Why Scale?

EVER WONDER what makes scale modeler tick would seem hear slightly different drummer regu lar non-scale model builders neces sarily better beat certainly differ ent Active scale builders distinct minority group Yet gain attention out proportion numbers great scale model talkers relatively few doers rea son simple Researching designing building scale models very hard work Vast amounts patience discipline required mention skill people willing invest ingredients What motivates Ask ten different builders may receive ten different answers Over period years have exchanged letters relating subject modelers various parts US foreign countries recently J D Gillies author completed tour gave us opportunity talk some people person well see models first-hand Additionally visited museums some worlds finest scale models exhibited article first two parts will try present some conclusions based upon collective opinions active scale model builders try evaluate some efforts risky generalize subject especially closely involved personal philosophies attempt What big attraction scale way tough question Obviously attraction universal would lot builders there certainly no shortage scale en thusiasts People no par ticular interest aviation can identify scale models whereas non-scale types bear vague resemblance real aircraft will go largely ignored Watch crowds gather contest would like quote Ron Van Puttes Nationals Radio Control report featured November Model viation spectators gathered watch AMA Sport Scale other event excitement involved watching flights beautifully crafted miniature versions full-scale aircraft cannot matched same issue Model viation quote Dan Pruss reporting 6th RC Soaring Nationals regular flying stopped chance given scale flier prepares ship show-stoppers prove high level interest category spectators viewpoint pit area nearly empties lines form around launch land ing area earlier Nationals fellow com mented walking away non-scale events think would exciting watch paint dry quote famous movie flier Frank Tallman after watching Wily Bill Hannan quest realism has always phenomena scale wheel within wheels world reviewed depth first time first two articles RC contest dont care will snap-rolls sewer pipe doesnt look like real aircraft Im interested Make no mistake about scale model building flying has certain aspects show biz about modelers like actors motivated least part egos Perhaps choice words Exhibition Models literal originally intended scale modelers exude least little oldfashioned ham whether admit enjoy attention spectators fellow builders goodness knows earn other hand have great deal fun pro cess Question like build scale models Answer No like having built scale models subtle point per haps important examin ing motives interesting note some RC pattern fliers have entered scale via back door say originally no particular interest missed having appreciative audience Once involved usually via stand-off scale approach too hooked Unfortunately scale has long suffered mystique implied watchmakers could competitive international competition level may too far fact very spe cial type temperament prerequisite top-level scale modeler very few people qualify zealous scaler con stantly striving reach some self-desig nated plateau fellows may say merely out meet compe tition really dealing much tougher adversaries. themselves favorable result improvement arta gradual raising standards finer quality models An unfortunate side effect however may discourage ment among ranks lesser talented builders almost everyone would like improve skills comes point hobby can assume proportions work second job almostand non-paying except terms personal satisfaction Which some may adequate remuneration Interestingly talking professional model builders encountered much relaxed attitude regarding nit picking aspects building people cannot approach Internats standards simply very few cus tomers willing pay cost time involved Thus pros have devel oped ways achieving maximum results minimum efforts Scale Scale Turning motives models dis cussed issue authenticity builders scale models arrived conclusion Accuracy eye beholder Presumably truly scale model would exact duplicate real thing literally shrunken aircraft remains zenith likely real ized least until learn great deal about atomic structure Perhaps Internats-winning RC models represent closest approach date Some might argue certain museum display models would come closer ideal may true terms material com 38 Model Aviation Master scale builder Dave Platt making repairs ducted-fan radio-controlled Douglas Sky ray during last Nationals ponent duplication might counter question authentic model aircraft cannot fly Authenticity s Craftsmanship evaluating model difficult separate accuracy craftsmanship since great deal overlap volved say ones craftsman ship naturally affects accuracy Converse ly dazzling craftsmanship can occasionally mesmerize onlookers judges overlooking dimensional inaccuracies distinction particularly important competition involved philosophy modeler can drastically affect outcome Fig Range Authenticity chart Since based upon unmeasur able quantities must regarded yardstick comparison visual ization purposes Assuming real aircraft perfect move left right encounter bar labeled RC Internats intended guesstimate better models authenticity range upper limit assumes no model perfect lower limit arbitrary cut-off below entry could probably remain competitive class model would seem represent epitome scale ness present total worlds sup ply probably amounts fewer 25 Reports occasionally filter through modeling press better models fea turing such niceties functional scale engines somehow craft seldom appear public