic match between gyro servo result may vary delicate trim complete control cannot override gyro does help concentrate other three axes control later may restrict maneuvers wish use it recommended proficient remove gyro retrain yourself manage tail rotor manually gyro passive rate-of-change device waits Helicopter move yaw axis Fast moves get quick response whereas slow drifts may seen corrected due hysteretic losses gyro match servo system hysteresis can also cause system stabilize slow turn yaw axis rather zero turn desired gyro its feedback potentiometer device maintain can fail Also really ought carry some separate batteries gyro motor rather further drain receiver pack battery system works hard enough just keeping air gyro decision again yours removed beginning two-stick transition found machine properly trimmed no real degradation learning eventual retraining eliminated Collective vs fixed pitch matter choice Helicopters two basic control systems available todays marketplacefixed pitch collective pitch better description would fixed collective pitch variable collective pitch technical difference ability control pitch angle rotor blades flight fixed pitch system cannot results flight speak faster cyclic response positive feel control inputs plus essentially instant lift response rather delay seen fixed pitch machines fixed pitch system depends upon engine speed control lift takes time speed up slow down main rotor system decision must make choosing first Helicopter cost viewpoint fixed pitch machines much cheaper two other arguments should hear 1 Understanding Helicopter maintain32 Model Aviation COM PA RE DESIRED ITEM AOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGEDECISIONCHANGERESPONSE FIG ISTAGE Figures 1 2 3 graphic representations process involved learning fly Helicopter Stage 1 beginning flier constantly comparing desired change orientation Helicopters position making decision putting control change DESIREDOPERATOCONTROMACHINE CHANGE ITEM ADECISIONCHANGERESPONSE VISUAL FEEDBACK FIG 2STAGE II Stage 2 learning process flier has built mental model Helicopters flying characteristics controls affect uses Stage 1 comparison less less FIG 3STAGE III flier reaches Stage Ill knows what wants Helicopter necessary control changes get fliers mental model complete trusts ing key ingredients successful learning process collective pitch model requires understanding Youre ready end HELI-FLIto flit about sky like hummingbird need machine Simplicity essence beauty keep simple simplify learning process 2 key successful Helicopter flying mental model predicting next needed input slower reponse fixed pitch design favor forces ahead machine will sharper pilot result experience recom mendation start fixed pitch Helicopter like Mantis Heli-Baby youve completed HELI-FLI move up collective models like Commander Heli-Boy have ball Control System has lot reading before get beast air Success Helicopter flying based sound preparation well determination final item list need address matter radio system selection technological revolution us day plain five-channel digital system disappearing fast new entry Radio Control Helicopter hobby old-timer making change pace need look future choice radio systems Yes can fly Helicopters fivechannel system let again relate experience began standard system installed four servos dutifully As built Com mander able secure Futaba J series systems installed new toy learned well old Rev 40 eager move Commander Futaba has manner knobs switches early flights Commander decided rough special features offered J series As became comfortable machine began experiment special added attractions First coupled tail rotor TR lift control such correct counter torque present static lift condition Static implies no change progress changes lift made tail rotor control required non-changing conditions Futaba has provided differential input yaw control give extra little kick required want large quick lift change dont watch yaw axis carefully great transition forward flight hover inevitable saves required doesnt everything does keep manageable Later installed fifth servo throttle may ask Well said authority horsepower engine increases proportion ally speed until top end speed range tails off bit collective pitch system operating top end engine torque curve time horsepower required