Radio Control: Soaring

Radio Control Soaring Byron Blakeslee APOLOGY F3B team Back June column talked about budget F3B Team An editorial insertion made clarify situation may have fact caused some con fusion Dr David Williams teams media coordinator brought offending sentence attention Expenses travel room/board etc spouses other team support personnel paid team members contributions supporters does not mean wives supporters going Germany money contributed contributions went expenses eight team members What sentence meant spouses supporters like Dr Williams part eight-man team expenses Germany families account Im sorry didnt catch earlier straighten out timely fashion time read World Championships will have over about month hope situation now cleared up no Sailplaners put off time EASTERN KJv\ SOARING SOCIETY Club month Eastem Iowa Soaring Society CEISS currently has 56 members Iowa Wisconsin Minnesota Illinois formed promote Soaring provide information-exchange base types Soar ing has three LSF Level V fliers about five working Level V team years SOAR Great Race will have 11 mem bers going Nats Lincoln its three teams will try new Dan Pruss Memorial Team Award information comes EISS President LeRoy Satterlee goes say put popular winter Building Clinic year over 65 attendees time clinic gets larger better year EISS sponsored first National Soaring Skills Sym posium spring Blakesburg IAon air field Antique Aircraft Association idea host teaching event anyone interest improving his/her Soaring skills demonstrated types launching techniques including hand-tow slow fast winch mini regular high-starts Also demonstrated basic thermaling F3B Speed Distance tasks Aerobatics spot-landing techniques slightly over 150 participants guests positive comments received planning make annual event things seems keep club interest high rule regarding contest fees No EISS event has fee higher $3 Prizes some times consist no ribbon hand shake accompanied Well done em phasis having fun collecting trophies give out trophies recycled pool trophies has donated back club CD need pay changing name plates Slope Race fun-fly hold duration con tests have F3B Hand-Launch contests go cross-country trials Variety spice life say actively encourage participation young people wives join contests picnics Besides report LeRoy also included several photos thank him EISS ob viously very active group Building Clinic Soaring Skills Symposium espe cially noteworthy fine example Sailplaners taking time give something back hobby/sport EISS congratulated accomplishing some significant things will make Soaring better us 52 Model Aviation F-20 Power Scale Slope soarer DY avancea Gilder ioncepis kit available Wilshire Modei Center other shops California cater Giider crowd scale activity Fiorida Bernie Coieman owns 4-meter Discus Graupner kit ieft weli 154 CEisman kit top Tony Arnoux owns other two AS-Wi 7T SB1O Roke kits Arnoux photo EiSS Slope activity Jim PorterLSF Level V about launch Griffon flying wing EiSS president LeRoy Satterlee hIs Ugly Suckerrenamed Sweet Thing after completed 8-hr Slope flight itl Orange fuse green wing tail IONOSPHERE ----300 KV Positive 1- t t- 1- t- 5 VPGC1OV/M AT Z 10K FT 2 U toto toto o UU 0DFOUIPOTCNTIAL PLANES toto U VPGC100V/M AT Z FT EARTHNegative Simplified atmospheric modei visuailz ihg operation Maynard Hiiis ciectrostatic voitage atabiiization system modeis Lift-Detecting Devices Wouldnt wonderful could buy gadget would tell us exactly good air Well probably cause would take away much challenge sport electronic devices can buy will tell plane has en countered Up air has around quite called Thermic Sniffler developed Don Clark Walt Good now made Ace RIC Inc below other lift-detecting device fairly new market has no radio link flier sells $3995 Mark version $4995 MK II new item Ther mal Mixer made High Sky 3929 Kansas Street #9 San Diego CA 92104 Its principle same Sniffler uses decrease atmospheric pressure increasing elevation detect plane rising plane ascending air flows out small sealed chamber because pressure outside chamber decreasing course plane descending opposite happens Full-size sailplanes use principle variometers rate-of-climb indicators High Sky Thermal Mixer contained small plastic case measuring 23 x 15 X 06 weighs ounce plugs between receiver rudder servo convenient tape receiver case operates deflect ing planes rudder plane rising plane flying along straight level suddenly makes nice turn itself know ascending mixer can set up turn either left right course automatic turn during launch would extremely bad news Mixer also plugged proportional trim channellike throttleto control mixer Off dium full MK Mixer works plane rising MK II can adjusted throttle control turn rudder plane sinking less three feet per second tried Thermal Mixer LJMP Meteor can assure works radio mixer can raise plane several feet hand artd sure enough rudder deflects Continued page 182 r Capacitive Discharge Ignition CH Electronics Breakerless CD Ignition System can installed engine 15 large chainsaw type new 90 15 two four stroke engines perfect converting CH Ignition system new kits plans dirplanes lust becoming available perfect size engine Four stroke engines beautiful ign Detonation death four stroke enginewhen control engine timing can stop detonation makes engine run much cooler & develops power-plus no kickback & very low idle CH system used engine expertsMaynard Hill George Aldridge Doran Hiatt Cliff Bennett Otto Bernhart mare Maynard Hill used CH system last two world records Available ail two four stroke engines single twin cylinder Throttle Coupied Spark Advance kits available popuiar engines Custom engine set-up available Cali write price quote Now IETCl electronic timing control information brochure price list send $100 CH Electronics Inc Advanced Glider Concepts Jet-Styled Slope Soarers e Foam wing 1/64 ply sheeting Fiberglass fuselage balsa & linkages Full instructions e 2-ch radio required Advanced Glider Concepts Il lets Box 1732 Riverton WY 82501 Phone 307-857-6897 October 1987 53 j PO Box 1019 Manhattan Beach CA 90266 WOW AUTOGIRO IIUII-IIIUIUOU pissis psi military decal markings ss FOR COMPLETE COLOR CAl P0LJG MA 181 PAWNEE STREET SAN MARCOS CA 92069 CALL FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT ON VISA OR MASTERCARD SPECIALISTS IN CUSTOM COX TEE DEE & REED ENGINES 020S 049S 05 1S & 095 ALL CUSTOM & STOCK PARTS VAILABLE INDIVIDUALLY MANY NEW PARTS FOR OLD DISCONTINUED COX ENGINES COX PROPS & GLOW HEADS COMPETITION ACCESSORIES & CUSTOMIZED K&B ENGINES ALS COMPLETE LINE OF RACING PARTS BEE FiREBALL & KAB PLUGS SOLID LINES RACING WHEELS OWCK FILLS ETC E ALSO STOCK CARBON FiBER KLO7Z OIL LATEX9 SILICONE FUEL TUBING PEN BLADDER MATERIALS & HARDTO-FIND HARDWARE ESPECIALLY 2-569 3-48 SIZES COILS CONDENSERS NGK PLUGS SILK 12 COLORS QUALITY DOPE BRUSHES 597 LOOP RUBBER BANDS KSB SEELIG& IGNITION TIMERS GAS9 DIESEL FUEL TUBING TRANSISTOR IGNITlON SYSTEMS RESISTOR HI-TENSION LEADS 1/2A TEXACO PLA YBOY SR K 1/2A TEXACO ENGINES 9 PARTS EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR OLD T1AERINCLUDING REPLICA OR WICK ENGINES tal FAI judges FAI Jury members also received same souvenir first- second- third-place pilots re ceived much larger version souve nir trophy close banquet mentioned attending Third FAI F3C World Championships will sponsored USA event presently scheduled part quadruple World Champion ships F3A F3B F3C F3D held NAS Virginia Beach around Octo ber 1989 hope contest will reflect same excellent organizational abilities demonstrated Swiss camaraderie amongst individual pi lots teams witnessed throughout competition terrific idea eating lunch dinner hangar day unappealing first must admit helped keep par ticipants close together resulted new friendships Swiss Aeroclub well Peter Ob erli 40 assistants congrat ulated job very well done toughest assignment contest judging very fortunate have experienced people big thank due Lucio Della Toffola Italy Pierre Pignot France Wolfgang Roth chairman Germany Henk Schoenmaker Netherlands Heinz Sutter Switzer land Thank Peter Blommaart efforts writing daily computer newspaper about WC newspaper called HelisplitterDaily Whirl pro vided entertainment us Thank Peter Studer co-workers doing outstanding job generating computer ized contest results finally thank Fredy Pluess staff serving excellent food such friendly prompt manner day Second FAI F3C World Champion ships ended same beautiful weather begun event will long remembered fortu nate enLugh have sum mer 87 fascinating indeed member FAI Jury I When responding advertisers mention thatyou readaboutthem ModelAviation cOMET COVERITE COX DUBRO EASY BUILT MODELS ENYA- FAt FLYLINE FOX- GOLDBERG- GOLDEN AGE REPRO UGENE DUBOIS- GUILLOW- K&B K&S L R MRC- OS MAX PACTRA PECK-POLYMER PERFECT RiN MODELS SEAGLEN SIG STERLING SULLIVAN SUPER TIGRE TAFFINDER TELCO TOP FLITE- TREXLER WILLIAMS & OTHERS ESTES MODEL ROCKETS Send $100 Caah Check oc Stamp toe 44 page tabloid nice DISCOUNT Catalog 900 illustrations over 700 Kits choose ILORDER PHONEORDER IN STORE IENN VALLEY HOBBY CENTER 817 1 Kain St LansdaluPa 19441 RC Soaring/Blakeslee Continued page 53 returns neutral quit lifting Normal rudder control will override Mixer can still give plane right rudder Mixer giving left problem encountered used spoiler channel throttle 78 Kraft SC operate Mixer didnt have proportional channel left spoilers sake science forged ahead sans spoil ers six- seven-channel radio would over come problem fearful forgetting launch Mixer turned Off seeing plane make quick roll turf didnt happen- thankfully air Mixer performed exactly advertised plane rose made nice turn left kept thinking myself Xou silly plane can see youre going upyou dont need waggle rudder guess Im too set ways can see Mixer being value days lift isnt obvious plane far off its difficult tell what its doing will also appeal having interest modern electronic marvels Drop note Rainar Weibalek High Sky info telephone number 619 297-5792 Back Thermic Sniffler Its airborne unit contains miniature variometer radio trans mitter sends audio tone small receiver normally clip belt hear tone via earpiece earphone Ive found better lightweight earphones used Walkman-type radios plane flying straight level hear constant tone about 1000 Hz plane encounters Up air rises pitch tone also rises pitch decreases plane sinking Quite elegant simple solution problem knowing exactly what plane doing cause can detect vertical motion low few inches per second airborne unit 475 x 15 x 075 weighs three ounces nine-volt transistor radio battery also has two transmitting antennae 28 long Its best run down planes fuselage other tube installed wing now 10 transmitter frequen cies available five old ones 49-MHz band five 27-MHz band added year Ace brings up obvious drawback using Sniffler flier field can use particular frequency time wouldnt say Sniffler favored ma jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen irformance sten PERFORMANCE K&B tNGINES AiraneMarine K&B FUELSK&B GLOW PLUGS 9 Blends4 Choices Matched Finish System BEST APPEARANCE K&B FIBERGLASS CLOTH K&B Micro-Balloons FILLER K&B SUPER POXY RESIN K&B SUPER P0KV THINNER K&B SUPER POXY PRIMER K&B SUPER POXY PAINT K&B MIXING CUPS 182 Model Aviation WE STOCK ALL REV-UP PROPS OUR INVENTORY AVERAGES OVER 10000 PROPS! OLD TIMER SUPPLIES ORDER BY MAIL OR PHONE 714 830-5162 SORRY NO COD VISA & MASTERCARD WELCOME DEALER INGUIRIES INVITED MINIMUM MERCHANDISE ORDER $1000 SHIPPING HANDLING FEE $150 FOR INSURANCE ADD $100 ORDERS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS CALF RESIDENTS ADD 8% TAX jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen tial however cross-country airplanes because jobs arc often flown high possible tell visual means plane rising sinking Cross-country fliers often mod ify Sniffler receivers drive small loud speaker analog meter others crew can also hear see what plane doing John Clarke former president newsletter editor Long Island Silent Fliers wrote excellent piece use Sniffler thought interesting everyone would enjoy reading Sniffler user Now have attention lets talk about Thermic Snifflers wonderful tools