Internats-quality control-line model may next order scaleness achieve ment have placed bar upper limit below RC because inherent spatial limitations control system preclude flight duplication possibilities permitted RC However factor excluded some models might surpass standards RC models Again few models top caliber exist us may never have chance see Since no international contest free-flight scale models present pity must look outstanding national contest winners various coun tries evaluate scope possibilities class Although first free-flight bar chart labeled gas might encompass CO electric power well Presumably international challenge extended standards could rise higher great facets free-flight scale remain largely unexplored Pre-pro grammed flight example quickly ventures deep water personal opinion trying apply apples-and-oranges comparisons free flight vs control-line RC can stimulating mental exercise bar labeled Museum Models may puzzle some its long range Although some such models incredibly authentic others downright wretched museums constantly trying upgrade standards suffer short ages staff money space Thus given choice between displaying sub-standard models no models decision under standable too some examples primitive todays standards deserve place museum collections virtue age historical importance None theless use term museum quality should regarded caution Stand-off Sport Scale bar also encompasses broad range since some top examples right up true scale models some entered both types events others far other extreme scarcely qualify sort scale model must feel sympathy hapless contest director judges events Now real study psychology bar labeled Jumbo Walnut Peanut another considerable span prob February 1976 39 e Bob Clemens professional photographer Eastman Kodak finds building rubber-powered scale models pleasing form relaxation well another outlet photographic skills demonstrated sample Bede BD-6 Rubber-powered scale rise inspiring model control-line Boeing F4B-4 placed Ralph Burnstein United States CL World Championship team Below Tiny Peanut Scale Zlin Z-XII constructed Milan Kacha Czechoslovakia Photo Miroslav Kvapil ably includes largest actual existing population of flying scale cate gories Some better examples group present surprising degree au thenticity require research con struction efforts closely akin ex pended super-scale classes likely some accurate some respects average RC scale models large however expected world-beaters yet realism flying potentials sufficiently high order generate spirited competition excitement among spectators dedicated scale modelers other specialties taking fresh look relaxing forms expression Some regard re freshing change-of-pace others rec ognize way maintaining Interest pursuing long painstak ing task constructing complex scale models next bar may surprise purists its inclusion chart However profile models have large following world over offer simplest possible ap proach scale modeling Some cleverly designed skillfully exe cuted nearly make forget caricatures aircraft Builders such Walt Mooney US Ray Malmstrom England 0 Saffek Czechoslovakia have raised profile models well-deserved level acceptance AMA Scale Contest Advisory Com mittee Chairman Claude McCullough best known RC scale masterpieces has published profile scale model designs past being broad-minded about things felt fair include short little bar non-scale models Some examples have realistic features lifting almost semi-scale cate gory perhaps indicating designers totally above stirring little character otherwise non entity productions Fig 2 presents otherimportant phase scale model evaluation can readily see marked contrast Fig Theoretically humanly constructed product could range craftsmanship superb awful s out case scale models too almost tempted expand scale below zero allow negative ratingsworse awful strangely enough real aircraft might appro priately dumped classification factor sometimes overlooked evaluating scale models literally too nice having con structed tender loving care big brothers remaining bars graph indicate workmanship can range dismal near-perfection model museum stand-off Peanut non-scale latter included reminder scalers sometimes look down noses anything other scale Category Choices Some scalers regard own specialty ultimate unfortunate stepping outside ones usual groove rut can eye-opening experi ence would like quote Eric Coates Flying Scale Model columnist Aeromodeller magazine Over years experience have built flown types scale models what worth table order greatest difficulty make fly satisfactorily I Free flightrubber powered 2 Free flightpowered 3 Radio control 4 Control line think simple appearing list could offer revelation some members scale modeling fraternity may have tendency confuse complexity quality bigger better Remember scale fun comes shapes sizes PERFECT SUPERB4 0 MAGNIFICENT w z 0 GREAT U GOOD 0 w 4 ,FAIR 0 POOR DREADFUL 5 U U I-4 44z zzz 445 I-I ZZ F 4 0Jz a0U -J 2 flm IUIIIPI ILl IZI IIII Ffl I FIGURE RANGE OF SCALENESS CHART PERFECT SUPERB MAGNIFICENT z 0 GREATFoU 44 Ua aa 4a GOOD 0 4 4a o FAIR POOR DREADFUL zI U Ui aU 40 Model Aviation Scale iry Ship first-time project constructed wife professional builder Mike liii Hannan FII2 z U 0 0 2 4 U 2 FIGURE 2 RANGE OF CRAFTMANSHIP CHART Static display Wright Flyer faithfully reproduces ribs flying wires Model pic Don Typond Right Sommer monoplane Jacques Pouliquen France scaled-up model rubber plans powered Brown Jr CO2 engine Photo Robert Conil Below realistic little profile rubber-powered model Kunkadlo constructed photographed 0 Saffek Czechoslovakia Although scale has always popular common denominator making further strong gains Iateaorias so-called