increasing blade pitch speed just keeps climbing advance lift lever result can sagging engine need the horsepower needed exceeds available power plant Futaba helps problem allowing tailor response pitch change servo approximate engine say pitch will continue increase selectable point will increase slower rate continue increase lift lever result better engine/machine match manner other goodies available system boggie mind point Im going make concerns ability control system deal some routine problems confronting Helicopter pilot advance integrated circuits will seeing more advanced trans mitter systems market Futaba market following already systems can minimize lot housekeeping problems associated flying Helicopter giving time advance skill course should begin without understanding what may slow progress rather speed up As skill advances use electronics take over some drudgery let yourself go though wont use special features executing HELI-FLI buy system features advance collective pitch machine control system can advance Two final items Unlike airplane flies forward mode Helicopter flies forward hovers Therefore final goals HELI-FLI will two-fold 1 Safe hover 2 facturers instructions 3 The student will assemble flight-line kit include appropriate tools spares required repair aircraft field following anomalies a Broken main rotor M/R blades b Broken tail rotor T/R blades c Damaged flybar paddles d Missing nuts bolts fittings 4 Student will break new engine per manufacturers recommendations until reliable operation idle obtained 5 Student will balance track M/R blades manufacturers tolerances Discussion decision learn fly RC Helicopters has brought fascinat ing challenging demanding sector hobby/sport learning process will require great deal terms effort patience tenacity pain comes joy mastering beast like wild horse once tamed pleasure show off main differences between whirl ing-wing machine fixed-wing flying variety SPACE CROSSBARS I/2PVC WATERPIPE 450 ELBOW AS REQUIRED 3/4ALUM NUM U AeoijjI CUT 900 NOTCH IN SIDE BEND DOWN FIG 4 GLUE PIPE WITH PVC GLUE PLIOBOND OR EPOXY TRAINING LANDING GEAR wide-stance training gear shown well nigh essential performing ZAH Level Il narrow gear Helicopter will tend tip over instead scooting along ground Safe forward flight hover transition will develop other forward mode flight Lastly HELI-FLI like its prede cessor FLI will teach fly organized progressive program will allow learn fly honestly follow program key ingredient success self-discipline Enough philosophy Lets get HELl FLU HELI-FLI LEVEL 1 Task Description Measurement Criteria 1 The student will purchase commercially available Helicopter assemble per manufacturers instructions 2 The student will repeatedly disassemble completely rebuild machine manu facturers specifications until operation can done correctly reference-to manu necessity maintain its mechanical sound ness fixed-wing RC machine has its roaring power plant up front remove growl structure fairly straightforward construc tion balsa giass foam Its fairly rigid has airflow over its exterior Helicopter other hand construction metal wood and/or plastic bolted together congiomera tion gears belts linkages whirling ridiculous speeds Helicopter takes beating just hovering let alone flying around Hence ability maintain mechanics correct operating condition main differences between success failure engine quits youre training Futaba Trainer glide uneventful landing same thing happens youre learning fly Revolution Commander youll take home pile metal unless expert auto-rotation landingsand machine equipped first responsibility know Helicopter inside out mechanical ly keep up snuff cant learn fly June 1981 33 mechanical system keeps fighting Hence Level concerned mechanics machine Dont skip Level II Level may save flying machine lot money Lets start beginning choosing Helicopter sure look currently manu factured actively represented machines models sold hut some obsolete todays standards some no longer manufac tured some spare parts no longer available Also dont ever consider home-built design first machine Youre going have enough problems learning maintain fly let alone re-design go Along availability parts avail ability manufacturer and/or local repre sentative significant point have hot line talk factory could difference between success