The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/04
Page Numbers: 40, 41, 42, 43, 117, 120
The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/04
Page Numbers: 40, 41, 42, 43, 117, 120
The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/04
Page Numbers: 40, 41, 42, 43, 117, 120
The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/04
Page Numbers: 40, 41, 42, 43, 117, 120
The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063
Edition: Model Aviation - 1980/04
Page Numbers: 40, 41, 42, 43, 117, 120
The use pendulums control rudder ailerons elevatorsand various combinationsfor free flight scale models goes back before war work good Glad asked questions ingenious Bob has thereand has somegoodies PENDULUMS ailerons Eureka last guaranteed safe cure-all models illtimed maneuvers fail-safe method pulling model out steep turn usually brings rough contact unyielding terra firma Alas quite thatfirma holds such Terra scale modeler must still reckoned Pendulums however meth od whereby can add little certainty success model fair compensation lack dihedral plane youve always wanted buildbut havent because dihedral required stability de tracts its looks scale points Pendulums have around years see Ron Moultons great book Flying Scale Models circa 1956 have waxed waned popularity often fashion day would seem dictate like youve just read about have never bothered tinker confess spite having read Moulton years ago care remember did leap action rather took admonishment heart Pendulum came suddenly fashion periods before long scale subject being tackled fitted pendulum supposed magic answer stability problems Most models fitted would have improved pendulum tachment statement probably true today However have some new wrinkles added may enhance desire within take crack Lets take brief look pendulum pit does operate Most pendulum systems have read about depicted pendulum hanging vertically top longerons open cockpit model hinged swing forward backward depending attitude aircraft used mode actuate elevators used system qulte successfully four-engined Handiy Page HP 42 Helena See Fig 1 Again pendulum suspended same position hinged swing side side depending whether aircraft banking right left mode has used actuate rudder see Fig 2 ailerons see Fig 3 personally would never use system activate rudder feel rudder activated respect can hazardous continued longevity model rudder over-correction model spirals ground forces acting pendulums two fold Force * 1 gravity tends keep pendulum pointed ground times effect model rolling around stationary THREAD USED HERE TO GO AROUND PULLEYS ight ie weightis swinging side side rather fuselage rolling around Figs 2 & 3 pitching around Fig 1 seemingiy stationary mass connected linkages moveable surfaces activated rolling pitching action model Force *2 acting pendulums centrif ugal would tend affect elevator FIG 2 ER CONTROL ON RUDDER KNOT 10 PENDULUM CR USE BRASS PLATE ASIN FIG 3 its simplest forn pendulum control rudder has used mediocre results far back glory days rubber scale purpose being fly aircraft little no dihedral 40 Model Aviation Fig 1 vertical pendulum elevator control installed author s4- engine Handley- Page Helena excellent functioning elevators breath taking flight shot ancient British airliner proof pudding appears powered four electrics system unless model looping since setup swing side side However systems 2 & 3 model flying fast goes turn pendulum should still seeking ground thereby causing controls correct turn instead centrifugal force enters cockpit speak moves pendulum its neutral position much like ball turn-and-bank indicator moved its center Hence controls neutral position able bring model out its turn bringing inevitable crash modeler heard exclaim pendu lum must have stuck linkage must have jammed reality centrifugal force did stick pendulum wrong position namely neutral What can done overcome turn events take-over centrifugal force possible solution method adopted Mr Jack McCracken gave first introduc tion pendulum systems actually installed model good friend Jack McCrackens FIG 2 ELEVATOR CONTROL LEVEL Zz K PIVOT POINT POSITION BY TEST IN ALL CASES 1 K K ELEVATOR GOES UP TO RECOVER IN CLIMB ELEVATOR GOES DOWN rudder elevator scale dihedral adequate pendulum can confined elevator pendulun free swing directions multi applications feasible Centrifugal forces create false corrections Youll have think about home after Flightmasters meet showed linkages pendulum set-up installing Beechcraft 17G classic stag gerwing indeed work art pendulum hanging vertically just behind cabin layout series bellcrank linkages made aileron torque rods projecting top fuselage operate ailerons plug-in wings system proved inadequate fast flying machine testing reacted stated previously centrifugal force took over pendulum neutralized controls Fortunately proverbial tall grass saved model Jack revamped whole system staggerwing new method pendulum instal lation have pendulum lying horizontally along fuselage floor rather vertically suspended ceiling