shelf models have advantages supporters point out first relatively safe damage thus can have extremely long life Perhaps greatest risk dis play models apart fire earthquakes theft inept handling contrast flying models seem always peril very nature purpose Cyril V Mc Cann master modeler London Im perial War Museum told us switched display models because tired seeing flying models crash second advantage concerns weight inconsequential factor static models enabling free choice construc tion materials Obviously much easier simulate metal metal wood paper might required flying model third advantage display mod els small size permitting apartment dwellers pursue hobby tiny space Yet some 1/72scale plastic models better detailed finished 6-ft span flying models comes research realism simulation static-scalers take back seat no Generally recognized am bitious scale classes RC offers max imum freedom expression subject choices limited ones imagination ingenuity time oh yes money Prob ably nearest approach realism short building full-size aircraft Control-Line Philosophically safest practical method flying scale models especially case machines too stable full-scale form secondary advantage relatively small amount space required operate compared RC free-flight Free-Flight Probably versatile expression flying scale ranging tiny indoor Peanut Scale models through large outdoor Jumbo classes currently enjoying tremendous revival interest after years limited activity Builders vs Fliers Within flying scale fraternity ranks division between favor realism cost interested achieving performance bifurcation thinking has re sponsible much dissatisfaction competition rules achieving truly equitable balance very difficult indeed especially entries may run gamut barely flyable super scale models through models may semi-scale best fly continued page 74 February 1976 41 Static ScaleRadio Control Model These/Berliner continued page 22 Work latest project began several years ago two-seat Imp later set aside favor Mini-Imp gets much its superior performance about clean airframe can found airplane similarity some ultra-modern sailplanes no coinci dence Mini-Imp uses variation NASAs new GAW-l airfoil ad justable flaperons cruise climb landing prototype Mini-Imp first flew late spring 1975 extensive data yet available enough known establish airplane very much worth watching Along obvious concern streamlining Molt Taylor has put great effort keeping construc tion simple unusual parts such large molded nose section Flexidyne drive unit buried engine will sold designer entire air craft can stripped inspection maintenance few minutes tended outer wing panels will removable easy trailering Length Mini-Imp 16 feet wing span can either 19 6 25 6 depend ing builders preference overall height barely 4 feet wing area either 75 sq ft 57 sq ft Empty weight about 520 lbs gross weight about 800 lbs Estimated performance Cruising speed using 64-hp Limback modification 1900-cc Volkswagen engine 150 mph stalling/landing speed very attractive 42 mph take-off run sea level 800 feet initial rate climb 1200 ft/min An information packet Mini-Imp available Molt Taylor PO Box 1171 Longview Wash 98632 Birdman intriguing recent trends home-made airplane hobby toward extremely light bare-minimum flying machines Possibly surprising popularity uncovered Breezy has inspired others go farther direc tion seems lot people trying fly little possible latest lightest effort Emmett Tallys Birdman 100-lb creation wing tail almost no fuselage uses very modern design techniques actually tested wind tunnel latest construction methods its covered aircraft Monokote mylar novel controls sequential spoilers replace ailerons As result Birdman has un usual performance characteristics stalls lands 18 mph stops after ground roll something like 15 feet Take-off run about 75 feet can flown smaller field pre vious prop-driven fixed-wing airplane other airplanes discussed offer quite high performance fair degree comfort Birdman other end scale Its cruising speed special 15-hp two-cycle engine right legal maximum cars place comfort Birdman offers its pilot healthy supply fresh air Designer Tally quotes ceiling 12500 feet cruising range 4 hours its pretty doubtful pilots will tempted test out either wing span 34 feet length 19 6 wing area 144/2 sq ft empty weight 100 lbs gross weight 250 lbs Information can Birdman Aircraft Inc 1280 Wildcat St Airport Daytona Beach Fla 32104 put things proper perspective two airplanes have around year VariViggen Dyke Delta latter exists prototype form others brand-new Maybe theyll never get very far again maybe two will become standard homebuilt design like Wittman Tailwind ADVERTISEMENTUNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF NEVADA re Bankruptcy POTOMAC AVIATION PUBLICATIONS INC No BKR-75-55 Bankrupt ORDER FOR FIRST MEETING OF CREDITORS AND FIXING TIMES FOR FILING OBJECTIONS TO DISCHARGE AND FOR FILING COMPLAINT TO DETERMINE DISCHARGEABILITY OF CERTAIN DEBTS COMBINED WITH NOTICE THEREOF AND OF AUTOMATIC STAY bankrupt creditors other parties interest POTOMAC AVIATION PUBLICATIONS INC 249 Freeport Blvd Reno Nevada having adjudged bankrupt order entered herein October 1 1975 ordered notice hereby given 1 The first meeting creditors shall held Federal Building 300 Booth Street Bankruptcy Courtroom 4040 Reno Nevada 89502 January 14 1976 900 oclock am 2 The bankrupt shall appear its president other executive officer before court time place purpose being examined 3 MARCH 1 1976 fixed last day filing objections discharge bankrupt last day filing complaint determine dischsrgeability debt pursuant Sec 17c2 Bankruptcy Act YOU ARE FURTHER NOTIFIED THAT 1 meeting may continued time time order made open court