0 Twin Turbo Goes PRO PORTIO NAL TEGeorgeZigras ohn Worth calls Twin Turbo system biggest bargain in RC guess what absolutely right Granted has short operating range has limitations model airplanes possibly because intended small indoor RC blimps etc still RC system enormous room experimentation Some creative minds made modifications existing design made useful way another thought too should have some fun converted original on/off concept pseudo-digitalproportional system end result system original twin motors controlled digital speed controller/mixer two supplied motors produce servoless RC system brain work done Microchip tiny microcontroller uC size lentil bean plus some receiver modifications microcontroller breaks path receiver motors converts single outputs time-dependent controls longer stick pressed proportional control get Just about modem RC systems work Pulse-WidthModulation PWM framed format means transmitted pulses vaiy width 10 20 ms normally 15 center point receiver distributes framed pulses particular outputs channels pulses controls channel according width pulse takes place about 50 times second frame time channels connected motor speed controller pulse width will determine pmportional speed motor again using pulse-width format no frame just repetition on/off pulse also known motor chop-rate 1000 5000 times second fine big systems since Twin Turbo system talks tone language can produce full-on/full-off control something Transmitter Stick Action Before After Modifications aboutthat translated Time-OnBefore ModificationsAfter ModificationsMeasurement format wish Tone-On Modulation LEFT Motor ON Forward RIGHT Motor ON ForwardMotors Speed UPRIGHT TurnTOM short According long hold stick position get 11 proportional control stays position till U U U U command another change hold stick 11 second get maximum control LEFT Motor ON Reverse RIGHT Motor ON ReverseMotors Speed DOWNLEFT TurnThe bridge switchers forward/reverse on/off action converted forward-only pulse-width controlled on/off proportional motor control required some receiver modifications Ill go over shortly Visualize airplane flies two supplied motors modifications First hold up/down stick up direction second get both motors full power Toss airplane starts flying straight ahead airplane trimmed upward full motors hit momentarily down stick reduce motors speed until airplane level ground Hit left stick momentarily little left hold little longer left hold second full left bring back neutral hit right stick takes little practice like everything else first time youll have absolute control airplane no time dont claim will just like big systems used believe nice improvement over original system Operation speed two motors runs full off full anywhere inbetween up/down stick left/right stick controls mixes speeds two motors continuously thus producing proportional left right turns 20 discrete steps speed variations and/or speed mixing left turns left motor slows down right motor accelerates same amount right tums opposite fluxing takes place system operates principle continuous difference previous position meaning no predetermined position except both motors being off power-on So turn will take place no matter what speed two motors moment example both motors fully off right turn commanded right motor will remain off cannot go below off left motor will speed up per transmitter stick command similar fashion both motors fully command say left turn left motor will lower its speed right motor will remain fully could go higher full Lets take look really works press transmitter sticks either direction tone generated transmitted receiver normally would produce steady output movement two motors January1998 61 Design details new 8-pin 8-bit microcontroller PlC 2C508 Microchip does brainwork continuously monitors four signals coming out receiver speed turn commands same time outputs pulses two motors thousand times second reason dont see crystal resonator resistor/capacitor like other microcontroller world needs main clocking because designers Microchip incorporated resistor/capacitor uC nearly accurate crystal good enough application outputs existing receiver device marked KA23 II opencollector meaning will never go high unless pull up pull-up resistor uC has what call weak pull ups three pins needed four Right MoOorTherefore pull-up resistor added Receiver modifications receiver modifications involve work Surface Mount Technology SMT components should done individuals experietwed field receiver two motors have taken out original plastic housing original pmpellers have replaced much efficient props sold John Worth four PNP transistors form part full bridge motor amplifier have removed four 1K marked 102 resistors connect controller device KA231 1 bases removed transistors have removed * To sC pIn 0 Mi 7T RODDC MOTOR ROE CDCE EDO MD EIGHT ROEDC MOTOR CECOO 820EDO Modified Receiver Motor control section 62 Model Aviation trac 5remove rrom other side Receiver TraceCutsand DERID ii Parts Removal W DDDD 0 Left Motor Complete Receiver Modifications 0 oC plo 4 iTooCphoD 001 renOstor CI IOU RiODC MOTORROE 8 7R07ICCCERIBII MD ROEDC MOTOR CECiE 14EDOEDO Unmodified Receiver Motor bridge amplifier cC pIn 8 sC pin S cC p10 7 SOC pl. 8 14 pin 2 two capacitors C19 C20 have removed main side board four cuts made 10K pull-up resistor added four outputs KA231 1 