RADIO CONTROL ELECTRICS MOTOR CURRENT IJS RPM FOR HIGH RATE ID FRAME RATE CONTROLS ASTIW 25 12 IJOLT SUPPLY PROP 9 x 6 REU UP AMPS 288 168 120 88 eg FRAMEIIATE FUgi RATE Imaginative Amptique Ron Fikes Palo Alto California Leisure 31 seven 800s TWO JUNE MEETS have announced First up seventh annual Lehigh Valley RC Society LVRCS Electric Fun Fly scheduled June 18-19 Easton Pennsylvania excellent meet Im happy see back two-day schedule Write Ellis Grumer 321 Aurora St Phillipsburg NJ 08865 details Next up second annual Kansas City Regional Electric Meet scheduled June 25-26 Please contact Dick Hinckle 6406 E 140th Terrace Grandview MO 64030 Tel 816 763-7207 for details have noticed large number motor speed controls market Indeed Offhand can think seven eight manufacturers have product version offer part folks have around relatively long time over time have two US manufacturers motorsfar fewer number suppliers controls Well scenario repeating itself parallel way Most serious E-modelers know latest hot topic motors brushless motor motor introduced Aveox about year ago available several versions Aveox supplies companion brushless motor controller must since ordinary speed controls wont work brushless motors Guess what Im now aware two competitive motor controls brushless motors Flightec established speed control supplier has just announced new brushless controller Baylor Electric Products developing Ive heard rumors folks working well Flightecs new brushless controller designated SEC-BR microprocessor-controlled high-rate delta switching design BEC controller designed smaller brushless motors operating six-to-ten-cell range Priced $13995 very competitive product should find widespread use particularly increasingly popular nine-cell sailplane arena can get information Flightec 21 Juniper Way Hamilton NJ 08619 Hibine well known supplier small Electric power systems 8828486868188 kEPH Flightec RC Data Logger boardoffered separately lower cost advanced users Details text has just announced new product Blue Flame Blaster Its 21/2-inch ducted fan assembly incorporating popular 30-watt motor unit designed power FF Electrics 150-200square-inch range weighing about eight ounces total complete power system four 270 mAh cells wiring switch weighs about 48 ounces all-up weight hard attain Specified thrust 71 grams about 2/2 ounces product available several versions including twin turns out HiLine has larger version worksthe Red Flame Blasterthat utilizes Elf 50 motor should available time read can get detailed information entire HiLine Electric product line friends Dave Marie Rees new 1994 catalog can yours buck Write PO Box 11558 Goldsboro NC 27532 Im process deciding what put new Blaster Ive observed doubt popular Electric connector Sermos good reasons work great easy use readily available reasonably priced fact speed controls etc market use Sermos connectors standard supplied items have em everything usel 1 fully equipped ready-to-fly Electrics various chargers accessories such shunts meters June 1994 81 fact have nine colors red black Sermos connectors common some manufacturers use other colors has given idea share Id like propose speed-controlconnector color standard think would beneficial Electric industry modeling consumers adopt specific colors battery motor connections can see might affect price such easy readily distinguished coding scheme would eliminate head-scratching sometimes occurs loose red black connectors floating about inside fuselage simple mixup can destroy controller think informal voluntary standard would well worth Given above propose using red black battery connectors blue orange motor connectors speed controls bright colorsred orangewould positive black blue would negative Actually controls know really have single positive electrical path two connectorized leads attached just two reds would well red orange Its just thought Maybe negatives Im unaware What think Maybe can hash out 94 KRC Friday Electric Symposium Electric heavyweights bound Last months column offered graphic data speed control transfer characteristics performance comparison brush brushless motor also described some test equipment used obtain data included test signal generator simulate transmitter stick motion Flightec RC Data Logger test resources continue provide some rather interesting results Electric speed control area graph another example first lets back up bit December 1989 column described considerable detail nittygritty high-rate frame-rate speed controls offered test results involving both types feel tests results both simple conclusive easy-to-do experiments showed high-rate controls can significantly efficient framerate controls especially true cruise power levels particular column contained descriptions numerous bench flight tests involving voltage current motor temperature flight time etc measurements experiments simplethe best could time Now Im position augment perhaps thoroughly convincingly present same results virtue new test resources mentioned earlier Since reference issue probably available readers consideration newer readers asking beginner information heres quick review workings speed controls Speed controls control motor rpm continually switching battery voltage off motorfast Imagine speed control magic switch being actuated off equal time 82 Model Aviation THE TWIN-AIR 20 IS HERE AT LAST YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 REALLY CAN BE CONTROLLED ON JUST ONE ENGINE YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 OFFERS THE SAME HIGH QUALITY PERFOR MANCE EASE OF FLYiNG AND HANDLING AEROBATIC CAPABILI TIES FUN TO BUILD AND FUN TO FLY FEATURES FOUND IN ALL NORTHEAST AERODYNAMIC KITS THE TRAIN-AIRS BEL-AIRS AND SPORT AIR YES IVS FROM . NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INC 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INCE 150 ROBINSON ROAD ON NH 03051 881-5899 Specifications Engine Requirement -Two 20-30 Wing Span 58 Wing Area 625 Sq 434 Sq Fuselage Length 43 Fuselage Width 35 Overall Weight Range -55 65 pounds Wing Loading Range 195 239 Sq Ft Radio Functions -4 Channel Old-Timer Electric 13-ounce lookalike J Duckworth 123 Forrest Lake Dr Warner Robins GA 31093 U Miter Master * Perfect Truss construction * 900 squaring fence adjustable fence Price $1495 Product No 122 Miter Sander Sand angle its complement quickly accurately Miter Master solid alder base mounted non-skid pads alder four-way re versible sliding block carries 2 different grits sand paper FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24TH AVE FOREST GROVE OR 97116 -S 3/41I 8x10 $95 $130 lOxlO $100 $135 BREAKDOWN MODEL Fits cars & can Shipped UPS Add