further written notice creditors 2 meeting creditors may file claims elect trustee elect committee creditors examine bankrupt permitted court transact such other business may properly come before meeting 3 As result bankruptcy certain acts proceedings against bankrupt property stayed provided Bankruptcy Rules 401 601 4 order have claim allowed may share distribution estate creditor must file claim whether included list creditors filed bankrupt Claims filed within 6 months after above date set first meeting creditors will allowed except otherwise provided law claim may filed office Bankruptcy Judge Federal Building 300 Booth Street Room 4050 Reno Nevada 89502 official form prescribed proof claini ma~ obtained Bankruptcy Court office. DATED 7th day November 1975______________________________________ LLOYD D GEORGE Banki7iptcy7ludge 72 Model Aviation Pitts Special Only time will tell either way frontiers will have pushed forward satisfied way things men convinced must better way Editors Note Aug 4 1975 Dick Rutan established new world record VariEze Class CIa eclipsed old record non-stop closed-circuit flight covering 1628 statute miles An attempt class record distance straight line expected made early 1976 R C Helicopters/Schoonard continued page 15 Lock-Tite Lock Nuts Lock Washers helicopters have levels vibration al ways will present vibrations will loosen tightest nuts bolts unless some strong precautions taken Lock-Tite should used nuts bolts unless some other locking device used recommend blue Lock Tite holds well enough yet can broken loose removed needed can pur chased auto cycle parts house several types lock nuts used machines Some crimped type shape nut has distorted creates bind threads type lock nut resistant vibration good will repeatedly removed can damage threads fiber lock nuts very good need replacing no longer able create bind threads Lock washers designed dig both surfaces contact As vibration tries back out screw sharp edges lock washer dig prevent bolt nut turning lock washer useless side facing fiat washer will dig fiat washer flat washer being held friction will hold Fuel Lines Fuel Fittings Filters people fail take precautions items failures very common Fuel lines adhere fuel fittings quite well new dry just let little age some very slippery fuel get involved whole thing becomes disaster fuel lines installed cut off length tubing about long open up needle-nose pliers slide fuel tubing about all fuel tubing usual manner slide ring over fitting middle fitting tremendous amount pressure now being applied ring will prevent tubing coming off using pressure system fuel fittings should checked sharp edges burrs sharp edges can will cut best fuel tubing made Sand off sharp edges clean Out fittings make sure no filings good fuel filter should installed between tank carburetor Test filter make sure does leak type can opened cleaned test leaks after cleaning leaking fuel filter can cause problems can imagine fueling helicopter fuel through filter will strain fuel tank alright dirt will promptly go carburetor Lastly use good fuel prefer K & B 500 want know write will tell Helicopter Floats Floats far best training landing gear can use dont mean acrobatic flying hovering what should doing still learn ing will slide easily pavement grass will withstand tremendous abuse hard landings have seen helicopters drop 30 feet floats saved helicopter floats raise center gravity too high simply bend cross supports fuse lage hung down between floats Install can maintain proper longitudinal CG hate say German-made floats far superior made country come attaching parts very little Low-Fuel-Warning Devices Unless have X-ray eyes can see fuel level flight have digital clock mind recommend low-fuel-warning device several market end article will give address Most warn ing devices use lamps flash cease flash fuel level has reached low three systems article will Wiensch system Walther system Kavan system Wiensch system has very low battery drain can used check airborne battery condition system runs off radio battery draws 8 ma per lamp can operate up three lamps parallel sells $1995 Walther system operates separate 48-volt source will drive up three lamps has very good feature long fuel tank keeps flashing fuel goes low will stop flashing incorporates its own safety system wire break bulb blow out unit itself fail warning land check out sells $1500 Kavan Electronic-Fuel Control operates separate power supply blinks fuel goes low will drive least two bulbs parallel sells $1800 prefer Walther system because has its own safety blinking time have using unit over two years have gotten used am very uncomforta ble fly helicopter Some people say cannot see daytime true some distance radio control helicopters takes just few seconds fly can see about 50 feet no problem Helicopter Stands have never liked standing head start work helicopter have stand shown picture made 3/s-in thick plywood stands 21 inches high built outer legs farther apart bottom 20 17 top very stable holds helicopter may put Heli-Baby have sheet plywood put top two feet square can finish polyurethane varnish cover Formica Mine finished semi-gloss Formica black makes mar-proof surface held together four -in wing nuts stud bolts go contest take apart first thing gets packed would like build like have plans will send free anyone sends repro ducible picture helicopter preferably flight sure include details about helicopter would like see have stand need pictures put column Fuel Warning Device Addresses Ron Wiensch 7318 Cosner Dr Dayton Ohio 45424 Edward Walther 3462 Bowman Dr Winter Park Fla 32789 Kavan Model Products 1424 E Borchard Ave Santa Ana Calif 92705 address 2080 Sharon Rd. Winter Park Fla 32789 February 1976 73

