TexknTheQry article explains aspect see model its surroundings flight Perhaps points way improving landings U Irving Allison HOW MANY TIMES have come m landing really greased inthree feet up Perhaps youve come right down centerline beautiful flare touch downonly find did five feet off side runway Most us tend blame types arrivals depth perception wind phase moon other plausible excuse can think up Take heart prestigious research organizations world has come rescue am sure didnt have RC fliers mind conducting research results effort appear applicable Dr Bela Julesz Mr George Moffatt AT&T Bell Laboratories have con ducted extensive vision research studies have developed theory explaining humans see patterns objects called Texton Theory Vision shows clearly humans have two sep arate visual systems system called preattentative vision scans large areas time can distinguish among certain types elements called textons second called attentative vision attentative system like spotlight brings lot detail information within circumscribed area also has found vision can state timenot both Textons elongated shapes such ellipses rectangles line segments certain colors widths lengths angular ori entations depths velocities rates flicker Textons also have terminators ends line segments example E will have three line ends H four 5 two 0 Preattentative vision determines differences density textons cannot de termine pattern itself Only shifting attentative vision state can dividual texton relationships recognized Okayso does apply flying RC aircraft have witnessed midair Usually pilot says never saw him coming attentative mode viewing plane like spotlight order see greatest detail movement Perhaps typical flying scenario might best explain normally operate Suppose have plane happily tool ing along same time talking flying buddy off sidenot paying total attention model point preattentative state Suddenly outline wing appears below fuselage change texton pattern Preattentative vision recognizes alerts As reflex vision switches attentative state gather information changes preattentative vision picked up spotlight mode able de termine model has gone bank can verify corrective measures took transmitter sticks indeed right airplane might relax enjoy view model sails over big gully whatever off side field preattentative big picture mode can relish sights Lets turn main problem ap proach landing used have flying instructor full-scale aircraft type frequently made assertion good landing really made final ap proach final rightthe flare touch down will snap fact being Army Air Corps type flying instruc tors assertion often made top lungs advice still good both full-size RC flying have found ff1 am fighting plane down final prospects good touch down rapidly diminish Therefore practicing final ap proaches becomes mandatory trouble us myself included approaching attentative visual mode spotlight ac tually cannot see runway reality making ablindlandinginthatwe cannot see ground until almost cannot get good align ment runway seeing aircraft good news problem can learned awayby retraining visual habits Texton Theory Dr Julesz Mr Moffatt goes propose practice can learn consciously control whether preattentative attentative vision states can learn switch visual pattern back forth attentative spotlight fine-tuning aircraft attitude pre attentative broad groundrunway aircraft relationships should able greatly improve landings No arrivals suspect better pilots have already learned make visual pattern switches final just some thing learned process improving skills Lately have making conscious effort learn control vision states apply control during final approach landing cannot offer guaranteed results Continued page 147 42 Model Aviation iI(/ N ALL NOr BAD LANDING T YOU NE TO WORK ON NOLR PREATTENTATIVE V5ION BIT NOE Meanwhile out California Owen Black has working out Pacific Plan flight stations very clever Pacific Plan takes middle element possible 31M triplet puts flight station Next two outside elements placed another flight station must least 60 ft flight station containing middle element way two elements must work together create 31M physically separated enough distance 31M manage produce weak cant detected RC receiver Flight Station Game differs Pacific Plan matter intrinsic assump tions Flight Station Game algorithm based assumption fliers will eventually stand shoulder-to-shoulder ignoring AMA recommendation 25-ft spacing maintained between flight stations flight station assignments developed Flight Station Game will protect individual fliers modeler-to-modeler interference stand shoulder-to-shoulder Pacific Plan assumes required 60ft separation flight stations will main tained fliers move together some reason flight station assignments developed Pacific Plan will protect modeler-to-modeler interference Pacific Plan