understand what can cannot Thermic Snifflers used confirm what eyes see air lift plane flies seldom ever ideal atmosphere very dynamic fluid subject wide variations lift caused terrain uneven heating After launch fun beginsunless its days lift everywhere Lift below launch altitude usually small diameter lucky area heated unstable air looking excuse bust loose somewhere field What Assuming Sniffler set up like mineto go dead quiet sinkstart search lift tacking laterally across field view upwind no lift found after max two passes head downwind Again start lift search tacking fashion across face wind Look area pitch Sniffler tone about slightly above tone Sniffler rest Make wide flat turns during turn bear several quite few short increases pitch tone remain circling suc ceeding circle should see slight increase alti tude As plane ascends duration inten sity pitch change should increase until less hear steady high-pitched tone Congratulations now altitude thermals broader positive lift component relatively easy core way Sniffler will also announce breakup thermal long before can see Some other ways using Sniffler combined common sense little knowledge Launching Most us have tendency stay winch past apex launch proper use Sniffler launch apex readily apparent Sniffler stops scream ing either start zoom release stop pulling float off line Flying Sniffler can make smoother FIBERGLASS COWLS Mere Ihan 70 cowls eelpants br Sig Pica Top-Flile Jemco Nosen Pilot Stafford Radials Behrens Darmhausen W E Tech other kits piano One-piece laminated construction 01 handlaid fiberglass strong hut lightweight Send SASE price list please include names models interested parts call between 9AM 8 PM EDT information COD ordering hope hear 1mm youl STER703 890-6017 Dept MA Ri i etc 530 Goodejew VA 24095 DUELLIST hottest plane have ever flown Its simple nothing compares WACO AT PICA WE LET YES ES Ohio JM Georgia DR New York OUR CUSTOMERS DO THE TALKING PICA PRODUCTS 2657 NE 188th ST MIAMI FLA 33180 Phone 1-305-935-1436 October 1987 183 -w FW-1 90 D9 ultimate scale competition IEAST Tony Frackowiaks Challenge IV Kit Atlanta KitDash Kit Hattori Headers Pipes AMA& FAI RC AerobatiC Specialties PO Box 388914-248-8603 LinCoindale NY 10540 Send $100 catalog flier Easy Follow rate change ascending/descending pitch tones found flying thermal small Up elevator inputs response descending tone Note Watch flying speed fly fast enough fly smooth smoother fly thermal efficient Glider flying faster will climb Standing Wave As approach apex standing wave tone ascends pitch past apex tone descends Try circle standing wave tone will peak quad rant circle Find peak stay lift band much same way Slope Soars ie tacking S turns wind Dynamic Soaring Dynamic Soaring steady wind almost like whipping technique used Control Line modelsbut difference first step tack across face wind build up some speed After speed has attained turn sharply wind let nose airplane come up Use eyes Sniffler tell Glider slows up stops climbing sharp stall-type down wind turn Let nose plane drop pick up airspeed Repeat turn wind path airplane will elliptic shape right plane will stay same altitude gain altitude slightly turn tech nique dynamic Soaring technique easiest learn Thermic Sniffler also useful trim ming Glider Best LID calm day set some Down trim Let Glider pick up some speed 30 40 shallow dive Sniffler tone quiet very low pitch some point about five eight seconds Glider should get step Sniffler tone will return rest stable tone Mark position transmitter elevator trim setting use searching lift stable air max duration thermal assistance Best CIL Again calm day fly plane area tone less stable same pitch Gradually feed small amounts Up trim until Glider starts porpoise Sniffler tone becomes cyclic up/down vari ations Back off gradually Up trim until Glider just stabilizes Mark trim setting best C/L setting used rising unstable air after plane has settled usable thermal Two hints Dont fly tone fly plane Second have tone turned down until just audible eyes still best way tell plane lift Sniffler aid miracle Electrostatic stabilizers previous section about devices designed inform plane lift Now going talk about amazing gadget can actuallyfly plane electrostatic stabilizer ES operates like autopilot tries keep plane straight-and-level attitude Interest ES zoomed after 85 Westover Nats Helmut Lelke Massachusetts amazed everyone flying original Two-Meter Heidi little plane led two classes after three rounds fin ished second Unlimited third Two-Meter fourth Standard classes Heidi just little unusual ailerons flaps flying stab no rudder E-205 airfoil plank wing no dihedral What really unusual Heidi electrostatic stabilizers both roll pitch controls Granted Nats normal con test because quite windy row trees downwind provided some Slope-type lift Helmut consistently flew Heidi down over trees just parked didnt have worry about gusts wind pushing plane trees because stabilizers maintained Heidi position Dan Pruss reported Helmuts plane January 86 Soaring column mentioned circuit diagram ES available him Dan Unfortunately Dan became sick shortly after dont know got mail diagrams dont have circuit cant help score remainder part will about inventor ES namely Maynard Hill Silver Spring MD efforts bring practical ES units modelers Maynard longtime modeler both Power Gliders setter several world records Speed Height Distance first published paper ES 1972 has working up present Much work has RPVs Remotely Piloted Vehicles government has just last year Maynard has felt ES ready use modelers Pro totype units have well-tested flight report follows below interested fliers may now buy directly Maynard Aero Probe Tech nology 2001 Norvale Road Silver Spring MD 20906 price per unit $174 including specified type connectors plus additional $28 two required ionizer units Maynard recommends interested send $5 formation packet explains operation stallation decide buy unit $5 applicable toward purchase price Now lets let Maynard explain ES works Electrostatic stabilizers can used provide automatic wing leveling pitch-attitude sta bilization such way time let go RC stick airplane will right itself attitude including inverted fly level wing leveler called Roll Axis Stabilizer Lunited Edition ectors Issue Capture action excitement planes pilots years NATS beautiful 14 page full color 12x 18 commemorative 1988 calendar ORDER NOW monly $995 Before thisjoShipping & handling LIMITED EDITION$250 first calendar Collectors Calendar EXPRESSIVE IMAGE STUDIOS $100 ea addtl sold out OFFICIAL Photographers AMA NATS 6818 Odana Road Madison WI 53719 608 833-9490 Dealer Inquiries Invited _____________________________ BC PRODUCTS NEW BULLET SPINNER Made 6061 Aluminum & weighs under loz 1 diameter 11/4 long /4 radius nose Specify thread engine size & make $600 & pay shipping US BC PRODUCTS 111 N Starkweather Pampa TX 79065 call 806 665-6361 accept MC/VISA & Money Orders Texas add 514O/ sales tax 184 Model Aviation ATTENTION AMA MEMBERS THE ALL NEW 11th EDITION Radio Control Buyets Guide IS HOT OFF THE PRESS Hobbyists Guide World Radio Control have visited AMA Museum let Radio Control Buyers Guide take See eight pages full color models photo graphed AMA Museum plus much THERES NO OTHER SOURCE LIKE IT Thousands photos descriptions up-to-date information Aircraft s os Systems nes ware s Finishing Materials ssories Videos Dealers local hobby shop does stock copies Guide please send request payment $1 495 $1195 postage/handling RADIO CONTROL BUYERS GUIDE Clifton House ton VA 22024 may use VISA MasterCard charge payment sending card number expiration date order pitch attitude system called Pitch Axis Stabilizer separate unit used axis boxes electronics identical can used interchangeably figure found else columned summarizes prin ciples Briefly system relies fact fair weather DC electric field atmosphere vector field usually points straight up equipotential planes parallel earths surface poten tial gradient field near earths surface usually order 100 200 volts per meter Can believe head would charged about 350 volts hips would sit 125 volts nice summer dayexcept fact body pretty good conductor charge thats deposited head leaks off ground Could believe top Empire State Building would about 20000 volts werent conductor Thats right Bricks wood similar materials ordi narily think insulators fact good enough conductors bleed off minuscule cur rent can delivered voltage source sensor system used electrostatic auto pilots designed detect differences volt age atmosphere wing tip wing tip aircraft banked nose tail its diving climbing two-meter-span Sailplane might see 200-volt difference tip tip 450 banked attitude difference will drop zero airplane level voltage differences sensed board airplane processed servo commands automatically apply correct controls bring airplane level flight times atmospheric field vertical conditions exist sys tem will cause airplane fly level may tact cause airplane fly inverted go steep banks dives conditions arise near thunderstorms some snow rain storms blowing dust storms Disturbances can also occur near factory chimneys fitted electrostatic precipitators pollution con trol Fortunately weather conditions locations suitable flying RC mod els unlikely will encounter such dis turbances Just case however units fitted auxiliary control allows disengage system system switched off airplane under normal RC control Generally necessary take new air plane aloft RC engage system test proper trim gain Adjustments usually needed especially pitch axis recommended novices try use de vice takeoff brand-new airplane simply hopes will possible fly out having previous experience device can great help learning fly should always skilled pilot around first check system properly trimmed Maynard has written much complete explanation theory electrostatic stabiliza tion including references scientific papers himself others has mailed inter ested modelers As service column readers take some load off Maynard will send Xerox copy write requesting italong large SASE Flight-testing electrostatic stabilizer test-flew Maynards units two planes belonging Ray Marvin RMSA clubmate may remember Ray CD 81 Sac remento F3B World Champs F3B Team Selection Committee chairman Nats CD NSS Member Large full-size sailplane instructor Before going Rays test report few other items interest Maynard should passed along wing-leveler installed Sailplane can three things I It brings Sailplane wings-level attitude time let go control stick plane can inverted let go stick will right itself handy plane speck sky get confused 2 will prevent airplane going inverted steep spiral dives properly set up hard-over roll control will produce steady bank angle about 300 450 handy thermaling limits visibility 3 windy turbulent conditions sys tem automatically generates correctional com mands instant airplane buffeted can much quicker disturbance has pass through eyeballs brain out control stick device smooths out flight better can ground fundamental aerodynamic problem item 3 rudder steering widely used thermal Soarers try make system fast enough respond gusts rudderyaw-bank process goes oscillation Glider waggles like trout swimming upstream eliminate waggle damper capacitor fil ter must plugged sensor circuit slow response bottom line rudder roll control can have 2 above 3 roll gust smoothing very effective use ailerons can set system will bring wings level 450 bank about secondinstead three four seconds October 1987 185 -ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX 4-M Company51 AMA Membership103 Ace Radio Control18 179 Advanced Glider Concepts53 Aero Plans N Parts63 Aerospace Composite Products168 Airtronics2 171 American Jr Aircraft Co174 Astro Flight4 BC Products184 Quay Barber Models140 Behrlan Corp138 Bell Rock Industries47 Blackbird International87 Blair Craft Scientific Inc16 Blue Ridge Machinery & Tools178 Bolar Heli Resesarch168 Bradley Products22 Bruce/Beeson Publishing179 Byron Originals158-161 CH Electronics Campbell Tools Co179 Carolina-Taffinder144 Johnnie Casburn Mfg172 Central Arizona Modelers145 Chicago Model & Hobby Show180 Circus Hobbies17 Cleveland Model Supply18 