EVER WONDER what makes scale modeler tick would seem hear slightly different drummer regu lar non-scale model builders neces sarily better beat certainly differ ent Active scale builders distinct minority group Yet gain attention out proportion numbers great scale model talkers relatively few doers rea son simple Researching designing building scale models very hard work Vast amounts patience discipline required mention skill people willing invest ingredients What motivates Ask ten different builders may receive ten different answers Over period years have exchanged letters relating subject modelers various parts US foreign countries recently J D Gillies author completed tour gave us opportunity talk some people person well see models first-hand Additionally visited museums some worlds finest scale models exhibited article first two parts will try present some conclusions based upon collective opinions active scale model builders try evaluate some efforts risky generalize subject especially closely involved personal philosophies attempt What big attraction scale way tough question Obviously attraction universal would lot builders there certainly no shortage scale en thusiasts People no par ticular interest aviation can identify scale models whereas non-scale types bear vague resemblance real aircraft will go largely ignored Watch crowds gather contest would like quote Ron Van Puttes Nationals Radio Control report featured November Model viation spectators gathered watch AMA Sport Scale other event excitement involved watching flights beautifully crafted miniature versions full-scale aircraft cannot matched same issue Model viation quote Dan Pruss reporting 6th RC Soaring Nationals regular flying stopped chance given scale flier prepares ship show-stoppers prove high level interest category spectators viewpoint pit area nearly empties lines form around launch land ing area earlier Nationals fellow com mented walking away non-scale events think would exciting watch paint dry quote famous movie flier Frank Tallman after watching Wily Bill Hannan quest realism has always phenomena scale wheel within wheels world reviewed depth first time first two articles RC contest dont care will snap-rolls sewer pipe doesnt look like real aircraft Im interested Make no mistake about scale model building flying has certain aspects show biz about modelers like actors motivated least part egos Perhaps choice words Exhibition Models literal originally intended scale modelers exude least little oldfashioned ham whether admit enjoy attention spectators fellow builders goodness knows earn other hand have great deal fun pro cess Question like build scale models Answer No like having built scale models subtle point per haps important examin ing motives interesting note some RC pattern fliers have entered scale via back door say originally no particular interest missed having appreciative audience Once involved usually via stand-off scale approach too hooked Unfortunately scale has long suffered mystique implied watchmakers could competitive international competition level may too far fact very spe cial type temperament prerequisite top-level scale modeler very few people qualify zealous scaler con stantly striving reach some self-desig nated plateau fellows may say merely out meet compe tition really dealing much tougher adversaries. themselves favorable result improvement arta gradual raising standards finer quality models An unfortunate side effect however may discourage ment among ranks lesser talented builders almost everyone would like improve skills comes point hobby can assume proportions work second job almostand non-paying except terms personal satisfaction Which some may adequate remuneration Interestingly talking professional model builders encountered much relaxed attitude regarding nit picking aspects building people cannot approach Internats standards simply very few cus tomers willing pay cost time involved Thus pros have devel oped ways achieving maximum results minimum efforts Scale Scale Turning motives models dis cussed issue authenticity builders scale models arrived conclusion Accuracy eye beholder Presumably truly scale model would exact duplicate real thing literally shrunken aircraft remains zenith likely real ized least until learn great deal about atomic structure Perhaps Internats-winning RC models represent closest approach date Some might argue certain museum display models would come closer ideal may true terms material com 38 Model Aviation Master scale builder Dave Platt making repairs ducted-fan radio-controlled Douglas Sky ray during last Nationals ponent duplication might counter question authentic model aircraft cannot fly Authenticity s Craftsmanship evaluating model difficult separate accuracy craftsmanship since great deal overlap volved say ones craftsman ship naturally affects accuracy Converse ly dazzling craftsmanship can occasionally mesmerize onlookers judges overlooking dimensional inaccuracies distinction particularly important competition involved philosophy modeler can drastically affect outcome Fig Range Authenticity chart Since based upon unmeasur able quantities must regarded yardstick comparison visual ization purposes Assuming real aircraft perfect move left right encounter bar labeled RC Internats intended guesstimate better models authenticity range upper limit assumes no model perfect lower limit arbitrary cut-off below entry could probably remain competitive class model would seem represent epitome scale ness present total worlds sup ply probably amounts fewer 25 Reports occasionally filter through modeling press better models fea turing such niceties functional scale engines somehow craft seldom appear public Internats-quality