Pushy Cat

The No 14 Pushy Cat Jim Miller flew victory 1990 Rena Air Races Millers third pusher prototype Pushy Cat built 1987 purely racing completing transition earlier variants blended sport plane racer fuselage made narrower shorter lower forcing pilot sit floor needle nose became pointed novel funnel-shaped spinner used WHEN HE BEGAN racing Cleveland Goodyear midget cut-down Luscombe wings Jim Miller showed no signs eventually becoming innovative designer/builder sport airplane racing has yet seen Back 1949 Miller could get away borrowing parts other airplanes course didnt win races slow midget racers field idiosyncrasies like fabric-covered wings less ideal airfoils werent handicapping might think crude cowlings completely exposed wheels awkward configurations planes flown Millers rivals simply didnt belong racecourse 1940s planes won races designed built men considerable racing experience engineering know-how formally acquired August 1991 93 Close-up rear No 14 Pushy Cat showing unusual spinner pusher prop umiacripumot Jim mimier poses wiin radical-design racer Having cockpit practically nose gives pilot extra-good view racecourse Two clean simple airplanes designed Steve Wittman Buster Bonzo won over half first years races sophisticated all-metal Cosmic Winds Tony LeVier & Associates won others Trailing along behind guys like Jimniy Miller No 14 Little Gem guys learning race having fun doing Some learned enough justify sticking dropped out theyd enough frustration replaced another crop rookies Its discouraging watch same people pick up trophies checks year after year Miller stayed 190 Cubic Inch class midget racers through 1960 improving airplane bit bit hit eastern midwestern races home Fort Wayne Indiana 1957 replaced plywood-covered second wing beautifully crafted all-aluminum own design netting gain speed immediately vaulted him championship bracket won Fort Wayne 1959 again 1960 clocking 199 mph 200 mph respectively midair collision took lives Charley Bishop Jim Rice era air racing came end Both pilots popular enthusiasm organizing small races minimal purses already weakened couldnt survive loss America saw no pylon racing three years sport revived Reno Nevada 1964 Little Gem Miller sold airplane retired competition Bob Porter flew racer victory two years row speed 193 mph 1964 202 mph 1965 craft bought Bob Downey renamed Ole Tiger consistently finished among winners next decade meantime Jim Miller relocated Texas began designing building selling molded fiberglass cowlings fairings KCt 2 94 Model Aviation Looking inside cockpit Jim millers NO 14 Pushy Cat WY Part cowling has removed show Continental four-cylinder engine Millers first pusher-prop racer prototype Texas Gem began canard-wing design shroud prop Completed 1973 used vacuum-molded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglassan exotic material its dayover conventional welded steel tube structure Close-up Pushy Cats canopy showing artistic stencIling painting factory-built airplanes owners wanted less drag speed manufacturers provided wasnt until 1973 connection air racing became apparent March year Miller test flew little craft would turn out have far greater impact could have imagined what called Formula first however design considered experimental sport plane rather racer well remember first encounter Texas Gem Having heard rumors something unusual going Millers hangar San Antonio persuaded him let very first story whatever causing commotion July 1973 After some casual chatter about what us doing since last met race site Miller excused himself conduct some business suggested go out hangar see myself Walking around light twin-engine undergoing modification came faceto-face what can called streamlined golden sculpture few times professional life stopped cold tracks radical shape near-perfect contours surfaces little airplane completely unexpected Midget racers never particularly daring design years becoming increasingly standardized its main wing rear canard surface front Jim Millers needle-nosed little beauty anything fact well ahead its timeBurt Rutan yet popularize tail-first designs Millers plane pusher propeller surrounded tight-fitting shroud wing tail fuselage much too smooth metal wood nowcommon foam fiberglass exotic composites still future home-built airplanes Miller soon walked out see what happening answer expected flood questions least Whats metalsmith doing building something like explained new airplane called Texas Gem conventional welded steel tube structure otherwise built much like modification kits vacuummolded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglass knew value modem technique knew use best advantage Let others build aircraft way grandfathers After years observing conventional midget racers borrowed liberally Steve Wittmans designs Miller created work art breath fresh air wings tail swapped places prop engine behind pilot cockpit practically nose pilot benefited Continued page 195 -4 SECTION A-A 5 5 5 SECTION B-B COLOR SCHEME ENTIRE AIRPLANE IS LIGHT YELLOW WITH STRIPES AND MARKINGS AS SHOWN IS 9 BLUE STRIPE j RED CATBLUEBLACK7 BROWNS WHITEREDGRAY ENLARGED VIEW OF EMBLEM U BLUE SEE ENLARGED VIEW BLUE STRIPE /9 ORANGE STRIPE BLUEORANGE DI234567 B SCALE IN FEET MILLER SPECIAL JM-2ROAERT / GROUND LINE August 1991 95 Miller used o eliminated shroud puiuer prop High-Lift/Lennon Continued page 81 used Harrier wing Probably simplest way actuate flaps flexible cable Nyrod shown diagram sort belicrank-and-rod arrangement frequently used operate ailerons would also job using cables sure anchor sheath ends securely support sheath its passage through rib keeps sheath buckling under load Recommended dimensions deflection maximum lift coefficient values both types flaps tabulated below FigPercent ofAngle ofCL NoTypeWing Chord DeflectionValues 17 SlottedInternal25%400220 Hinge 18 SlottedExternal25%400240 Hinge Leading edge fixed slots fixed leading edge slot provides additional incremental C[ max 04 stall angle eight degrees higher Thus wing both full-span leading edge fixed slots full-span internally hinged slotted flaps would generate CL total 220 plus 040 260 Leading edge slots promote effective aileron response high angles attack because acceleration air passing location forward ailerons Figure 3 shows design suggested construction leading edge fixed slots using balsa strips sanded shape Note conical shape slot Used full span Crane slots benefited model greatly see photo hand-tested before leaving factoiy best-in-the e J Pm Dax THE wdDx CO#4NECflON oryso doftynir local hobby shop cat FREE GloBee FlyOr St IndIanapolIs IN 48231 Phoee3174394579 FAX 317439-8928 increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will generate CL max basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will C generate L ma basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge Using Harrier wing example Flapped wing area 356 sq x CLmax 2 40 Unflapped area drooped leading edge 220 sq inxCLmax 1202308 Total area 576 sq Total CL max 4 CL 1162 202 Because increased lift drag induce increase nose-down negative pitching moment types flaps cause marked change trim deployed recommended elevators comprising least 40% horizontal tail plane area installed counter pitching action permit flaring model touches down ground effect Try slotted flaps next model Theyll add realism performance appearance Youll have better-looking craft gives fun variety airEl Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 95 unusually good view racecourse Although Texas Gem standard 100-hp 135 hp racing rpm Continued page 196 Leading edge droop NASA development recently introduced fullscale lightplanes help prevent often fatal low-altitude stalls As Figure 3 shows droop occupies outboard 38% wing leading edge sharp corners between drooped undrooped portions produce chordwise vortex effectively separates inner outer panels higher angles attack drooped portion behaves like very low aspect ratio wing substantially increasing both stall angle effectiveness ailerons results additional increase CL 02 10-degree-higher angle attack flying three models incorporating drooped leading edge found craft sometimes forced spin after two turns spin changed fast spiral dive ended instantly neutralized controls maximwn coefficient lift combination high-lift devices can determined few easy calculations flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures Add realism ScaleWeightPrice A1/84oz$20 B1/66oz$25 C1/57112oz$25 01/5l2oz$25 E1/423oz$30 Scale precision-molded resin radial engines Front half intended cowled applications Easily detailed about 90 mm see photos C&D aluminum tubing scrap wire spray paint Looks great adds nose weight too fitting purposes up 20% diameter may trimmed affecting overall look Check Money Order Visa Master Card Frank Tiane Enierprises S&H included15300 ESTANCIA LANE WEST PALM BEACH FL 33414 TEL 407-795-6600 FAX 407-795-6677 August 1991 195 Diameter Cylinders 53/49 71/49 83/45 83/49 111/49 WHY SHOULD BUY GLOBEE GLOW Ywre kmldng 111K ANSWER ZAPADAPAGOOTM new purpose adhesive & sealant bonds virtually anything everything. better HOUSE OF BALSA 10101 Yucca Road Adelanto CA92301 619- 246-6462 ROBART PO Box 247 St Charles IL 601 74 708-584-7616 FRANK TIANO ENTERPRISES 15300 Estancia Lane West Palm Beach FL 33414 407- 795-6600 four-cylinder Continental 0-200 engine 66 square feet wing area fixed-pitch propeller nonretracting landing gear demanded class rules resemblance other 100-plus midget racersor matter anything another classended course stage Gem wasnt fully racer As Miller explained designed Formula specifications testing purposes see would compare conventionaldesign airplanes same size power mind sport plane