failure problem occurs Finally dont quickly try modify chopper per some local guru article written magazine changes well designed worthwhile increase reliability flying characteristics just pizzazzor items add particular flight characteristic may fact decrease its value trainer right now just beginning know too little making value judgments about relative merits modifications recommend contact manufacturer knowledgeable representative prior modifications keep up user mods can advise ones should consider machineif JS phone calls answer custo mers roughly 80% go correcting mistakes homebrewed wizards design todays commercially available Helicopter underwent significant testing before reaching market result best set compromises required give good product customers Its perfect everyone its good product make changes need fully understand flight characteristic design criteria aero dynamic design criteria make change knowing details can damage good Wait until youre expert flier before become expert Helicopter designer JS Once youve assembled new machine ability reassemble field may have significant effect learning curve Youre going break rotor blades bend flybars Its shame give up trip local flying site training time due broken rotor blades usually quick fix item should do-able field level maintenance its subsequent realignment Helicopter parallel changing propelleronly its lot precise self-discipline doing things precisely will decrease learning time since youre always fighting machine Take thing apart couple times put back together Concentrate really knowing part goes what its alignment relative rest machine Essentially should memorize assembly manual JS precision assembly procedure will enhanced supported consistent manner Always rebuild same manner no matter start assembly consistency will improve quality results hence repeatabil ity setups bottom line result solid base train machine will always same JS day-do-day maintenance needs done also Ive developed check list should accomplished before first flight day after last flight aid assuring existing setup airworthinessin addition identifying required repairs can also serve check-out after field repairs Speaking repairs ought assemble tools necessary field repairs plus spare parts linkages collars nuts bolts remind yourself take along time go fly cant use what dont have Before crank up engine try leap air need say few words about engine words areit must reliable fine engines market designed primarily fixed-wing crowd now seeing some early evidence unique Helicopter engines such 0 S Max 45 H large will have choose engines available utility use key item look whether 40 size 60 reliability Stick well known name strongly recommend use ball bearing eninge Schnuerle PDP porting engines cream crop opinion should hold good stead Dont take engine out box mount Helicopterexcluding construction rebuild practicebut break thoroughly cant afford sag seizure hover flying along 50 ft altitude JS Please dont try use ofyour favorite old engines wear patterns bearings cylinder parts different engine fixed-wing machine Helicopter old sport flier favorite may fail quickly chopper rightbuy new mill Dont plan autorotation saving machine neat thing learn learned skilldont count during training Other fuel filter also believe pumps regulators cant work well fuel tank location real problem typical chopper keep simple Youve got enough moving parts JS OK time crank up start things turning before doing really need play main rotor blades bit things typically turning 1800 rpm liftoff least bit out balance youve built lot vibration beast can cause things bend break faster supposed blades provided manu facturer high quality need checked balance after cover/paint Two basic checks required 1 overall weight 2 center gravity CG overall weight concept obvious center gravity check necessary assure weight appears same location blade simple balancemake yourself sufficient weight checks old razor blade balance great checking CG actual blade weight unimportant long both same Please dont use screws end blade balancing could fly out hurt someone use plastic trim tape heavy cloth stuff Use contrasting colors since helps tracking adjustments laterwhere need identify individual blade Speaking tracking adjustments needs done after blade set changenever change just bladeand rechecked