control-line model may next order scaleness achieve ment have placed bar upper limit below RC because inherent spatial limitations control system preclude flight duplication possibilities permitted RC However factor excluded some models might surpass standards RC models Again few models top caliber exist us may never have chance see Since no international contest free-flight scale models present pity must look outstanding national contest winners various coun tries evaluate scope possibilities class Although first free-flight bar chart labeled gas might encompass CO electric power well Presumably international challenge extended standards could rise higher great facets free-flight scale remain largely unexplored Pre-pro grammed flight example quickly ventures deep water personal opinion trying apply apples-and-oranges comparisons free flight vs control-line RC can stimulating mental exercise bar labeled Museum Models may puzzle some its long range Although some such models incredibly authentic others downright wretched museums constantly trying upgrade standards suffer short ages staff money space Thus given choice between displaying sub-standard models no models decision under standable too some examples primitive todays standards deserve place museum collections virtue age historical importance None theless use term museum quality should regarded caution Stand-off Sport Scale bar also encompasses broad range since some top examples right up true scale models some entered both types events others far other extreme scarcely qualify sort scale model must feel sympathy hapless contest director judges events Now real study psychology bar labeled Jumbo Walnut Peanut another considerable span prob February 1976 39 e Bob Clemens professional photographer Eastman Kodak finds building rubber-powered scale models pleasing form relaxation well another outlet photographic skills demonstrated sample Bede BD-6 Rubber-powered scale rise inspiring model control-line Boeing F4B-4 placed Ralph Burnstein United States CL World Championship team Below Tiny Peanut Scale Zlin Z-XII constructed Milan Kacha Czechoslovakia Photo Miroslav Kvapil ably includes largest actual existing population of flying scale cate gories Some better examples group present surprising degree au thenticity require research con struction efforts closely akin ex pended super-scale classes likely some accurate some respects average RC scale models large however expected world-beaters yet realism flying potentials sufficiently high order generate spirited competition excitement among spectators dedicated scale modelers other specialties taking fresh look relaxing forms expression Some regard re freshing change-of-pace others rec ognize way maintaining Interest pursuing long painstak ing task constructing complex scale models next bar may surprise purists its inclusion chart However profile models have large following world over offer simplest possible ap proach scale modeling Some cleverly designed skillfully exe cuted nearly make forget caricatures aircraft Builders such Walt Mooney US Ray Malmstrom England 0 Saffek Czechoslovakia have raised profile models well-deserved level acceptance AMA Scale Contest Advisory Com mittee Chairman Claude McCullough best known RC scale masterpieces has published profile scale model designs past being broad-minded about things felt fair include short little bar non-scale models Some examples have realistic features lifting almost semi-scale cate gory perhaps indicating designers totally above stirring little character otherwise non entity productions Fig 2 presents otherimportant phase scale model evaluation can readily see marked contrast Fig Theoretically humanly constructed product could range craftsmanship superb awful s out case scale models too almost tempted expand scale below zero allow negative ratingsworse awful strangely enough real aircraft might appro priately dumped classification factor sometimes overlooked evaluating scale models literally too nice having con structed tender loving care big brothers remaining bars graph indicate workmanship can range dismal near-perfection model museum stand-off Peanut non-scale latter included reminder scalers sometimes look down noses anything other scale Category Choices Some scalers regard own specialty ultimate unfortunate stepping outside ones usual groove rut can eye-opening experi ence would like quote Eric Coates Flying Scale Model columnist Aeromodeller magazine Over years experience have built flown types scale models what worth table order greatest difficulty make fly satisfactorily I Free flightrubber powered 2 Free flightpowered 3 Radio control 4 Control line think simple appearing list could offer revelation some members scale modeling fraternity may have tendency confuse complexity quality bigger better Remember scale fun comes shapes sizes PERFECT SUPERB4 0 MAGNIFICENT w z 0 GREAT U GOOD 0 w 4 ,FAIR 0 POOR DREADFUL 5 U U I-4 44z zzz 445 I-I ZZ F 4 0Jz a0U -J 2 flm IUIIIPI ILl IZI IIII Ffl I FIGURE RANGE OF SCALENESS CHART PERFECT SUPERB MAGNIFICENT z 0 GREATFoU 44 Ua aa 4a GOOD 0 4 4a o FAIR POOR DREADFUL zI U Ui aU 40 Model Aviation Scale iry Ship first-time project constructed wife professional builder Mike liii Hannan FII2 z U 0 0 2 4 U 2 FIGURE 2 RANGE OF CRAFTMANSHIP CHART Static display Wright Flyer faithfully reproduces ribs flying wires Model pic Don Typond Right Sommer monoplane Jacques Pouliquen France scaled-up model rubber plans powered Brown Jr CO2 engine Photo Robert Conil Below realistic little profile rubber-powered model Kunkadlo constructed photographed 0 Saffek Czechoslovakia Although scale has always popular common denominator making further strong gains Iateaorias so-called shelf