Eric Clutton178 Coverite152 Cox Hobbies151 DGA Designs156 D&R Aircraft Mfg51 Davey Systems Corp34 Davis Diesel Development20 Dougs Hobby Shop163-167 Al Doyle179 Du-Bro Products Inc16 EHS Trading Ltd60 Expressive Image Studios184 FAI Model Supply60 FHS Supply Inc5 Fiberglass Master183 Flyline Models174 Birds47 Fourmost Products63 Futaba Corp America23 GM Precision Products140 Gas Model Products156 Gator RC Products10 Carl Goldberg Models33 Golden Gate East183 Gorham Model Products9 Great Planes Model Mfg35 Helicopters Unlimited11 High Sky152 Historic Aviation45 Hobby Barn139 Hobby Horn22 Hobby Lobby International178 Hobbypoxy Products62 Hobby Radio162 Hobby Woods4 Indy RC Sales Inc146-1 48 Larry Jolly Model Products144 Jomar183 JTec140 K&B Mfg182 K&S Engineering60 K W Enterprises178 Kirks Sportsworld173 Kraft Midwest34 Kustom Kraftsmanship182 Kyosho97 Lake Enterprises168 Leisure Electronics155 Lone Star Models20 MACS Products144 Matts Model Airplanes152 McDaniel RC Service41 Micro Mark12-13 Micro Model Engineering63 Model Rectifier CorpCovers 2 & 3 1 Mutchiers Hobbies142-143 NEPRO Navillus Industries62 Nor-Ray Products Inc49 Northeast Aerodynamics36 Northeast Screen Graphics47 PFR/CM15 Pacer36 170 176 184 Paper Airplanes Intl49 Peck-Polymers140 Pelican Enterprises162 Penn International Chem169 Penn Valley Hobby Center182 Pica Products181-183 Polks Hobby94-95 Progress Mfg Co149 Pro-Tune Corp36 RC Buyers Guide185 RC Extras174 RC Soaring Digest168 RJL Industries49 RN Models60 Red Max Fuel5 Radio South150 Robbe Modellsport3237 Roush Manufacturing20 S&D Model Products162 SR Batteries38 STM141 Safety Plus16 Saito61 Satellite City85 Scale Plans & Photo Service178 Scotts RC Paradise179 Shamrock Competition Imports172 Sheldons Hobby Shop22 Sig Mfg Co6-7154 Bob Smith Industries5562 Sullivan Products38153 Sunshine Hobbies21 Swanson Assoc63 T&D Fiberglass Spec62 Tatone Products Co41 Time-Life Books19 Top Flite Models Inc152 Tower Hobbies177 Tru-Turn8 VK Model Aircraft Co168 Victor Engineering55 Bob Violett Models176 WE Technical Services8 Webra175 Williams Brothers53 Wilshire Model Center41 Windsor Propeller Co55 Wing Mfg Co18 World EnginesCover 4 YSFutaba187 Yale Hobby Mfg Inc157 Zenith Aviation39 Zimpro Marketing51 filtered rudder As result airplane flies smoother bumpy weather Electrostatic pitch stabilizers work same regardless whether have rudder ailerons First off typical Gliders pitch-stable selves dont really need auxiliary pitch sta bilization fly hands off install electrostatic unit can set up airplane will recover upsets automatically quickly instead going through three four swooping dives climbs can confuse youre high sky can set up snappy enough smooth out flight gusts will also prevent diving too steeply limits visibility electrostatic reasons ever pitch system easy optimize roll system t recommend try wingleveler first familiarize yourself sys tem wing-leveler pitch-stabilizer iden tical separate units contained black box 15 x 20 x 09 Cable connectors plug receiver servo No servo modi fications needed Installation wingleveler consists flush-mounting ionizer device about x x 025 wing tip running single wire copper tape sensor either inside wing along trailing edge pitch stabilization two ionizers can mounted fuselage near nose near tail Theres also way both axes three ionizers tip tail Staticmaster ionizers use isotope polonium decays weakens time units have useful life about nine months application can install sensor check out bench ionizers installed must installed plane system function flight ionizers emit harmless alpha particles penetrate skin widely used commercial antistatic applications common being brushes toremove lint phonograph records An auxiliary proportional channel On/Off like retracts used tum Stabilizer off flight control also provides way change gain system model flight can bring smoothing effect maximum overdoing having plane go rock roll oscillation Now Rays observations ran trials using two different models 50-in-span rudder/elevator-controlled Sailaire 18-in-span Gobbler has flaperons full-span ailerons Tests Sailaire 001 microfarad capacitor damper connected across wing tip ionizer units After getting off tow establishing straight flight path autopilot turned minor adjustments rudder trim plane would maintain straight flight path put turn stick re leased autopilot would return plane straight flight path after about 1800 turn Rud der deflections apparent perhaps gross gain could have increased obtain rapid response case Sailaire slow respond rudder owing its large wing polyhedral Because factors Sailaire considered best test plane 186 Model Aviation Full-size Plan List available complete listing plans previously published magazine through No537 may obtained free charge writing enclose stamped pre-addressed envelope Model Aviation 1810 Samuel Morse Dr Reston VA 22090 en sw AWS C2 Ct m 3m Cb S r 00 2 t a r N--c Cm 5 F -c 4- o a 0 21 bc -ccc 4 S-_ 0 - 3-StC 0 S S S 305 j S 4 -L 0 0 Th 2 -g- 2 -ou0 o 00 ecn- o C n E on C- 4 Cr01 Cr0 001 - a CO Ca 01 -J CO Ca 0 0 0 cr a- cr CD 02 31 5 Ca C LU Ca U 02 02 0 02 0 0 CC 0 -c 0 C C 0 0 0 CD 010101010101-0 -0 Na 0201-0 Ca Ca Na CO -002 Ca01-JCO--CO-0Na 0CJ CrC31 Cit 0 Ca 02C1-~CaNa0 LU 002020 Na Na 0 -40 01010101010101-0 Ca 0201-00 Ca Na 001- 01 4-J CO Ca Ca Na -00 Cii Cii Cii Cii 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca Na Ccii Na 0 02 0 Na LU Cii Ca -J 02 01010101010101-002 020101-0 Cc Na 002 Ca -J CO Ca 0102020 Na 22222 a 222222222222222222 a 22222222222222 a a a a a 2222222222222 aaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa40aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ga aaab6sw41LaCa4aC-abaoa C-j 04 Wa . q g nj.4 2raa4 a5C 5 a-C SC-ODD-c am4i44-4aCS aa .rnaDgst rcmaa tCW4 rrrcA-a -5caE gtacr0W2-uX00 0 5P -- -,a na---- tMe0~ C a-C0 55 aa c-cu 4 4~= - = 0 a,,PS cc _Ca. 4 C C 54aac- nn=c-c- c2n El U L-n 9 o CD 2 ~@Cc-02 c-c g1 C-Cfl -c cc- cW c-ca c-c- S --- c-4-C=~ nsRU4002 xa oC ra a4r CSCa400a40 AA-c-cS2DC2A- rc aC---c-coz C oCo S~-a-aX . -C 0 4C4 U42C-c 4-C2~4 -o aV22CW2CC 44a 4- o~- Sa4o1 C42floCU ~cc-caLrCa22n0a CCWua~Ia- 4Co-co COC fl4UoUC0 a0 4a CC 5 0 o c4o0a240Ca -- OaCnCxta4C~4 C o 1oC -CCC -o 52 o4 C0CCCC 402 CCC 04CC 000 &S0 004 054 Noc-c-c -cciaroo -- 0 4_ 3-Caa CS-Ceo -4_C04~ aaiiaaanCgC2 COE4c-CO C000-o-a gaS4C2aC0~~Co C 2CCC 22-2 cr20 2C-C- floS 4CocaoC--0r4C5CS-cCCCaCCCC2C C4- n42ccC-04o02o5 44W0CC4oCw244o4o42c-S4--52-Sao sC-aSaasaaC0C02 0C44oe4cCC4-SCN3C S o 0C 04 043 C-CoCao 40 _-CCC 04 00CrNnS 52 x- 2C 42g 2&oat. 0 0 C 4_ Wo2Cj oaoo5C _55t7402ai o4 raC- CCcCariSrzo- 04-C CC-2 C#a _ 4 UOcc o Co 2 2tt C S4-0oina04 oCcnC20cCCo2CtD 2-o 500 ao-0430C aoo5CCS2 02C4C c550 25 C- 02COC0CC40~ 544oC5Wb24 Cc0Cc flCo- 22C-U- SrCCCAa~rCS zto a-a4c-~a- 2 Cs5too-g 52C 42J4 2oSCCtOC C-aC43CoO CCCc 25aiZa 2-55SCCC202a 5C-o 5 C4-~4 0 I470c50o0C0CC_ r-:~ 0gW~t54442a4aoTo* C-CO0-5u4 S 5Ca22C-ooi~ C-a C-o C C 24'-~50 tOcow 4 3C.CCC.a224 -ta 0- 52C-o CoOc-c 00a42eC CC.a004%1c2j2go0r 00 Ci-3Uc- FC0YCc-2 2 04Ca 5 CagC--5o420- JO 5C Xoa2aao5 0 -4t. - C C444 4a~ 4-C-4 54 a $-cO ~~5-022 C-2 00 0 05 toO2 3j0 22 01010101010101-0 Ca 020201-0 Ca2 Na -0202 020 Na -00202 Na 0102 002 Cc 00 U CO 0-o0- 0 0 0Cc 2 o U 0- U o&w 8 0- n 0 U U 043 P2 o- - 0 B - 0--0 Cc 2 0- n 00 0 00- Cc 0 Pt U Cu Pt CD CD 0 0 ~ou SQ- 0 00 W 0 C- 0 n o -o CcC 0-0 00 o Cc 0- 3-o B -4-1 00-c Cc -- ~0~0n 0- -.50 ag 0 -4 6 OQ CD a-CD 1 o Sm p 0 0 0 0 3x - 0- 0 U3 0 4 Nj tot- 0 o to0 o o 0 Ca o C-fl 02 Co tto 2 2 29 104r C 3- o- o t C- 5- C C 0 0 0 40- 0-0 q040O0Th0C 00 C-8 0c C00 no 000 0 C-~3-t04 0CoQ804 go 40 5t%8Ca 2o2 3 - 8 0 0 Z0 o 003- &P 4 0 008 0 0- C- -00 2222 o a a ci ci ci ci CD CD CD CD CD 4 CD 01 c- C- m m rC mx no 8 ci o 0 CD _ 0 0 CD 0 C- CD cia M CD 0W00 0 Q j-01B- B 0e -fl-CO a--CD-CD -0- -00-r-C0 -CcC4V r-s~ CJ2 0--4ED0 Cn 0- 0fl- - --: D 0 fl C CgCJ m Zs Ca 0-~ 0 O~0 0 0 N- D o -J -4 -4 o ci ci ci r04 003-52 CC-C ~0 300 0 ~4o4a-5-fl4 Cot 0-—0-CC-0-0 2-C0-00 2830 4 000 40- r 0003-0t- C 3--300 o 4 5 0-20Th C 0 008on4oO7g00 -g o o008 -02 oh40$C00-_ o 0 0- 4 3- 4 3-9 S3 4C0-00-0 COCrcc0o0-~4 ~ 3000O 004 00- OC-0 4 ccC00 300- 0-40C00C-C 00

Radio Control Soaring Byron Blakeslee APOLOGY F3B team Back June column talked about budget F3B Team An editorial insertion made clarify situation may have fact caused some con fusion Dr David Williams teams media coordinator brought offending sentence attention Expenses travel room/board etc spouses other team support personnel paid team members contributions supporters does not mean wives supporters going Germany money contributed contributions went expenses eight team members What sentence meant spouses supporters like Dr Williams part eight-man team expenses Germany families account Im sorry didnt catch earlier straighten out timely fashion time read World Championships will have over about month hope situation now cleared up no Sailplaners put off time EASTERN KJv\ SOARING SOCIETY Club month Eastem Iowa Soaring Society CEISS currently has 56 members Iowa Wisconsin Minnesota Illinois formed promote Soaring provide information-exchange base types Soar ing has three LSF Level V fliers about five working Level V team years SOAR Great Race will have 11 mem bers going Nats Lincoln its three teams will try new Dan Pruss Memorial Team Award information comes EISS President LeRoy Satterlee goes say put popular winter Building Clinic year over 65 attendees time clinic gets larger better year EISS sponsored first National Soaring Skills Sym posium spring Blakesburg IAon air field Antique Aircraft Association idea host teaching event anyone interest improving his/her Soaring skills demonstrated types launching techniques including hand-tow slow fast winch mini regular high-starts Also demonstrated basic thermaling F3B Speed Distance tasks Aerobatics spot-landing techniques slightly over 150 participants guests positive comments received planning make annual event things seems keep club interest high rule regarding contest fees No EISS event has fee higher $3 Prizes some times consist no ribbon hand shake accompanied Well done em phasis having fun collecting trophies give out trophies recycled pool trophies has donated back club CD need pay changing name plates Slope Race fun-fly hold duration con tests have F3B Hand-Launch contests go cross-country trials Variety spice life say actively encourage participation young people wives join contests picnics Besides report LeRoy also included several photos thank him EISS ob viously very active group Building Clinic Soaring Skills Symposium espe cially noteworthy fine example Sailplaners taking time give something back hobby/sport EISS congratulated accomplishing some significant things will make Soaring better us 52 Model Aviation F-20 Power Scale Slope soarer DY avancea Gilder ioncepis kit available Wilshire Modei Center other shops California cater Giider crowd scale activity Fiorida Bernie Coieman owns 4-meter Discus Graupner kit ieft weli 154 CEisman kit top Tony Arnoux owns other two AS-Wi 7T SB1O Roke kits Arnoux photo EiSS Slope activity Jim PorterLSF Level V about launch Griffon flying wing EiSS president LeRoy Satterlee hIs Ugly Suckerrenamed Sweet Thing after completed 8-hr Slope flight itl Orange fuse green wing tail IONOSPHERE ----300 KV Positive 1- t t- 1- t- 5 VPGC1OV/M AT Z 10K FT 2 U toto toto o UU 0DFOUIPOTCNTIAL PLANES toto U VPGC100V/M AT Z FT EARTHNegative Simplified atmospheric modei visuailz ihg operation Maynard Hiiis ciectrostatic voitage atabiiization system modeis Lift-Detecting Devices Wouldnt wonderful could buy gadget would tell us exactly good air Well probably cause would take away much challenge sport electronic devices can buy will tell plane has en countered Up air has around quite called Thermic Sniffler developed Don Clark Walt Good now made Ace RIC Inc below other lift-detecting device fairly new market has no radio link flier sells $3995 Mark version $4995 MK II new item Ther mal Mixer made High Sky 3929 Kansas Street #9 San Diego CA 92104 Its principle same Sniffler uses decrease atmospheric pressure increasing elevation detect plane rising plane ascending air flows out small sealed chamber because pressure outside chamber decreasing