Amounts Below Unit Price SxlO & lOslO Flat 440 3/4 & $45 P BxlO& lOxlO Peaked 435 3/4 & $45 P1 10x20 Flat 464 3/4 & $73 P 10x20 Peaked $52 1 1 rWiiciuDE1 l3/411 8x10 $80 $110 IlOslO $85 $115 P31P3EP41FOF3 Ca , 3/4-600 3/4-600 34 650 3/4-4 00 3/4 600 3/4-650 3/4-750 P-BOOV-S001 900I 500I 800V-900 P-1000 P4LP40PSFFOOT PAD P03FOLBUNGlE 6 40 3/4-600 3/4-6S0 3/4 750 3/4 650 3/4-600 3/4-S00 845 P-900P-900 P1000I 750I 800P800 503 357-2732 WE MAMJFACThRE & STOOC SEVER AL OThER SYSTEMS & HAVE FILL ISlE OF ACCESEORIES Mi WITh ThE VENDOR Sd MI cALL FAX OR MAt US TO PLACE YOUR ORDER OR TO RECEIVE YCSJR FREE CATALOG periods times second motor would experience half voltage average motor rpm would about half full-voltage value Now imagine on/off cycle being equal-valued rather uneven duty cycle example condition 10% time 90% off time clear causes small average voltage appear motor about 10% battery voltage fact speed controls permit possible duty cycles 0-100% 100%-0 full off full appliedthis function transmitter throttle stick position frequency repetition rate cycling occurs normally either frame rate high rate Frame rate also known low rate almost always about 50 times per second rate ordinary RC transmitter repeats its output signal train also rate ordinary RC servos get updated command information transmitter via receiver High rate other hand does have usual number typically falls between about 500 6000 Hz cycles per second depending manufacturer Generally high-rate controls require circuitry likely cost real payback power system efficiency can significantly higher low-rate designs translates longer flights less motor battery heat usually quieter operation Electric needed less abuse gear drives used months graph computer screen dump dot-matrix printer presents automatically acquired battery current rpm data both frame-rate control high-rate control applied same motor prop operating off same 12volt power supply battery substitute As before Astro 25 purposely run its full capability practical reasons air blast would have rearranged shop So what does chart show rpm between zero maximum highrate control requires measurably less current turn prop given rpm everyone knows less current used longer battery lasts average per charge Im well familiar concepts involved general result found graph rather dramatic Because earlier experiments simple one-point sorts endeavors really didnt know shape whole performance envelope shown results success techniques used obtaining have given bigger better ideas pursue example just what best rate high rate best rate variable depending motor prop battery What tradeoffs guess can 84 Model Aviation wmUps DAILY DAILY FEATURING UTEWEIGHT EMT CONDUIT TUBING & QUICK LOCK ON FITTINGS NO TOOLS -- RIU9UX 4338 AustIn Blvd Island Park NY 11558 516/4314127 516/594-9881 ri POP UP CANOPIES $29900 lOxlO LIGHTWEIGHT $39900 lOilO HEAVYWEIGHT sets up Less 30 Seconds No Tools Required Other Sizes 8x8 10x15 10x20 5atisfaction Guaranteedi EAv HINE- 511710 Pkg 24 5295 THE HIGH-TECH HINGE DESIGNED FOR THE CYANOACRYLATE AGE Easier install other hinge No gouging picking messy epoxies Simply cut single knife slot hinge slide hinges place apply few drops favorite CA glue youre done SUPER FAST SUPER EASY SUPER STRONG 74e Vest 9e4 fca Laa MFG CO INC.401-7 So Front SteMontezuma IA 50171 623-5154 guess what some future column topics will bebut will take awhile way referenced December 1989 issue brought much reader reaction some folks making contributions own rate subject As result several subsequent columns supplemented information first presented Also recall seeing feature article subject another magazine Bob Boucher Astro Flight recently April 93 issue column offered some thoughts other aspects speed control selection interest time access back issues MA theres lots information aspects speed controls Because recent appearance microprocessor-controlled controls theres come closing topic month note photos shows innards Flightec Data Logger box pictured March column response reader demand Phil Thayer Flightec has decided offer board assembly electronic stuff Data Logger lower price complete housed unit Recommended experienced readers board software available way $8995 Contact Flightec address given earlier Im constantly reminded incoming mail Model Aviation feature article Electric per se did involve some electrical things Miniature Disk Sander presented May 1991 issue Given magnitude past reader interest have assume some new readers would also like information think article has brought letters phone calls anything else Ive written may due fact simple tool described useful nearly aeromodeling just Electric sander construction article based inexpensive car o airplane motor some flashlight cells some hardware small wooden housing almost anyone can assemble easy-to-make goodie can highly accurate job balsa stick ends small hardwood pieces etc sounds interesting see can dig up issue check out So farafter vast reader response everyone seems love half years columns done can start planning next halfbeginning July Happy Electric summertime landings Please enclose SASE correspondence youd like reply cal 45 will turn 13-6 over 10000 get 3 minutes oz & idle well below 2000 UNLEASHthePOWERfromWITHIN DIESELIZE its AWESOME Bigger Engine Wont Fit r er Props r Economy Noise lowplugs Lowldle AK ymmr mcii iuiiw up cmli fur conipimla catuism uui smlt-mdirammmd 7k stampli #10 mnvmlmpm & 8300 ermittul tm 11 inner L DAVIS DIESEL DEVELINMENJ i 141 i CT 01180 11-1170 ET 074 ~aZei Lively Aerobatic Biplane Great performer giving hours low cost fun flying Although Hornet designed around Coo 074 Queen Bee 09-15 engines nay used 0 speed hot aerohatios plans asd parts supplied acoossnadate Optioo deSign very versatile various configurationo Kt Features Ourahie low-weight sodel o Wachioe-cut BAA halsa Built-up wings tail Built-up fuselage Wheel pasts parts o Id ailerons o nasy access covers o Steerahle tail wheel Foll-siae illustrated plans instructions o engise & servo etg rails o special fuel tank noont o Forned shock-ahsorhing lasding tail gear lysseetrical airfoil o Barduare package engine stg holts On-Bro 2-na fuel tank Ou-5r0 wheels 00-ero hinges Do-nm control linkages Ounro control horns Stangel aileros links Plus aino hardware Wannabe Private Pilots Comprehension handbook reveals save time frustration money getting yourwings Plus other things really need know $1275 ppd June1994 85 Wing Span 27 Wing Area 297 sqin Wing Loading 102-121 osper sqft $4995Weight 21-25 os H/C eguijanest Length 265 A1212 $6 SailRadio sicro 4-channel River Bend Dr12 5Hartford WI 53027 Wisconsin ResIdents Add 15 Tao
Edition: Model Aviation - 1994/06