arranged channel assignments also avoid 20P second order product image adjacent-channel problems Owens schemes easier sell group because use RC channel no rejects Tests George P Steiner using spectrum analyzer confirm validity Owens scheme Now didnt think Flight Station Game published February 1987 issue Model Aviation permits enter examine particular arrangements RC channels used club members also provides generalized solutions 1987 1988 1991 1995 situations because built program demonstrations Version 10 tried put equal numbers RC channels flight station contained bug have killed bug made other changes now offer version 13 tries maximize number channels used automatically makes assignments flight stations unequal want version 13 now available AMA HQ 525-in SSDD disks format ted MSDOS 2x MSDOS 3x Just send check $20 payable AMA Mortgage Retirement Fund state preference special order can produce single-sided 48 tpi formats Access CCS Cromenco IBM Kaypro Lobo Memotech Radio Shack LV Morrow NEC PC Omikron Osborne Superbrain Seequa DEC VT-80 Xerox Zenith Z-100 use Mycroft Labs Inc COMPAT v32 interested having such direct disk-interchange utility yourself contact Mycroft Labs PO Box 6045 Talla hassee FL 32314 want create version 13 ofFSGAME modifying copy version 10 proceed follows order make programs run some computers may necessary change param param lines 240 300 420440580600 1800 1900 2590 BASIC-80 accepts either sorhe will accept d problem trying load FSGAME Norman Rosenstocks Tandy 100 lap-size computer Some above changes put make run faster others make prettier output changes 2080-2095 correct error Version 10 George M Myers 70 Froehlich Farm Rd Hicksville NY 11801 Texton/Allison Continued page 42 case landings seem consistent substantially improved purposes article have taken liberty leaving out large por tions extraordinarily complex pat tern recognition study have used segments feel directly ap plicable control RC aircraft further information Texton Theory Vision please refer following publications AT&T Bell Laboratories Record May 1984 pp 4-7 Bell Systems Technical Journal July August 1983 pp 1619-1645 SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT May1987 147 output Pacific Plan may seem little confusing first because permits two operating transmitters flight station Flight Station Game defined flight station place transmitter operates
Edition: Model Aviation - 1987/05
Page Numbers: 42, 147
Edition: Model Aviation - 1987/05
Page Numbers: 42, 147
TexknTheQry article explains aspect see model its surroundings flight Perhaps points way improving landings U Irving Allison HOW MANY TIMES have come m landing really greased inthree feet up Perhaps youve come right down centerline beautiful flare touch downonly find did five feet off side runway Most us tend blame types arrivals depth perception wind phase moon other plausible excuse can think up Take heart prestigious research organizations world has come rescue am sure didnt have RC fliers mind conducting research results effort appear applicable Dr Bela Julesz Mr George Moffatt AT&T Bell Laboratories have con ducted extensive vision research studies have developed theory explaining humans see patterns objects called Texton Theory Vision shows clearly humans have two sep arate visual systems system called preattentative vision scans large areas time can distinguish among certain types elements called textons second called attentative vision attentative system like spotlight brings lot detail information within circumscribed area also has found vision can state timenot both Textons elongated shapes such ellipses rectangles line segments certain colors widths lengths angular ori entations depths velocities rates flicker Textons also have terminators ends line segments example E will have three line ends H four 5 two 0 Preattentative vision determines differences density textons cannot de termine pattern itself Only shifting attentative vision state can dividual texton relationships recognized Okayso does apply flying RC aircraft have witnessed midair Usually pilot says never saw him coming attentative mode viewing plane like spotlight order see greatest detail movement Perhaps typical flying scenario might best explain normally operate Suppose have plane happily tool ing along same time talking flying buddy off sidenot paying total attention model point preattentative state Suddenly outline wing appears below fuselage change texton pattern Preattentative vision recognizes alerts As reflex vision switches attentative state gather information changes preattentative vision picked up spotlight mode able de termine model has gone bank can verify corrective measures took transmitter sticks indeed right airplane might relax enjoy view model sails over big gully whatever off side field preattentative big picture mode can relish