course plane descending opposite happens Full-size sailplanes use principle variometers rate-of-climb indicators High Sky Thermal Mixer contained small plastic case measuring 23 x 15 X 06 weighs ounce plugs between receiver rudder servo convenient tape receiver case operates deflect ing planes rudder plane rising plane flying along straight level suddenly makes nice turn itself know ascending mixer can set up turn either left right course automatic turn during launch would extremely bad news Mixer also plugged proportional trim channellike throttleto control mixer Off dium full MK Mixer works plane rising MK II can adjusted throttle control turn rudder plane sinking less three feet per second tried Thermal Mixer LJMP Meteor can assure works radio mixer can raise plane several feet hand artd sure enough rudder deflects Continued page 182 r Capacitive Discharge Ignition CH Electronics Breakerless CD Ignition System can installed engine 15 large chainsaw type new 90 15 two four stroke engines perfect converting CH Ignition system new kits plans dirplanes lust becoming available perfect size engine Four stroke engines beautiful ign Detonation death four stroke enginewhen control engine timing can stop detonation makes engine run much cooler & develops power-plus no kickback & very low idle CH system used engine expertsMaynard Hill George Aldridge Doran Hiatt Cliff Bennett Otto Bernhart mare Maynard Hill used CH system last two world records Available ail two four stroke engines single twin cylinder Throttle Coupied Spark Advance kits available popuiar engines Custom engine set-up available Cali write price quote Now IETCl electronic timing control information brochure price list send $100 CH Electronics Inc Advanced Glider Concepts Jet-Styled Slope Soarers e Foam wing 1/64 ply sheeting Fiberglass fuselage balsa & linkages Full instructions e 2-ch radio required Advanced Glider Concepts Il lets Box 1732 Riverton WY 82501 Phone 307-857-6897 October 1987 53 j PO Box 1019 Manhattan Beach CA 90266 WOW AUTOGIRO IIUII-IIIUIUOU pissis psi military decal markings ss FOR COMPLETE COLOR CAl P0LJG MA 181 PAWNEE STREET SAN MARCOS CA 92069 CALL FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT ON VISA OR MASTERCARD SPECIALISTS IN CUSTOM COX TEE DEE & REED ENGINES 020S 049S 05 1S & 095 ALL CUSTOM & STOCK PARTS VAILABLE INDIVIDUALLY MANY NEW PARTS FOR OLD DISCONTINUED COX ENGINES COX PROPS & GLOW HEADS COMPETITION ACCESSORIES & CUSTOMIZED K&B ENGINES ALS COMPLETE LINE OF RACING PARTS BEE FiREBALL & KAB PLUGS SOLID LINES RACING WHEELS OWCK FILLS ETC E ALSO STOCK CARBON FiBER KLO7Z OIL LATEX9 SILICONE FUEL TUBING PEN BLADDER MATERIALS & HARDTO-FIND HARDWARE ESPECIALLY 2-569 3-48 SIZES COILS CONDENSERS NGK PLUGS SILK 12 COLORS QUALITY DOPE BRUSHES 597 LOOP RUBBER BANDS KSB SEELIG& IGNITION TIMERS GAS9 DIESEL FUEL TUBING TRANSISTOR IGNITlON SYSTEMS RESISTOR HI-TENSION LEADS 1/2A TEXACO PLA YBOY SR K 1/2A TEXACO ENGINES 9 PARTS EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR OLD T1AERINCLUDING REPLICA OR WICK ENGINES tal FAI judges FAI Jury members also received same souvenir first- second- third-place pilots re ceived much larger version souve nir trophy close banquet mentioned attending Third FAI F3C World Championships will sponsored USA event presently scheduled part quadruple World Champion ships F3A F3B F3C F3D held NAS Virginia Beach around Octo ber 1989 hope contest will reflect same excellent organizational abilities demonstrated Swiss camaraderie amongst individual pi lots teams witnessed throughout competition terrific idea eating lunch dinner hangar day unappealing first must admit helped keep par ticipants close together resulted new friendships Swiss Aeroclub well Peter Ob erli 40 assistants congrat ulated job very well done toughest assignment contest judging very fortunate have experienced people big thank due Lucio Della Toffola Italy Pierre Pignot France Wolfgang Roth chairman Germany Henk Schoenmaker Netherlands Heinz Sutter Switzer land Thank Peter Blommaart efforts writing daily computer newspaper about WC newspaper called HelisplitterDaily Whirl pro vided entertainment us Thank Peter Studer co-workers doing outstanding job generating computer ized contest results finally thank Fredy Pluess staff serving excellent food such friendly prompt manner day Second FAI F3C World Champion ships ended same beautiful weather begun event will long remembered fortu nate enLugh have sum mer 87 fascinating indeed member FAI Jury I When responding advertisers mention thatyou readaboutthem ModelAviation cOMET COVERITE COX DUBRO EASY BUILT MODELS ENYA- FAt FLYLINE FOX- GOLDBERG- GOLDEN AGE REPRO UGENE DUBOIS- GUILLOW- K&B K&S L R MRC- OS MAX PACTRA PECK-POLYMER PERFECT RiN MODELS SEAGLEN SIG STERLING SULLIVAN SUPER TIGRE TAFFINDER TELCO TOP FLITE- TREXLER WILLIAMS & OTHERS ESTES MODEL ROCKETS Send $100 Caah Check oc Stamp toe 44 page tabloid nice DISCOUNT Catalog 900 illustrations over 700 Kits choose ILORDER PHONEORDER IN STORE IENN VALLEY HOBBY CENTER 817 1 Kain St LansdaluPa 19441 RC Soaring/Blakeslee Continued page 53 returns neutral quit lifting Normal rudder control will override Mixer can still give plane right rudder Mixer giving left problem encountered used spoiler channel throttle 78 Kraft SC operate Mixer didnt have proportional channel left spoilers sake science forged ahead sans spoil ers six- seven-channel radio would over come problem fearful forgetting launch Mixer turned Off seeing plane make quick roll turf didnt happen- thankfully air Mixer performed exactly advertised plane rose made nice turn left kept thinking myself Xou silly plane can see youre going upyou dont need waggle rudder guess Im too set ways can see Mixer being value days lift isnt obvious plane far off its difficult tell what its doing will also appeal having interest modern electronic marvels Drop note Rainar Weibalek High Sky info telephone number 619 297-5792 Back Thermic Sniffler Its airborne unit contains miniature variometer radio trans mitter sends audio tone small receiver normally clip belt hear tone via earpiece earphone Ive found better lightweight earphones used Walkman-type radios plane flying straight level hear constant tone about 1000 Hz plane encounters Up air rises pitch tone also rises pitch decreases plane sinking Quite elegant simple solution problem knowing exactly what plane doing cause can detect vertical motion low few inches per second airborne unit 475 x 15 x 075 weighs three ounces nine-volt transistor radio battery also has two transmitting antennae 28 long Its best run down planes fuselage other tube installed wing now 10 transmitter frequen cies available five old ones 49-MHz band five 27-MHz band added year Ace brings up obvious drawback using Sniffler flier field can use particular frequency time wouldnt say Sniffler favored ma jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen irformance sten PERFORMANCE K&B tNGINES AiraneMarine K&B FUELSK&B GLOW PLUGS 9 Blends4 Choices Matched Finish System BEST APPEARANCE K&B FIBERGLASS CLOTH K&B Micro-Balloons FILLER K&B SUPER POXY RESIN K&B SUPER P0KV THINNER K&B SUPER POXY PRIMER K&B SUPER POXY PAINT K&B MIXING CUPS 182 Model Aviation WE STOCK ALL REV-UP PROPS OUR INVENTORY AVERAGES OVER 10000 PROPS! OLD TIMER SUPPLIES ORDER BY MAIL OR PHONE 714 830-5162 SORRY NO COD VISA & MASTERCARD WELCOME DEALER INGUIRIES INVITED MINIMUM MERCHANDISE ORDER $1000 SHIPPING HANDLING FEE $150 FOR INSURANCE ADD $100 ORDERS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS CALF RESIDENTS ADD 8% TAX jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen tial however cross-country airplanes because jobs arc often flown high possible tell visual means plane rising sinking Cross-country fliers often mod ify Sniffler receivers drive small loud speaker analog meter others crew can also hear see what plane doing John Clarke former president newsletter editor Long Island Silent Fliers wrote excellent piece use Sniffler thought interesting everyone would enjoy reading Sniffler user Now have attention lets talk about Thermic Snifflers wonderful tools understand what can cannot Thermic Snifflers used confirm what eyes see air lift plane flies seldom ever ideal atmosphere very dynamic fluid subject wide variations lift caused terrain uneven heating After launch fun beginsunless its days lift everywhere Lift below launch altitude usually small diameter lucky area heated unstable air looking excuse bust loose somewhere field What Assuming Sniffler set up like mineto go dead quiet sinkstart search lift tacking laterally across field view upwind no lift found after max two passes head downwind Again start lift search tacking fashion across face wind Look area pitch Sniffler tone about slightly above tone Sniffler rest Make wide flat turns during turn bear several quite few short increases pitch tone remain circling suc ceeding circle should see slight increase alti tude As plane ascends duration inten sity pitch change should increase until less hear steady high-pitched tone Congratulations now altitude thermals broader positive lift component relatively easy core way Sniffler will also announce breakup thermal long before can see Some other ways using Sniffler combined common sense little knowledge Launching Most us have tendency stay winch past apex launch proper use Sniffler launch apex readily apparent Sniffler stops scream ing either start zoom release stop pulling float off line Flying Sniffler can make smoother FIBERGLASS COWLS Mere Ihan 70 cowls eelpants br Sig Pica Top-Flile Jemco Nosen Pilot Stafford Radials Behrens Darmhausen W E Tech other kits piano One-piece laminated construction 01 handlaid fiberglass strong hut lightweight Send SASE price list please include names models interested parts call between 9AM 8 PM EDT information COD ordering hope hear 1mm youl STER703 890-6017 Dept MA Ri i etc 530 Goodejew VA 24095 DUELLIST hottest plane have ever flown Its simple nothing compares WACO AT PICA WE LET YES ES Ohio JM Georgia DR New York OUR CUSTOMERS DO THE TALKING PICA PRODUCTS 2657 NE 188th ST MIAMI FLA 33180 Phone 1-305-935-1436 October 1987 183 -w FW-1 90 D9 ultimate scale competition IEAST Tony Frackowiaks Challenge IV Kit Atlanta KitDash Kit Hattori Headers Pipes AMA& FAI RC AerobatiC Specialties PO Box 388914-248-8603 LinCoindale NY 10540 Send $100 catalog flier Easy Follow rate change ascending/descending pitch tones found flying thermal small Up elevator inputs response descending tone Note Watch flying speed fly fast enough fly smooth smoother fly thermal efficient Glider flying faster will climb Standing Wave As approach apex standing wave tone ascends pitch past apex tone descends Try circle standing wave tone will peak quad rant circle Find peak stay lift band much same way Slope Soars ie tacking S turns wind Dynamic Soaring Dynamic Soaring steady wind almost like whipping technique used Control Line modelsbut difference first step tack across face wind build up some speed After speed has attained turn sharply wind let nose airplane come up Use eyes Sniffler tell Glider slows up stops climbing sharp stall-type down wind turn Let nose plane drop pick up airspeed Repeat turn wind path airplane will elliptic shape right plane will stay same altitude gain altitude slightly turn tech nique dynamic Soaring technique easiest learn Thermic Sniffler also useful trim ming Glider Best LID calm day set some Down trim Let Glider pick up some speed 30 40 shallow dive Sniffler tone quiet very low pitch some point about five eight seconds Glider should get step Sniffler tone will return rest stable tone Mark position transmitter elevator trim setting use searching lift stable air max duration thermal assistance Best CIL Again calm day fly plane area tone less stable same pitch Gradually feed small amounts Up trim until Glider starts porpoise Sniffler tone becomes cyclic up/down vari ations Back off gradually Up trim until Glider just stabilizes Mark trim setting best C/L setting used rising unstable air after plane has settled usable thermal Two hints Dont fly tone fly plane Second have tone turned down until just audible eyes still best way tell plane lift Sniffler aid miracle