would exploit new materials new shape pusher propeller surrounded shroud safetyto increase efficiency visibility ZAP ZAP registered trademark PACER TECHNOLOGY reducing noise heat pilot Begun 1971 Millers original pusher prototype first flew 1973 after year half work help others Texas Gem saw its first race June 1974 Evansville Indiana Though wasnt pure racer idea measure against thoroughbreds Alan Frazee qualified Gem 1826 mph placed fifth consolation race 1846 after cutting pylon Reno year veteran Formula racer Jim Wilson flew new machine reported didnt care way felt claiming wanted tuck its nose under during tight turn short order changes began appear four-cylinder engine vibrated shook much impossible work out sufficiently tight fit prop shroud After series modifications long-chord short-chord shrouds variant grooved prop tips failed produce desired effect Miller gave up shroud altogether also replaced canard surface slighfly conventional T-tail canard didnt control right Miller explained funny feel it wasnt large enough load airplane make stable flew much better elevator rear change came greater speed controllability little sport plane becoming racer Miller flew Mojave California 1975 placing seventh 194 mphthe best ever pusher-prop racer hardly great threat really fast ones first race 15 years Miller continued make small changesand gain speed Cleveland 1977 turned 207 mph finishing fourth Mexicali Mexico early 1978 again fourth time 226 mph fast course Back Cleveland qualified 223 mph went win championship race 233 mph After four busy years flying testing modifying retesting racing Jim Miller won major race radical-design racer something no 70-year history air racing done before Eager experience Miller raced often possible flying four races 1979 1980 1979 despite wide variations course length winds never slower 215 mph following years races West Miller placed fifth San Diego California fourth consolation race Reno wasnt yet __ Give yourself time air FUEL WIZZARDTM __ Worlds Most Convenient Pumps Both Fills largest model fuel tanks seconds FAST stroke uel Allfuelsafe-gloworgas Durable long life Ready use out box year warranty parts workmanship Thousands satisfied users See local dealer call Toll Free 1 800 5338543 Visa Mastercard accepted SWEEN id Products ox 8300 nkato MN 56002 FUEL WIZZARD Model 2 #7602 $1850 Fuels defuels same fast rate Mounted gallon metal can legal gasoline 196 Model Aviation FUEL WIZZARD #7601$850 Fits gallon fuel bottles 1 V2 feet Life Time Fuel Tubing included consistent winner Texas Gem proving among dependable faster airplanes remained flying test bed Millers great store ideas 1981 Miller placed fifth Reno championship race 216 mph following year won Petersburg Virginia 223 mph moved up fourth place Reno next two years saw big cutback air racing schedule time flew Gem Reno 1983 finished disappointing seventh because cutting several pylons Miller replaced outer skins graphite converted plane two-seater eventual kit production mind repainted bright red airplane cream red trim same year began construction second pusher design geared primarily toward racing Though clearly same stable Gem 260 featured number small innovations Miller flew 1984 Lowers Baker-Falck 500-mile speed/efficiency competition Fond du Lac Wisconsin might have bested usually unbeatable J Smith AJ-2 navigational error reclaimed some honor following day clocking 22941 mph set FM 100-km speed record class After seven years record still stands few weeks later misfortune struck September 1 1984 veteran race pilot Chuck Andrews practicing Gem 260 preparatory racing Reno Whether because overrevved engine another reason blades broke off wooden propeller resulting vibration shook airplane apart Andrews died crash 1985 things began look up Miller won series three midwestern races Detroit 216 mph Cleveland 221 mph Columbus Ohio 209 mph went finish third Reno clocking 221 mph During period Miller experimented handmade pusher racing propellers trying two- four-bladed models various shapes pitch angles also after long negotiations over point fully covered otherwise detailed specifications Formula got okay pylon racing association retract nose wheel todays rules third wheel can retracted whether its nose tail 1986 Millers final season pioneering No 73 Texas Gem turned 234 mph Minot North Dakota finishing second after qualifying 234 mph came third speed 221 mph Reno Texas Gem unquestionably success Still time move Miller sold airplane Errol Roberson renamed Puffin repainted white light blue trim proceeded go racing March 1987 Miller Pre-built kit $225 Ready finish kit $325 80 90 4-strokes unpiped 60 2-strokes 6 1/4 lb 700 sq Excellent design serious aerobatic pilot Terrific vertical performance Fly smooth aerobatic routines st constant slow medium speeds assistant set work third pusher finished early September thanks professional-quality molds allowed pair turn out major components almost rapidly model parts can molded Partly because number compromises prototype proven swift Miller built craft exclusively racing rather sport flying just 18 inches fuselage four inches narrower its predecessor also shorter 61/2 lower forcing pilot sit floor pointed nose novel funnel-shaped spinner wingspan remained 15 ft 9 wing area 663 sq ft landing gear also unchanged aluminum core wrapped graphite main gear legs steel tube-within-tube nose gear leg Just days after first took air No 14 Pushy Cat its baptism fire September 1987 Reno Air Races Miller qualified fourth 226 mph turned 233 mph championship race cut scatter pylon dropping score 224 mph third-place finish Despite limited testing shiny new racer clearly no bugs San Diego later year Miller second finals 2305 mph Never before new racer leapt out blocks such impressive fashion May 1988 again San Diego Miller won two major races consecutive week ends first 2276 mph second 2297 mph Capping victory Albuquerque New Mexico headed Reno three straight wins airplane barely year old No swept season big races since late Bill Falck No 92 Rivets decade earlier Miller raced against Falck times about try 11015 66th St MiraLoma CA 91752 23 Formula Ones field Reno 1988 big 12 pilots qualifying over 215 mph also fast Wealthy young Alan Preston fastest 2462 mph Formula record lap Miller second 2367 mph Preston took first heat race 2378 mph Millers 2340 mph second heat Miller nudged closer turning 2346 mph Prestons 2362 Miller patiently tuned engine special conditions Renos 5000-foot elevation neartotal lack humidityand hoped best Miller knew two problems Preston less ideal propeller prop 73-inch pitch rather optimal 75 inches giving him 4300-4400 rpm would have preferred about 4200 maximum thrust no ever has raced Reno everything set perfectly Miller knew work 73-inch propeller no way swap props anyone else Continued page 203 Order Direct 1 900 243-3384 -oe AC sATICS OIity.. Pert ormanca OVERLAND CA 00233 233 AT T{ TOrtES 0003053 FAX 00 208 1023 August 1991 197 Bill Effinge * says Only Plan n Patterevo Sets give assurled desrgnn want have selected bent tiaxoic designs time tar choose frem patterns tar esuh part important exclusive feature 4 -cur Ducted Fans Navy F4D-1 Skyray 1/h noel ength 48% mieg epoen 4%-it oh 8/C axtlbin Landing Gear RCD2829 1 eseIn ength 32/hmingepan3AfbmlxR/C 3-5 uh RIC RK-20 end RE-720 fane SCOFfff990 One-Third Scale Piper Tn-Pacer PA-22 ffh-3/8mingepae 2388 eq ix wing nine 2t xx 30 uld enginne Per 4-Sub If/C ex 12 81-118 overall fenath RC3S-382990 Tfr13Scale $2990 8C3S22030 dog Quarter Scale WWI 80 wing spax e 2220 eq wing area 781022 engines OCOS- 8 SPAD C-XIII 79 % span 0 sq wing orca e 131031 engines Capable flyer captures imagination RCOS-8 5 FOKKER DR-i TRIPLANE 72 wing spao sq iv wing area 78 tx 150 engines OCOSOI 5 SOPWITH CAMEL F1 ~ je 84 wieg span 0 sq iv wing area 11 lbs wlx 8/C woxd Er balse construction 00cr Oh sq h dr8wiegs OCOSi 1 02490F1 Fokker 0-ViIW 00 wingsyau 2220 sq iv wing area 90-25 cid engine r OCOSh 5 1/4 Scale WACO D 1930s Commerciail4 MNftary Export 098 wingspan 02088 wing wee 078% lengthel2 lbs 48/Cub Engine Sloe 1 223 ClarhV Airfoil Section e-Plo-wood removable engine onit h-Moxeted Landing Itear IRCOS-t81 82788 IPibergiase Cowl Wheel Pgnts & Pairing Analighiel Poll-elan plgen mm see xl last xl upov-uuulxpit Winos ovd mxnt beoxtiful bi plane nemi-ollipOuul wings Plots chow both military red coermotulal uotnxns MONOCOUPE NA 128 Wingspan 82 Ongrall Length 2180 ng Wing Arne Por 20 35 CID Engines RC3S-4 ill Effinget Foonding Momber AMA NEFO staff Fewer Privos ala fur curnulern ulacs sub asservblu Er detailed cults lists PLEASE ADD $388 rut shipping welling tobol 5o 1901 Plan Sole Illuchura Itotondable uc 0cc first urderli WE TECHNICAL SERVICES Rt 1 Box 2900A Santa Rosa Beach FL 32459 Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 197 final race eight laps around 5-kin 311-mile six-pylon oval course About 50000 fans watching having attended Reno races good part 25-year history quite knowledgeable Just first two heats Miller got Pushy Cat off ground first thanks its 508-pound empty weight minimum size As Preston came down short main stretch begin first lap Miller solid lead again previous heats Prestonts No 44 Shoestring Sitting Duck bore down Miller steadily reducing gap between laps clicked got within hundred feet Miller sat awhile both streaked along better 240 mph maybe 50 feet off deck Both taking pylons close rules common sense would permit time Preston wasnt getting closer Suddenly between pylons two three fifth lap Preston began gaining Miller soon passed him apparent ease others began overtake pusher obvious something seriously wrong little yellow racer pulled out up over 1988 Miller wasted no time crying over spilt milk 1989 