Upon seeing new direction taken Jack couldnt restrain myself becoming excited about possibilities installing pendulum system nearly completed Bellanca Miss Columbia built large Bellanca previously continually fell off wing flown its scale configuration dihedral wings proportional rudder control added continued erratic took out radio added small amount dihedral flew free-flight again has great flier ever since still have fun-fly often Recalling flight characteristics first Bellanca knowing Miss Columbia did have dihedral concerned about its flying ability Aileron control seemed offer method bringing dropped wing level flight again install pendulum system Miss Columbia well road completion interior cabinwhere would normally install hang pendulumwas filled almost ceiling gas tanks food satchels etc wasnt room crawl-way back navigators desk hence wasnt used Atlantic crossing Cham berlin Levine hang pendulum behind navigators compartment asking CG problems Hence figured horizontally hinged pendulum could adopted Miss Columbia Jacks system could have adopted placed under dummy fuel tanks linkages required such set-up cared tackle time since interior complete didnt relish redoing What Bellanca its wing tanks located usual place near wing roots Suppose pirate Jacks idea lay pendulum horizonApril 1980 41 tally instead use two wing tank has draw back doubling pendulum weights advantage being over CG also absence linkages fuselage floor-up wing con nection also advantage fact ailerons can operated independently another ability have differential movement set-up used eliminated use down aileron completely both wings feeling down aileron just might create drag low wing increase tighten turn thus override effect up aileron high wing would particularly true think slow flying aircraft least premise upon set up system photos show method installation pendulums wing tanks should take note small wire rail pendulum rides over safety device allows barest amount contact between pendu lum its surface prevents weight pendulum bottoming out floor tank steep turn hanging up thus centri fugal force unable prevent aileron acting intended Flying Miss Columbia 1977 Nationals proof pudding launch flew straight level short distance proceeded get tight right hand turn looked like would continue tighten up spiral ground However could see aileron left wingthe high go full up position As did turn widened out until aileron dropped back neutral would start tighten up again procedure repeated really great watch pendulum operate kept airplane flying long enough qualify some landed under power turn undamaged later attempts tried ROGs found underpowered unable get takeoff thanks pendulums qualified board managing pick up fourth place process Continued page 117 FIG 3 AILERON CONTROL IN FUSELAGE FIXED PIVOT POINT ON CL FUSELAGE SOLDERED0 TO WIRE ALL WIRE ENDS THRU AND SAFETIED WITh WASHER AND GLUE PENWLUM WIRE INTO CLOSE FIT TUBE AS IN FiG 5 AILERON AND BELLCRAN K ~IIi WIRE IN FUSELAGE BELLCRANK N PENDULUM BANK OF MODEL SW1NG PEI\DULUM WHICH LOWERS AILERON TO PICK WING BACK LEVEL Haight movable ailerons should functional instability around roll axis could aileron correctedas full-scale practice 42 Model Aviation Anything teeny featherweight Bobs Columbia remarkably well detailed big airplanefor engine power know tough gas-powered scale free flight can Bob has managed quite reasonable flights pendulum ailerons spite wing being board flat Aileron system Columbia Top 1 aileron hinging Left Two horizontally swinging pendulums mounted detachable plug-in wing panels Above aileron bellcrank Indepen dent aileron actiondown eliminated because possible effect drag 1A6 WIRE IS FREE FIT IN TUBE VI6 IDTUBE BLOCKS / / WIRE RAIL PREVENTS PENDULUM FROM BOTTOMING ON FLOOR IN STEEP TURNS Centrifugal force equal importance gravity former has confounded ingenious arrangements author indebted Jack McCrackenwho used system Beech Staggerwingfor horizontally swinging pendulum effective aileron control Bellanca Columbia has no dihedral Vertical rudder pendulum found inadequate tendency plane spiral April 1980 43 FIG 5 AILERON CONTROL IN WING point insure trailing edge positioned symmetrically about centerline airfoil section before glue hardens Use masking tape make sure position TE does change glue hardens 15 Trial fit ailerons wing panels Insert hinges aileron spars locate corresponding slots ailerons Drill notch inboard sections ailerons accept torque rods Make sure ailerons move easily before final installation 16 Before joining wing panels shape LE carefully sand dihedral angle center joint paneL Cement ignment blocks panels Apply epoxy joining surfaces cement panels together Cover centersection joint 4-in wide piece 6 oz fiberglass filled epoxy resin Tail Surface 1 Cut vertical horizontal stabilizers balsa sheet Taper elevator rudder shape fin stab leading edges form airfoil-like contour 2 Install pin hinges stationary portion make corresponding slots elevator rudder accept hinges 3 Cement -in pine insert rudder control horn shown plan flap control