Electrostatic stabilizers previous section about devices designed inform plane lift Now going talk about amazing gadget can actuallyfly plane electrostatic stabilizer ES operates like autopilot tries keep plane straight-and-level attitude Interest ES zoomed after 85 Westover Nats Helmut Lelke Massachusetts amazed everyone flying original Two-Meter Heidi little plane led two classes after three rounds fin ished second Unlimited third Two-Meter fourth Standard classes Heidi just little unusual ailerons flaps flying stab no rudder E-205 airfoil plank wing no dihedral What really unusual Heidi electrostatic stabilizers both roll pitch controls Granted Nats normal con test because quite windy row trees downwind provided some Slope-type lift Helmut consistently flew Heidi down over trees just parked didnt have worry about gusts wind pushing plane trees because stabilizers maintained Heidi position Dan Pruss reported Helmuts plane January 86 Soaring column mentioned circuit diagram ES available him Dan Unfortunately Dan became sick shortly after dont know got mail diagrams dont have circuit cant help score remainder part will about inventor ES namely Maynard Hill Silver Spring MD efforts bring practical ES units modelers Maynard longtime modeler both Power Gliders setter several world records Speed Height Distance first published paper ES 1972 has working up present Much work has RPVs Remotely Piloted Vehicles government has just last year Maynard has felt ES ready use modelers Pro totype units have well-tested flight report follows below interested fliers may now buy directly Maynard Aero Probe Tech nology 2001 Norvale Road Silver Spring MD 20906 price per unit $174 including specified type connectors plus additional $28 two required ionizer units Maynard recommends interested send $5 formation packet explains operation stallation decide buy unit $5 applicable toward purchase price Now lets let Maynard explain ES works Electrostatic stabilizers can used provide automatic wing leveling pitch-attitude sta bilization such way time let go RC stick airplane will right itself attitude including inverted fly level wing leveler called Roll Axis Stabilizer Lunited Edition ectors Issue Capture action excitement planes pilots years NATS beautiful 14 page full color 12x 18 commemorative 1988 calendar ORDER NOW monly $995 Before thisjoShipping & handling LIMITED EDITION$250 first calendar Collectors Calendar EXPRESSIVE IMAGE STUDIOS $100 ea addtl sold out OFFICIAL Photographers AMA NATS 6818 Odana Road Madison WI 53719 608 833-9490 Dealer Inquiries Invited _____________________________ BC PRODUCTS NEW BULLET SPINNER Made 6061 Aluminum & weighs under loz 1 diameter 11/4 long /4 radius nose Specify thread engine size & make $600 & pay shipping US BC PRODUCTS 111 N Starkweather Pampa TX 79065 call 806 665-6361 accept MC/VISA & Money Orders Texas add 514O/ sales tax 184 Model Aviation ATTENTION AMA MEMBERS THE ALL NEW 11th EDITION Radio Control Buyets Guide IS HOT OFF THE PRESS Hobbyists Guide World Radio Control have visited AMA Museum let Radio Control Buyers Guide take See eight pages full color models photo graphed AMA Museum plus much THERES NO OTHER SOURCE LIKE IT Thousands photos descriptions up-to-date information Aircraft s os Systems nes ware s Finishing Materials ssories Videos Dealers local hobby shop does stock copies Guide please send request payment $1 495 $1195 postage/handling RADIO CONTROL BUYERS GUIDE Clifton House ton VA 22024 may use VISA MasterCard charge payment sending card number expiration date order pitch attitude system called Pitch Axis Stabilizer separate unit used axis boxes electronics identical can used interchangeably figure found else columned summarizes prin ciples Briefly system relies fact fair weather DC electric field atmosphere vector field usually points straight up equipotential planes parallel earths surface poten tial gradient field near earths surface usually order 100 200 volts per meter Can believe head would charged about 350 volts hips would sit 125 volts nice summer dayexcept fact body pretty good conductor charge thats deposited head leaks off ground Could believe top Empire State Building would about 20000 volts werent conductor Thats right Bricks wood similar materials ordi narily think insulators fact good enough conductors bleed off minuscule cur rent can delivered voltage source sensor system used electrostatic auto pilots designed detect differences volt age atmosphere wing tip wing tip aircraft banked nose tail its diving climbing two-meter-span Sailplane might see 200-volt difference tip tip 450 banked attitude difference will drop zero airplane level voltage differences sensed board airplane processed servo commands automatically apply correct controls bring airplane level flight times atmospheric field vertical conditions exist sys tem will cause airplane fly level may tact cause airplane fly inverted go steep banks dives conditions arise near thunderstorms some snow rain storms blowing dust storms Disturbances can also occur near factory chimneys fitted electrostatic precipitators pollution con trol Fortunately weather conditions locations suitable flying RC mod els unlikely will encounter such dis turbances Just case however units fitted auxiliary control allows disengage system system switched off airplane under normal RC control Generally necessary take new air plane aloft RC engage system test proper trim gain Adjustments usually needed especially pitch axis recommended novices try use de vice takeoff brand-new airplane simply hopes will possible fly out having previous experience device can great help learning fly should always skilled pilot around first check system properly trimmed Maynard has written much complete explanation theory electrostatic stabiliza tion including references scientific papers himself others has mailed inter ested modelers As service column readers take some load off Maynard will send Xerox copy write requesting italong large SASE Flight-testing electrostatic stabilizer test-flew Maynards units two planes belonging Ray Marvin RMSA clubmate may remember Ray CD 81 Sac remento F3B World Champs F3B Team Selection Committee chairman Nats CD NSS Member Large full-size sailplane instructor Before going Rays test report few other items interest Maynard should passed along wing-leveler installed Sailplane can three things I It brings Sailplane wings-level attitude time let go control stick plane can inverted let go stick will right itself handy plane speck sky get confused 2 will prevent airplane going inverted steep spiral dives properly set up hard-over roll control will produce steady bank angle about 300 450 handy thermaling limits visibility 3 windy turbulent conditions sys tem automatically generates correctional com mands instant airplane buffeted can much quicker disturbance has pass through eyeballs brain out control stick device smooths out flight better can ground fundamental aerodynamic problem item 3 rudder steering widely used thermal Soarers try make system fast enough respond gusts rudderyaw-bank process goes oscillation Glider waggles like trout swimming upstream eliminate waggle damper capacitor fil ter must plugged sensor circuit slow response bottom line rudder roll control can have 2 above 3 roll gust smoothing very effective use ailerons can set system will bring wings level 450 bank about secondinstead three four seconds October 1987 185 -ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX 4-M Company51 AMA Membership103 Ace Radio Control18 179 Advanced Glider Concepts53 Aero Plans N Parts63 Aerospace Composite Products168 Airtronics2 171 American Jr Aircraft Co174 Astro Flight4 BC Products184 Quay Barber Models140 Behrlan Corp138 Bell Rock Industries47 Blackbird International87 Blair Craft Scientific Inc16 Blue Ridge Machinery & Tools178 Bolar Heli Resesarch168 Bradley Products22 Bruce/Beeson Publishing179 Byron Originals158-161 CH Electronics Campbell Tools Co179 Carolina-Taffinder144 Johnnie Casburn Mfg172 Central Arizona Modelers145 Chicago Model & Hobby Show180 Circus Hobbies17 Cleveland Model Supply18 Eric Clutton178 Coverite152 Cox Hobbies151 DGA Designs156 D&R Aircraft Mfg51 Davey Systems Corp34 Davis Diesel Development20 Dougs Hobby Shop163-167 Al Doyle179 Du-Bro Products Inc16 EHS Trading Ltd60 Expressive Image Studios184 FAI Model Supply60 FHS Supply Inc5 Fiberglass Master183 Flyline Models174 Birds47 Fourmost Products63 Futaba Corp America23 GM Precision Products140 Gas Model Products156 Gator RC Products10 Carl Goldberg Models33 Golden Gate East183 Gorham Model Products9 Great Planes Model Mfg35 Helicopters Unlimited11 High Sky152 Historic Aviation45 Hobby Barn139 Hobby Horn22 Hobby Lobby International178 Hobbypoxy Products62 Hobby Radio162 Hobby Woods4 Indy RC Sales Inc146-1 48 Larry Jolly Model Products144 Jomar183 JTec140 K&B Mfg182 K&S Engineering60 K W Enterprises178 Kirks Sportsworld173 Kraft Midwest34 Kustom Kraftsmanship182 Kyosho97 Lake Enterprises168 Leisure Electronics155 Lone Star Models20 MACS Products144 Matts Model Airplanes152 McDaniel RC Service41 Micro Mark12-13 Micro Model Engineering63 Model Rectifier CorpCovers 2 & 3 1 Mutchiers Hobbies142-143 NEPRO Navillus Industries62 Nor-Ray Products Inc49 Northeast Aerodynamics36 Northeast Screen Graphics47 PFR/CM15 Pacer36 170 176 184 Paper Airplanes Intl49 Peck-Polymers140 Pelican Enterprises162 Penn International Chem169 Penn Valley Hobby Center182 Pica Products181-183 Polks Hobby94-95 Progress Mfg Co149 Pro-Tune Corp36 RC Buyers Guide185 RC Extras174 RC Soaring Digest168 RJL Industries49 RN Models60 Red Max Fuel5 Radio South150 Robbe Modellsport3237 Roush Manufacturing20 S&D Model Products162 SR Batteries38 STM141 Safety Plus16 Saito61 Satellite City85 Scale Plans & Photo Service178 Scotts RC Paradise179 Shamrock Competition Imports172 Sheldons Hobby Shop22 Sig Mfg Co6-7154 Bob Smith Industries5562 Sullivan Products38153 Sunshine Hobbies21 Swanson Assoc63 T&D Fiberglass Spec62 Tatone Products Co41 Time-Life Books19 Top Flite Models Inc152 Tower Hobbies177 Tru-Turn8 VK Model Aircraft Co168 Victor Engineering55 Bob Violett Models176 WE Technical Services8 Webra175 Williams Brothers53 Wilshire Model Center41 Windsor Propeller Co55 Wing Mfg Co18 World EnginesCover 4 YSFutaba187 Yale Hobby Mfg Inc157 Zenith Aviation39 Zimpro Marketing51 filtered rudder As result airplane flies smoother bumpy weather Electrostatic pitch stabilizers work same regardless whether have rudder ailerons First off typical Gliders pitch-stable selves dont really need auxiliary pitch sta bilization fly hands off install electrostatic unit can set up airplane will recover upsets automatically quickly instead going through three four swooping dives climbs can confuse youre high sky can set up snappy enough smooth out flight gusts will also prevent diving too steeply limits visibility electrostatic reasons ever pitch system easy optimize roll system t recommend try wingleveler first familiarize yourself sys tem wing-leveler pitch-stabilizer iden tical separate units contained black box 15 x 20 x 09 Cable connectors plug receiver servo No servo modi fications needed Installation wingleveler consists flush-mounting ionizer device about x x 025 wing tip running single wire copper tape sensor either inside wing along trailing edge pitch stabilization two ionizers can mounted fuselage near nose near tail Theres also way both axes three ionizers tip tail Staticmaster ionizers use isotope polonium decays weakens time units have useful life about nine months application can install sensor check out bench ionizers installed must installed plane system function flight ionizers emit harmless alpha particles penetrate skin widely used commercial antistatic applications common being brushes toremove lint phonograph records An auxiliary proportional channel On/Off like retracts used tum Stabilizer off flight control also provides way change gain system model flight can bring smoothing effect maximum overdoing having plane go rock roll oscillation Now Rays observations ran trials using two different models 50-in-span rudder/elevator-controlled Sailaire 18-in-span Gobbler has flaperons full-span ailerons