Page Numbers: 81, 82, 84, 85
RADIO CONTROL ELECTRICS MOTOR CURRENT IJS RPM FOR HIGH RATE ID FRAME RATE CONTROLS ASTIW 25 12 IJOLT SUPPLY PROP 9 x 6 REU UP AMPS 288 168 120 88 eg FRAMEIIATE FUgi RATE Imaginative Amptique Ron Fikes Palo Alto California Leisure 31 seven 800s TWO JUNE MEETS have announced First up seventh annual Lehigh Valley RC Society LVRCS Electric Fun Fly scheduled June 18-19 Easton Pennsylvania excellent meet Im happy see back two-day schedule Write Ellis Grumer 321 Aurora St Phillipsburg NJ 08865 details Next up second annual Kansas City Regional Electric Meet scheduled June 25-26 Please contact Dick Hinckle 6406 E 140th Terrace Grandview MO 64030 Tel 816 763-7207 for details have noticed large number motor speed controls market Indeed Offhand can think seven eight manufacturers have product version offer part folks have around relatively long time over time have two US manufacturers motorsfar fewer number suppliers controls Well scenario repeating itself parallel way Most serious E-modelers know latest hot topic motors brushless motor motor introduced Aveox about year ago available several versions Aveox supplies companion brushless motor controller must since ordinary speed controls wont work brushless motors Guess what Im now aware two competitive motor controls brushless motors Flightec established speed control supplier has just announced new brushless controller Baylor Electric Products developing Ive heard rumors folks working well Flightecs new brushless controller designated SEC-BR microprocessor-controlled high-rate delta switching design BEC controller designed smaller brushless motors operating six-to-ten-cell range Priced $13995 very competitive product should find widespread use particularly increasingly popular nine-cell sailplane arena can get information Flightec 21 Juniper Way Hamilton NJ 08619 Hibine well known supplier small Electric power systems 8828486868188 kEPH Flightec RC Data Logger boardoffered separately lower cost advanced users Details text has just announced new product Blue Flame Blaster Its 21/2-inch ducted fan assembly incorporating popular 30-watt motor unit designed power FF Electrics 150-200square-inch range weighing about eight ounces total complete power system four 270 mAh cells wiring switch weighs about 48 ounces all-up weight hard attain Specified thrust 71 grams about 2/2 ounces product available several versions including twin turns out HiLine has larger version worksthe Red Flame Blasterthat utilizes Elf 50 motor should available time read can get detailed information entire HiLine Electric product line friends Dave Marie Rees new 1994 catalog can yours buck Write PO Box 11558 Goldsboro NC 27532 Im process deciding what put new Blaster Ive observed doubt popular Electric connector Sermos good reasons work great easy use readily available reasonably priced fact speed controls etc market use Sermos connectors standard supplied items have em everything usel 1 fully equipped ready-to-fly Electrics various chargers accessories such shunts meters June 1994 81 fact have nine colors red black Sermos connectors common some manufacturers use other colors has given idea share Id like propose speed-controlconnector color standard think would beneficial Electric industry modeling consumers adopt specific colors battery motor connections can see might affect price such easy readily distinguished coding scheme would eliminate head-scratching sometimes occurs loose red black connectors floating about inside fuselage simple mixup can destroy controller think informal voluntary standard would well worth Given above propose using red black battery connectors blue orange motor connectors speed controls bright colorsred orangewould positive black blue would negative Actually controls know really have single positive electrical path two connectorized leads attached just two reds would well red orange Its just thought Maybe negatives Im unaware What think Maybe can hash out 94 KRC Friday Electric Symposium Electric heavyweights bound Last months column offered graphic data speed control transfer characteristics performance comparison brush brushless motor also described some test equipment used obtain data included test signal generator simulate transmitter stick motion Flightec RC Data Logger test resources continue provide some rather interesting results Electric speed control area graph another example first lets back up bit December 1989 column described considerable detail nittygritty high-rate frame-rate speed controls offered test results involving both types feel tests results both simple conclusive easy-to-do experiments showed high-rate controls can significantly efficient framerate controls especially true cruise power levels particular column contained descriptions numerous bench flight tests involving voltage current motor temperature flight time etc measurements experiments simplethe best could time Now Im position augment perhaps thoroughly convincingly present same results virtue new test resources mentioned earlier Since reference issue probably available readers consideration newer readers asking beginner information heres quick review workings speed controls Speed controls control motor rpm continually switching battery voltage off motorfast Imagine speed control magic switch being actuated off equal time 82 Model Aviation THE TWIN-AIR 20 IS HERE AT LAST YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 REALLY CAN BE CONTROLLED ON JUST ONE ENGINE YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 OFFERS THE SAME HIGH QUALITY PERFOR MANCE EASE OF FLYiNG AND HANDLING AEROBATIC CAPABILI TIES FUN TO BUILD AND FUN TO FLY FEATURES FOUND IN ALL NORTHEAST AERODYNAMIC KITS THE TRAIN-AIRS BEL-AIRS AND SPORT AIR YES IVS FROM . NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INC 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INCE 150 ROBINSON ROAD ON NH 03051 881-5899 Specifications Engine Requirement -Two 20-30 Wing Span 58 Wing Area 625 Sq 434 Sq Fuselage Length 43 Fuselage Width 35 Overall Weight Range -55 65 pounds Wing Loading Range 195 239 Sq Ft Radio Functions -4 Channel Old-Timer Electric 13-ounce lookalike J Duckworth 123 Forrest Lake Dr Warner Robins GA 31093 U Miter Master * Perfect Truss construction * 900 squaring fence adjustable fence Price $1495 Product No 122 Miter Sander Sand angle its complement quickly accurately Miter Master solid alder base mounted non-skid pads alder four-way re versible sliding block carries 2 different grits sand paper FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24TH AVE FOREST GROVE OR 97116 -S 3/41I 8x10 $95 $130 lOxlO $100 $135 BREAKDOWN