time go out fly usually instructions included Helicopter kit to track blades necessity tracking derives stability vibration liftall contribute success JS Speaking CG its time check overall Helicopter CG also Just like fixed-wing varieties Helicopter has specific CG location should balance directly main Continued page 123 34 Model Aviation H 4 6 SQ TYPICAL/ 6 SI 8-12 c PILOT FIG 5TRAINING TRIANGLE layout ZAH training coursethree 1 -ft squaresarranged triangle Threeturns around course direction completes Most weight must lifted ZAH ailerons set -in up 3/16-in down Rudder should have throw can get hitting elevators project has given lot real enjoyment get excited time fly hope experience decide build same Have fun thats what its about Heli- Fli/Burdin Continued page 34 rotor shaft Adjust location batteries etc get location Dont change CG location accommodate flying conditions would fixed-wing aircraft Heli copter CG should always under main shaft flying conditions should adjusted trim JS couple comments before FbI 1 Your flying site should smooth asphalt grass training program Early ma neuvers require sliding across surface lift off dont want grass snagging skids struggle air 2 Choose flying site gives some peace work interruption interested bystanders cant concentrate people asking questions remember youre little dangerous training dont deserve audience yet dont want either 3 Most manufacturers have wide stance landing gear recommend training Revolution 40 assembly manual described simple set skids made out -in plastic water pipe Its cheap easily made strong fixture wide stance prevents tip-overs early days training turn saves rotor blades Helicopters OK airalmost Check List Pre-flight 1 Flight kit stocked spare parts tools 2 Radiocontrol range check 3 Radiofull battery charge 4 Correct weather flight 5 Main rotor tracking 6 Transmitter trim settings Post-flight 1 Check nuts bolts linkages 2 Main rotor coning angle lead/lag pitchas required 3 Tail rotor drive mechanism 4 Servo mounts condition 5 Fuel system 6 Bearing lubrication 7 All other alignments HELI-FLI LEVEL 2 maneuvers level accom plished calm air Task Descriptions Measurement Criteria 1 The student will trim cyclic yaw controls allow zero altitude hover ZAH transmitter trim levers neutral position 2 The student will able maintain position orientation ofthe Helicopter within al-ft square executing ZAH maneuver Position orientation will maintained tail-in period minute 3 The student will able maneuver Helicopter over triangular course 6-ft GUSMA io Controlled Hand Launched Gear Up Scale Model Aircraft June 1981 123 HENDERTOON SOUTHERNS SORGHUM & FLEXALL THE STANDARDPLASTICIZER CONTACTFOR ADHESIVEACRYLICS FORAND SHEETINGDOPES FOAM WINGS WILL NOTSTOPS ATTACKCRACKING STYRO F DAMAND CORESCHIPPING DAVE BROWN PRODUCTS 8534 HUDDLESTON -CINCINNATI OHIO 45236- AREA CODE 5131 791 0744 YOUR DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR Plane ShIrts 5725 complete history back ground colorful WWII airplanes applied sky blue shirts Breome BiTIoP-38 Ughmlng MU-I CoMrP-39 Airorobra F4F WIIdroIP-40 Whawk F6P HelIrolP47 Thedebolt F7F TigerrolP-SI Mortong FSP BoerrotP-hi Sleek WIdo, AT-h TeoenFroISO P-hE HewkMM Zero sense humor gags lot people Sky blue T-shirts printed two colors Pitts shirt white printed red black ,osoeh thi,gsgraety- Order MGOrder MN C SCMEUWJG SFEOALV OrdeePS l earth sorksinq.rnrna.k Fr Order SH Order SD Mens sizes Sm 32-36J Med 38-401 Lg 42-44J XL 461 order PP NameSend check money order plus SI P/HJ AddressFlightlifle Shirts EtcAdd 65% taX 12504 Saratoga AvenueSend StateZipSaratoga CA 95070for breeJwre SizeStyleDesignTotal SlAllow 4-6 weeks delivemyl 124 Modes Aviation side maintaining ZAHtail-in Heli copter will maintain stable position over corner square period one-half minute ZAH tail-in orientation maneuver must accomplished clockwise counterclock wise Three times around course direction completes maneuver Discussion suppose now sick tired operating screwdriver wrench learn machine inside out Believe effort will worthwhile during learning new flying skills would seem however time put machine air correct arealmost fixed-wing FLI program progressed simple straight-and-level flying demanding maneuverthe landing deal ing friend Helicopter act ofjust getting off ground demanding exercise theres no instructor