Tests Sailaire 001 microfarad capacitor damper connected across wing tip ionizer units After getting off tow establishing straight flight path autopilot turned minor adjustments rudder trim plane would maintain straight flight path put turn stick re leased autopilot would return plane straight flight path after about 1800 turn Rud der deflections apparent perhaps gross gain could have increased obtain rapid response case Sailaire slow respond rudder owing its large wing polyhedral Because factors Sailaire considered best test plane 186 Model Aviation Full-size Plan List available complete listing plans previously published magazine through No537 may obtained free charge writing enclose stamped pre-addressed envelope Model Aviation 1810 Samuel Morse Dr Reston VA 22090 en sw AWS C2 Ct m 3m Cb S r 00 2 t a r N--c Cm 5 F -c 4- o a 0 21 bc -ccc 4 S-_ 0 - 3-StC 0 S S S 305 j S 4 -L 0 0 Th 2 -g- 2 -ou0 o 00 ecn- o C n E on C- 4 Cr01 Cr0 001 - a CO Ca 01 -J CO Ca 0 0 0 cr a- cr CD 02 31 5 Ca C LU Ca U 02 02 0 02 0 0 CC 0 -c 0 C C 0 0 0 CD 010101010101-0 -0 Na 0201-0 Ca Ca Na CO -002 Ca01-JCO--CO-0Na 0CJ CrC31 Cit 0 Ca 02C1-~CaNa0 LU 002020 Na Na 0 -40 01010101010101-0 Ca 0201-00 Ca Na 001- 01 4-J CO Ca Ca Na -00 Cii Cii Cii Cii 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca Na Ccii Na 0 02 0 Na LU Cii Ca -J 02 01010101010101-002 020101-0 Cc Na 002 Ca -J CO Ca 0102020 Na 22222 a 222222222222222222 a 22222222222222 a a a a a 2222222222222 aaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa40aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ga aaab6sw41LaCa4aC-abaoa C-j 04 Wa . q g nj.4 2raa4 a5C 5 a-C SC-ODD-c am4i44-4aCS aa .rnaDgst rcmaa tCW4 rrrcA-a -5caE gtacr0W2-uX00 0 5P -- -,a na---- tMe0~ C a-C0 55 aa c-cu 4 4~= - = 0 a,,PS cc _Ca. 4 C C 54aac- nn=c-c- c2n El U L-n 9 o CD 2 ~@Cc-02 c-c g1 C-Cfl -c cc- cW c-ca c-c- S --- c-4-C=~ nsRU4002 xa oC ra a4r CSCa400a40 AA-c-cS2DC2A- rc aC---c-coz C oCo S~-a-aX . -C 0 4C4 U42C-c 4-C2~4 -o aV22CW2CC 44a 4- o~- Sa4o1 C42floCU ~cc-caLrCa22n0a CCWua~Ia- 4Co-co COC fl4UoUC0 a0 4a CC 5 0 o c4o0a240Ca -- OaCnCxta4C~4 C o 1oC -CCC -o 52 o4 C0CCCC 402 CCC 04CC 000 &S0 004 054 Noc-c-c -cciaroo -- 0 4_ 3-Caa CS-Ceo -4_C04~ aaiiaaanCgC2 COE4c-CO C000-o-a gaS4C2aC0~~Co C 2CCC 22-2 cr20 2C-C- floS 4CocaoC--0r4C5CS-cCCCaCCCC2C C4- n42ccC-04o02o5 44W0CC4oCw244o4o42c-S4--52-Sao sC-aSaasaaC0C02 0C44oe4cCC4-SCN3C S o 0C 04 043 C-CoCao 40 _-CCC 04 00CrNnS 52 x- 2C 42g 2&oat. 0 0 C 4_ Wo2Cj oaoo5C _55t7402ai o4 raC- CCcCariSrzo- 04-C CC-2 C#a _ 4 UOcc o Co 2 2tt C S4-0oina04 oCcnC20cCCo2CtD 2-o 500 ao-0430C aoo5CCS2 02C4C c550 25 C- 02COC0CC40~ 544oC5Wb24 Cc0Cc flCo- 22C-U- SrCCCAa~rCS zto a-a4c-~a- 2 Cs5too-g 52C 42J4 2oSCCtOC C-aC43CoO CCCc 25aiZa 2-55SCCC202a 5C-o 5 C4-~4 0 I470c50o0C0CC_ r-:~ 0gW~t54442a4aoTo* C-CO0-5u4 S 5Ca22C-ooi~ C-a C-o C C 24'-~50 tOcow 4 3C.CCC.a224 -ta 0- 52C-o CoOc-c 00a42eC CC.a004%1c2j2go0r 00 Ci-3Uc- FC0YCc-2 2 04Ca 5 CagC--5o420- JO 5C Xoa2aao5 0 -4t. - C C444 4a~ 4-C-4 54 a $-cO ~~5-022 C-2 00 0 05 toO2 3j0 22 01010101010101-0 Ca 020201-0 Ca2 Na -0202 020 Na -00202 Na 0102 002 Cc 00 U CO 0-o0- 0 0 0Cc 2 o U 0- U o&w 8 0- n 0 U U 043 P2 o- - 0 B - 0--0 Cc 2 0- n 00 0 00- Cc 0 Pt U Cu Pt CD CD 0 0 ~ou SQ- 0 00 W 0 C- 0 n o -o CcC 0-0 00 o Cc 0- 3-o B -4-1 00-c Cc -- ~0~0n 0- -.50 ag 0 -4 6 OQ CD a-CD 1 o Sm p 0 0 0 0 3x - 0- 0 U3 0 4 Nj tot- 0 o to0 o o 0 Ca o C-fl 02 Co tto 2 2 29 104r C 3- o- o t C- 5- C C 0 0 0 40- 0-0 q040O0Th0C 00 C-8 0c C00 no 000 0 C-~3-t04 0CoQ804 go 40 5t%8Ca 2o2 3 - 8 0 0 Z0 o 003- &P 4 0 008 0 0- C- -00 2222 o a a ci ci ci ci CD CD CD CD CD 4 CD 01 c- C- m m rC mx no 8 ci o 0 CD _ 0 0 CD 0 C- CD cia M CD 0W00 0 Q j-01B- B 0e -fl-CO a--CD-CD -0- -00-r-C0 -CcC4V r-s~ CJ2 0--4ED0 Cn 0- 0fl- - --: D 0 fl C CgCJ m Zs Ca 0-~ 0 O~0 0 0 N- D o -J -4 -4 o ci ci ci r04 003-52 CC-C ~0 300 0 ~4o4a-5-fl4 Cot 0-—0-CC-0-0 2-C0-00 2830 4 000 40- r 0003-0t- C 3--300 o 4 5 0-20Th C 0 008on4oO7g00 -g o o008 -02 oh40$C00-_ o 0 0- 4 3- 4 3-9 S3 4C0-00-0 COCrcc0o0-~4 ~ 3000O 004 00- OC-0 4 ccC00 300- 0-40C00C-C 00

Radio Control Soaring Byron Blakeslee APOLOGY F3B team Back June column talked about budget F3B Team An editorial insertion made clarify situation may have fact caused some con fusion Dr David Williams teams media coordinator brought offending sentence attention Expenses travel room/board etc spouses other team support personnel paid team members contributions supporters does not mean wives supporters going Germany money contributed contributions went expenses eight team members What sentence meant spouses supporters like Dr Williams part eight-man team expenses Germany families account Im sorry didnt catch earlier straighten out timely fashion time read World Championships will have over about month hope situation now cleared up no Sailplaners put off time EASTERN KJv\ SOARING SOCIETY Club month Eastem Iowa Soaring Society CEISS currently has 56 members Iowa Wisconsin Minnesota Illinois formed promote Soaring provide information-exchange base types Soar ing has three LSF Level V fliers about five working Level V team years SOAR Great Race will have 11 mem bers going Nats Lincoln its three teams will try new Dan Pruss Memorial Team Award information comes EISS President LeRoy Satterlee goes say put popular winter Building Clinic year over 65 attendees time clinic gets larger better year EISS sponsored first National Soaring Skills Sym posium spring Blakesburg IAon air field Antique Aircraft Association idea host teaching event anyone interest improving his/her Soaring skills demonstrated types launching techniques including hand-tow slow fast winch mini regular high-starts Also demonstrated basic thermaling F3B Speed Distance tasks Aerobatics spot-landing techniques slightly over 150 participants guests positive comments received planning make annual event things seems keep club interest high rule regarding contest fees No EISS event has fee higher $3 Prizes some times consist no ribbon hand shake accompanied Well done em phasis having fun collecting trophies give out trophies recycled pool trophies has donated back club CD need pay changing name plates Slope Race fun-fly hold duration con tests have F3B Hand-Launch contests go cross-country trials Variety spice life say actively encourage participation young people wives join contests picnics Besides report LeRoy also included several photos thank him EISS ob viously very active group Building Clinic Soaring Skills Symposium espe cially noteworthy fine example Sailplaners taking time give something back hobby/sport EISS congratulated accomplishing some significant things will make Soaring better us 52 Model Aviation F-20 Power Scale Slope soarer DY avancea Gilder ioncepis kit available Wilshire Modei Center other shops California cater Giider crowd scale activity Fiorida Bernie Coieman owns 4-meter Discus Graupner kit ieft weli 154 CEisman kit top Tony Arnoux owns other two AS-Wi 7T SB1O Roke kits Arnoux photo EiSS Slope activity Jim PorterLSF Level V about launch Griffon flying wing EiSS president LeRoy Satterlee hIs Ugly Suckerrenamed Sweet Thing after completed 8-hr Slope flight itl Orange fuse green wing tail IONOSPHERE ----300 KV Positive 1- t t- 1- t- 5 VPGC1OV/M AT Z 10K FT 2 U toto toto o UU 0DFOUIPOTCNTIAL PLANES toto U VPGC100V/M AT Z FT EARTHNegative Simplified atmospheric modei visuailz ihg operation Maynard Hiiis ciectrostatic voitage atabiiization system modeis Lift-Detecting Devices Wouldnt wonderful could buy gadget would tell us exactly good air Well probably cause would take away much challenge sport electronic devices can buy will tell plane has en countered Up air has around quite called Thermic Sniffler developed Don Clark Walt Good now made Ace RIC Inc below other lift-detecting device fairly new market has no radio link flier sells $3995 Mark version $4995 MK II new item Ther mal Mixer made High Sky 3929 Kansas Street #9 San Diego CA 92104 Its principle same Sniffler uses decrease atmospheric pressure increasing elevation detect plane rising plane ascending air flows out small sealed chamber because pressure outside chamber decreasing course plane descending opposite happens Full-size sailplanes use principle variometers rate-of-climb indicators High Sky Thermal Mixer contained small plastic case measuring 23 x 15 X 06 weighs ounce plugs between receiver rudder servo convenient tape receiver case operates deflect ing planes rudder plane rising plane flying along straight level suddenly makes nice turn itself know ascending mixer can set up turn either left right course automatic turn during launch would extremely bad news Mixer also plugged proportional trim channellike throttleto control mixer Off dium full MK Mixer works plane rising MK II can adjusted throttle control turn rudder plane sinking less three feet per second tried Thermal Mixer LJMP Meteor can assure works radio mixer can raise plane several feet hand artd sure enough rudder deflects Continued page 182 r Capacitive Discharge Ignition CH Electronics Breakerless CD Ignition System can installed engine 15 large chainsaw type new 90 15 two four stroke engines perfect converting CH Ignition system new kits plans dirplanes lust becoming available perfect size engine Four stroke engines beautiful ign Detonation death four stroke enginewhen control engine timing can stop detonation makes engine run much cooler & develops power-plus no kickback & very low idle CH system used engine expertsMaynard Hill George Aldridge Doran Hiatt Cliff Bennett Otto Bernhart mare Maynard Hill used CH system last two world records Available ail two four stroke engines single twin cylinder Throttle Coupied Spark Advance kits available popuiar engines Custom engine set-up available Cali write price quote Now IETCl electronic timing control information brochure price list send $100 CH Electronics Inc Advanced Glider Concepts Jet-Styled Slope Soarers e Foam wing 1/64 ply sheeting Fiberglass fuselage balsa & linkages Full instructions e 2-ch radio required Advanced Glider Concepts Il lets Box 1732 Riverton WY 82501 Phone 307-857-6897 October 1987 53 j PO Box 1019 Manhattan Beach CA 90266 WOW AUTOGIRO IIUII-IIIUIUOU pissis psi military decal markings ss FOR COMPLETE COLOR CAl P0LJG MA 181 PAWNEE STREET SAN MARCOS CA 92069 CALL FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT ON VISA OR MASTERCARD SPECIALISTS IN CUSTOM COX TEE DEE & REED ENGINES 020S 049S 05 1S & 095 ALL CUSTOM & STOCK PARTS VAILABLE INDIVIDUALLY MANY NEW PARTS FOR OLD DISCONTINUED COX ENGINES COX PROPS & GLOW HEADS COMPETITION ACCESSORIES & CUSTOMIZED K&B ENGINES ALS COMPLETE LINE OF RACING PARTS BEE FiREBALL & KAB PLUGS SOLID LINES RACING WHEELS OWCK FILLS ETC E ALSO STOCK CARBON FiBER KLO7Z OIL LATEX9 SILICONE FUEL TUBING PEN BLADDER MATERIALS & HARDTO-FIND HARDWARE ESPECIALLY 2-569 3-48 SIZES COILS CONDENSERS NGK PLUGS SILK 12 COLORS QUALITY DOPE BRUSHES 597 LOOP RUBBER BANDS KSB SEELIG& IGNITION TIMERS GAS9 DIESEL FUEL TUBING TRANSISTOR IGNITlON SYSTEMS RESISTOR HI-TENSION LEADS 1/2A TEXACO PLA YBOY SR K 1/2A TEXACO ENGINES 9 PARTS EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR OLD T1AERINCLUDING REPLICA OR WICK ENGINES tal FAI judges FAI Jury members also received same souvenir first- second- third-place pilots re ceived much larger version souve nir trophy close banquet mentioned attending Third FAI F3C World Championships will sponsored USA event presently scheduled part quadruple World Champion ships F3A F3B F3C F3D held NAS Virginia Beach around Octo ber 1989 hope contest will reflect same excellent organizational abilities demonstrated Swiss camaraderie amongst individual pi lots teams witnessed throughout competition terrific idea eating lunch dinner hangar day unappealing first must admit helped keep par ticipants close together resulted new friendships Swiss Aeroclub well Peter Ob erli 40 assistants congrat ulated job very well done toughest assignment contest judging very fortunate have experienced people big thank due Lucio Della Toffola Italy Pierre Pignot France Wolfgang Roth chairman Germany Henk Schoenmaker Netherlands Heinz Sutter Switzer land Thank Peter Blommaart efforts writing daily computer newspaper about WC newspaper