horn used join elevator halves no pine insert need used 3/32 MW used cement pine insert elevator halves control horn location desired 4 Install elevator joiner flap control horn elevator halves insure alignment two halves drill oversized hole joiner fill epoxy join flat surface covered wax paper 5 The elevator permanently hinged ward stab centerpiece epoxied place Coating joiner Vaseline prior epoxy ing centerpiece place will insure joiner epoxied stab Final AssembIy 1 Final shape rear top portion fuselage Cut -in slots horizontal stab shown plan Cement horizontal stab fuselage True align ment obtained laying fuselage its top over plan locating elevator hinge line over location shown plan fuselage top flat building surface place piece scrap 3/16 balsa under end stab pin everything down 2 The sub-fin cemented fuselage horizontal stab drying Shape rear lower fuselage prior gluing sub-fin place Insure squareness sub-fin building surface insure centered fuselage 3 The -in plywood wing hold-down now cemented fuselage sure epoxy -in triangular stock pieces junctions between fuselage sides former number 3 4 Locate centerline wing over centerline fuselage Insure precisely same height off building surface leading trailing edges will yield zero incidence Adjust fuselage cut-outs accordingly insure true alignment horizontal stab 5 Locate holes leading edge hard dowels Drill s way through 1/16 plywood dowel supports aft main spars Insert dowels epoxy place 6 With wing properly aligned drill number seven holes location nylon bolts Drill through -in hold-down plate Remove wing tap holes hold-down plate -20 tap open holes wing trail ing edge Replace wing bolt place using -20 nylon bolts Fairings FILL FUEL PUMP PUMPS IN0GENERATION AND OUT ONLY $4fl95DU-BRO FUEL HAND IVPUMPS- SONICALLY OPERA TEDSEALED TO PREVENT CAT NO 191-II BLACK PUMP-ULTRA SMALL AND FOR GLO-FUELSCOMPACT--UNIQUE CLIP-ON MOUNTING SYSTEM FITS ON GALLON QUART OR PINT CAT NO 250-IGH RED PUMP-VOLUME FOR GAS/OIL MIXTURESCOMPLETE FUELING SYSTEM INCLUDES CAP FITTINGS FUEL -TUBING AND FILTER I~jDUBRO PRODUCTS INCORPORATED 480 Banner Road Wauconda IIInois 60064 USA leading trailing edges built up sanded shape 7 Cement fin canopy blocks fuselage insuring properly centered Sand shape fuselage contours shown plans build up fillets desired using favorite gunk prefer Epoxolite 8 Apply favorite finish keep light possible 9 Install landing gear fuel tank engine pushrods Make sure nose wheel adjusted wing sits zero incidence level grounJ case Install radio achieve de sired CG location Locate CG fore desired position shown plans less sensitivity elevator deflection Full aerobatic capabilities exist CG positioned shown Finishing Use favorite method keep light possible used Solarfilm cover wing tail surfaces fuselage covered silk three coats clear dope two coats Formula-U Flying Alpha Alpha tracks like shes riding rails Flat-out air speed 70 mph landing airspeed mere 20 mph standard Enya 45 Tatone muffler needed Several props tried including Zinger 10-6 Top Flite 10-6 11-4 both Standard Super-M Tornado Nylon 10-6 Top Flite Nylon 10-6 Best performance obtained Standard Top Flite 10-6 noted several flights made using Enya 45 muffler noticeable increase performance evident upon switching Tatone muffler tuned pipe would probably increase effective power output bother since aircraft capable Masters pattern maneuvers pipe As aircraft sensitivity controls strong function CG location Fore aft limits shown plan having tested aircraft locations between limits position shown recommend Further aft plane too sensitive elevator deflection wind gusts forward leads sluggish response elevator spins resemble vertical diving rolls moderately flat spin achieved CG positioned shown full up elevator oppo site rudder aileron Recovery extremely quick smooth upon neutralizing controls Snap-rolls pose no problem Perhaps impressive stall turns have ever seen achieved Alpha Apply rudder fraction second before throttling back watch Alpha flatest turns youll ever observe Inverted flight characteristics knife-edge flight characteristics good no observable bad tendencies slight amount up elevator required knife-edge position keep plane tracking straight Build Alpha properly youre some very pleasant aerobatic flying fraction cost Pendulums/H aight Continued page 42 Jack has similar success Beechcraft since revamped pendulum system since aircraft flies much higher speed speaks well systems ability overcome effects centrifugal force has mentioned thought possible peril brought about installation pendulums horizontal mode Continued page 120 April1980 117 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACEPATTERN PRE-NOVICE 1979 WINTER NATS NEW. SIMITAR SPORT 19 - 40 Power 50 Inch Span Standard Kit Includes Ply Wing Sheeting Foam Cores Balsa Fuselage Gear Formed Sliding Tray Full Site Plans $5995 SIMITAR WINS 1St PLACENORTHROP FLYING WING CONTEST 1979 NEWT-SHIRTS 6 High Quality 1000 Cutton $ ulti-color Silkscreen Sites SML&XL Eleck Rider Yellow Plus $100 Astron Light Blue Shipping