get air give controls stable make first venture off ground successful venture need develop some new skill levels Now knew Id have sneak skill level concept discussion necessary development will take place using maneuver called zero altitude hover ZAH ZAH maneuver Helicopter lifting 98-99 percent its weight result similar way puck behaves air hockey games Helicopter will skid very little friction rides bubble air created rotor downwash mode flight can begin learn reactions Helicopter hover zero altitude ZAH JS Its appropriate time say few words about surface will practicing ZAH Since will skidding essential surface smooth free obstacles can snag skids wheeled undercarriage rotor plane essentially gyroscope input upsetting plane can result unwanted possibly disastrous movements Although grass softer landing spot case trouble ZAH cannot done other smooth surface nice blades grass can catch landing gear unwanted input Find nice lonely macadam parking lot street JS Before actually try perform ZAH need say few words about landing gear maneuver best performed wide stance training gear installed two reasons 1 narrow gear installed Helicopters machine will tend tip over rather scoot along ground due skids being too close center gravity cyclic control applied machine requires little force tip over since point contact ground close lift center tipping force reduced effectiveness Helicopter scoots direction called wider landing gear 2 moving skids outward have decreased machines sensitivity yaw upsets ie tail rotor pitch changes engine torque changes yaw relationships still reduced sensitivity due increase angular moment inertia around vertical axis through main rotor shaft result time think react plus less sensitive machine yaw axis Cyclic controls dampened little yaw pronounced axis affected Ive included design simple training landing gear end level Fig 4 based John Simones design beefed up bit own experience cost usually Nightline shirts have got coveredI g MltrhelI 6-29 Soperforlress less S 10 parts local hardware store may choose use can assure less success ZAH now hover maneuver later dont wider landing gear will remain through Level IV will waste time Its evenings work may save weeks learn ing time possible broken bird first step learning process trim machine stays close possible remaining spot begin lift off assure Helicopter set up perfectly per manufacturers specifications CG right spot Now rela tive setup strongly recommend set up controls fly nose means right yaw input transmitter gives corresponding right movement nose basic right turn clock wise movement regardless location nose right turn clockwise maneuver So beginning flying training can start associating actually being Helicopters pilot seat JS setting up engine mixture recommend set engine little bit rich side will cause smoother transi tion change power levels softer response will give appearance docile engine finely tuned engine would Having recently acquired manufac turing rights forthe popular GloBee plug Twinn-K now introduces 24-plug pack agelets say hive Since sure release whether intended dealer convenience guys eat plugs own fleet ships probably both well just tell 24-plug plastic package makes great plug caddie However since handy plug guide bottom case helps retailer consumer choose right plug suppose Ws basically just convenient attractive packaging GloBee plugs since introduction about six years ago enjoy high reputation perform ance under demanding racing conditions product review product review product review G -MARK ENGINES ~~NNON IRIC SYSTEMS ITHESE SUPERB NEW R/C AND U-CONTROL ENGINES ARE MANUFACTURED IN JAPAN BY LONG ESTABLISHED SUBSIDIARY OF CITIZENS WATCH COMPANY THEIR PRECISION WORK IS EVIDENT IN THE DE ISIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THESE ENGINES U-CONTROL UNITS PRODUCE THE HIGH RPMS EXPECTED FOR TOP PERFORMANCE THROTTLEEQUIPPED R/C ENGINES PROVIDE RELIABLE LOWSPEED IDLING SMOOTH SPEED TRANSITION IAND GOOD TOP END PERFORMANCE EVEN WITH MUFFLERS ALL ENGINES ARE EASY STARTING MUFFLERS ARE STANDARD ALL R/C ENGINES HAVE THROTTLES 03 R/C GE-4017 03 RC $3995 03 u/c 061 R/C-C FOR CARS AND BOATS GE-4011 03 A1 ZI $3495 061 R/C GE4013 061 RC 061 u/c 30 R/C TWIN SCHNUERLE PORTED $29500 Ia I 305 5 CYL R/C ISHIPPING $3OOCOD WITH 20% DEPOSIT CALIF IVISAORDERS -6%TAX R/C BROCHURE 60 US $170 