models have advantages supporters point out first relatively safe damage thus can have extremely long life Perhaps greatest risk dis play models apart fire earthquakes theft inept handling contrast flying models seem always peril very nature purpose Cyril V Mc Cann master modeler London Im perial War Museum told us switched display models because tired seeing flying models crash second advantage concerns weight inconsequential factor static models enabling free choice construc tion materials Obviously much easier simulate metal metal wood paper might required flying model third advantage display mod els small size permitting apartment dwellers pursue hobby tiny space Yet some 1/72scale plastic models better detailed finished 6-ft span flying models comes research realism simulation static-scalers take back seat no Generally recognized am bitious scale classes RC offers max imum freedom expression subject choices limited ones imagination ingenuity time oh yes money Prob ably nearest approach realism short building full-size aircraft Control-Line Philosophically safest practical method flying scale models especially case machines too stable full-scale form secondary advantage relatively small amount space required operate compared RC free-flight Free-Flight Probably versatile expression flying scale ranging tiny indoor Peanut Scale models through large outdoor Jumbo classes currently enjoying tremendous revival interest after years limited activity Builders vs Fliers Within flying scale fraternity ranks division between favor realism cost interested achieving performance bifurcation thinking has re sponsible much dissatisfaction competition rules achieving truly equitable balance very difficult indeed especially entries may run gamut barely flyable super scale models through models may semi-scale best fly continued page 74 February 1976 41 Static ScaleRadio Control Model These/Berliner continued page 22 Work latest project began several years ago two-seat Imp later set aside favor Mini-Imp gets much its superior performance about clean airframe can found airplane similarity some ultra-modern sailplanes no coinci dence Mini-Imp uses variation NASAs new GAW-l airfoil ad justable flaperons cruise climb landing prototype Mini-Imp first flew late spring 1975 extensive data yet available enough known establish airplane very much worth watching Along obvious concern streamlining Molt Taylor has put great effort keeping construc tion simple unusual parts such large molded nose section Flexidyne drive unit buried engine will sold designer entire air craft can stripped inspection maintenance few minutes tended outer wing panels will removable easy trailering Length Mini-Imp 16 feet wing span can either 19 6 25 6 depend ing builders preference overall height barely 4 feet wing area either 75 sq ft 57 sq ft Empty weight about 520 lbs gross weight about 800 lbs Estimated performance Cruising speed using 64-hp Limback modification 1900-cc Volkswagen engine 150 mph stalling/landing speed very attractive 42 mph take-off run sea level 800 feet initial rate climb 1200 ft/min An information packet Mini-Imp available Molt Taylor PO Box 1171 Longview Wash 98632 Birdman intriguing recent trends home-made airplane hobby toward extremely light bare-minimum flying machines Possibly surprising popularity uncovered Breezy has inspired others go farther direc tion seems lot people trying fly little possible latest lightest effort Emmett Tallys Birdman 100-lb creation wing tail almost no fuselage uses very modern design techniques actually tested wind tunnel latest construction methods its covered aircraft Monokote mylar novel controls sequential spoilers replace ailerons As result Birdman has un usual performance characteristics stalls lands 18 mph stops after ground roll something like 15 feet Take-off run about 75 feet can flown smaller field pre vious prop-driven fixed-wing airplane other airplanes discussed offer quite high performance fair degree comfort Birdman other end scale Its cruising speed special 15-hp two-cycle engine right legal maximum cars place comfort Birdman offers its pilot healthy supply fresh air Designer Tally quotes ceiling 12500 feet cruising range 4 hours its pretty doubtful pilots will tempted test out either wing span 34 feet length 19 6 wing area 144/2 sq ft empty weight 100 lbs gross weight 250 lbs Information can Birdman Aircraft Inc 1280 Wildcat St Airport Daytona Beach Fla 32104 put things proper perspective two airplanes have around year VariViggen Dyke Delta latter exists prototype form others brand-new Maybe theyll never get very far again maybe two will become standard homebuilt design like Wittman Tailwind ADVERTISEMENTUNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF NEVADA re Bankruptcy POTOMAC AVIATION PUBLICATIONS INC No BKR-75-55 Bankrupt ORDER FOR FIRST MEETING OF CREDITORS AND FIXING TIMES FOR FILING OBJECTIONS TO DISCHARGE AND FOR FILING COMPLAINT TO DETERMINE DISCHARGEABILITY OF CERTAIN DEBTS COMBINED WITH NOTICE THEREOF AND OF AUTOMATIC STAY bankrupt creditors other parties interest POTOMAC AVIATION PUBLICATIONS INC 249 Freeport Blvd Reno Nevada having adjudged bankrupt order entered herein October 1 1975 ordered notice hereby given 1 The first meeting creditors shall held Federal Building 300 Booth Street Bankruptcy Courtroom 4040 Reno Nevada 89502 January 14 1976 900 oclock am 2 The bankrupt shall appear its president other executive officer before court time place purpose being examined 3 MARCH 1 1976 fixed last day filing objections discharge bankrupt last day filing complaint determine dischsrgeability debt pursuant Sec 17c2 Bankruptcy Act YOU ARE FURTHER NOTIFIED THAT 1 meeting may continued time time order made open court