Simitar 540 Tan Charge SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER FROM BILL EVANS AIR/CRAFT 20825/ ROSCOE BLVD CANOGA PARK CA 91306/ TEL 213 344-6391 OR 709-0894 lum thrown back thus giving down elevator sending pride joy ground suppose super careful let model fly out hands could get away doubt since modelers see hand-launch tend throw model last moment must make sure no binding binges ailerons elevators move very freely have used system consider both easy install absolutely free binding use small cotter pins obtained hardware store insert wing aileron spar spreading out back side through small piece light plywood have small heads pro truding spar same ailerons themselves ailerons put wing cotter pin heads next other remains done take long thin wire run through aligned holes bend over end wire protrudes wing tip elevator tip fasten piece Scotch tape thus making easily removable necessary have never bind binge wire fail out using system Also next invisible both systems elevator aileron notice stops put restrict movement pendulum use can see pictures balsa blocks movement required can just slice off piece block conversely glue another piece restrict further As bearings tubing used bearings connecting wire passes through wing ribs fuselage formers prefer put large holes respective parts making sure wire does touch anything between pendulum bellcrank elevator horn another reason recommend using heavy wire between points use bearings must make sure direct line ifjust out line will tend bind up entire system hence use lazy method use large holes previously mentioned Besides can kid myself thinking Im following advice famous designer Bill Stout axiom Simplicate add lightness must concede sound advice scale modelers that fear dive would actuate pendulums increase hazard answer let say aircraft steep dive already have hands full model clearly out trim case ailerons will still operate bring wing up least try keep spiral dive -developing model dive effect trying run away pendulums would tend keep neutral until wing dropped whereon would operate picking up wing however would have no effect dive would still have crash hands word installation loosely use word horizontally mounted pendulum can see Figs 4 & 5 pendulum hanging least 150 200 down its pivot can accommodate glide angle glide steeper youre trouble own angle necessarily restricted mount pendulum wing depth ribs themselves large models such Bellanca should pose no problem does simply use Jacks system mount fuselage ample room word caution sure use heavy enough wire parts mechanical system itself say use heavy wire connecting piece pendulum bellcrank lot pressure exerted between pendulum aileron try save weight effect adding weight uselessly light small connecting wire will work ftne tilt hand under flight loads will flex bend rather operate aileron Heavy wire should also used pendulum itself permit carry weight also prevent flexing under load bellcrank should also sturdily made made mistake using clear plastic first ones replace broke under slightest impact Access panels over cranks proved extremely valuable time allowing small openings wing easy replacement parts sure no slop system just little first bearing smidge rod connecting crank etc keeps multiplying until whole system rendered next useless play elevator systems use RC-type clevis allows adjust amount up down elevator really works great allowing crank amount elevator needed flying ROG pendulum elevators almost mandatory ROG since running launching hand pendu FAWF/Pape Continued page 46 notches problem have run procedure having notches much deeper center ends caused having wire too hot time now poke holes through wing panels can pass cutter wire through core out need piece o wire propane torch heatthe end red hot something guide simple way make guide drill 5/32 hole lengthwise through 1-in-long piece of2 X2 1 side Insert 1-ia-long piece 5/32 o d brass tubing hole Hot Stuff place Check see o wire sticking out 18 guide end still about 1 off table Mount wing panel pieces cut off first cut out should wing centerline 1 above table Carve shim necessary Now end sticking out about 2 guide heat end red hot Moving quickly set guide table slide up end core wire entering core center part cored 120 Model Aviation SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR SI MI TAR Rosies D&R Power Pod Fits COX T- D & Med 049 -051 Engs Rubber Band Screw Mounting Eng mtS upright inverted Running time appx 4 mm Nylon injection mouldedColors Power 3 lb all-planes total weight I4 OL$595RED BLACK WEYELLOW ALSOORANGE MAKE BANTAM ServosWrite D&R SticksFor Free ConnectorsCatalog Bulkhead SwitchFine Products mounts TX Sjfety Switch 1-jeavy duty gear Weld de i*esing 1ff 18 Rand aiim line preduisa 3501-C W Moore St Santa Ana CA 92704NEW 1/2-A Witch Hawk 111979 Nats Winner Wing Area~d Record Setter CONTEST WINNERS 1/2-A Country Boy Wing Area 275 1/2-A OKIE BIRD 1979 FF Champs Winner 3 Times Nats Winner EACH KIT $1400 Add 10% postage Postage paid two kits Ciemcraft P 0 Box 524 Sand Springs OK 74063