FOREIGN STD DEALER & DISTRIBUTOR DISCOUNTS 13400-26 Saticoy Street North Hollywood Calif 91605 decrease learning would fighting its quick response Easy does now Also set up throws servos swashplate set up get about -in throw swashplate direction beginning setting may find need throw due slow servos Helicopter sluggish response JS Now back work Advance lift control throttle and/or collectiveuntil machine becomes skittish light-footed Typically Helicopter will drift control input important lift advancing input done slowly case significant drifttrimproblem unexpected lift-off drift noted remember direction immediately reduce lift important quickly since directional movement may cause machine become airborne due increased lift gained translational GLOW PLUGS NOT INCLUDED GLOW HEAD & PROP COME WITH 03S GE-4015 12- 2F $10995 movement occurs simply put may take off out trim break machine Correct errant trim axis time using adjust able connections servos Dont use transmitter trim tabs yet youll use later need good center point left/right fore/aft cyclic controls trim check out tail rotor yaw control same manner own initial setup tail rotor places pitch blades zero relative tail boom control transmitter full counterclockwise left flying nose setting clockwise rotation main rotor counterclock wise CCW M/R set pitch zero full right clockwise CW yaw control dynamic setting tail rotor ZAH have found slight CCW drift will later result good full lift setting Slight CW drift CCW M/RContinued page 126 June 1981 125 oroduct review product review Droduct review $3195 GE -4016 06 lRC-C $4295 GE -4019 30 2F $18995 122 R/C TWIN Packaged GloBee Plugs Twinn-K ternational inc PO Box 31228 Indianapolis IN 46231 ,..S. ....IS....flSS..........SSISSS,S AMMJ MAS ENTERPRISES 1979-1980SPECIALISTS IN MNATIONAL CHAMPION ___________________ adly HeadsRC HELICOPTERS MJ MAS ENTERPRISES now offering totally new service helicopter enthasiastl One-stop shopping R/C Helicopter needs regardless what voare flyingl discount prices also offering free set-op flying instractine poars asking bane bails flown analyzed esery malor brand Helicopter anail able Oar staff qoalified answer questions ranging front installing train log gear flying ship icoetted j Cusions-bailt Helicopters include goar choice Helicopter Eng. Radio Test Flown Litnited Basini NEW FROM WORLD ENGINES ZENITH 40 POWERED HELICOPTER 5 HOUR CONSTRUCTION List $23g95 SPECIAL Only $16995 Price Includes Extra Set Main Rotos Tail Rotor Blades M J MAS ENTERPHISES P0 Box 727 Miami FL 33197 Phone 305 255-0658 ME gQLT pROP yUS Quadra McCulloch Super Hustler Thin new prop bob will fit abovo engines ones 5/1 8-24 shaft Bolt plate serves drill jig tapped spinner bolt Only $1995ROUSH MFG Dealer ibotorP0 Box 251 Inquiries WelcomeSendyville Ohio 44671 3W TIMER KITS Full Partial Rita 4Ks Models--Full Kits--Gao Rubber 1940 Baby Buezard Bombshell 36 020$1395 1941 Lambs Climber 44 Spoas Rubber $1495 1939 Korda Wakefield 44 Rubber Cabin$1495 J & R Modela--Fsall Rita-- 020 Replica 1942 Brooldyn Dodger 32 Span $1295 1940 So Long 32 Span $1295 Tyro Modela--Full Kit--iSA TEXACO RIC 1939 Bay Ridge Mike 496 049f199 $2995 P 6 W Semi-Kila--Rib Tip For-inter Rita 1937 Dallaire Spor-tster-109 Span Plan Ext$2600 Companion Str-ipwaod Kit Oallair-e-$3000 1940 Sailplane Cosnet-79 Wing Plan Ext $4750 Companion Str-ipwood Kit Sailplane--$2636 [Plans Dallair-e$5 00 Sailplane Wing-$3 00] Midseay Model Co -Full arid Partial Kilo Rib Tip & Former Kits--Macnine Cut Par-ta 1926 Flying Quaker- 94 Cabin Plan IncI $2150 1937 Quaker Flash 67 Cabin Plan Inel$1750 1937 Long Cabin 79 Plan Extr-a$500$1590 Replica Old Timer-n020 Gas or- Electric 1940 Buzaurd Bombnhell 30 Span FF $1195 1940 Scientific Mercury 36 PP or- 1ChR/C $1395 1041 Request 30 Span PP$1295 Old Time K/C Spor-t--Futl Kits--2-3 Ch R/C 1938 Power-house 50 10-15 engines $3196 1939 Air Tr-ails Sportster- 19 10 15eng$3596 BOOKS ON OLD TIMER MODELS NEW--1034 Zauc Year Book$550 Anilque Old Timer- Model Air Cr-aft$1900 Air- Age Gas Models MAN Requints$395 FREE FLIGHT KITS Sport Scale Sparkey Comet 30 Span Old Time Rubber $440 lilaverick K/N 36 Span Coupe Rubber- $1346 Lacy 5110 Peck Peanut Scale $440 SaleIlite 459 4Ks 00 Span 15 36 eng $2595 FLECTRIC SYSTEMS AND KITS watro 95 System Wired $5991 [SPECIALnO $4796] Astro 55 System Wired $lI995tSPEClAL $0196] Astro Sport Kit For- 95 23 Ch K/C $2120 Quiet Revolution Book $lgl[SPECIALnO$500l Shipping Handling 50 Page CATALOGUE Up ro $000 add $150 $100 PP copy mill $001 $2600 add $225 sent fr-ne upon $2001 10 $6500 add $300 recfuest order-I $9591 $7090 add $300 a y or-n over $7000 add $900 PO Box 30911 CA Addressees add 6% Seal Beach Ca 90740 Sales Tax Send MO CR 719 OglI0223Best or- VisalMC #cEXPl mornings or- recarder-- COD-Esaco Chg.