already shaping up big year Formula ready Once again action West beginning Albuquerque New Mexico second week June Miller edged Preston almost half-second time trials lost him whisker heat race finals Miller leading fourth lap reported speed almost 250 mph again forced out mechanical problems allowing Preston win 248 mph trip out West disappointment Miller recouped losses miniature version National Air Races traditional Labor Day SIG GLOW FUEL perior Igniters Improve starting idle acceleration J Youll notice power bargain fuels * Special Detergents Promote clean burning prevent residue buildup * Rust Inhibitors Protect engines corrosion After * run oil needed engines Film Strength Additives Increase lubricity provide extra lean run protection * Anti-Wear Additives Help keep engines running peak performance longer * Satisfaction Guaranteed FREE SHIPPING ON ORDERS OVER $1500 CHAMPION 2-STROK FUEL PINT QUART GALLON 00/0 Nitromethane $995 5% Nitromethane $325$495$1195 100/a Nitromethafle $395$535$1395 15% Nitromethane $395$625$1595 25% Nitromethane $495$795$2095 350/0 Nitromethane $595$895$2595 SIG PREMIUM 4-STROKE FUEL 10o/a 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Weeks delivery se print carefullyEnclosed $ ____________________ NAME____________________ AMA No_______ ET 0 0 CITY lL -52 STATE _______________________ ZIP _________________ 204 Model Aviation weekend Cleveland Preston absent contest Miller things own waythe other nine entrants easy pickings took time trials three-mile course tame 225 mph heat 207 mphmaking race look competitive battled high winds win finals about 184 mph speed best approximate Some pylon boats broken loose floating around Lake Erie making impossible know exact length course whether varied over two consecutive laps So far 1989 frustrating year Miller knew airplane fast could fly racecourse yet getting less impressive results Hed have give Reno best shot Twenty-seven Formula Ones showed up desert plateau break Miller Alan Preston arrived too late qualifyand promptly retired racing Jon Sharp brand-new Grove-built all-composite long-winged Boyd Blue Streak surprise winner time trials 242548 mph followed closely eleven-time winner Ray Cote Owl Racer Alley Cat 242285 mph Millers 238975 mph modest comparison put him third first heat race Miller set speed record 243544 mph leaving Sharp Cote almost mile behind second heat too finals suffered reversal 229945 mph two seconds behind Cotes winning 231251 As 1989 began Miller verge great things now seemed farther away ever make matters worse first pusher Texas Gem renamed Puffin then-owner Errol Roberson came apart violent air during heat race Reno killing Roberson second fatal accident Miller pusher Reno 1990 23 Formula Ones qualified Jim Bumford first 244081 mph composite racer much like led time trials previous year Miller second 241553 mph Hep Porter third Shoestring Alan Preston raced successfully fast heat races went Miller 230187 232548 mph time Miller hung onto edge championship heat beating Porter too familiar Shoestring scant halfsecond over 25-mile course final scores 237405 mph 237084 mph After decades trying Jim Miller succeeded proving radical design could hold its own traditional race planes beat fans went wild Signs proclaiming Its Miller Time blossomed over pit area 28th annual National Championship Air Races will held September 12-15 1991 Reno would-be Formula champions find themselves haunted image Pushy Catin rear viewD

The No 14 Pushy Cat Jim Miller flew victory 1990 Rena Air Races Millers third pusher prototype Pushy Cat built 1987 purely racing completing transition earlier variants blended sport plane racer fuselage made narrower shorter lower forcing pilot sit floor needle nose became pointed novel funnel-shaped spinner used WHEN HE BEGAN racing Cleveland Goodyear midget cut-down Luscombe wings Jim Miller showed no signs eventually becoming innovative designer/builder sport airplane racing has yet seen Back 1949 Miller could get away borrowing parts other airplanes course didnt win races slow midget racers field idiosyncrasies like fabric-covered wings less ideal airfoils werent handicapping might think crude cowlings completely exposed wheels awkward configurations planes flown Millers rivals simply didnt belong racecourse 1940s planes won races designed built men considerable racing experience engineering know-how formally acquired August 1991 93 Close-up rear No 14 Pushy Cat showing unusual spinner pusher prop umiacripumot Jim mimier poses wiin radical-design racer Having cockpit practically nose gives pilot extra-good view racecourse Two clean simple airplanes designed Steve Wittman Buster Bonzo won over half first years races sophisticated all-metal Cosmic Winds Tony LeVier & Associates won others Trailing along behind guys like Jimniy Miller No 14 Little Gem guys learning race having fun doing Some learned enough justify sticking dropped out theyd enough frustration replaced another crop rookies Its discouraging watch same people pick up trophies checks year after year Miller stayed 190 Cubic Inch class midget racers through 1960 improving airplane bit bit hit eastern midwestern races home Fort Wayne Indiana 1957 replaced plywood-covered second wing beautifully crafted all-aluminum own design netting gain speed immediately vaulted him championship bracket won Fort Wayne 1959 again 1960 clocking 199 mph 200 mph respectively midair collision took lives Charley Bishop Jim Rice era air racing came end Both pilots popular enthusiasm organizing small races minimal purses already weakened couldnt survive loss America saw no pylon racing three years sport revived Reno Nevada 1964 Little Gem Miller sold airplane retired competition Bob Porter flew racer victory two years row speed 193 mph 1964 202 mph 1965 craft bought Bob Downey renamed Ole Tiger consistently finished among winners next decade meantime Jim Miller relocated Texas began designing building selling molded fiberglass cowlings fairings KCt 2 94 Model Aviation Looking inside cockpit Jim millers NO 14 Pushy Cat WY Part cowling has removed show Continental four-cylinder engine Millers first pusher-prop racer prototype Texas Gem began canard-wing design shroud prop Completed 1973 used vacuum-molded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglassan exotic material its dayover conventional welded steel tube structure Close-up Pushy Cats canopy showing artistic stencIling painting factory-built airplanes owners wanted less drag speed manufacturers provided wasnt until 1973 connection air racing became apparent March year Miller test flew little craft would turn out have far greater impact could have imagined what called Formula first however design considered experimental sport plane rather racer well remember first encounter Texas Gem Having heard rumors something unusual going Millers hangar San Antonio persuaded him let very first story whatever causing commotion July 1973 After some casual chatter about what us doing since last met race site Miller excused himself conduct some business suggested go out hangar see myself Walking around light twin-engine undergoing modification came faceto-face what can called streamlined golden sculpture few times professional life stopped cold tracks radical shape near-perfect contours surfaces little airplane completely unexpected Midget racers never particularly daring design years becoming increasingly standardized its main wing rear canard surface front Jim Millers needle-nosed little beauty anything fact well ahead its timeBurt Rutan yet popularize tail-first designs Millers plane pusher propeller surrounded tight-fitting shroud wing tail fuselage much too smooth metal wood nowcommon foam fiberglass exotic composites still future home-built airplanes Miller soon walked out see what happening answer expected flood questions least Whats metalsmith doing building something like explained new airplane called Texas Gem conventional welded steel tube structure otherwise built much like modification kits vacuummolded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglass knew value modem technique knew use best advantage Let others build aircraft way grandfathers After years observing conventional midget racers borrowed liberally Steve Wittmans designs Miller created work art breath fresh air wings tail swapped places prop engine behind pilot cockpit practically nose pilot benefited Continued page 195 -4 SECTION A-A 5 5 5 SECTION B-B COLOR SCHEME ENTIRE AIRPLANE IS LIGHT YELLOW WITH STRIPES AND MARKINGS AS SHOWN IS 9 BLUE STRIPE j RED CATBLUEBLACK7 BROWNS WHITEREDGRAY ENLARGED VIEW OF EMBLEM U BLUE SEE ENLARGED VIEW BLUE STRIPE /9 ORANGE STRIPE BLUEORANGE DI234567 B SCALE IN FEET MILLER SPECIAL JM-2ROAERT / GROUND LINE August 1991 95 Miller used o eliminated shroud puiuer prop High-Lift/Lennon Continued page 81 used Harrier wing Probably simplest way actuate flaps flexible cable Nyrod shown diagram sort belicrank-and-rod arrangement frequently used operate ailerons would also job using cables sure anchor sheath ends securely support sheath its passage through rib keeps sheath buckling under load Recommended dimensions deflection maximum lift coefficient values both types flaps tabulated below FigPercent ofAngle ofCL NoTypeWing Chord DeflectionValues 17 SlottedInternal25%400220 Hinge 18 SlottedExternal25%400240 Hinge Leading edge fixed slots fixed leading edge slot provides additional incremental C[ max 04 stall angle eight degrees higher Thus wing both full-span leading edge fixed slots full-span internally hinged slotted flaps would generate CL total 220 plus 040 260 Leading edge slots promote effective aileron response high angles attack because acceleration air passing location forward