MODEL Fits cars & can Shipped UPS Add Amounts Below Unit Price SxlO & lOslO Flat 440 3/4 & $45 P BxlO& lOxlO Peaked 435 3/4 & $45 P1 10x20 Flat 464 3/4 & $73 P 10x20 Peaked $52 1 1 rWiiciuDE1 l3/411 8x10 $80 $110 IlOslO $85 $115 P31P3EP41FOF3 Ca , 3/4-600 3/4-600 34 650 3/4-4 00 3/4 600 3/4-650 3/4-750 P-BOOV-S001 900I 500I 800V-900 P-1000 P4LP40PSFFOOT PAD P03FOLBUNGlE 6 40 3/4-600 3/4-6S0 3/4 750 3/4 650 3/4-600 3/4-S00 845 P-900P-900 P1000I 750I 800P800 503 357-2732 WE MAMJFACThRE & STOOC SEVER AL OThER SYSTEMS & HAVE FILL ISlE OF ACCESEORIES Mi WITh ThE VENDOR Sd MI cALL FAX OR MAt US TO PLACE YOUR ORDER OR TO RECEIVE YCSJR FREE CATALOG periods times second motor would experience half voltage average motor rpm would about half full-voltage value Now imagine on/off cycle being equal-valued rather uneven duty cycle example condition 10% time 90% off time clear causes small average voltage appear motor about 10% battery voltage fact speed controls permit possible duty cycles 0-100% 100%-0 full off full appliedthis function transmitter throttle stick position frequency repetition rate cycling occurs normally either frame rate high rate Frame rate also known low rate almost always about 50 times per second rate ordinary RC transmitter repeats its output signal train also rate ordinary RC servos get updated command information transmitter via receiver High rate other hand does have usual number typically falls between about 500 6000 Hz cycles per second depending manufacturer Generally high-rate controls require circuitry likely cost real payback power system efficiency can significantly higher low-rate designs translates longer flights less motor battery heat usually quieter operation Electric needed less abuse gear drives used months graph computer screen dump dot-matrix printer presents automatically acquired battery current rpm data both frame-rate control high-rate control applied same motor prop operating off same 12volt power supply battery substitute As before Astro 25 purposely run its full capability practical reasons air blast would have rearranged shop So what does chart show rpm between zero maximum highrate control requires measurably less current turn prop given rpm everyone knows less current used longer battery lasts average per charge Im well familiar concepts involved general result found graph rather dramatic Because earlier experiments simple one-point sorts endeavors really didnt know shape whole performance envelope shown results success techniques used obtaining have given bigger better ideas pursue example just what best rate high rate best rate variable depending motor prop battery What tradeoffs guess can 84 Model Aviation wmUps DAILY DAILY FEATURING UTEWEIGHT EMT CONDUIT TUBING & QUICK LOCK ON FITTINGS NO TOOLS -- RIU9UX 4338 AustIn Blvd Island Park NY 11558 516/4314127 516/594-9881 ri POP UP CANOPIES $29900 lOxlO LIGHTWEIGHT $39900 lOilO HEAVYWEIGHT sets up Less 30 Seconds No Tools Required Other Sizes 8x8 10x15 10x20 5atisfaction Guaranteedi EAv HINE- 511710 Pkg 24 5295 THE HIGH-TECH HINGE DESIGNED FOR THE CYANOACRYLATE AGE Easier install other hinge No gouging picking messy epoxies Simply cut single knife slot hinge slide hinges place apply few drops favorite CA glue youre done SUPER FAST SUPER EASY SUPER STRONG 74e Vest 9e4 fca Laa MFG CO INC.401-7 So Front SteMontezuma IA 50171 623-5154 guess what some future column topics will bebut will take awhile way referenced December 1989 issue brought much reader reaction some folks making contributions own rate subject As result several subsequent columns supplemented information first presented Also recall seeing feature article subject another magazine Bob Boucher Astro Flight recently April 93 issue column offered some thoughts other aspects speed control selection interest time access back issues MA theres lots information aspects speed controls Because recent appearance microprocessor-controlled controls theres come closing topic month note photos shows innards Flightec Data Logger box pictured March column response reader demand Phil Thayer Flightec has decided offer board assembly electronic stuff Data Logger lower price complete housed unit Recommended experienced readers board software available way $8995 Contact Flightec address given earlier Im constantly reminded incoming mail Model Aviation feature article Electric per se did involve some electrical things Miniature Disk Sander presented May 1991 issue Given magnitude past reader interest have assume some new readers would also like information think article has brought letters phone calls anything else Ive written may due fact simple tool described useful nearly aeromodeling just Electric sander construction article based inexpensive car o airplane motor some flashlight cells some hardware small wooden housing almost anyone can assemble easy-to-make goodie can highly accurate job balsa stick ends small hardwood pieces etc sounds interesting see can dig up issue check out So farafter vast reader response everyone seems love half years columns done can start planning next halfbeginning July Happy Electric summertime landings Please enclose SASE correspondence youd like reply cal 45 will turn 13-6 over 10000 get 3 minutes oz & idle well below 2000 UNLEASHthePOWERfromWITHIN DIESELIZE its AWESOME Bigger Engine Wont Fit r er Props r Economy Noise lowplugs Lowldle AK ymmr mcii iuiiw up cmli fur conipimla catuism uui smlt-mdirammmd 7k stampli #10 mnvmlmpm & 8300 ermittul tm 11 inner L DAVIS DIESEL DEVELINMENJ i 141 i CT 01180 11-1170 ET 074 ~aZei Lively Aerobatic Biplane Great performer giving hours low cost fun flying Although Hornet designed around Coo 074 Queen Bee 09-15 engines nay used 0 speed hot aerohatios plans asd parts supplied acoossnadate Optioo deSign very versatile various configurationo Kt Features Ourahie low-weight sodel o Wachioe-cut BAA halsa Built-up wings tail Built-up fuselage Wheel pasts parts o Id ailerons o nasy access covers o Steerahle tail wheel Foll-siae illustrated plans instructions o engise & servo etg rails o special fuel tank noont o Forned shock-ahsorhing lasding tail gear lysseetrical airfoil o Barduare package engine stg holts On-Bro 2-na fuel tank Ou-5r0 wheels 00-ero hinges Do-nm control linkages Ounro control horns Stangel aileros links Plus aino hardware Wannabe Private Pilots Comprehension handbook reveals save time frustration money getting yourwings Plus other things really need know $1275 ppd June1994 85 Wing Span 27 Wing Area 297 sqin Wing Loading 102-121 osper sqft $4995Weight 21-25 os H/C eguijanest Length 265 A1212 $6 SailRadio sicro 4-channel River Bend Dr12 5Hartford WI 53027 Wisconsin ResIdents Add 15 Tao