further written notice creditors 2 meeting creditors may file claims elect trustee elect committee creditors examine bankrupt permitted court transact such other business may properly come before meeting 3 As result bankruptcy certain acts proceedings against bankrupt property stayed provided Bankruptcy Rules 401 601 4 order have claim allowed may share distribution estate creditor must file claim whether included list creditors filed bankrupt Claims filed within 6 months after above date set first meeting creditors will allowed except otherwise provided law claim may filed office Bankruptcy Judge Federal Building 300 Booth Street Room 4050 Reno Nevada 89502 official form prescribed proof claini ma~ obtained Bankruptcy Court office. DATED 7th day November 1975______________________________________ LLOYD D GEORGE Banki7iptcy7ludge 72 Model Aviation Pitts Special Only time will tell either way frontiers will have pushed forward satisfied way things men convinced must better way Editors Note Aug 4 1975 Dick Rutan established new world record VariEze Class CIa eclipsed old record non-stop closed-circuit flight covering 1628 statute miles An attempt class record distance straight line expected made early 1976 R C Helicopters/Schoonard continued page 15 Lock-Tite Lock Nuts Lock Washers helicopters have levels vibration al ways will present vibrations will loosen tightest nuts bolts unless some strong precautions taken Lock-Tite should used nuts bolts unless some other locking device used recommend blue Lock Tite holds well enough yet can broken loose removed needed can pur chased auto cycle parts house several types lock nuts used machines Some crimped type shape nut has distorted creates bind threads type lock nut resistant vibration good will repeatedly removed can damage threads fiber lock nuts very good need replacing no longer able create bind threads Lock washers designed dig both surfaces contact As vibration tries back out screw sharp edges lock washer dig prevent bolt nut turning lock washer useless side facing fiat washer will dig fiat washer flat washer being held friction will hold Fuel Lines Fuel Fittings Filters people fail take precautions items failures very common Fuel lines adhere fuel fittings quite well new dry just let little age some very slippery fuel get involved whole thing becomes disaster fuel lines installed cut off length tubing about long open up needle-nose pliers slide fuel tubing about all fuel tubing usual manner slide ring over fitting middle fitting tremendous amount pressure now being applied ring will prevent tubing coming off using pressure system fuel fittings should checked sharp edges burrs sharp edges can will cut best fuel tubing made Sand off sharp edges clean Out fittings make sure no filings good fuel filter should installed between tank carburetor Test filter make sure does leak type can opened cleaned test leaks after cleaning leaking fuel filter can cause problems can imagine fueling helicopter fuel through filter will strain fuel tank alright dirt will promptly go carburetor Lastly use good fuel prefer K & B 500 want know write will tell Helicopter Floats Floats far best training landing gear can use dont mean acrobatic flying hovering what should doing still learn ing will slide easily pavement grass will withstand tremendous abuse hard landings have seen helicopters drop 30 feet floats saved helicopter floats raise center gravity too high simply bend cross supports fuse lage hung down between floats Install can maintain proper longitudinal CG hate say German-made floats far superior made country come attaching parts very little Low-Fuel-Warning Devices Unless have X-ray eyes can see fuel level flight have digital clock mind recommend low-fuel-warning device several market end article will give address Most warn ing devices use lamps flash cease flash fuel level has reached low three systems article will Wiensch system Walther system Kavan system Wiensch system has very low battery drain can used check airborne battery condition system runs off radio battery draws 8 ma per lamp can operate up three lamps parallel sells $1995 Walther system operates separate 48-volt source will drive up three lamps has very good feature long fuel tank keeps flashing fuel goes low will stop flashing incorporates its own safety system wire break bulb blow out unit itself fail warning land check out sells $1500 Kavan Electronic-Fuel Control operates separate power supply blinks fuel goes low will drive least two bulbs parallel sells $1800 prefer Walther system because has its own safety blinking time have using unit over two years have gotten used am very uncomforta ble fly helicopter Some people say cannot see daytime true some distance radio control helicopters takes just few seconds fly can see about 50 feet no problem Helicopter Stands have never liked standing head start work helicopter have stand shown picture made 3/s-in thick plywood stands 21 inches high built outer legs farther apart bottom 20 17 top very stable holds helicopter may put Heli-Baby have sheet plywood put top two feet square can finish polyurethane varnish cover Formica Mine finished semi-gloss Formica black makes mar-proof surface held together four -in wing nuts stud bolts go contest take apart first thing gets packed would like build like have plans will send free anyone sends repro ducible picture helicopter preferably flight sure include details about helicopter would like see have stand need pictures put column Fuel Warning Device Addresses Ron Wiensch 7318 Cosner Dr Dayton Ohio 45424 Edward Walther 3462 Bowman Dr Winter Park Fla 32789 Kavan Model Products 1424 E Borchard Ave Santa Ana Calif 92705 address 2080 Sharon Rd. Winter Park Fla 32789 February 1976 73