ailerons Figure 3 shows design suggested construction leading edge fixed slots using balsa strips sanded shape Note conical shape slot Used full span Crane slots benefited model greatly see photo hand-tested before leaving factoiy best-in-the e J Pm Dax THE wdDx CO#4NECflON oryso doftynir local hobby shop cat FREE GloBee FlyOr St IndIanapolIs IN 48231 Phoee3174394579 FAX 317439-8928 increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will generate CL max basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will C generate L ma basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge Using Harrier wing example Flapped wing area 356 sq x CLmax 2 40 Unflapped area drooped leading edge 220 sq inxCLmax 1202308 Total area 576 sq Total CL max 4 CL 1162 202 Because increased lift drag induce increase nose-down negative pitching moment types flaps cause marked change trim deployed recommended elevators comprising least 40% horizontal tail plane area installed counter pitching action permit flaring model touches down ground effect Try slotted flaps next model Theyll add realism performance appearance Youll have better-looking craft gives fun variety airEl Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 95 unusually good view racecourse Although Texas Gem standard 100-hp 135 hp racing rpm Continued page 196 Leading edge droop NASA development recently introduced fullscale lightplanes help prevent often fatal low-altitude stalls As Figure 3 shows droop occupies outboard 38% wing leading edge sharp corners between drooped undrooped portions produce chordwise vortex effectively separates inner outer panels higher angles attack drooped portion behaves like very low aspect ratio wing substantially increasing both stall angle effectiveness ailerons results additional increase CL 02 10-degree-higher angle attack flying three models incorporating drooped leading edge found craft sometimes forced spin after two turns spin changed fast spiral dive ended instantly neutralized controls maximwn coefficient lift combination high-lift devices can determined few easy calculations flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures Add realism ScaleWeightPrice A1/84oz$20 B1/66oz$25 C1/57112oz$25 01/5l2oz$25 E1/423oz$30 Scale precision-molded resin radial engines Front half intended cowled applications Easily detailed about 90 mm see photos C&D aluminum tubing scrap wire spray paint Looks great adds nose weight too fitting purposes up 20% diameter may trimmed affecting overall look Check Money Order Visa Master Card Frank Tiane Enierprises S&H included15300 ESTANCIA LANE WEST PALM BEACH FL 33414 TEL 407-795-6600 FAX 407-795-6677 August 1991 195 Diameter Cylinders 53/49 71/49 83/45 83/49 111/49 WHY SHOULD BUY GLOBEE GLOW Ywre kmldng 111K ANSWER ZAPADAPAGOOTM new purpose adhesive & sealant bonds virtually anything everything. better HOUSE OF BALSA 10101 Yucca Road Adelanto CA92301 619- 246-6462 ROBART PO Box 247 St Charles IL 601 74 708-584-7616 FRANK TIANO ENTERPRISES 15300 Estancia Lane West Palm Beach FL 33414 407- 795-6600 four-cylinder Continental 0-200 engine 66 square feet wing area fixed-pitch propeller nonretracting landing gear demanded class rules resemblance other 100-plus midget racersor matter anything another classended course stage Gem wasnt fully racer As Miller explained designed Formula specifications testing purposes see would compare conventionaldesign airplanes same size power mind sport plane would exploit new materials new shape pusher propeller surrounded shroud safetyto increase efficiency visibility ZAP ZAP registered trademark PACER TECHNOLOGY reducing noise heat pilot Begun 1971 Millers original pusher prototype first flew 1973 after year half work help others Texas Gem saw its first race June 1974 Evansville Indiana Though wasnt pure racer idea measure against thoroughbreds Alan Frazee qualified Gem 1826 mph placed fifth consolation race 1846 after cutting pylon Reno year veteran Formula racer Jim Wilson flew new machine reported didnt care way felt claiming wanted tuck its nose under during tight turn short order changes began appear four-cylinder engine vibrated shook much impossible work out sufficiently tight fit prop shroud After series modifications long-chord short-chord shrouds variant grooved prop tips failed produce desired effect Miller gave up shroud altogether also replaced canard surface slighfly conventional T-tail canard didnt control right Miller explained funny feel it wasnt large enough load airplane make stable flew much better elevator rear change came greater speed controllability little sport plane becoming racer Miller flew Mojave California 1975 placing seventh 194 mphthe best ever pusher-prop racer hardly great threat really fast ones first race 15 years Miller continued make small changesand gain speed Cleveland 1977 turned 207 mph finishing fourth Mexicali Mexico early 1978 again fourth time 226 mph fast course Back Cleveland qualified 223 mph went win championship race 233 mph After four busy years flying testing modifying retesting racing Jim Miller won major race radical-design racer something no 70-year history air racing done before Eager experience Miller raced often possible flying four races 1979 1980 1979 despite wide variations course length winds never slower 215 mph following years races West Miller placed fifth San Diego California fourth consolation race Reno wasnt yet __ Give yourself time air FUEL WIZZARDTM __ Worlds Most Convenient Pumps Both Fills largest model fuel tanks seconds FAST stroke uel Allfuelsafe-gloworgas Durable long life Ready use out box year warranty parts workmanship Thousands satisfied users See local dealer call Toll Free 1 800 5338543 Visa Mastercard accepted SWEEN id Products ox 8300 nkato MN 56002 FUEL WIZZARD Model 2 #7602 $1850 Fuels defuels same fast rate Mounted gallon metal can legal gasoline 196 Model Aviation FUEL WIZZARD #7601$850 Fits gallon fuel bottles 1 V2 feet Life Time Fuel Tubing included consistent winner Texas Gem proving among dependable faster airplanes remained flying test bed Millers great store ideas 1981 Miller placed fifth Reno championship race 216 mph following year won Petersburg Virginia 223 mph moved up fourth place Reno next two years saw big cutback air racing schedule time flew Gem Reno 1983 finished disappointing seventh because cutting several pylons Miller replaced outer skins graphite converted plane two-seater eventual kit production mind repainted bright red airplane cream red trim same year began construction second pusher design geared primarily toward racing Though clearly same stable Gem 260 featured number small innovations Miller flew 1984 Lowers Baker-Falck 500-mile speed/efficiency competition Fond du Lac Wisconsin might have bested usually unbeatable J Smith AJ-2 navigational error reclaimed some honor following day clocking 22941 mph set FM 100-km speed record class After seven years record still stands few weeks later misfortune struck September 1 1984 veteran race pilot Chuck Andrews practicing Gem 260 preparatory racing Reno Whether because overrevved engine another reason blades broke off wooden propeller resulting vibration shook airplane apart Andrews died crash 1985 things began look up Miller won series three midwestern races Detroit 216 mph Cleveland 221 mph Columbus Ohio 209 mph went finish third Reno clocking 221 mph During period Miller experimented handmade pusher racing propellers trying two- four-bladed models various shapes pitch angles also after long negotiations over point fully covered otherwise detailed specifications Formula got okay pylon racing association retract nose wheel todays rules third wheel can retracted whether its nose tail 1986 Millers final season pioneering No 73 Texas Gem turned 234 mph Minot North Dakota finishing second after qualifying 234 mph came third speed 221 mph Reno Texas Gem unquestionably success Still time move Miller sold airplane Errol Roberson renamed Puffin repainted white light blue trim proceeded go racing March 1987 Miller Pre-built kit $225 Ready finish kit $325 80 90 4-strokes unpiped 60 2-strokes 6 1/4 lb 700 sq Excellent design serious aerobatic pilot Terrific vertical performance Fly smooth aerobatic routines st constant slow medium speeds assistant set work third pusher finished early September thanks professional-quality molds allowed pair turn out major components almost rapidly model parts can molded Partly because number compromises prototype proven swift Miller built craft exclusively racing rather sport flying just 18 inches fuselage four inches narrower its predecessor also shorter 61/2 lower forcing pilot sit floor pointed nose novel funnel-shaped spinner wingspan remained 15 ft 9 wing area 663 sq ft landing gear also unchanged aluminum core wrapped graphite main gear legs steel tube-within-tube nose gear leg Just days after first took air No 14 Pushy Cat its baptism fire September 1987 Reno Air Races Miller qualified fourth 226 mph turned 233 mph championship race cut scatter pylon dropping score 224 mph third-place finish Despite limited testing shiny new racer clearly no bugs San Diego later year Miller second finals 2305 mph Never before new racer leapt out blocks such impressive fashion May 1988 again San Diego Miller won two major races consecutive week ends first 2276 mph second 2297 mph Capping victory Albuquerque New Mexico headed Reno three straight wins airplane barely year old No swept season big races since late Bill Falck No 92 Rivets decade earlier Miller raced against Falck times about try 11015 66th St MiraLoma CA 91752 23 Formula Ones field Reno 1988 big 12 pilots qualifying over 215 mph also fast Wealthy young Alan Preston fastest 2462 mph Formula record lap Miller