controller used go PNP transistors now connect added microcontroller uC PlC 12C508 become now inputs uC signaling up down left right commands Two outputs uC connect bases NPN transistors via 820 Ohm marked 822 resistors output transistor motor might have noticed two transistors available arent used design could parallel two transistors per motor power lower voltage drop have remember limitations existing system design point view power dissipation little transistors higher generated noise uC voltage able drive two transistors per pin Transmitter stick control transmitter stick activation produced control has linear relationship Servo Variation Based same TOM principle described earlier article programmed uC proportional control two standard servos instead two motors enough interest will present follow-up article design Parts The modified propellers available John Worth $4 postpaid John also can supply Twin Turbo systems some extra accessories address 4326 Andes Drive Fairfax VA 22030 Phone/fax 703 273-0607 preprogrammed microcontroller alone complete receiver modifications available author $10 $25 respectively postpaid send receiver modifications please make sure receiver out its plastic enclosure good operating condition both motors attached ic Zigras 171 Arundel Rd Paramus NJ 07652 201 444-9864 Pinhole Free Epoxyglass Fuselage Lores Easy Assembly Complete Instructions th Responsive Easy Landing Made USA Send $100 cash arochur Daves Custom Models 10205 Spring Circle Austin TX 78736 Phone/Fax 512-288-2055 fZI7OUMi jes Radio Kits Ball Bearing Servo eliminate slop wobble r standard servos high d just minutes giving earing servos fraction r1fferent kits available fit rent standard size servos JR-Hitec 4-pack JR-Hitee Strongbo Strongbox
Edition: Model Aviation - 1998/01
Page Numbers: 61, 62, 64
0 Twin Turbo Goes PRO PORTIO NAL TEGeorgeZigras ohn Worth calls Twin Turbo system biggest bargain in RC guess what absolutely right Granted has short operating range has limitations model airplanes possibly because intended small indoor RC blimps etc still RC system enormous room experimentation Some creative minds made modifications existing design made useful way another thought too should have some fun converted original on/off concept pseudo-digitalproportional system end result system original twin motors controlled digital speed controller/mixer two supplied motors produce servoless RC system brain work done Microchip tiny microcontroller uC size lentil bean plus some receiver modifications microcontroller breaks path receiver motors converts single outputs time-dependent controls longer stick pressed proportional control get Just about modem RC systems work Pulse-WidthModulation PWM framed format means transmitted pulses vaiy width 10 20 ms normally 15 center point receiver distributes framed pulses particular outputs channels pulses controls channel according width pulse takes place about 50 times second frame time channels connected motor speed controller pulse width will determine pmportional speed motor again using pulse-width format no frame just repetition on/off pulse also known motor chop-rate 1000 5000 times second fine big systems since Twin Turbo system talks tone language can produce full-on/full-off control something Transmitter Stick Action Before After Modifications aboutthat translated Time-OnBefore ModificationsAfter ModificationsMeasurement format wish Tone-On Modulation LEFT Motor ON Forward RIGHT Motor ON ForwardMotors Speed UPRIGHT TurnTOM short According long hold stick position get 11 proportional control stays position till U U U U command another change hold stick 11 second get maximum control LEFT Motor ON Reverse RIGHT Motor ON ReverseMotors Speed DOWNLEFT TurnThe bridge switchers forward/reverse on/off action converted forward-only pulse-width controlled on/off proportional motor control required some receiver modifications Ill go over shortly Visualize airplane flies two supplied motors modifications First hold up/down stick up direction second get both motors full power Toss airplane starts flying straight ahead airplane trimmed upward full motors hit momentarily down stick reduce motors speed until airplane level ground Hit left stick momentarily little left hold little longer left hold second full left bring back neutral hit right stick takes little practice like everything else first time youll have absolute control airplane no time dont claim will just like big systems used believe nice improvement over original system Operation speed two motors runs full off full anywhere inbetween up/down stick left/right stick controls mixes speeds two motors continuously thus producing proportional left right turns 20 discrete steps speed variations and/or speed mixing left turns left motor slows down right motor accelerates same amount right tums opposite fluxing takes place system operates principle continuous difference previous position meaning no predetermined position except both motors being off power-on So turn will take place no matter what speed two motors moment example both motors fully off right turn commanded right motor will remain off cannot go below off left motor will speed up per transmitter stick command similar fashion both motors fully command say left turn left motor will lower its speed right motor will remain fully could go higher full Lets take look really works