sights Lets turn main problem ap proach landing used have flying instructor full-scale aircraft type frequently made assertion good landing really made final ap proach final rightthe flare touch down will snap fact being Army Air Corps type flying instruc tors assertion often made top lungs advice still good both full-size RC flying have found ff1 am fighting plane down final prospects good touch down rapidly diminish Therefore practicing final ap proaches becomes mandatory trouble us myself included approaching attentative visual mode spotlight ac tually cannot see runway reality making ablindlandinginthatwe cannot see ground until almost cannot get good align ment runway seeing aircraft good news problem can learned awayby retraining visual habits Texton Theory Dr Julesz Mr Moffatt goes propose practice can learn consciously control whether preattentative attentative vision states can learn switch visual pattern back forth attentative spotlight fine-tuning aircraft attitude pre attentative broad groundrunway aircraft relationships should able greatly improve landings No arrivals suspect better pilots have already learned make visual pattern switches final just some thing learned process improving skills Lately have making conscious effort learn control vision states apply control during final approach landing cannot offer guaranteed results Continued page 147 42 Model Aviation iI(/ N ALL NOr BAD LANDING T YOU NE TO WORK ON NOLR PREATTENTATIVE V5ION BIT NOE Meanwhile out California Owen Black has working out Pacific Plan flight stations very clever Pacific Plan takes middle element possible 31M triplet puts flight station Next two outside elements placed another flight station must least 60 ft flight station containing middle element way two elements must work together create 31M physically separated enough distance 31M manage produce weak cant detected RC receiver Flight Station Game differs Pacific Plan matter intrinsic assump tions Flight Station Game algorithm based assumption fliers will eventually stand shoulder-to-shoulder ignoring AMA recommendation 25-ft spacing maintained between flight stations flight station assignments developed Flight Station Game will protect individual fliers modeler-to-modeler interference stand shoulder-to-shoulder Pacific Plan assumes required 60ft separation flight stations will main tained fliers move together some reason flight station assignments developed Pacific Plan will protect modeler-to-modeler interference Pacific Plan arranged channel assignments also avoid 20P second order product image adjacent-channel problems Owens schemes easier sell group because use RC channel no rejects Tests George P Steiner using spectrum analyzer confirm validity Owens scheme Now didnt think Flight Station Game published February 1987 issue Model Aviation permits enter examine particular arrangements RC channels used club members also provides generalized solutions 1987 1988 1991 1995 situations because built program demonstrations Version 10 tried put equal numbers RC channels flight station contained bug have killed bug made other changes now offer version 13 tries maximize number channels used automatically makes assignments flight stations unequal want version 13 now available AMA HQ 525-in SSDD disks format ted MSDOS 2x MSDOS 3x Just send check $20 payable AMA Mortgage Retirement Fund state preference special order can produce single-sided 48 tpi formats Access CCS Cromenco IBM Kaypro Lobo Memotech Radio Shack LV Morrow NEC PC Omikron Osborne Superbrain Seequa DEC VT-80 Xerox Zenith Z-100 use Mycroft Labs Inc COMPAT v32 interested having such direct disk-interchange utility yourself contact Mycroft Labs PO Box 6045 Talla hassee FL 32314 want create version 13 ofFSGAME modifying copy version 10 proceed follows order make programs run some computers may necessary change param param lines 240 300 420440580600 1800 1900 2590 BASIC-80 accepts either sorhe will accept d problem trying load FSGAME Norman Rosenstocks Tandy 100 lap-size computer Some above changes put make run faster others make prettier output changes 2080-2095 correct error Version 10 George M Myers 70 Froehlich Farm Rd Hicksville NY 11801 Texton/Allison Continued page 42 case landings seem consistent substantially improved purposes article have taken liberty leaving out large por tions extraordinarily complex pat tern recognition study have used segments feel directly ap plicable control RC aircraft further information Texton Theory Vision please refer following publications AT&T Bell Laboratories Record May 1984 pp 4-7 Bell Systems Technical Journal July August 1983 pp 1619-1645 SAFE FLYING IS NO ACCIDENT May1987 147 output Pacific Plan may seem little confusing first because permits two operating transmitters flight station Flight Station Game defined flight station place transmitter operates