second 2367 mph Preston took first heat race 2378 mph Millers 2340 mph second heat Miller nudged closer turning 2346 mph Prestons 2362 Miller patiently tuned engine special conditions Renos 5000-foot elevation neartotal lack humidityand hoped best Miller knew two problems Preston less ideal propeller prop 73-inch pitch rather optimal 75 inches giving him 4300-4400 rpm would have preferred about 4200 maximum thrust no ever has raced Reno everything set perfectly Miller knew work 73-inch propeller no way swap props anyone else Continued page 203 Order Direct 1 900 243-3384 -oe AC sATICS OIity.. Pert ormanca OVERLAND CA 00233 233 AT T{ TOrtES 0003053 FAX 00 208 1023 August 1991 197 Bill Effinge * says Only Plan n Patterevo Sets give assurled desrgnn want have selected bent tiaxoic designs time tar choose frem patterns tar esuh part important exclusive feature 4 -cur Ducted Fans Navy F4D-1 Skyray 1/h noel ength 48% mieg epoen 4%-it oh 8/C axtlbin Landing Gear RCD2829 1 eseIn ength 32/hmingepan3AfbmlxR/C 3-5 uh RIC RK-20 end RE-720 fane SCOFfff990 One-Third Scale Piper Tn-Pacer PA-22 ffh-3/8mingepae 2388 eq ix wing nine 2t xx 30 uld enginne Per 4-Sub If/C ex 12 81-118 overall fenath RC3S-382990 Tfr13Scale $2990 8C3S22030 dog Quarter Scale WWI 80 wing spax e 2220 eq wing area 781022 engines OCOS- 8 SPAD C-XIII 79 % span 0 sq wing orca e 131031 engines Capable flyer captures imagination RCOS-8 5 FOKKER DR-i TRIPLANE 72 wing spao sq iv wing area 78 tx 150 engines OCOSOI 5 SOPWITH CAMEL F1 ~ je 84 wieg span 0 sq iv wing area 11 lbs wlx 8/C woxd Er balse construction 00cr Oh sq h dr8wiegs OCOSi 1 02490F1 Fokker 0-ViIW 00 wingsyau 2220 sq iv wing area 90-25 cid engine r OCOSh 5 1/4 Scale WACO D 1930s Commerciail4 MNftary Export 098 wingspan 02088 wing wee 078% lengthel2 lbs 48/Cub Engine Sloe 1 223 ClarhV Airfoil Section e-Plo-wood removable engine onit h-Moxeted Landing Itear IRCOS-t81 82788 IPibergiase Cowl Wheel Pgnts & Pairing Analighiel Poll-elan plgen mm see xl last xl upov-uuulxpit Winos ovd mxnt beoxtiful bi plane nemi-ollipOuul wings Plots chow both military red coermotulal uotnxns MONOCOUPE NA 128 Wingspan 82 Ongrall Length 2180 ng Wing Arne Por 20 35 CID Engines RC3S-4 ill Effinget Foonding Momber AMA NEFO staff Fewer Privos ala fur curnulern ulacs sub asservblu Er detailed cults lists PLEASE ADD $388 rut shipping welling tobol 5o 1901 Plan Sole Illuchura Itotondable uc 0cc first urderli WE TECHNICAL SERVICES Rt 1 Box 2900A Santa Rosa Beach FL 32459 Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 197 final race eight laps around 5-kin 311-mile six-pylon oval course About 50000 fans watching having attended Reno races good part 25-year history quite knowledgeable Just first two heats Miller got Pushy Cat off ground first thanks its 508-pound empty weight minimum size As Preston came down short main stretch begin first lap Miller solid lead again previous heats Prestonts No 44 Shoestring Sitting Duck bore down Miller steadily reducing gap between laps clicked got within hundred feet Miller sat awhile both streaked along better 240 mph maybe 50 feet off deck Both taking pylons close rules common sense would permit time Preston wasnt getting closer Suddenly between pylons two three fifth lap Preston began gaining Miller soon passed him apparent ease others began overtake pusher obvious something seriously wrong little yellow racer pulled out up over 1988 Miller wasted no time crying over spilt milk 1989 already shaping up big year Formula ready Once again action West beginning Albuquerque New Mexico second week June Miller edged Preston almost half-second time trials lost him whisker heat race finals Miller leading fourth lap reported speed almost 250 mph again forced out mechanical problems allowing Preston win 248 mph trip out West disappointment Miller recouped losses miniature version National Air Races traditional Labor Day SIG GLOW FUEL perior Igniters Improve starting idle acceleration J Youll notice power bargain fuels * Special Detergents Promote clean burning prevent residue buildup * Rust Inhibitors Protect engines corrosion After * run oil needed engines Film Strength Additives Increase lubricity provide extra lean run protection * Anti-Wear Additives Help keep engines running peak performance longer * Satisfaction Guaranteed FREE SHIPPING ON ORDERS OVER $1500 CHAMPION 2-STROK FUEL PINT QUART GALLON 00/0 Nitromethane $995 5% Nitromethane $325$495$1195 100/a Nitromethafle $395$535$1395 15% Nitromethane $395$625$1595 25% Nitromethane $495$795$2095 350/0 Nitromethane $595$895$2595 SIG PREMIUM 4-STROKE FUEL 10o/a 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35/40-san power Two plan sheetsS 1360 0No630OrigInal Fly Baby AC Old-Timer spans 72 in. uses 10125 2-cycle 40 4-cycle power 2 plan sheets$ 1150 oNo 641LII Ole RelIable AC Did-Timer sport filer spans SOt/n engines$ 575 No 644Bellanca Columbia AC Schoolyard Scale 2 AC channels engine WinQspan 48 in5 575 No 646WInter Hawk FF Rubber-power Coupe dHiner campetitlan plane spans 47 inS 375 ~No 65047/86 RC SpecIal AC Aerobatic sport plane 40 power opans 61 3 plan sheets5 1075 asNo 652Der Ftedenniaus AC Low-wing sport plane 20125 power spans 55 in5 675 ENo 654Taranecat AC Trainer/sporester slyind like P14 spans 65 40161 power Four plan sheets5 1525 No 655Astroatar FF AMA Class A/B Gas plane spans 67 in. auns 3251350cc power5 800 LdNo 657Super SquIre AC Trainer 35140 2-stroke 53 4-atroke power spans 56 in$ 750 0No 659Boom Box FP Wakefield Asbber compeititon plane spans 54 inS 460 No 661Embry-OmatIc PP Embryo Endurance rebber-power plane spans 20 inS 200 oENo 663Pea Patch AC Sportotur spans 60 in. uses 40160 4-stroke power 2 plan sheets5 900 zas No 664Stub Stunt CL Stuoter iu semiscale spans 37rA in5 500 00No 665Conaclentlous Objector PP Muivihill Auhher compeittios plane opans 56 flat5 575 No 666BlItz AC Sportoter spans 48 in. uses hut 28/32 power 2 plus sheets5 1075 No 667AT-5 CL Semiscale profile Slunter 35/40 power spans 47 in5 575 No 669Rota Raven AC Sailplane unique twist-wing control Spans 76-in Requires eleson mining$ 650 No 671Ceewna CardInal PP Reminder Scale sport tier ihA power spans 39-in$ 575 -o 0-No 672Kmckerjac AC updated nemion pioneer sport plane spans 74-in two plan sheets5 1375 CSQNo 673Caudlmordax Past Combat ship designed 25-32 power Foam wing spans 48-in5 500 No 674Krumpter AC 075-powered Electric semi-scale bi-wisger spans 39-in5 575 No 675BDF-1 PP twin-laded sport tiler tar Con 02 Pee Wee engine spans 25-inS 225 asaNa 678HilIner AC twin-electric high-wing Sport ship designed fume imp-30 motor itas tricycle gear spans 40 in$ 400 ENo 677ThunderbIrd CL 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A-scale biplane 90 power Spans 63-in 3 plan sheets$ 1975 No 660P42B Twin Mustang CL Profile Spottoter twin MWS 25 diesels Spans 48-in 2 plan sheets$ 1050 o No6911927 HL2 PP Scale model 01 Polish homebeilt 0-fl watt motor robber C02 Spans 29-in$ 225 6923 Meter Scooter AC itigh Performance Suilpiune Spans 118-in 2 plun sheets 50 No 693CardInal ClassIc CL Sport Stunter 35 power Spans 50-in$ 575 rcle numbers plans wish order best handling please include re 00 quests payment some other service plans order ~193262310314326332447465 539578581588593598603609 05 I 9620624626628630641644 650652657659661 OW 646654655 00o&E 663664665666667669671672 zzo V--673674675676677678679680 81682683684685686687688 a689690691692693694695696 Plan price includes first class postage US delivery IS Air Mail over 300 miles rders non-US address lease add $250 Air Mail osta e handlin tar Ian Make check money order payable US funds drawn US bank Mode/Aviation AMA 1810 Samuel Morse Reston VA 22090 Please allow 3 6 Weeks delivery se print carefullyEnclosed $ ____________________ NAME____________________ AMA No_______ ET 0 0 CITY lL -52 STATE _______________________ ZIP _________________ 204 Model Aviation weekend Cleveland Preston absent contest Miller things own waythe other nine entrants easy pickings took time trials three-mile course tame 225 mph heat 207 mphmaking race look competitive battled high winds win finals about 184 mph speed best approximate Some pylon boats broken loose floating around Lake Erie making impossible know exact length course whether varied over two consecutive laps So far 1989 frustrating year Miller knew airplane fast could fly racecourse yet getting less impressive results Hed have give Reno best shot Twenty-seven Formula Ones showed up desert plateau break Miller Alan Preston arrived too late qualifyand promptly retired racing Jon Sharp brand-new Grove-built all-composite long-winged Boyd Blue Streak surprise winner time trials 242548 mph followed closely eleven-time winner Ray Cote Owl Racer Alley Cat 242285 mph Millers 238975 mph modest comparison put him third first heat race Miller set speed record 243544 mph leaving Sharp Cote almost mile behind second heat too finals suffered reversal 229945 mph two seconds behind Cotes winning 231251 As 1989 began Miller verge great things now seemed farther away ever make matters worse first pusher Texas Gem renamed Puffin then-owner Errol Roberson came apart violent air during heat race Reno killing Roberson second fatal accident Miller pusher Reno 1990 23 Formula Ones qualified Jim Bumford first 244081 mph composite racer much like led time trials previous year Miller second 241553 mph Hep Porter third Shoestring Alan Preston raced successfully fast heat races went Miller 230187 232548 mph time Miller hung onto edge championship heat beating Porter too familiar Shoestring scant halfsecond over 25-mile course final scores 237405 mph 237084 mph After decades trying Jim Miller succeeded proving radical design could hold its own traditional race planes beat fans went wild Signs proclaiming Its Miller Time blossomed over pit area 28th annual National Championship Air Races will held September 12-15 1991 Reno would-be Formula champions find themselves haunted image Pushy Catin rear viewD