$tl9 Hdl activates 5 rings] 126 Model Aviation OVERSEAS DISTRIBUTORS 0.HD0URThRS SCHIUTER HELl 60 Size CALL FOR OUR LOW PRICES Sclslater Helicopter Pans Stock Including Pipes Fuselages Etc LOWEST PRICES ,SysEem iS would wise thing note record trim settings youve just developed will save time later repairs required Check before first flight day assure machine last time flew may notice little right cyclic required swashplate CW main rotor Helicopter offset necessary counteract left drift created T/R counters engine torque opposite trim required CCW Helicopter Finally trim settings ZAH will ballpark fly Level III JS OK youre trim ZAH ready flight trimming Helicopter have really reduced work fixed-wing air craft have fairly stable flight attitude neutralize control sticks Helicopter safety valve fixed-wing flying since attitude youve trimmed necessarily attitude always want will become evident later Levels II III IV flying will good friend Well now begin practice ZAH maneuver will essentially balancing bubble air downwash rotor blades compresses air between plane blades flying surface creating bubble under rotor plane compression result high pressure area created blades create lift Any change distance between rotor plane surface such tilting rotor plane through control movements quickly affects lift bubble hence feeling balancing ball ball two three feet above surface ground effect bubble reduced greatly control sensitivity relaxed Thus begin ning training under worst conditionson bubble conditions will sharpen reactions both deliberately induced importantly automatic ally done conditions also exist time land automatic reactions ones want train though work may seem boring time-consuming highly produc tive dont cheat Using paint masking tape put down triangle squares shown Figure 5 Begin ZAH did trimming now conscious ly try maintain position orientation machine inside 1-ft squares machine maintains its position square control input two things has occurred 1 youre prodigy have trimmed perfectly 2 youre cheating latter usually case likely cause really lifting majority weight bubble Helicopter will RAOlO PRSI INSTRUCTIONAL TAPES NOW AVAILABLE Building Trimming 0 Flying 0 Contest Flying Noolce Expert O Aatorotations setap/Praclice *AeLtbatics/lflvertedlliQlttJ AMERICAN R/C MANTIS NOW ONLY $11998 very very squirrely doing maneuver correctly should working hard maintain position important learn machines responses control inputs also teach respond changes position and/or attitude ideal reasonably safe time learn things move Helicopter around square maximize learning can maintain position orientation square minute bub ble ready move JS During ZAH maneuvers recommend remain 8-12 ft behind aircraft three reasons 1 It safer since will have some distance between Helicopter case blade other rotating part separates machine Level III use 3-ft hover avoid lining up rotor plane head 2 Since safer will relaxed can concentrate flying 3 You will have better perspective Helicopter its surroundings too close see copter area around orientation clues located iS next maneuver begin ZAH original square maintaining tail-in orien tation translate skid next square will require combination cyclic controls cause drifting ZAH moving around did single-square maneuver will now pay off move forward backwards sideways combination negotiate course use triangle makes work little harder rectangular course due use angular movements requiring combination inputs controls first translational movements should very slow rapid translation can upset stability increasing lift As fly course concen trate minimizing control inputs small adjustments will serve well Level III will repeat maneuvers air Believe well trimmed Helicopter quite stable small corrections needed also process building some auto-reactions aircraft anomalies building mental model reactions built two practice sessions keep practicing