Edition: Model Aviation - 1994/06
Page Numbers: 81, 82, 84, 85
RADIO CONTROL ELECTRICS MOTOR CURRENT IJS RPM FOR HIGH RATE ID FRAME RATE CONTROLS ASTIW 25 12 IJOLT SUPPLY PROP 9 x 6 REU UP AMPS 288 168 120 88 eg FRAMEIIATE FUgi RATE Imaginative Amptique Ron Fikes Palo Alto California Leisure 31 seven 800s TWO JUNE MEETS have announced First up seventh annual Lehigh Valley RC Society LVRCS Electric Fun Fly scheduled June 18-19 Easton Pennsylvania excellent meet Im happy see back two-day schedule Write Ellis Grumer 321 Aurora St Phillipsburg NJ 08865 details Next up second annual Kansas City Regional Electric Meet scheduled June 25-26 Please contact Dick Hinckle 6406 E 140th Terrace Grandview MO 64030 Tel 816 763-7207 for details have noticed large number motor speed controls market Indeed Offhand can think seven eight manufacturers have product version offer part folks have around relatively long time over time have two US manufacturers motorsfar fewer number suppliers controls Well scenario repeating itself parallel way Most serious E-modelers know latest hot topic motors brushless motor motor introduced Aveox about year ago available several versions Aveox supplies companion brushless motor controller must since ordinary speed controls wont work brushless motors Guess what Im now aware two competitive motor controls brushless motors Flightec established speed control supplier has just announced new brushless controller Baylor Electric Products developing Ive heard rumors folks working well Flightecs new brushless controller designated SEC-BR microprocessor-controlled high-rate delta switching design BEC controller designed smaller brushless motors operating six-to-ten-cell range Priced $13995 very competitive product should find widespread use particularly increasingly popular nine-cell sailplane arena can get information Flightec 21 Juniper Way Hamilton NJ 08619 Hibine well known supplier small Electric power systems 8828486868188 kEPH Flightec RC Data Logger boardoffered separately lower cost advanced users Details text has just announced new product Blue Flame Blaster Its 21/2-inch ducted fan assembly incorporating popular 30-watt motor unit designed power FF Electrics 150-200square-inch range weighing about eight ounces total complete power system four 270 mAh cells wiring switch weighs about 48 ounces all-up weight hard attain Specified thrust 71 grams about 2/2 ounces product available several versions including twin turns out HiLine has larger version worksthe Red Flame Blasterthat utilizes Elf 50 motor should available time read can get detailed information entire HiLine Electric product line friends Dave Marie Rees new 1994 catalog can yours buck Write PO Box 11558 Goldsboro NC 27532 Im process deciding what put new Blaster Ive observed doubt popular Electric connector Sermos good reasons work great easy use readily available reasonably priced fact speed controls etc market use Sermos connectors standard supplied items have em everything usel 1 fully equipped ready-to-fly Electrics various chargers accessories such shunts meters June 1994 81 fact have nine colors red black Sermos connectors common some manufacturers use other colors has given idea share Id like propose speed-controlconnector color standard think would beneficial Electric industry modeling consumers adopt specific colors battery motor connections can see might affect price such easy readily distinguished coding scheme would eliminate head-scratching sometimes occurs loose red black connectors floating about inside fuselage simple mixup can destroy controller think informal voluntary standard would well worth Given above propose using red black battery connectors blue orange motor connectors speed controls bright colorsred orangewould positive black blue would negative Actually controls know really have single positive electrical path two connectorized leads attached just two reds would well red orange Its just thought Maybe negatives Im unaware What think Maybe can hash out 94 KRC Friday Electric Symposium Electric heavyweights bound Last months column offered graphic data speed control transfer characteristics performance comparison brush brushless motor also described some test equipment used obtain data included test signal generator simulate transmitter stick motion Flightec RC Data Logger test resources continue provide some rather interesting results Electric speed control area graph another example first lets back up bit December 1989 column described considerable detail nittygritty high-rate frame-rate speed controls offered test results involving both types feel tests results both simple conclusive easy-to-do experiments showed high-rate controls can significantly efficient framerate controls especially true cruise power levels particular column contained descriptions numerous bench flight tests involving voltage current motor temperature flight time etc measurements experiments simplethe best could time Now Im position augment perhaps thoroughly convincingly present same results virtue new test resources mentioned earlier Since reference issue probably available readers consideration newer readers asking beginner information heres quick review workings speed controls Speed controls control motor rpm continually switching battery voltage off motorfast Imagine speed control magic switch being actuated off equal time 82 Model Aviation THE TWIN-AIR 20 IS HERE AT LAST YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 REALLY CAN BE CONTROLLED ON JUST ONE ENGINE YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 OFFERS THE SAME HIGH QUALITY PERFOR MANCE EASE OF FLYiNG AND HANDLING AEROBATIC CAPABILI TIES FUN TO BUILD AND FUN TO FLY FEATURES FOUND IN ALL NORTHEAST AERODYNAMIC KITS THE TRAIN-AIRS BEL-AIRS AND SPORT AIR YES IVS FROM . NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INC 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INCE 150 ROBINSON ROAD ON NH 03051 881-5899 Specifications Engine Requirement -Two 20-30 Wing Span 58 Wing Area 625 Sq 434 Sq Fuselage Length 43 Fuselage Width 35 Overall Weight Range -55 65 pounds Wing Loading Range 195 239 Sq Ft Radio Functions -4 Channel Old-Timer Electric 13-ounce lookalike J Duckworth 123 Forrest Lake Dr Warner Robins GA 31093 U Miter Master * Perfect Truss construction * 900 squaring fence adjustable fence Price $1495 Product No 122 Miter Sander Sand angle its complement quickly accurately Miter Master solid alder base mounted non-skid pads alder four-way re versible sliding block carries 2 different grits sand paper FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24TH AVE FOREST GROVE OR 97116 -S 3/41I 