The No 14 Pushy Cat Jim Miller flew victory 1990 Rena Air Races Millers third pusher prototype Pushy Cat built 1987 purely racing completing transition earlier variants blended sport plane racer fuselage made narrower shorter lower forcing pilot sit floor needle nose became pointed novel funnel-shaped spinner used WHEN HE BEGAN racing Cleveland Goodyear midget cut-down Luscombe wings Jim Miller showed no signs eventually becoming innovative designer/builder sport airplane racing has yet seen Back 1949 Miller could get away borrowing parts other airplanes course didnt win races slow midget racers field idiosyncrasies like fabric-covered wings less ideal airfoils werent handicapping might think crude cowlings completely exposed wheels awkward configurations planes flown Millers rivals simply didnt belong racecourse 1940s planes won races designed built men considerable racing experience engineering know-how formally acquired August 1991 93 Close-up rear No 14 Pushy Cat showing unusual spinner pusher prop umiacripumot Jim mimier poses wiin radical-design racer Having cockpit practically nose gives pilot extra-good view racecourse Two clean simple airplanes designed Steve Wittman Buster Bonzo won over half first years races sophisticated all-metal Cosmic Winds Tony LeVier & Associates won others Trailing along behind guys like Jimniy Miller No 14 Little Gem guys learning race having fun doing Some learned enough justify sticking dropped out theyd enough frustration replaced another crop rookies Its discouraging watch same people pick up trophies checks year after year Miller stayed 190 Cubic Inch class midget racers through 1960 improving airplane bit bit hit eastern midwestern races home Fort Wayne Indiana 1957 replaced plywood-covered second wing beautifully crafted all-aluminum own design netting gain speed immediately vaulted him championship bracket won Fort Wayne 1959 again 1960 clocking 199 mph 200 mph respectively midair collision took lives Charley Bishop Jim Rice era air racing came end Both pilots popular enthusiasm organizing small races minimal purses already weakened couldnt survive loss America saw no pylon racing three years sport revived Reno Nevada 1964 Little Gem Miller sold airplane retired competition Bob Porter flew racer victory two years row speed 193 mph 1964 202 mph 1965 craft bought Bob Downey renamed Ole Tiger consistently finished among winners next decade meantime Jim Miller relocated Texas began designing building selling molded fiberglass cowlings fairings KCt 2 94 Model Aviation Looking inside cockpit Jim millers NO 14 Pushy Cat WY Part cowling has removed show Continental four-cylinder engine Millers first pusher-prop racer prototype Texas Gem began canard-wing design shroud prop Completed 1973 used vacuum-molded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglassan exotic material its dayover conventional welded steel tube structure Close-up Pushy Cats canopy showing artistic stencIling painting factory-built airplanes owners wanted less drag speed manufacturers provided wasnt until 1973 connection air racing became apparent March year Miller test flew little craft would turn out have far greater impact could have imagined what called Formula first however design considered experimental sport plane rather racer well remember first encounter Texas Gem Having heard rumors something unusual going Millers hangar San Antonio persuaded him let very first story whatever causing commotion July 1973 After some casual chatter about what us doing since last met race site Miller excused himself conduct some business suggested go out hangar see myself Walking around light twin-engine undergoing modification came faceto-face what can called streamlined golden sculpture few times professional life stopped cold tracks radical shape near-perfect contours surfaces little airplane completely unexpected Midget racers never particularly daring design years becoming increasingly standardized its main wing rear canard surface front Jim Millers needle-nosed little beauty anything fact well ahead its timeBurt Rutan yet popularize tail-first designs Millers plane pusher propeller surrounded tight-fitting shroud wing tail fuselage much too smooth metal wood nowcommon foam fiberglass exotic composites still future home-built airplanes Miller soon walked out see what happening answer expected flood questions least Whats metalsmith doing building something like explained new airplane called Texas Gem conventional welded steel tube structure otherwise built much like modification kits vacuummolded honeycomb-reinforced fiberglass knew value modem technique knew use best advantage Let others build aircraft way grandfathers After years observing conventional midget racers borrowed liberally Steve Wittmans designs Miller created work art breath fresh air wings tail swapped places prop engine behind pilot cockpit practically nose pilot benefited Continued page 195 -4 SECTION A-A 5 5 5 SECTION B-B COLOR SCHEME ENTIRE AIRPLANE IS LIGHT YELLOW WITH STRIPES AND MARKINGS AS SHOWN IS 9 BLUE STRIPE j RED CATBLUEBLACK7 BROWNS WHITEREDGRAY ENLARGED VIEW OF EMBLEM U BLUE SEE ENLARGED VIEW BLUE STRIPE /9 ORANGE STRIPE BLUEORANGE DI234567 B SCALE IN FEET MILLER SPECIAL JM-2ROAERT / GROUND LINE August 1991 95 Miller used o eliminated shroud puiuer prop High-Lift/Lennon Continued page 81 used Harrier wing Probably simplest way actuate flaps flexible cable Nyrod shown diagram sort belicrank-and-rod arrangement frequently used operate ailerons would also job using cables sure anchor sheath ends securely support sheath its passage through rib keeps sheath buckling under load Recommended dimensions deflection maximum lift coefficient values both types flaps tabulated below FigPercent ofAngle ofCL NoTypeWing Chord DeflectionValues 17 SlottedInternal25%400220 Hinge 18 SlottedExternal25%400240 Hinge Leading edge fixed slots fixed leading edge slot provides additional incremental C[ max 04 stall angle eight degrees higher Thus wing both full-span leading edge fixed slots full-span internally hinged slotted flaps would generate CL total 220 plus 040 260 Leading edge slots promote effective aileron response high angles attack because acceleration air passing location forward ailerons Figure 3 shows design suggested construction leading edge fixed slots using balsa strips sanded shape Note conical shape slot Used full span Crane slots benefited model greatly see photo hand-tested before leaving factoiy best-in-the e J Pm Dax THE wdDx CO#4NECflON oryso doftynir local hobby shop cat FREE GloBee FlyOr St IndIanapolIs IN 48231 Phoee3174394579 FAX 317439-8928 increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will generate CL max basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures increase wing area produced flaps already has doneThe unflapped areas will C generate L ma basic wing airfoil leading edge slots add lift increment 04 basic section values Add 02 drooped leading edge Using Harrier wing example Flapped wing area 356 sq x CLmax 2 40 Unflapped area drooped leading edge 220 sq inxCLmax 1202308 Total area 576 sq Total CL max 4 CL 1162 202 Because increased lift drag induce increase nose-down negative pitching moment types flaps cause marked change trim deployed recommended elevators comprising least 40% horizontal tail plane area installed counter pitching action permit flaring model touches down ground effect Try slotted flaps next model Theyll add realism performance appearance Youll have better-looking craft gives fun variety airEl Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 95 unusually good view racecourse Although Texas Gem standard 100-hp 135 hp racing rpm Continued page 196 Leading edge droop NASA development recently introduced fullscale lightplanes help prevent often fatal low-altitude stalls As Figure 3 shows droop occupies outboard 38% wing leading edge sharp corners between drooped undrooped portions produce chordwise vortex effectively separates inner outer panels higher angles attack drooped portion behaves like very low aspect ratio wing substantially increasing both stall angle effectiveness ailerons results additional increase CL 02 10-degree-higher angle attack flying three models incorporating drooped leading edge found craft sometimes forced spin after two turns spin changed fast spiral dive ended instantly neutralized controls maximwn coefficient lift combination high-lift devices can determined few easy calculations flapped areas will develop CL max given table above flaps fully lowered Dont adjust figures Add realism ScaleWeightPrice A1/84oz$20 B1/66oz$25 C1/57112oz$25 01/5l2oz$25 E1/423oz$30 Scale precision-molded resin radial engines Front half intended cowled applications Easily detailed about 90 mm see photos C&D aluminum tubing scrap wire spray paint Looks great adds nose weight too fitting purposes up 20% diameter may trimmed affecting overall look Check Money Order Visa Master Card Frank Tiane Enierprises S&H included15300 ESTANCIA LANE WEST PALM BEACH FL 33414 TEL 407-795-6600 FAX 407-795-6677 August 1991 195 Diameter Cylinders 53/49 71/49 83/45 83/49 111/49 WHY SHOULD BUY GLOBEE GLOW Ywre kmldng 111K ANSWER ZAPADAPAGOOTM new purpose adhesive & sealant bonds virtually anything everything. better HOUSE OF BALSA 10101 Yucca Road Adelanto CA92301 619- 246-6462 ROBART PO Box 247 St Charles IL 601 74 708-584-7616 FRANK TIANO ENTERPRISES 15300 Estancia Lane West Palm Beach FL 33414 407- 795-6600 four-cylinder Continental 0-200 engine 66 square