press transmitter sticks either direction tone generated transmitted receiver normally would produce steady output movement two motors January1998 61 Design details new 8-pin 8-bit microcontroller PlC 2C508 Microchip does brainwork continuously monitors four signals coming out receiver speed turn commands same time outputs pulses two motors thousand times second reason dont see crystal resonator resistor/capacitor like other microcontroller world needs main clocking because designers Microchip incorporated resistor/capacitor uC nearly accurate crystal good enough application outputs existing receiver device marked KA23 II opencollector meaning will never go high unless pull up pull-up resistor uC has what call weak pull ups three pins needed four Right MoOorTherefore pull-up resistor added Receiver modifications receiver modifications involve work Surface Mount Technology SMT components should done individuals experietwed field receiver two motors have taken out original plastic housing original pmpellers have replaced much efficient props sold John Worth four PNP transistors form part full bridge motor amplifier have removed four 1K marked 102 resistors connect controller device KA231 1 bases removed transistors have removed * To sC pIn 0 Mi 7T RODDC MOTOR ROE CDCE EDO MD EIGHT ROEDC MOTOR CECOO 820EDO Modified Receiver Motor control section 62 Model Aviation trac 5remove rrom other side Receiver TraceCutsand DERID ii Parts Removal W DDDD 0 Left Motor Complete Receiver Modifications 0 oC plo 4 iTooCphoD 001 renOstor CI IOU RiODC MOTORROE 8 7R07ICCCERIBII MD ROEDC MOTOR CECiE 14EDOEDO Unmodified Receiver Motor bridge amplifier cC pIn 8 sC pin S cC p10 7 SOC pl. 8 14 pin 2 two capacitors C19 C20 have removed main side board four cuts made 10K pull-up resistor added four outputs KA231 1 controller used go PNP transistors now connect added microcontroller uC PlC 12C508 become now inputs uC signaling up down left right commands Two outputs uC connect bases NPN transistors via 820 Ohm marked 822 resistors output transistor motor might have noticed two transistors available arent used design could parallel two transistors per motor power lower voltage drop have remember limitations existing system design point view power dissipation little transistors higher generated noise uC voltage able drive two transistors per pin Transmitter stick control transmitter stick activation produced control has linear relationship Servo Variation Based same TOM principle described earlier article programmed uC proportional control two standard servos instead two motors enough interest will present follow-up article design Parts The modified propellers available John Worth $4 postpaid John also can supply Twin Turbo systems some extra accessories address 4326 Andes Drive Fairfax VA 22030 Phone/fax 703 273-0607 preprogrammed microcontroller alone complete receiver modifications available author $10 $25 respectively postpaid send receiver modifications please make sure receiver out its plastic enclosure good operating condition both motors attached ic Zigras 171 Arundel Rd Paramus NJ 07652 201 444-9864 Pinhole Free Epoxyglass Fuselage Lores Easy Assembly Complete Instructions th Responsive Easy Landing Made USA Send $100 cash arochur Daves Custom Models 10205 Spring Circle Austin TX 78736 Phone/Fax 512-288-2055 fZI7OUMi jes Radio Kits Ball Bearing Servo eliminate slop wobble r standard servos high d just minutes giving earing servos fraction r1fferent kits available fit rent standard size servos JR-Hitec 4-pack JR-Hitee Strongbo Strongbox
Edition: Model Aviation - 1998/01
Page Numbers: 61, 62, 64
0 Twin Turbo Goes PRO PORTIO NAL TEGeorgeZigras ohn Worth calls Twin Turbo system biggest bargain in RC guess what absolutely right Granted has short operating range has limitations model airplanes possibly because intended small indoor RC blimps etc still RC system enormous room experimentation Some creative minds made modifications existing design made useful way another thought too should have some fun converted original on/off concept pseudo-digitalproportional system end result system original twin motors controlled digital speed controller/mixer two supplied motors produce servoless RC system brain work done Microchip tiny microcontroller uC size lentil bean plus some receiver modifications microcontroller breaks path receiver motors converts single outputs time-dependent controls longer stick pressed proportional control get Just about modem RC systems work Pulse-WidthModulation PWM framed format means transmitted pulses vaiy width 10 20 ms normally 15 center point receiver distributes framed pulses particular outputs channels pulses controls channel according width pulse takes place about 50 times second frame time channels connected motor speed controller pulse width will determine pmportional speed motor again using pulse-width format no frame just repetition on/off pulse also known motor chop-rate 1000 5000 times second fine big systems since Twin Turbo system talks tone language can produce full-on/full-off control something Transmitter Stick Action Before After Modifications aboutthat translated Time-OnBefore ModificationsAfter ModificationsMeasurement format wish Tone-On Modulation LEFT Motor ON Forward RIGHT Motor ON ForwardMotors Speed UPRIGHT TurnTOM short According long hold stick position get 11 proportional