though may seem endless Finally word Level II Dont trust yourself measure results task defini tions specific enough allow accurate measurement skill advancement Use another person test against Level II criteria will better learning can move Level III can go around course three times direction pausing 30 seconds square ZAHand dont cheat hard serious work Level II now may later save Helicopter continued RC Scale/Wischers Continued page 41 Precision Scale static judging con testant supplies rule used three-view models measured steel tape seven model areas given grade 1 10 grade multiplied Kfactor AMA Scale grading done 1 25 no K-factor Judges examine model specific items fuselage metal-type aircraft should show panel lines depth painted older planes lines should represent joints overlap proper direction shed water down rearward later aircraft joints flush line should have scribed appearance Rivets should proper size location type quantity Fabric covering should reveal properly sized located structure underneath Prototype stringers longerons ordinarily narrow rounded come contact fabric dont have sharp corners Tapes cover wear points Ifdocu mentation photos show imperfections wrinkles should duplicated Most important length width cross section dimensions locations features must correct Fabric-covered wings need rib tapes stitch ing authenticity necessarily obtrusive Tape edges almost vanish wellfinished plane pinked tape edges may evident especially fiberglass tapes used good close-up photo will help Spars should visible through fabric oversize trailing edges will lower score Wingspan chord airfoil thickness dihedral angle dimensions locations ailerons flaps will checked closely bolts used wing attachment should recessed covered unless visible original Panel lines metal wings need overlapped direction airflow External pushrods model-type devises horns ailerons elevators used original will reason downgrading Increased tail surface area wing area especially tips will particular interest judges Modelers sometimes widen tips sharply tapered wings increase stability change easily detected thickened wing tips increased dihedral prototype tail surfaces have airfoil section models surfaces flat expect reduction score Aileron flap tail surface hinges should have centers proper location means some commer cial model hinges may usable Landing gear shape location height can spoil scale appearance incorrect char acteristic Focke WuIf FW-1 90 its long legs see models plane shortened legs ground stability easier retraction Judges looking fault will also check tires shape diameter thick ness tread pattern sidewall markings retractable gear should swing scale manner well covers function proper sequence Wheel wells should painted have some detailed interior structure visible planes rather cluttered hydraulic lines conduits well equipped tail wheel should swivel scale-like manner correct mounting difficult decisions Scale modeling find method cooling model engine yet have hidden tend prefer partially exposed engine better cooling longer life sacrifice scale appearance However modelers now successfully cooling completely hidden engine elabor ate ducting Shape cowl should faithfully duplicated ventilation openings proper size location louvers hinges latches portions visible dummy engine need accurately represented model engine ex haust best piped out true scale location Scale propellers covered April 81 column AMA contest cockpit graded Importance equal other areas receives K-factor 4 FAI because scarcity information older planes Seats controls interior finish require approximately same effort size instrument panels definitely easier larger models very likely judge will reach inside rule measure dimensions Most cockpit cabin judging done eyeball proportions various details another deter mining factor decisions about size location Radio equipment should well hidden raising cockpit cabin floor considered good way conceal servos Finish color markings judging category Sport Precision FAI Scale least agreement relative importance Sport Scale could amount 30% score also heavily weighted FAI Getting markings correct place properly sized merely mechanical problem accounts errors However finish color can extremely sticky problem rules state Profile publications accep table yet printed artists renditions June 1981 127