feet wing area fixed-pitch propeller nonretracting landing gear demanded class rules resemblance other 100-plus midget racersor matter anything another classended course stage Gem wasnt fully racer As Miller explained designed Formula specifications testing purposes see would compare conventionaldesign airplanes same size power mind sport plane would exploit new materials new shape pusher propeller surrounded shroud safetyto increase efficiency visibility ZAP ZAP registered trademark PACER TECHNOLOGY reducing noise heat pilot Begun 1971 Millers original pusher prototype first flew 1973 after year half work help others Texas Gem saw its first race June 1974 Evansville Indiana Though wasnt pure racer idea measure against thoroughbreds Alan Frazee qualified Gem 1826 mph placed fifth consolation race 1846 after cutting pylon Reno year veteran Formula racer Jim Wilson flew new machine reported didnt care way felt claiming wanted tuck its nose under during tight turn short order changes began appear four-cylinder engine vibrated shook much impossible work out sufficiently tight fit prop shroud After series modifications long-chord short-chord shrouds variant grooved prop tips failed produce desired effect Miller gave up shroud altogether also replaced canard surface slighfly conventional T-tail canard didnt control right Miller explained funny feel it wasnt large enough load airplane make stable flew much better elevator rear change came greater speed controllability little sport plane becoming racer Miller flew Mojave California 1975 placing seventh 194 mphthe best ever pusher-prop racer hardly great threat really fast ones first race 15 years Miller continued make small changesand gain speed Cleveland 1977 turned 207 mph finishing fourth Mexicali Mexico early 1978 again fourth time 226 mph fast course Back Cleveland qualified 223 mph went win championship race 233 mph After four busy years flying testing modifying retesting racing Jim Miller won major race radical-design racer something no 70-year history air racing done before Eager experience Miller raced often possible flying four races 1979 1980 1979 despite wide variations course length winds never slower 215 mph following years races West Miller placed fifth San Diego California fourth consolation race Reno wasnt yet __ Give yourself time air FUEL WIZZARDTM __ Worlds Most Convenient Pumps Both Fills largest model fuel tanks seconds FAST stroke uel Allfuelsafe-gloworgas Durable long life Ready use out box year warranty parts workmanship Thousands satisfied users See local dealer call Toll Free 1 800 5338543 Visa Mastercard accepted SWEEN id Products ox 8300 nkato MN 56002 FUEL WIZZARD Model 2 #7602 $1850 Fuels defuels same fast rate Mounted gallon metal can legal gasoline 196 Model Aviation FUEL WIZZARD #7601$850 Fits gallon fuel bottles 1 V2 feet Life Time Fuel Tubing included consistent winner Texas Gem proving among dependable faster airplanes remained flying test bed Millers great store ideas 1981 Miller placed fifth Reno championship race 216 mph following year won Petersburg Virginia 223 mph moved up fourth place Reno next two years saw big cutback air racing schedule time flew Gem Reno 1983 finished disappointing seventh because cutting several pylons Miller replaced outer skins graphite converted plane two-seater eventual kit production mind repainted bright red airplane cream red trim same year began construction second pusher design geared primarily toward racing Though clearly same stable Gem 260 featured number small innovations Miller flew 1984 Lowers Baker-Falck 500-mile speed/efficiency competition Fond du Lac Wisconsin might have bested usually unbeatable J Smith AJ-2 navigational error reclaimed some honor following day clocking 22941 mph set FM 100-km speed record class After seven years record still stands few weeks later misfortune struck September 1 1984 veteran race pilot Chuck Andrews practicing Gem 260 preparatory racing Reno Whether because overrevved engine another reason blades broke off wooden propeller resulting vibration shook airplane apart Andrews died crash 1985 things began look up Miller won series three midwestern races Detroit 216 mph Cleveland 221 mph Columbus Ohio 209 mph went finish third Reno clocking 221 mph During period Miller experimented handmade pusher racing propellers trying two- four-bladed models various shapes pitch angles also after long negotiations over point fully covered otherwise detailed specifications Formula got okay pylon racing association retract nose wheel todays rules third wheel can retracted whether its nose tail 1986 Millers final season pioneering No 73 Texas Gem turned 234 mph Minot North Dakota finishing second after qualifying 234 mph came third speed 221 mph Reno Texas Gem unquestionably success Still time move Miller sold airplane Errol Roberson renamed Puffin repainted white light blue trim proceeded go racing March 1987 Miller Pre-built kit $225 Ready finish kit $325 80 90 4-strokes unpiped 60 2-strokes 6 1/4 lb 700 sq Excellent design serious aerobatic pilot Terrific vertical performance Fly smooth aerobatic routines st constant slow medium speeds assistant set work third pusher finished early September thanks professional-quality molds allowed pair turn out major components almost rapidly model parts can molded Partly because number compromises prototype proven swift Miller built craft exclusively racing rather sport flying just 18 inches fuselage four inches narrower its predecessor also shorter 61/2 lower forcing pilot sit floor pointed nose novel funnel-shaped spinner wingspan remained 15 ft 9 wing area 663 sq ft landing gear also unchanged aluminum core wrapped graphite main gear legs steel tube-within-tube nose gear leg Just days after first took air No 14 Pushy Cat its baptism fire September 1987 Reno Air Races Miller qualified fourth 226 mph turned 233 mph championship race cut scatter pylon dropping score 224 mph third-place finish Despite limited testing shiny new racer clearly no bugs San Diego later year Miller second finals 2305 mph Never before new racer leapt out blocks such impressive fashion May 1988 again San Diego Miller won two major races consecutive week ends first 2276 mph second 2297 mph Capping victory Albuquerque New Mexico headed Reno three straight wins airplane barely year old No swept season big races since late Bill Falck No 92 Rivets decade earlier Miller raced against Falck times about try 11015 66th St MiraLoma CA 91752 23 Formula Ones field Reno 1988 big 12 pilots qualifying over 215 mph also fast Wealthy young Alan Preston fastest 2462 mph Formula record lap Miller second 2367 mph Preston took first heat race 2378 mph Millers 2340 mph second heat Miller nudged closer turning 2346 mph Prestons 2362 Miller patiently tuned engine special conditions Renos 5000-foot elevation neartotal lack humidityand hoped best Miller knew two problems Preston less ideal propeller prop 73-inch pitch rather optimal 75 inches giving him 4300-4400 rpm would have preferred about 4200 maximum thrust no ever has raced Reno everything set perfectly Miller knew work 73-inch propeller no way swap props anyone else Continued page 203 Order Direct 1 900 243-3384 -oe AC sATICS OIity.. Pert ormanca OVERLAND CA 00233 233 AT T{ TOrtES 0003053 FAX 00 208 1023 August 1991 197 Bill Effinge * says Only Plan n Patterevo Sets give assurled desrgnn want have selected bent tiaxoic designs time tar choose frem patterns tar esuh part important exclusive feature 4 -cur Ducted Fans Navy F4D-1 Skyray 1/h noel ength 48% mieg epoen 4%-it oh 8/C axtlbin Landing Gear RCD2829 1 eseIn ength 32/hmingepan3AfbmlxR/C 3-5 uh RIC RK-20 end RE-720 fane SCOFfff990 One-Third Scale Piper Tn-Pacer PA-22 ffh-3/8mingepae 2388 eq ix wing nine 2t xx 30 uld enginne Per 4-Sub If/C ex 12 81-118 overall fenath RC3S-382990 Tfr13Scale $2990 8C3S22030 dog Quarter Scale WWI 80 wing spax e 2220 eq wing area 781022 engines OCOS- 8 SPAD C-XIII 79 % span 0 sq wing orca e 131031 engines Capable flyer captures imagination RCOS-8 5 FOKKER DR-i TRIPLANE 72 wing spao sq iv wing area 78 tx 150 engines OCOSOI 5 SOPWITH CAMEL F1 ~ je 84 wieg span 0 sq iv wing area 11 lbs wlx 8/C woxd Er balse construction 00cr Oh sq h dr8wiegs OCOSi 1 02490F1 Fokker 0-ViIW 00 wingsyau 2220 sq iv wing area 90-25 cid engine r OCOSh 5 1/4 Scale WACO D 1930s Commerciail4 MNftary Export 098 wingspan 02088 wing wee 078% lengthel2 lbs 48/Cub Engine Sloe 1 223 ClarhV Airfoil Section e-Plo-wood removable engine onit h-Moxeted Landing Itear IRCOS-t81 82788 IPibergiase Cowl Wheel Pgnts & Pairing Analighiel Poll-elan plgen mm see xl last xl upov-uuulxpit Winos ovd mxnt beoxtiful bi plane nemi-ollipOuul wings Plots chow both military red coermotulal uotnxns MONOCOUPE NA 128 Wingspan 82 Ongrall Length 2180 ng Wing Arne Por 20 35 CID Engines RC3S-4 ill Effinget Foonding Momber AMA NEFO staff Fewer Privos ala fur curnulern ulacs sub asservblu Er detailed cults lists PLEASE ADD $388 rut shipping welling tobol 5o 1901 Plan Sole Illuchura Itotondable uc 0cc first urderli WE TECHNICAL SERVICES Rt 1 Box 2900A Santa Rosa Beach FL 32459 Pushy Cat/Towers Continued page 197 final race eight laps around 5-kin 311-mile six-pylon oval course About 50000 fans watching having attended Reno races good part 25-year history quite knowledgeable Just first two heats Miller got Pushy Cat off ground first thanks its 508-pound empty weight minimum size As Preston came down short main stretch begin first lap Miller solid lead again previous heats Prestonts No 44 Shoestring Sitting Duck bore down Miller steadily reducing gap between laps clicked got within hundred feet Miller sat awhile both streaked along better 240 mph maybe 50 feet off deck Both taking pylons close rules