8x10 $95 $130 lOxlO $100 $135 BREAKDOWN MODEL Fits cars & can Shipped UPS Add Amounts Below Unit Price SxlO & lOslO Flat 440 3/4 & $45 P BxlO& lOxlO Peaked 435 3/4 & $45 P1 10x20 Flat 464 3/4 & $73 P 10x20 Peaked $52 1 1 rWiiciuDE1 l3/411 8x10 $80 $110 IlOslO $85 $115 P31P3EP41FOF3 Ca , 3/4-600 3/4-600 34 650 3/4-4 00 3/4 600 3/4-650 3/4-750 P-BOOV-S001 900I 500I 800V-900 P-1000 P4LP40PSFFOOT PAD P03FOLBUNGlE 6 40 3/4-600 3/4-6S0 3/4 750 3/4 650 3/4-600 3/4-S00 845 P-900P-900 P1000I 750I 800P800 503 357-2732 WE MAMJFACThRE & STOOC SEVER AL OThER SYSTEMS & HAVE FILL ISlE OF ACCESEORIES Mi WITh ThE VENDOR Sd MI cALL FAX OR MAt US TO PLACE YOUR ORDER OR TO RECEIVE YCSJR FREE CATALOG periods times second motor would experience half voltage average motor rpm would about half full-voltage value Now imagine on/off cycle being equal-valued rather uneven duty cycle example condition 10% time 90% off time clear causes small average voltage appear motor about 10% battery voltage fact speed controls permit possible duty cycles 0-100% 100%-0 full off full appliedthis function transmitter throttle stick position frequency repetition rate cycling occurs normally either frame rate high rate Frame rate also known low rate almost always about 50 times per second rate ordinary RC transmitter repeats its output signal train also rate ordinary RC servos get updated command information transmitter via receiver High rate other hand does have usual number typically falls between about 500 6000 Hz cycles per second depending manufacturer Generally high-rate controls require circuitry likely cost real payback power system efficiency can significantly higher low-rate designs translates longer flights less motor battery heat usually quieter operation Electric needed less abuse gear drives used months graph computer screen dump dot-matrix printer presents automatically acquired battery current rpm data both frame-rate control high-rate control applied same motor prop operating off same 12volt power supply battery substitute As before Astro 25 purposely run its full capability practical reasons air blast would have rearranged shop So what does chart show rpm between zero maximum highrate control requires measurably less current turn prop given rpm everyone knows less current used longer battery lasts average per charge Im well familiar concepts involved general result found graph rather dramatic Because earlier experiments simple one-point sorts endeavors really didnt know shape whole performance envelope shown results success techniques used obtaining have given bigger better ideas pursue example just what best rate high rate best rate variable depending motor prop battery What tradeoffs guess can 84 Model Aviation wmUps DAILY DAILY FEATURING UTEWEIGHT EMT CONDUIT TUBING & QUICK LOCK ON FITTINGS NO TOOLS -- RIU9UX 4338 AustIn Blvd Island Park NY 11558 516/4314127 516/594-9881 ri POP UP CANOPIES $29900 lOxlO LIGHTWEIGHT $39900 lOilO HEAVYWEIGHT sets up Less 30 Seconds No Tools Required Other Sizes 8x8 10x15 10x20 5atisfaction Guaranteedi EAv HINE- 511710 Pkg 24 5295 THE HIGH-TECH HINGE DESIGNED FOR THE CYANOACRYLATE AGE Easier install other hinge No gouging picking messy epoxies Simply cut single knife slot hinge slide hinges place apply few drops favorite CA glue youre done SUPER FAST SUPER EASY SUPER STRONG 74e Vest 9e4 fca Laa MFG CO INC.401-7 So Front SteMontezuma IA 50171 623-5154 guess what some future column topics will bebut will take awhile way referenced December 1989 issue brought much reader reaction some folks making contributions own rate subject As result several subsequent columns supplemented information first presented Also recall seeing feature article subject another magazine Bob Boucher Astro Flight recently April 93 issue column offered some thoughts other aspects speed control selection interest time access back issues MA theres lots information aspects speed controls Because recent appearance microprocessor-controlled controls theres come closing topic month note photos shows innards Flightec Data Logger box pictured March column response reader demand Phil Thayer Flightec has decided offer board assembly electronic stuff Data Logger lower price complete housed unit Recommended experienced readers board software available way $8995 Contact Flightec address given earlier Im constantly reminded incoming mail Model Aviation feature article Electric per se did involve some electrical things Miniature Disk Sander presented May 1991 issue Given magnitude past reader interest have assume some new readers would also like information think article has brought letters phone calls anything else Ive written may due fact simple tool described useful nearly aeromodeling just Electric sander construction article based inexpensive car o airplane motor some flashlight cells some hardware small wooden housing almost anyone can assemble easy-to-make goodie can highly accurate job balsa stick ends small hardwood pieces etc sounds interesting see can dig up issue check out So farafter vast reader response everyone seems love half years columns done can start planning next halfbeginning July Happy Electric summertime landings Please enclose SASE correspondence youd like reply cal 45 will turn 13-6 over 10000 get 3 minutes oz & idle well below 2000 UNLEASHthePOWERfromWITHIN DIESELIZE its AWESOME Bigger Engine Wont Fit r er Props r Economy Noise lowplugs Lowldle AK ymmr mcii iuiiw up cmli fur conipimla catuism uui smlt-mdirammmd 7k stampli #10 mnvmlmpm & 8300 ermittul tm 11 inner L DAVIS DIESEL DEVELINMENJ i 141 i CT 01180 11-1170 ET 074 ~aZei Lively Aerobatic Biplane Great performer giving hours low cost fun flying Although Hornet designed around Coo 074 Queen Bee 09-15 engines nay used 0 speed hot aerohatios plans asd parts supplied acoossnadate Optioo deSign very versatile various configurationo Kt Features Ourahie low-weight sodel o Wachioe-cut BAA halsa Built-up wings tail Built-up fuselage Wheel pasts parts o Id ailerons o nasy access covers o Steerahle tail wheel Foll-siae illustrated plans instructions o engise & servo etg rails o special fuel tank noont o Forned shock-ahsorhing lasding tail gear lysseetrical airfoil o Barduare package engine stg holts On-Bro 2-na fuel tank Ou-5r0 wheels 00-ero hinges Do-nm control linkages Ounro control horns Stangel aileros links Plus aino hardware Wannabe Private Pilots Comprehension handbook reveals save time frustration money getting yourwings Plus other things really need know $1275 ppd June1994 85 Wing Span 27 Wing Area 297 sqin Wing Loading 102-121 osper sqft $4995Weight 21-25 os H/C eguijanest Length 265 A1212 $6 SailRadio sicro 4-channel River Bend Dr12 5Hartford WI 53027 Wisconsin ResIdents Add 15 Tao