called HelisplitterDaily Whirl pro vided entertainment us Thank Peter Studer co-workers doing outstanding job generating computer ized contest results finally thank Fredy Pluess staff serving excellent food such friendly prompt manner day Second FAI F3C World Champion ships ended same beautiful weather begun event will long remembered fortu nate enLugh have sum mer 87 fascinating indeed member FAI Jury I When responding advertisers mention thatyou readaboutthem ModelAviation cOMET COVERITE COX DUBRO EASY BUILT MODELS ENYA- FAt FLYLINE FOX- GOLDBERG- GOLDEN AGE REPRO UGENE DUBOIS- GUILLOW- K&B K&S L R MRC- OS MAX PACTRA PECK-POLYMER PERFECT RiN MODELS SEAGLEN SIG STERLING SULLIVAN SUPER TIGRE TAFFINDER TELCO TOP FLITE- TREXLER WILLIAMS & OTHERS ESTES MODEL ROCKETS Send $100 Caah Check oc Stamp toe 44 page tabloid nice DISCOUNT Catalog 900 illustrations over 700 Kits choose ILORDER PHONEORDER IN STORE IENN VALLEY HOBBY CENTER 817 1 Kain St LansdaluPa 19441 RC Soaring/Blakeslee Continued page 53 returns neutral quit lifting Normal rudder control will override Mixer can still give plane right rudder Mixer giving left problem encountered used spoiler channel throttle 78 Kraft SC operate Mixer didnt have proportional channel left spoilers sake science forged ahead sans spoil ers six- seven-channel radio would over come problem fearful forgetting launch Mixer turned Off seeing plane make quick roll turf didnt happen- thankfully air Mixer performed exactly advertised plane rose made nice turn left kept thinking myself Xou silly plane can see youre going upyou dont need waggle rudder guess Im too set ways can see Mixer being value days lift isnt obvious plane far off its difficult tell what its doing will also appeal having interest modern electronic marvels Drop note Rainar Weibalek High Sky info telephone number 619 297-5792 Back Thermic Sniffler Its airborne unit contains miniature variometer radio trans mitter sends audio tone small receiver normally clip belt hear tone via earpiece earphone Ive found better lightweight earphones used Walkman-type radios plane flying straight level hear constant tone about 1000 Hz plane encounters Up air rises pitch tone also rises pitch decreases plane sinking Quite elegant simple solution problem knowing exactly what plane doing cause can detect vertical motion low few inches per second airborne unit 475 x 15 x 075 weighs three ounces nine-volt transistor radio battery also has two transmitting antennae 28 long Its best run down planes fuselage other tube installed wing now 10 transmitter frequen cies available five old ones 49-MHz band five 27-MHz band added year Ace brings up obvious drawback using Sniffler flier field can use particular frequency time wouldnt say Sniffler favored ma jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen irformance sten PERFORMANCE K&B tNGINES AiraneMarine K&B FUELSK&B GLOW PLUGS 9 Blends4 Choices Matched Finish System BEST APPEARANCE K&B FIBERGLASS CLOTH K&B Micro-Balloons FILLER K&B SUPER POXY RESIN K&B SUPER P0KV THINNER K&B SUPER POXY PRIMER K&B SUPER POXY PAINT K&B MIXING CUPS 182 Model Aviation WE STOCK ALL REV-UP PROPS OUR INVENTORY AVERAGES OVER 10000 PROPS! OLD TIMER SUPPLIES ORDER BY MAIL OR PHONE 714 830-5162 SORRY NO COD VISA & MASTERCARD WELCOME DEALER INGUIRIES INVITED MINIMUM MERCHANDISE ORDER $1000 SHIPPING HANDLING FEE $150 FOR INSURANCE ADD $100 ORDERS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS CALF RESIDENTS ADD 8% TAX jority Thermal competition fliers some top fliers swear absolutely essen tial however cross-country airplanes because jobs arc often flown high possible tell visual means plane rising sinking Cross-country fliers often mod ify Sniffler receivers drive small loud speaker analog meter others crew can also hear see what plane doing John Clarke former president newsletter editor Long Island Silent Fliers wrote excellent piece use Sniffler thought interesting everyone would enjoy reading Sniffler user Now have attention lets talk about Thermic Snifflers wonderful tools understand what can cannot Thermic Snifflers used confirm what eyes see air lift plane flies seldom ever ideal atmosphere very dynamic fluid subject wide variations lift caused terrain uneven heating After launch fun beginsunless its days lift everywhere Lift below launch altitude usually small diameter lucky area heated unstable air looking excuse bust loose somewhere field What Assuming Sniffler set up like mineto go dead quiet sinkstart search lift tacking laterally across field view upwind no lift found after max two passes head downwind Again start lift search tacking fashion across face wind Look area pitch Sniffler tone about slightly above tone Sniffler rest Make wide flat turns during turn bear several quite few short increases pitch tone remain circling suc ceeding circle should see slight increase alti tude As plane ascends duration inten sity pitch change should increase until less hear steady high-pitched tone Congratulations now altitude thermals broader positive lift component relatively easy core way Sniffler will also announce breakup thermal long before can see Some other ways using Sniffler combined common sense little knowledge Launching Most us have tendency stay winch past apex launch proper use Sniffler launch apex readily apparent Sniffler stops scream ing either start zoom release stop pulling float off line Flying Sniffler can make smoother FIBERGLASS COWLS Mere Ihan 70 cowls eelpants br Sig Pica Top-Flile Jemco Nosen Pilot Stafford Radials Behrens Darmhausen W E Tech other kits piano One-piece laminated construction 01 handlaid fiberglass strong hut lightweight Send SASE price list please include names models interested parts call between 9AM 8 PM EDT information COD ordering hope hear 1mm youl STER703 890-6017 Dept MA Ri i etc 530 Goodejew VA 24095 DUELLIST hottest plane have ever flown Its simple nothing compares WACO AT PICA WE LET YES ES Ohio JM Georgia DR New York OUR CUSTOMERS DO THE TALKING PICA PRODUCTS 2657 NE 188th ST MIAMI FLA 33180 Phone 1-305-935-1436 October 1987 183 -w FW-1 90 D9 ultimate scale competition IEAST Tony Frackowiaks Challenge IV Kit Atlanta KitDash Kit Hattori Headers Pipes AMA& FAI RC AerobatiC Specialties PO Box 388914-248-8603 LinCoindale NY 10540 Send $100 catalog flier Easy Follow rate change ascending/descending pitch tones found flying thermal small Up elevator inputs response descending tone Note Watch flying speed fly fast enough fly smooth smoother fly thermal efficient Glider flying faster will climb Standing Wave As approach apex standing wave tone ascends pitch past apex tone descends Try circle standing wave tone will peak quad rant circle Find peak stay lift band much same way Slope Soars ie tacking S turns wind Dynamic Soaring Dynamic Soaring steady wind almost like whipping technique used Control Line modelsbut difference first step tack across face wind build up some speed After speed has attained turn sharply wind let nose airplane come up Use eyes Sniffler tell Glider slows up stops climbing sharp stall-type down wind turn Let nose plane drop pick up airspeed Repeat turn wind path airplane will elliptic shape right plane will stay same altitude gain altitude slightly turn tech nique dynamic Soaring technique easiest learn Thermic Sniffler also useful trim ming Glider Best LID calm day set some Down trim Let Glider pick up some speed 30 40 shallow dive Sniffler tone quiet very low pitch some point about five eight seconds Glider should get step Sniffler tone will return rest stable tone Mark position transmitter elevator trim setting use searching lift stable air max duration thermal assistance Best CIL Again calm day fly plane area tone less stable same pitch Gradually feed small amounts Up trim until Glider starts porpoise Sniffler tone becomes cyclic up/down vari ations Back off gradually Up trim until Glider just stabilizes Mark trim setting best C/L setting used rising unstable air after plane has settled usable thermal Two hints Dont fly tone fly plane Second have tone turned down until just audible eyes still best way tell plane lift Sniffler aid miracle Electrostatic stabilizers previous section about devices designed inform plane lift Now going talk about amazing gadget can actuallyfly plane electrostatic stabilizer ES operates like autopilot tries keep plane straight-and-level attitude Interest ES zoomed after 85 Westover Nats Helmut Lelke Massachusetts amazed everyone flying original Two-Meter Heidi little plane led two classes after three rounds fin ished second Unlimited third Two-Meter fourth Standard classes Heidi just little unusual ailerons flaps flying stab no rudder E-205 airfoil plank wing no dihedral What really unusual Heidi electrostatic stabilizers both roll pitch controls Granted Nats normal con test because quite windy row trees downwind provided some Slope-type lift Helmut consistently flew Heidi down over trees just parked didnt have worry about gusts wind pushing plane trees because stabilizers maintained Heidi position Dan Pruss reported Helmuts plane January 86 Soaring column mentioned circuit diagram ES available him Dan Unfortunately Dan became sick shortly after dont know got mail diagrams dont have circuit cant help score remainder part will about inventor ES namely Maynard Hill Silver Spring MD efforts bring practical ES units modelers Maynard longtime modeler both Power Gliders setter several world records Speed Height Distance first published paper ES 1972 has working up present Much work has RPVs Remotely Piloted Vehicles government has just last year Maynard has felt ES ready use modelers Pro totype units have well-tested flight report follows below interested fliers may now buy directly Maynard Aero Probe Tech nology 2001 Norvale Road Silver Spring MD 20906 price per unit $174 including specified type connectors plus additional $28 two required ionizer units Maynard recommends interested send $5 formation packet explains operation stallation decide buy unit $5 applicable toward purchase price Now lets let Maynard explain ES works Electrostatic stabilizers can used provide automatic wing leveling pitch-attitude sta bilization such way time let go RC stick airplane will right itself attitude including inverted fly level wing leveler called Roll Axis Stabilizer Lunited Edition ectors Issue Capture action excitement planes pilots years NATS beautiful 14 page full color 12x 18 commemorative 1988 calendar ORDER NOW monly $995 Before thisjoShipping & handling LIMITED EDITION$250 first calendar Collectors Calendar EXPRESSIVE IMAGE STUDIOS $100 ea addtl sold out OFFICIAL Photographers AMA NATS 6818 Odana Road Madison WI 53719 608 833-9490 Dealer Inquiries Invited _____________________________ BC PRODUCTS NEW BULLET SPINNER Made 6061 Aluminum & weighs under loz 1 diameter 11/4 long /4 radius nose Specify thread engine size & make $600 & pay shipping US BC PRODUCTS 111 N Starkweather Pampa TX 79065 call 806 665-6361 accept MC/VISA & Money Orders Texas add 514O/ sales tax 184 Model Aviation ATTENTION AMA MEMBERS THE ALL NEW 11th EDITION Radio Control Buyets Guide IS HOT OFF THE PRESS Hobbyists Guide World Radio Control have visited AMA Museum let Radio Control Buyers Guide take See eight pages full color models photo graphed AMA Museum plus much THERES NO OTHER SOURCE LIKE IT Thousands photos descriptions up-to-date information Aircraft s os Systems nes ware s Finishing Materials ssories Videos Dealers local hobby shop does stock copies Guide please send request payment $1 495 $1195 postage/handling RADIO CONTROL BUYERS GUIDE Clifton House ton VA 22024 may use VISA MasterCard charge payment sending card number expiration date order pitch attitude system called Pitch Axis Stabilizer separate unit used axis boxes electronics identical can used interchangeably figure found else columned summarizes prin ciples Briefly system relies fact fair weather DC electric field atmosphere vector field usually points straight up equipotential planes parallel earths surface poten tial gradient field near earths surface usually order 100 200 volts per meter Can believe head would charged about 350 volts hips would sit 125 volts nice summer dayexcept fact body