common sense would permit time Preston wasnt getting closer Suddenly between pylons two three fifth lap Preston began gaining Miller soon passed him apparent ease others began overtake pusher obvious something seriously wrong little yellow racer pulled out up over 1988 Miller wasted no time crying over spilt milk 1989 already shaping up big year Formula ready Once again action West beginning Albuquerque New Mexico second week June Miller edged Preston almost half-second time trials lost him whisker heat race finals Miller leading fourth lap reported speed almost 250 mph again forced out mechanical problems allowing Preston win 248 mph trip out West disappointment Miller recouped losses miniature version National Air Races traditional Labor Day SIG GLOW FUEL perior Igniters Improve starting idle acceleration J Youll notice power bargain fuels * Special Detergents Promote clean burning prevent residue buildup * Rust Inhibitors Protect engines corrosion After * run oil needed engines Film Strength Additives Increase lubricity provide extra lean run protection * Anti-Wear Additives Help keep engines running peak performance longer * Satisfaction Guaranteed FREE SHIPPING ON ORDERS OVER $1500 CHAMPION 2-STROK FUEL PINT QUART GALLON 00/0 Nitromethane $995 5% Nitromethane $325$495$1195 100/a Nitromethafle $395$535$1395 15% Nitromethane $395$625$1595 25% Nitromethane $495$795$2095 350/0 Nitromethane $595$895$2595 SIG PREMIUM 4-STROKE FUEL 10o/a 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Cat$225 FF P-30 Class AMA Senior record holder Spans 31-in No 193StIletto CL Stont model McDonald winner 1976 1980 1982 FAI Worid Champs$ 375 No262Crashmaster CL Crash-proof trainer two oizea1W30 35/40 power5 125 No 3101930 Fleet Biplane AC Sport Scale 35/40 4-channel WIngspan 56 1/n scale Two streetsS 625 No 314Drake II RC Ken Willards flying boat 3-channel 15-power Fly tram land remonable gear$ 375 No 326Taylor Cub AC Don Srdls Schoolyard-Scale tar 049s 2-3 channel Spons 50 in5 350 No 332Zephyr AC Small 2-channel glider hand-lausch tow thermal slope soaring$ 200 No 447112A MIea Amertow AC Old-Timer Tesaca model tar 049 glow 2-channelsS 650 No 485Blue Max II AC Fan-fly oporister 40-arm engiees spano 52 Lightweight structore$ 700 No 539SImIlar Slow-MotIon 15 RC Tailless tying wing 15 engineo spano 60 uses 3-ch RCS 350 No 578Schwelzer 1-26B AC Quarter-scale Sailplane apana 125 Two plan sheets$ 1475 No 581Gee Bee Model Y AC Golden Age Racer spans 72 iA scale br 60 power Three plan sheetsS 1175 No 588Martah AC Slope-Soaring Sailplane spans 41 in. uses 2 AC channelsS 425 No 693Taylorcralt AC Sport Scale lightplane bailds standard 2-placer chpped-wng air show atanter Spans either 70 oor 58/ 30140 two-atreke 40/48 four-stroke engine Two plan sheets decowentationS 1060 0No 598Coronet 150 AC-Assist DId-Timer enlarged 150th spots 72 ases 40-size 4-stroked 30-size 2-otrokeS 050 No 603Sparrow Hawk P30 FF Competition robber-power plane won 87 Nato Spans 30 in5 225 No 609Taperwlng AC Pylon Racer spans 29/a Plan plus parts template sheetS 660 0No 619KeIth Rider R4 FF Scale Golden Age racer tibber power spans 16 in5 300 No 620GImlet 40 AC Sport/Pattem plane spoon 60 in. 40150 engine 2 sheets5 1100 V-No624Keleher Lark AC Quarler-acale homebuit opano 60 60190 4-stroke power 2 plan sheets doc5 1100 0CNo 626Sweepee AC Sport/Psoern canards forward-swept wing spans 64 in. uses 40 power f2 plan shoetsS 1360 Co -~No 628PrIme Cut AC Sport/Aerobatic plane spans 90 ones Qoadra 35/40-san power Two plan sheetsS 1360 0No630OrigInal Fly Baby AC Old-Timer spans 72 in. uses 10125 2-cycle 40 4-cycle power 2 plan sheets$ 1150 oNo 641LII Ole RelIable AC Did-Timer sport filer spans SOt/n engines$ 575 No 644Bellanca Columbia AC Schoolyard Scale 2 AC channels engine WinQspan 48 in5 575 No 646WInter Hawk FF Rubber-power Coupe dHiner campetitlan plane spans 47 inS 375 ~No 65047/86 RC SpecIal AC Aerobatic sport plane 40 power opans 61 3 plan sheets5 1075 asNo 652Der Ftedenniaus AC Low-wing sport plane 20125 power spans 55 in5 675 ENo 654Taranecat AC Trainer/sporester slyind like P14 spans 65 40161 power Four plan sheets5 1525 No 655Astroatar FF AMA Class A/B Gas plane spans 67 in. auns 3251350cc power5 800 LdNo 657Super SquIre AC Trainer 35140 2-stroke 53 4-atroke power spans 56 in$ 750 0No 659Boom Box FP Wakefield Asbber compeititon plane spans 54 inS 460 No 661Embry-OmatIc PP Embryo Endurance rebber-power plane spans 20 inS 200 oENo 663Pea Patch AC Sportotur spans 60 in. uses 40160 4-stroke power 2 plan sheets5 900 zas No 664Stub Stunt CL Stuoter iu semiscale spans 37rA in5 500 00No 665Conaclentlous Objector PP Muivihill Auhher compeittios plane opans 56 flat5 575 No 666BlItz AC Sportoter spans 48 in. uses hut 28/32 power 2 plus sheets5 1075 No 667AT-5 CL Semiscale profile Slunter 35/40 power spans 47 in5 575 No 669Rota Raven AC Sailplane unique twist-wing control Spans 76-in Requires eleson mining$ 650 No 671Ceewna CardInal PP Reminder Scale sport tier ihA power spans 39-in$ 575 -o 0-No 672Kmckerjac AC updated nemion pioneer sport plane spans 74-in two plan sheets5 1375 CSQNo 673Caudlmordax Past Combat ship designed 25-32 power Foam wing spans 48-in5 500 No 674Krumpter AC 075-powered Electric semi-scale bi-wisger spans 39-in5 575 No 675BDF-1 PP twin-laded sport tiler tar Con 02 Pee Wee engine spans 25-inS 225 asaNa 678HilIner AC twin-electric high-wing Sport ship designed fume imp-30 motor itas tricycle gear spans 40 in$ 400 ENo 677ThunderbIrd CL Stanter 20-35 power Two plan oheets drawn original 1602 Veco kit Spans 54 in$ 075 0No 678Bean Box PP West Coast Bostnniao Outdoor design Spans 16 in$ 150 No679Big Bingot Large AC Sportoter spans 05 120-24 power two plan sheets5 1700 No 660Belleeva Winner Russian PAl CL Combat ship spans 47 in$ 475 C0No 6811969 Bade BD4 PP Robber Scale model spans 18 in5 325 -0Na 682B T VIntage Trainer AC Reminder-Scale Sportoter 20-size engines Spans 47 Two plan sheets$ 1150 No 683Michaeia Muatang CL Sport Scale P-Si engines Spans 21 in$ 325 Na 664Steggerwlng Beech 3-Channel AC Schoolyard-Scale hi-wing Sportster 049 power Spans 32-rnS 375 020No 685Akro-Bet CL Stunter high-perturmance 049 engines Spans 32-in5 230 fl No 666Poller AC Pattern-type spurt plane 2- 4-cycle power Spans 65-in5 725 0 0 Na 687WIndsock Non-flying Profile F-Si used wiodnane Spans 36-in5 575 0No 668Stealth Glider PP rubtorhand-lasoched bum/balsa Canard Cataput/Steafih Glider combs Spans 9-in$ 200 - 0No 689Thomac Mama Scout 54C AC A-scale biplane 90 power Spans 63-in 3 plan sheets$ 1975 No 660P42B Twin Mustang CL Profile Spottoter twin MWS 25 diesels Spans 48-in 2 plan sheets$ 1050 o No6911927 HL2 PP Scale model 01 Polish homebeilt 0-fl watt motor robber C02 Spans 29-in$ 225 6923 Meter Scooter AC itigh Performance Suilpiune Spans 118-in 2 plun sheets 50 No 693CardInal ClassIc CL Sport Stunter 35 power Spans 50-in$ 575 rcle numbers plans wish order best handling please include re 00 quests payment some other service plans order ~193262310314326332447465 539578581588593598603609 05 I 9620624626628630641644 650652657659661 OW 646654655 00o&E 663664665666667669671672 zzo V--673674675676677678679680 81682683684685686687688 a689690691692693694695696 Plan price includes first class postage US delivery IS Air Mail over 300 miles rders non-US address lease add $250 Air Mail osta e handlin tar Ian Make check money order payable US funds drawn US bank Mode/Aviation AMA 1810 Samuel Morse Reston VA 22090 Please allow 3 6 Weeks delivery se print carefullyEnclosed $ ____________________ NAME____________________ AMA No_______ ET 0 0 CITY lL -52 STATE _______________________ ZIP _________________ 204 Model Aviation weekend Cleveland Preston absent contest Miller things own waythe other nine entrants easy pickings took time trials three-mile course tame 225 mph heat 207 mphmaking race look competitive battled high winds win finals about 184 mph speed best approximate Some pylon boats broken loose floating around Lake Erie making impossible know exact length course whether varied over two consecutive laps So far 1989 frustrating year Miller knew airplane fast could fly racecourse yet getting less impressive results Hed have give Reno best shot Twenty-seven Formula Ones showed up desert plateau break Miller Alan Preston arrived too late qualifyand promptly retired racing Jon Sharp brand-new Grove-built all-composite long-winged Boyd Blue Streak surprise winner time trials 242548 mph followed closely eleven-time winner Ray Cote Owl Racer Alley Cat 242285 mph Millers 238975 mph modest comparison put him third first heat race Miller set speed record 243544 mph leaving Sharp Cote almost mile behind second heat too finals suffered reversal 229945 mph two seconds behind Cotes winning 231251 As 1989 began Miller verge great things now seemed farther away ever make matters worse first pusher Texas Gem renamed Puffin then-owner Errol Roberson came apart violent air during heat race Reno killing Roberson second fatal accident Miller pusher Reno 1990 23 Formula Ones qualified Jim Bumford first 244081 mph composite racer much like led time trials previous year Miller second 241553 mph Hep Porter third Shoestring Alan Preston raced successfully fast heat races went Miller 230187 232548 mph time Miller hung onto edge championship heat beating Porter too familiar Shoestring scant halfsecond over 25-mile course final scores 237405 mph 237084 mph After decades trying Jim Miller succeeded proving radical design could hold its own traditional race planes beat fans went wild Signs proclaiming Its Miller Time blossomed over pit area 28th annual National Championship Air Races will held September 12-15 1991 Reno would-be Formula champions find themselves haunted image Pushy Catin rear viewD