Edition: Model Aviation - 1994/06
Page Numbers: 81, 82, 84, 85
RADIO CONTROL ELECTRICS MOTOR CURRENT IJS RPM FOR HIGH RATE ID FRAME RATE CONTROLS ASTIW 25 12 IJOLT SUPPLY PROP 9 x 6 REU UP AMPS 288 168 120 88 eg FRAMEIIATE FUgi RATE Imaginative Amptique Ron Fikes Palo Alto California Leisure 31 seven 800s TWO JUNE MEETS have announced First up seventh annual Lehigh Valley RC Society LVRCS Electric Fun Fly scheduled June 18-19 Easton Pennsylvania excellent meet Im happy see back two-day schedule Write Ellis Grumer 321 Aurora St Phillipsburg NJ 08865 details Next up second annual Kansas City Regional Electric Meet scheduled June 25-26 Please contact Dick Hinckle 6406 E 140th Terrace Grandview MO 64030 Tel 816 763-7207 for details have noticed large number motor speed controls market Indeed Offhand can think seven eight manufacturers have product version offer part folks have around relatively long time over time have two US manufacturers motorsfar fewer number suppliers controls Well scenario repeating itself parallel way Most serious E-modelers know latest hot topic motors brushless motor motor introduced Aveox about year ago available several versions Aveox supplies companion brushless motor controller must since ordinary speed controls wont work brushless motors Guess what Im now aware two competitive motor controls brushless motors Flightec established speed control supplier has just announced new brushless controller Baylor Electric Products developing Ive heard rumors folks working well Flightecs new brushless controller designated SEC-BR microprocessor-controlled high-rate delta switching design BEC controller designed smaller brushless motors operating six-to-ten-cell range Priced $13995 very competitive product should find widespread use particularly increasingly popular nine-cell sailplane arena can get information Flightec 21 Juniper Way Hamilton NJ 08619 Hibine well known supplier small Electric power systems 8828486868188 kEPH Flightec RC Data Logger boardoffered separately lower cost advanced users Details text has just announced new product Blue Flame Blaster Its 21/2-inch ducted fan assembly incorporating popular 30-watt motor unit designed power FF Electrics 150-200square-inch range weighing about eight ounces total complete power system four 270 mAh cells wiring switch weighs about 48 ounces all-up weight hard attain Specified thrust 71 grams about 2/2 ounces product available several versions including twin turns out HiLine has larger version worksthe Red Flame Blasterthat utilizes Elf 50 motor should available time read can get detailed information entire HiLine Electric product line friends Dave Marie Rees new 1994 catalog can yours buck Write PO Box 11558 Goldsboro NC 27532 Im process deciding what put new Blaster Ive observed doubt popular Electric connector Sermos good reasons work great easy use readily available reasonably priced fact speed controls etc market use Sermos connectors standard supplied items have em everything usel 1 fully equipped ready-to-fly Electrics various chargers accessories such shunts meters June 1994 81 fact have nine colors red black Sermos connectors common some manufacturers use other colors has given idea share Id like propose speed-controlconnector color standard think would beneficial Electric industry modeling consumers adopt specific colors battery motor connections can see might affect price such easy readily distinguished coding scheme would eliminate head-scratching sometimes occurs loose red black connectors floating about inside fuselage simple mixup can destroy controller think informal voluntary standard would well worth Given above propose using red black battery connectors blue orange motor connectors speed controls bright colorsred orangewould positive black blue would negative Actually controls know really have single positive electrical path two connectorized leads attached just two reds would well red orange Its just thought Maybe negatives Im unaware What think Maybe can hash out 94 KRC Friday Electric Symposium Electric heavyweights bound Last months column offered graphic data speed control transfer characteristics performance comparison brush brushless motor also described some test equipment used obtain data included test signal generator simulate transmitter stick motion Flightec RC Data Logger test resources continue provide some rather interesting results Electric speed control area graph another example first lets back up bit December 1989 column described considerable detail nittygritty high-rate frame-rate speed controls offered test results involving both types feel tests results both simple conclusive easy-to-do experiments showed high-rate controls can significantly efficient framerate controls especially true cruise power levels particular column contained descriptions numerous bench flight tests involving voltage current motor temperature flight time etc measurements experiments simplethe best could time Now Im position augment perhaps thoroughly convincingly present same results virtue new test resources mentioned earlier Since reference issue probably available readers consideration newer readers asking beginner information heres quick review workings speed controls Speed controls control motor rpm continually switching battery voltage off motorfast Imagine speed control magic switch being actuated off equal time 82 Model Aviation THE TWIN-AIR 20 IS HERE AT LAST YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 REALLY CAN BE CONTROLLED ON JUST ONE ENGINE YES THE TWIN-AIR 20 OFFERS THE SAME HIGH QUALITY PERFOR MANCE EASE OF FLYiNG AND HANDLING AEROBATIC CAPABILI TIES FUN TO BUILD AND FUN TO FLY FEATURES FOUND IN ALL NORTHEAST AERODYNAMIC KITS THE TRAIN-AIRS BEL-AIRS AND SPORT AIR YES IVS FROM . NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INC 4 NORTHEAST AERODYNAMICS INCE 150 ROBINSON ROAD ON NH 03051 881-5899 Specifications Engine Requirement -Two 20-30 Wing Span 58 Wing Area 625 Sq 434 Sq Fuselage Length 43 Fuselage Width 35 Overall Weight Range -55 65 pounds Wing Loading Range 195 239 Sq Ft Radio Functions -4 Channel Old-Timer Electric 13-ounce lookalike J Duckworth 123 Forrest Lake Dr Warner Robins GA 31093 U Miter Master * Perfect Truss construction * 900 squaring fence adjustable fence Price $1495 Product No 122 Miter Sander Sand angle its complement quickly accurately Miter Master solid alder base mounted non-skid pads alder four-way re versible sliding block carries 2 different grits sand paper FOURMOST PRODUCTS 4040 24TH AVE FOREST GROVE OR 97116 -S 3/41I 8x10 $95 $130 lOxlO $100 $135 BREAKDOWN MODEL Fits cars & can Shipped UPS Add Amounts Below Unit Price SxlO & lOslO Flat 440 3/4 & $45 P BxlO& lOxlO Peaked 435 3/4 & $45 P1 10x20 Flat 464 3/4 & $73 P 10x20 Peaked $52 1 1 rWiiciuDE1 l3/411 8x10 $80 $110 IlOslO $85 $115 P31P3EP41FOF3 Ca , 3/4-600 3/4-600 34 650 3/4-4 00 3/4 600 3/4-650 3/4-750 P-BOOV-S001 900I 500I 800V-900 P-1000 P4LP40PSFFOOT PAD P03FOLBUNGlE 6 40 3/4-600 3/4-6S0 3/4 750 3/4 650 3/4-600 3/4-S00 845 P-900P-900 P1000I 750I 800P800 503 357-2732 WE MAMJFACThRE & STOOC SEVER AL OThER SYSTEMS & HAVE FILL ISlE OF ACCESEORIES Mi WITh ThE VENDOR Sd MI cALL FAX OR MAt US TO PLACE YOUR ORDER OR TO RECEIVE YCSJR FREE CATALOG periods times second motor would experience half voltage average motor rpm would about half full-voltage value Now imagine on/off cycle being equal-valued rather uneven duty cycle example condition 10% time 90% off time clear causes small average voltage appear motor about 10% battery voltage fact speed controls permit possible duty cycles 0-100% 100%-0 full off full appliedthis function transmitter throttle stick position frequency repetition rate cycling occurs normally either frame rate high rate Frame rate also known low rate almost always about 50 times per second rate ordinary RC transmitter repeats its output signal train also rate ordinary RC servos get updated command information transmitter via receiver High rate other hand does have usual number typically falls between about 500 6000 Hz cycles per second depending manufacturer Generally high-rate controls require circuitry likely cost real payback power system efficiency can significantly higher low-rate designs translates longer flights less motor battery heat usually quieter operation Electric needed less abuse gear drives used months graph computer screen dump dot-matrix printer presents automatically acquired battery current rpm data both frame-rate control high-rate control applied same motor prop operating off same 12volt power supply battery substitute As before Astro 25 purposely run its full capability practical reasons air blast would have rearranged shop So what does chart show rpm between zero maximum highrate control requires measurably less current turn prop given rpm everyone knows less current used longer battery lasts average per charge Im well familiar concepts involved general result found graph rather dramatic Because earlier experiments simple one-point sorts endeavors really didnt know shape whole performance envelope shown results success techniques used obtaining have given bigger better ideas pursue example just what best rate high rate best rate variable depending motor prop battery What tradeoffs guess can 84 Model Aviation wmUps DAILY DAILY FEATURING UTEWEIGHT EMT CONDUIT TUBING & QUICK LOCK ON FITTINGS NO TOOLS -- RIU9UX 4338 AustIn Blvd Island Park NY 11558 516/4314127 516/594-9881 ri POP UP CANOPIES $29900 lOxlO LIGHTWEIGHT $39900 lOilO HEAVYWEIGHT sets up Less 30 Seconds No Tools Required Other Sizes 8x8 10x15 10x20 5atisfaction Guaranteedi EAv HINE- 511710 Pkg 24 5295 THE HIGH-TECH HINGE DESIGNED FOR THE CYANOACRYLATE AGE Easier install other hinge No gouging picking messy epoxies Simply cut single knife slot hinge slide hinges place apply few drops favorite CA glue youre done SUPER FAST SUPER EASY SUPER STRONG 74e Vest 9e4 fca Laa MFG CO INC.401-7 So Front SteMontezuma IA 50171 623-5154 guess what some future column topics will bebut will take awhile way referenced December 1989 issue brought much reader reaction some folks making contributions own rate subject As result several subsequent columns supplemented information first presented Also recall seeing feature article subject another magazine Bob Boucher Astro Flight recently April 93 issue column offered some thoughts other aspects speed control selection interest time access back issues MA theres lots information aspects speed controls Because recent appearance microprocessor-controlled controls theres come closing topic month note photos shows innards Flightec Data Logger box pictured March column response reader demand Phil Thayer Flightec has decided offer board assembly electronic stuff Data Logger lower price complete housed unit Recommended experienced readers board software available way $8995 Contact Flightec address given earlier Im constantly reminded incoming mail Model Aviation feature article Electric per se did involve some electrical things Miniature Disk Sander presented May 1991 issue Given magnitude past reader interest have assume some new readers would also like information think article has brought letters phone calls anything else Ive written may due fact simple tool described useful nearly aeromodeling just Electric sander construction article based inexpensive car o airplane motor some flashlight cells some hardware small wooden housing almost anyone can assemble easy-to-make goodie can highly accurate job balsa stick ends small hardwood pieces etc sounds interesting see can dig up issue check out So farafter vast reader response everyone seems love half years columns done can start planning next halfbeginning July Happy Electric summertime landings Please enclose SASE correspondence youd like reply cal 45 will turn 13-6 over 10000 get 3 minutes oz & idle well below 2000 UNLEASHthePOWERfromWITHIN DIESELIZE its AWESOME Bigger Engine Wont Fit r er Props r Economy Noise lowplugs Lowldle AK ymmr mcii iuiiw up cmli fur conipimla catuism uui smlt-mdirammmd 7k stampli #10 mnvmlmpm & 8300 ermittul tm 11 inner L DAVIS DIESEL DEVELINMENJ i 141 i CT 01180 11-1170 ET 074 ~aZei Lively Aerobatic Biplane Great performer giving hours low cost fun flying Although Hornet designed around Coo 074 Queen Bee 09-15 engines nay used 0 speed hot aerohatios plans asd parts supplied acoossnadate Optioo deSign very versatile various configurationo Kt Features Ourahie low-weight sodel o Wachioe-cut BAA halsa Built-up wings tail Built-up fuselage Wheel pasts parts o Id ailerons o nasy access covers o Steerahle tail wheel Foll-siae illustrated plans instructions o engise & servo etg rails o special fuel tank noont o Forned shock-ahsorhing lasding tail gear lysseetrical airfoil o Barduare package engine stg holts On-Bro 2-na fuel tank Ou-5r0 wheels 00-ero hinges Do-nm control linkages Ounro control horns Stangel aileros links Plus aino hardware Wannabe Private Pilots Comprehension handbook reveals save time frustration money getting yourwings Plus other things really need know $1275 ppd June1994 85 Wing Span 27 Wing Area 297 sqin Wing Loading 102-121 osper sqft $4995Weight 21-25 os H/C eguijanest Length 265 A1212 $6 SailRadio sicro 4-channel River Bend Dr12 5Hartford WI 53027 Wisconsin ResIdents Add 15 Tao