control stays position till U U U U command another change hold stick 11 second get maximum control LEFT Motor ON Reverse RIGHT Motor ON ReverseMotors Speed DOWNLEFT TurnThe bridge switchers forward/reverse on/off action converted forward-only pulse-width controlled on/off proportional motor control required some receiver modifications Ill go over shortly Visualize airplane flies two supplied motors modifications First hold up/down stick up direction second get both motors full power Toss airplane starts flying straight ahead airplane trimmed upward full motors hit momentarily down stick reduce motors speed until airplane level ground Hit left stick momentarily little left hold little longer left hold second full left bring back neutral hit right stick takes little practice like everything else first time youll have absolute control airplane no time dont claim will just like big systems used believe nice improvement over original system Operation speed two motors runs full off full anywhere inbetween up/down stick left/right stick controls mixes speeds two motors continuously thus producing proportional left right turns 20 discrete steps speed variations and/or speed mixing left turns left motor slows down right motor accelerates same amount right tums opposite fluxing takes place system operates principle continuous difference previous position meaning no predetermined position except both motors being off power-on So turn will take place no matter what speed two motors moment example both motors fully off right turn commanded right motor will remain off cannot go below off left motor will speed up per transmitter stick command similar fashion both motors fully command say left turn left motor will lower its speed right motor will remain fully could go higher full Lets take look really works press transmitter sticks either direction tone generated transmitted receiver normally would produce steady output movement two motors January1998 61 Design details new 8-pin 8-bit microcontroller PlC 2C508 Microchip does brainwork continuously monitors four signals coming out receiver speed turn commands same time outputs pulses two motors thousand times second reason dont see crystal resonator resistor/capacitor like other microcontroller world needs main clocking because designers Microchip incorporated resistor/capacitor uC nearly accurate crystal good enough application outputs existing receiver device marked KA23 II opencollector meaning will never go high unless pull up pull-up resistor uC has what call weak pull ups three pins needed four Right MoOorTherefore pull-up resistor added Receiver modifications receiver modifications involve work Surface Mount Technology SMT components should done individuals experietwed field receiver two motors have taken out original plastic housing original pmpellers have replaced much efficient props sold John Worth four PNP transistors form part full bridge motor amplifier have removed four 1K marked 102 resistors connect controller device KA231 1 bases removed transistors have removed * To sC pIn 0 Mi 7T RODDC MOTOR ROE CDCE EDO MD EIGHT ROEDC MOTOR CECOO 820EDO Modified Receiver Motor control section 62 Model Aviation trac 5remove rrom other side Receiver TraceCutsand DERID ii Parts Removal W DDDD 0 Left Motor Complete Receiver Modifications 0 oC plo 4 iTooCphoD 001 renOstor CI IOU RiODC MOTORROE 8 7R07ICCCERIBII MD ROEDC MOTOR CECiE 14EDOEDO Unmodified Receiver Motor bridge amplifier cC pIn 8 sC pin S cC p10 7 SOC pl. 8 14 pin 2 two capacitors C19 C20 have removed main side board four cuts made 10K pull-up resistor added four outputs KA231 1 controller used go PNP transistors now connect added microcontroller uC PlC 12C508 become now inputs uC signaling up down left right commands Two outputs uC connect bases NPN transistors via 820 Ohm marked 822 resistors output transistor motor might have noticed two transistors available arent used design could parallel two transistors per motor power lower voltage drop have remember limitations existing system design point view power dissipation little transistors higher generated noise uC voltage able drive two transistors per pin Transmitter stick control transmitter stick activation produced control has linear relationship Servo Variation Based same TOM principle described earlier article programmed uC proportional control two standard servos instead two motors enough interest will present follow-up article design Parts The modified propellers available John Worth $4 postpaid John also can supply Twin Turbo systems some extra accessories address 4326 Andes Drive Fairfax VA 22030 Phone/fax 703 273-0607 preprogrammed microcontroller alone complete receiver modifications available author $10 $25 respectively postpaid send receiver modifications please make sure receiver out its plastic enclosure good operating condition both motors attached ic Zigras 171 Arundel Rd Paramus NJ 07652 201 444-9864 Pinhole Free Epoxyglass Fuselage Lores Easy Assembly Complete Instructions th Responsive Easy Landing Made USA Send $100 cash arochur Daves Custom Models 10205 Spring Circle Austin TX 78736 Phone/Fax 512-288-2055 fZI7OUMi jes Radio Kits Ball Bearing Servo eliminate slop wobble r standard servos high d just minutes giving earing servos fraction r1fferent kits available fit rent standard size servos JR-Hitec 4-pack JR-Hitee Strongbo Strongbox