pretty good conductor charge thats deposited head leaks off ground Could believe top Empire State Building would about 20000 volts werent conductor Thats right Bricks wood similar materials ordi narily think insulators fact good enough conductors bleed off minuscule cur rent can delivered voltage source sensor system used electrostatic auto pilots designed detect differences volt age atmosphere wing tip wing tip aircraft banked nose tail its diving climbing two-meter-span Sailplane might see 200-volt difference tip tip 450 banked attitude difference will drop zero airplane level voltage differences sensed board airplane processed servo commands automatically apply correct controls bring airplane level flight times atmospheric field vertical conditions exist sys tem will cause airplane fly level may tact cause airplane fly inverted go steep banks dives conditions arise near thunderstorms some snow rain storms blowing dust storms Disturbances can also occur near factory chimneys fitted electrostatic precipitators pollution con trol Fortunately weather conditions locations suitable flying RC mod els unlikely will encounter such dis turbances Just case however units fitted auxiliary control allows disengage system system switched off airplane under normal RC control Generally necessary take new air plane aloft RC engage system test proper trim gain Adjustments usually needed especially pitch axis recommended novices try use de vice takeoff brand-new airplane simply hopes will possible fly out having previous experience device can great help learning fly should always skilled pilot around first check system properly trimmed Maynard has written much complete explanation theory electrostatic stabiliza tion including references scientific papers himself others has mailed inter ested modelers As service column readers take some load off Maynard will send Xerox copy write requesting italong large SASE Flight-testing electrostatic stabilizer test-flew Maynards units two planes belonging Ray Marvin RMSA clubmate may remember Ray CD 81 Sac remento F3B World Champs F3B Team Selection Committee chairman Nats CD NSS Member Large full-size sailplane instructor Before going Rays test report few other items interest Maynard should passed along wing-leveler installed Sailplane can three things I It brings Sailplane wings-level attitude time let go control stick plane can inverted let go stick will right itself handy plane speck sky get confused 2 will prevent airplane going inverted steep spiral dives properly set up hard-over roll control will produce steady bank angle about 300 450 handy thermaling limits visibility 3 windy turbulent conditions sys tem automatically generates correctional com mands instant airplane buffeted can much quicker disturbance has pass through eyeballs brain out control stick device smooths out flight better can ground fundamental aerodynamic problem item 3 rudder steering widely used thermal Soarers try make system fast enough respond gusts rudderyaw-bank process goes oscillation Glider waggles like trout swimming upstream eliminate waggle damper capacitor fil ter must plugged sensor circuit slow response bottom line rudder roll control can have 2 above 3 roll gust smoothing very effective use ailerons can set system will bring wings level 450 bank about secondinstead three four seconds October 1987 185 -ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISERS INDEX 4-M Company51 AMA Membership103 Ace Radio Control18 179 Advanced Glider Concepts53 Aero Plans N Parts63 Aerospace Composite Products168 Airtronics2 171 American Jr Aircraft Co174 Astro Flight4 BC Products184 Quay Barber Models140 Behrlan Corp138 Bell Rock Industries47 Blackbird International87 Blair Craft Scientific Inc16 Blue Ridge Machinery & Tools178 Bolar Heli Resesarch168 Bradley Products22 Bruce/Beeson Publishing179 Byron Originals158-161 CH Electronics Campbell Tools Co179 Carolina-Taffinder144 Johnnie Casburn Mfg172 Central Arizona Modelers145 Chicago Model & Hobby Show180 Circus Hobbies17 Cleveland Model Supply18 Eric Clutton178 Coverite152 Cox Hobbies151 DGA Designs156 D&R Aircraft Mfg51 Davey Systems Corp34 Davis Diesel Development20 Dougs Hobby Shop163-167 Al Doyle179 Du-Bro Products Inc16 EHS Trading Ltd60 Expressive Image Studios184 FAI Model Supply60 FHS Supply Inc5 Fiberglass Master183 Flyline Models174 Birds47 Fourmost Products63 Futaba Corp America23 GM Precision Products140 Gas Model Products156 Gator RC Products10 Carl Goldberg Models33 Golden Gate East183 Gorham Model Products9 Great Planes Model Mfg35 Helicopters Unlimited11 High Sky152 Historic Aviation45 Hobby Barn139 Hobby Horn22 Hobby Lobby International178 Hobbypoxy Products62 Hobby Radio162 Hobby Woods4 Indy RC Sales Inc146-1 48 Larry Jolly Model Products144 Jomar183 JTec140 K&B Mfg182 K&S Engineering60 K W Enterprises178 Kirks Sportsworld173 Kraft Midwest34 Kustom Kraftsmanship182 Kyosho97 Lake Enterprises168 Leisure Electronics155 Lone Star Models20 MACS Products144 Matts Model Airplanes152 McDaniel RC Service41 Micro Mark12-13 Micro Model Engineering63 Model Rectifier CorpCovers 2 & 3 1 Mutchiers Hobbies142-143 NEPRO Navillus Industries62 Nor-Ray Products Inc49 Northeast Aerodynamics36 Northeast Screen Graphics47 PFR/CM15 Pacer36 170 176 184 Paper Airplanes Intl49 Peck-Polymers140 Pelican Enterprises162 Penn International Chem169 Penn Valley Hobby Center182 Pica Products181-183 Polks Hobby94-95 Progress Mfg Co149 Pro-Tune Corp36 RC Buyers Guide185 RC Extras174 RC Soaring Digest168 RJL Industries49 RN Models60 Red Max Fuel5 Radio South150 Robbe Modellsport3237 Roush Manufacturing20 S&D Model Products162 SR Batteries38 STM141 Safety Plus16 Saito61 Satellite City85 Scale Plans & Photo Service178 Scotts RC Paradise179 Shamrock Competition Imports172 Sheldons Hobby Shop22 Sig Mfg Co6-7154 Bob Smith Industries5562 Sullivan Products38153 Sunshine Hobbies21 Swanson Assoc63 T&D Fiberglass Spec62 Tatone Products Co41 Time-Life Books19 Top Flite Models Inc152 Tower Hobbies177 Tru-Turn8 VK Model Aircraft Co168 Victor Engineering55 Bob Violett Models176 WE Technical Services8 Webra175 Williams Brothers53 Wilshire Model Center41 Windsor Propeller Co55 Wing Mfg Co18 World EnginesCover 4 YSFutaba187 Yale Hobby Mfg Inc157 Zenith Aviation39 Zimpro Marketing51 filtered rudder As result airplane flies smoother bumpy weather Electrostatic pitch stabilizers work same regardless whether have rudder ailerons First off typical Gliders pitch-stable selves dont really need auxiliary pitch sta bilization fly hands off install electrostatic unit can set up airplane will recover upsets automatically quickly instead going through three four swooping dives climbs can confuse youre high sky can set up snappy enough smooth out flight gusts will also prevent diving too steeply limits visibility electrostatic reasons ever pitch system easy optimize roll system t recommend try wingleveler first familiarize yourself sys tem wing-leveler pitch-stabilizer iden tical separate units contained black box 15 x 20 x 09 Cable connectors plug receiver servo No servo modi fications needed Installation wingleveler consists flush-mounting ionizer device about x x 025 wing tip running single wire copper tape sensor either inside wing along trailing edge pitch stabilization two ionizers can mounted fuselage near nose near tail Theres also way both axes three ionizers tip tail Staticmaster ionizers use isotope polonium decays weakens time units have useful life about nine months application can install sensor check out bench ionizers installed must installed plane system function flight ionizers emit harmless alpha particles penetrate skin widely used commercial antistatic applications common being brushes toremove lint phonograph records An auxiliary proportional channel On/Off like retracts used tum Stabilizer off flight control also provides way change gain system model flight can bring smoothing effect maximum overdoing having plane go rock roll oscillation Now Rays observations ran trials using two different models 50-in-span rudder/elevator-controlled Sailaire 18-in-span Gobbler has flaperons full-span ailerons Tests Sailaire 001 microfarad capacitor damper connected across wing tip ionizer units After getting off tow establishing straight flight path autopilot turned minor adjustments rudder trim plane would maintain straight flight path put turn stick re leased autopilot would return plane straight flight path after about 1800 turn Rud der deflections apparent perhaps gross gain could have increased obtain rapid response case Sailaire slow respond rudder owing its large wing polyhedral Because factors Sailaire considered best test plane 186 Model Aviation Full-size Plan List available complete listing plans previously published magazine through No537 may obtained free charge writing enclose stamped pre-addressed envelope Model Aviation 1810 Samuel Morse Dr Reston VA 22090 en sw AWS C2 Ct m 3m Cb S r 00 2 t a r N--c Cm 5 F -c 4- o a 0 21 bc -ccc 4 S-_ 0 - 3-StC 0 S S S 305 j S 4 -L 0 0 Th 2 -g- 2 -ou0 o 00 ecn- o C n E on C- 4 Cr01 Cr0 001 - a CO Ca 01 -J CO Ca 0 0 0 cr a- cr CD 02 31 5 Ca C LU Ca U 02 02 0 02 0 0 CC 0 -c 0 C C 0 0 0 CD 010101010101-0 -0 Na 0201-0 Ca Ca Na CO -002 Ca01-JCO--CO-0Na 0CJ CrC31 Cit 0 Ca 02C1-~CaNa0 LU 002020 Na Na 0 -40 01010101010101-0 Ca 0201-00 Ca Na 001- 01 4-J CO Ca Ca Na -00 Cii Cii Cii Cii 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca 0 Cii Cii 0 Ca Na Ccii Na 0 02 0 Na LU Cii Ca -J 02 01010101010101-002 020101-0 Cc Na 002 Ca -J CO Ca 0102020 Na 22222 a 222222222222222222 a 22222222222222 a a a a a 2222222222222 aaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa40aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ga aaab6sw41LaCa4aC-abaoa C-j 04 Wa . q g nj.4 2raa4 a5C 5 a-C SC-ODD-c am4i44-4aCS aa .rnaDgst rcmaa tCW4 rrrcA-a -5caE gtacr0W2-uX00 0 5P -- -,a na---- tMe0~ C a-C0 55 aa c-cu 4 4~= - = 0 a,,PS cc _Ca. 4 C C 54aac- nn=c-c- c2n El U L-n 9 o CD 2 ~@Cc-02 c-c g1 C-Cfl -c cc- cW c-ca c-c- S --- c-4-C=~ nsRU4002 xa oC ra a4r CSCa400a40 AA-c-cS2DC2A- rc aC---c-coz C oCo S~-a-aX . -C 0 4C4 U42C-c 4-C2~4 -o aV22CW2CC 44a 4- o~- Sa4o1 C42floCU ~cc-caLrCa22n0a CCWua~Ia- 4Co-co COC fl4UoUC0 a0 4a CC 5 0 o c4o0a240Ca -- OaCnCxta4C~4 C o 1oC -CCC -o 52 o4 C0CCCC 402 CCC 04CC 000 &S0 004 054 Noc-c-c -cciaroo -- 0 4_ 3-Caa CS-Ceo -4_C04~ aaiiaaanCgC2 COE4c-CO C000-o-a gaS4C2aC0~~Co C 2CCC 22-2 cr20 2C-C- floS 4CocaoC--0r4C5CS-cCCCaCCCC2C C4- n42ccC-04o02o5 44W0CC4oCw244o4o42c-S4--52-Sao sC-aSaasaaC0C02 0C44oe4cCC4-SCN3C S o 0C 04 043 C-CoCao 40 _-CCC 04 00CrNnS 52 x- 2C 42g 2&oat. 0 0 C 4_ Wo2Cj oaoo5C _55t7402ai o4 raC- CCcCariSrzo- 04-C CC-2 C#a _ 4 UOcc o Co 2 2tt C S4-0oina04 oCcnC20cCCo2CtD 2-o 500 ao-0430C aoo5CCS2 02C4C c550 25 C- 02COC0CC40~ 544oC5Wb24 Cc0Cc flCo- 22C-U- SrCCCAa~rCS zto a-a4c-~a- 2 Cs5too-g 52C 42J4 2oSCCtOC C-aC43CoO CCCc 25aiZa 2-55SCCC202a 5C-o 5 C4-~4 0 I470c50o0C0CC_ r-:~ 0gW~t54442a4aoTo* C-CO0-5u4 S 5Ca22C-ooi~ C-a C-o C C 24'-~50 tOcow 4 3C.CCC.a224 -ta 0- 52C-o CoOc-c 00a42eC CC.a004%1c2j2go0r 00 Ci-3Uc- FC0YCc-2 2 04Ca 5 CagC--5o420- JO 5C Xoa2aao5 0 -4t. - C C444 4a~ 4-C-4 54 a $-cO ~~5-022 C-2 00 0 05 toO2 3j0 22 01010101010101-0 Ca 020201-0 Ca2 Na -0202 020 Na -00202 Na 0102 002 Cc 00 U CO 0-o0- 0 0 0Cc 2 o U 0- U o&w 8 0- n 0 U U 043 P2 o- - 0 B - 0--0 Cc 2 0- n 00 0 00- Cc 0 Pt U Cu Pt CD CD 0 0 ~ou SQ- 0 00 W 0 C- 0 n o -o CcC 0-0 00 o Cc 0- 3-o B -4-1 00-c Cc -- ~0~0n 0- -.50 ag 0 -4 6 OQ CD a-CD 1 o Sm p 0 0 0 0 3x - 0- 0 U3 0 4 Nj tot- 0 o to0 o o 0 Ca o C-fl 02 Co tto 2 2 29 104r C 3- o- o t C- 5- C C 0 0 0 40- 0-0 q040O0Th0C 00 C-8 0c C00 no 000 0 C-~3-t04 0CoQ804 go 40 5t%8Ca 2o2 3 - 8 0 0 Z0 o 003- &P 4 0 008 0 0- C- -00 2222 o a a ci ci ci ci CD CD CD CD CD 4 CD 01 c- C- m m rC mx no 8 ci o 0 CD _ 0 0 CD 0 C- CD cia M CD 0W00 0 Q j-01B- B 0e -fl-CO a--CD-CD -0- -00-r-C0 -CcC4V r-s~ CJ2 0--4ED0 Cn 0- 0fl- - --: D 0 fl C CgCJ m Zs Ca 0-~ 0 O~0 0 0 N- D o -J -4 -4 o ci ci ci r04 003-52 CC-C ~0 300 0 ~4o4a-5-fl4 Cot 0-—0-CC-0-0 2-C0-00 2830 4 000 40- r 0003-0t- C 3--300 o 4 5 0-20Th C 0 008on4oO7g00 -g o o008 -02 oh40$C00-_ o 0 0- 4 3- 4 3-9 S3 4C0-00-0 COCrcc0o0-~4 ~ 3000O 004 00- OC-0 4 ccC00 300- 0-40C00C-C 00